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Health-Related Quality Of Life (Hrqol) In Cystine Compared With Non-Cystine Stone Formers, F. Modersitzki, L. Pizzi, M. Grasso, D. S. Goldfarb Jan 2014

Health-Related Quality Of Life (Hrqol) In Cystine Compared With Non-Cystine Stone Formers, F. Modersitzki, L. Pizzi, M. Grasso, D. S. Goldfarb

Journal Articles

Cystinuria is a genetic cause of recurrent kidney stones which may be more recurrent and larger than more common non-cystine stones. They may have a greater impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We measured this impact by surveying HRQoL in patients with stones, comparing non-cystine stone formers (NCSF) to cystine stone formers (CYSF) and both groups to normative values of the US population. We used SF-36v2 via an internet instrument. CYSF patients were recruited via cystinuria-related websites, two patient advocacy groups, and an active endourology practice. NCSF patients were recruited from the same practice and by email. Total n …

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Corticocortical Evoked Potentials Reveal Projectors And Integrators In Human Brain Networks, C. J. Keller, C. J. Honey, L. Entz, S. Bickel, D. M. Groppe, E. Toth, I. Ulbert, F. A. Lado, A. D. Mehta Jan 2014

Corticocortical Evoked Potentials Reveal Projectors And Integrators In Human Brain Networks, C. J. Keller, C. J. Honey, L. Entz, S. Bickel, D. M. Groppe, E. Toth, I. Ulbert, F. A. Lado, A. D. Mehta

Journal Articles

The cerebral cortex is composed of subregions whose functional specialization is largely determined by their incoming and outgoing connections with each other. In the present study, we asked which cortical regions can exert the greatest influence over other regions and the cortical network as a whole. Previous research on this question has relied on coarse anatomy (mapping large fiber pathways) or functional connectivity (mapping inter-regional statistical dependencies in ongoing activity). Here we combined direct electrical stimulation with recordings from the cortical surface to provide a novel insight into directed, inter-regional influence within the cerebral cortex of awake humans. These networks …

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Evoked Effective Connectivity Of The Human Neocortex, L. Entz, E. Toth, C. J. Keller, S. Bickel, D. M. Groppe, D. Fabo, L. R. Kozak, L. Eross, I. Ulbert, A. D. Mehta Jan 2014

Evoked Effective Connectivity Of The Human Neocortex, L. Entz, E. Toth, C. J. Keller, S. Bickel, D. M. Groppe, D. Fabo, L. R. Kozak, L. Eross, I. Ulbert, A. D. Mehta

Journal Articles

The role of cortical connectivity in brain function and pathology is increasingly being recognized. While in vivo magnetic resonance imaging studies have provided important insights into anatomical and functional connectivity, these methodologies are limited in their ability to detect electrophysiological activity and the causal relationships that underlie effective connectivity. Here, we describe results of cortico-cortical evoked potential (CCEP) mapping using single pulse electrical stimulation in 25 patients undergoing seizure monitoring with subdural electrode arrays. Mapping was performed by stimulating adjacent electrode pairs and recording CCEPs from the remainder of the electrode array. CCEPs reliably revealed functional networks and showed an …

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Terror Medicine As Part Of The Medical School Curriculum, L. A. Cole, K. Wagner, S. Scott, N. D. Connell, A. Cooper, C. A. Kennedy, B. Natal, S. Lamba Jan 2014

Terror Medicine As Part Of The Medical School Curriculum, L. A. Cole, K. Wagner, S. Scott, N. D. Connell, A. Cooper, C. A. Kennedy, B. Natal, S. Lamba

Journal Articles

Terror medicine, a field related to emergency and disaster medicine, focuses on medical issues ranging from preparedness to psychological manifestations specifically associated with terrorist attacks. Calls to teach aspects of the subject in American medical schools surged after the 2001 jetliner and anthrax attacks. Although the threat of terrorism persists, terror medicine is still addressed erratically if at all in most medical schools. This paper suggests a template for incorporating the subject throughout a 4-year medical curriculum. The instructional framework culminates in a short course for fourth year students, such as one recently introduced at Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, …

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Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy As A Sequela Of Elective Direct-Current Cardioversion For Atrial Fibrillation, J. S. Siegfried, S. Bhusri, N. Guttenplan, N. L. Coplan Jan 2014

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy As A Sequela Of Elective Direct-Current Cardioversion For Atrial Fibrillation, J. S. Siegfried, S. Bhusri, N. Guttenplan, N. L. Coplan

Journal Articles

In takotsubo cardiomyopathy, the clinical appearance is that of an acute myocardial infarction in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease, with apical ballooning of the left ventricle. The condition is usually precipitated by a stressful physical or psychological experience. The mechanism is unknown but is thought to be related to catecholamine excess. We present the case of a 67-year-old woman who experienced cardiogenic shock caused by takotsubo cardiomyopathy, immediately after undergoing elective direct-current cardioversion for atrial fibrillation. After a course complicated by left ventricular failure, cardiogenic shock, and ventricular tachycardia, she made a complete clinical and echocardiographic recovery In …

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Abnormal Metabolic Network Activity In Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder, F. Holtbernd, J. F. Gagnon, R. B. Postuma, Y. Ma, C. C. Tang, A. Feigin, V. Dhawan, J. P. Soucy, D. Eidelberg, J. Montplaisir, +1 Additional Author Jan 2014

Abnormal Metabolic Network Activity In Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder, F. Holtbernd, J. F. Gagnon, R. B. Postuma, Y. Ma, C. C. Tang, A. Feigin, V. Dhawan, J. P. Soucy, D. Eidelberg, J. Montplaisir, +1 Additional Author

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the Parkinson disease-related covariance pattern (PDRP) expression is abnormally increased in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and whether increased baseline activity is associated with greater individual risk of subsequent phenoconversion. METHODS: For this cohort study, we recruited 2 groups of RBD and control subjects. Cohort 1 comprised 10 subjects with RBD (63.5 +/- 9.4 years old) and 10 healthy volunteers (62.7 +/- 8.6 years old) who underwent resting-state metabolic brain imaging with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET. Cohort 2 comprised 17 subjects with RBD (68.9 +/- 4.8 years old) and 17 healthy volunteers (66.6 +/- 6.0 years old) …

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Breast Cancer And Aging: Results Of The U13 Conference Breast Cancer Panel, M. F. Barginear, H. Muss, G. Kimmick, C. Owusu, E. Mrozek, A. Shahrokni, K. Ballman, A. Hurria Jan 2014

Breast Cancer And Aging: Results Of The U13 Conference Breast Cancer Panel, M. F. Barginear, H. Muss, G. Kimmick, C. Owusu, E. Mrozek, A. Shahrokni, K. Ballman, A. Hurria

Journal Articles

Breast cancer is predominantly a disease of older women, yet there is a knowledge gap due to the persisting misalignment between the age distribution of women with breast cancer and the age distribution of participants in clinical trials. The purpose of this report is to state the U13 conference breast cancer panel's recommendations regarding therapeutic clinical trials that will fill gaps in knowledge regarding the care of older patients with breast cancer. The U13 conference was a collaboration between the Cancer and Aging Research Group and the National Institute on Aging and the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Clinical trials should …

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Depression In Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension And Interstitial Lung Diseases, S. Verma, J. Cardenas-Garcia, P. R. Mohapatra, A. Talwar Jan 2014

Depression In Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension And Interstitial Lung Diseases, S. Verma, J. Cardenas-Garcia, P. R. Mohapatra, A. Talwar

Journal Articles

Advanced lung diseases such as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are chronic diseases that cause significantly high morbidity and mortality. As a result, patients can undergo some psychological changes leading to a poor quality of life and depression. Diagnosis of depression is often obscured because fatigue and apathy, two common symptoms of depression, frequently overlap with PAH and ILD. Healthcare providers are sometimes reluctant to ask or mistakenly believe that these symptoms are part of the ongoing disease process, rather than a serious condition like depression. Screening tools are available for physicians to be well positioned …

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Effects Of Pulmonary Rehabilitation On Fatigue Severity Scale In Patients With Lung Disease, A. Talwar, S. Sahni, S. John, S. Verma, J. Cardenas-Garcia, N. Kohn Jan 2014

Effects Of Pulmonary Rehabilitation On Fatigue Severity Scale In Patients With Lung Disease, A. Talwar, S. Sahni, S. John, S. Verma, J. Cardenas-Garcia, N. Kohn

Journal Articles

INTRODUCTION: Fatigue is a known symptom of advanced lung disease and impacts quality of life and psychological health. Many of these patients undergo pulmonary rehabilitation as part of their therapy. Understanding the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation on fatigue in these patients is important, as one may be able to design more focused rehabilitation programs. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation on fatigue as measured by the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) in patients with advanced lung disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients were enrolled in a standardized 6 week pulmonary rehabilitation program. They were asked …

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Mif: Mood Improving/Inhibiting Factor?, J. Bloom, Y. Al-Abed Jan 2014

Mif: Mood Improving/Inhibiting Factor?, J. Bloom, Y. Al-Abed

Journal Articles

Although major depressive disorder imposes a serious public health burden and affects nearly one in six individuals in developed countries over their lifetimes, there is still no consensus on its pathophysiology. Inflammation and cytokines have emerged as a promising new avenue in depression research, and, in particular, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been shown to be significant in depression physiology. In this review we summarize current research on MIF and depression. We highlight the arguments for MIF as a pro-and antidepressant species and discuss the potential implications for therapeutics.

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User Centered Clinical Decision Support Tools: Adoption Across Clinician Training Level, L. J. Mccullagh, A. Sofianou, J. Kannry, D. M. Mann, T. G. Mcginn Jan 2014

User Centered Clinical Decision Support Tools: Adoption Across Clinician Training Level, L. J. Mccullagh, A. Sofianou, J. Kannry, D. M. Mann, T. G. Mcginn

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Dissemination and adoption of clinical decision support (CDS) tools is a major initiative of the Affordable Care Act's Meaningful Use program. Adoption of CDS tools is multipronged with personal, organizational, and clinical settings factoring into the successful utilization rates. Specifically, the diffusion of innovation theory implies that 'early adopters' are more inclined to use CDS tools and younger physicians tend to be ranked in this category. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the differences in adoption of CDS tools across providers' training level. PARTICIPANTS: From November 2010 to 2011, 168 residents and attendings from an academic medical institution were enrolled into …

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Characteristics Of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder In Children And Adolescents: A "New Disorder" In Dsm-5, M. M. Fisher, D. S. Rosen, R. M. Ornstein, K. A. Mammel, D. K. Katzman, E. S. Rome, S. T. Callahan, J. Malizio, S. Kearney, B. T. Walsh Jan 2014

Characteristics Of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder In Children And Adolescents: A "New Disorder" In Dsm-5, M. M. Fisher, D. S. Rosen, R. M. Ornstein, K. A. Mammel, D. K. Katzman, E. S. Rome, S. T. Callahan, J. Malizio, S. Kearney, B. T. Walsh

Journal Articles

Purpose: To evaluate the DSM-5 diagnosis of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) in children and adolescents with poor eating not associated with body image concerns. Methods: A retrospective case-control study of 8e18-year-olds, using a diagnostic algorithm, compared all cases with ARFID presenting to seven adolescent-medicine eating disorder programs in 2010 to a randomly selected sample with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). Demographic and clinical information were recorded. Results: Of 712 individuals studied, 98 (13.8%) met ARFID criteria. Patients with ARFID were younger than those with AN (n = 98) or BN (n = 66), (12.9 vs. 15.6 vs. …

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Sex Differences In Anxiety And Depression Clinical Perspectives, M. Altemus, N. Sarvaiya, C. N. Epperson Jan 2014

Sex Differences In Anxiety And Depression Clinical Perspectives, M. Altemus, N. Sarvaiya, C. N. Epperson

Journal Articles

Sex differences are prominent in mood and anxiety disorders and may provide a window into mechanisms of onset and maintenance of affective disturbances in both men and women. With the plethora of sex differences in brain structure, function, and stress responsivity, as well as differences in exposure to reproductive hormones, social expectations and experiences, the challenge is to understand which sex differences are relevant to affective illness. This review will focus on clinical aspects of sex differences in affective disorders including the emergence of sex differences across developmental stages and the impact of reproductive events. Biological, cultural, and experiential factors …

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Family-Focused Treatment For Adolescents And Young Adults At High Risk For Psychosis: Results Of A Randomized Trial, D. J. Miklowitz, M. P. O'Brien, D. A. Schlosser, J. Addington, K. A. Candan, B. C. Walsh, J. L. Zinberg, S. D. De Silva, M. Friedman-Yakoobian, T. D. Cannon, +2 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Family-Focused Treatment For Adolescents And Young Adults At High Risk For Psychosis: Results Of A Randomized Trial, D. J. Miklowitz, M. P. O'Brien, D. A. Schlosser, J. Addington, K. A. Candan, B. C. Walsh, J. L. Zinberg, S. D. De Silva, M. Friedman-Yakoobian, T. D. Cannon, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Objective: Longitudinal studies have begun to clarify the phenotypic characteristics of adolescents and young adults at clinical high risk for psychosis. This 8-site randomized trial examined whether a 6-month program of family psychoeducation was effective in reducing the severity of attenuated positive and negative psychotic symptoms and enhancing functioning among individuals at high risk. Method: Adolescents and young adults (mean age 17.4 +/- 4.1 years) with attenuated positive psychotic symptoms, brief and intermittent psychosis, or genetic risk with functional deterioration were randomly assigned to 18 sessions of family-focused therapy for individuals at clinical high risk (FFT-CHR) in 6 months or …

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A Randomized Trial Of Family Focused Therapy With Populations At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis: Effects On Interactional Behavior, M. P. O'Brien, D. J. Miklowitz, K. A. Candan, C. Marshall, I. Domingues, B. C. Walsh, J. L. Zinberg, S. D. De Silva, K. A. Woodberry, T. D. Cannon Jan 2014

A Randomized Trial Of Family Focused Therapy With Populations At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis: Effects On Interactional Behavior, M. P. O'Brien, D. J. Miklowitz, K. A. Candan, C. Marshall, I. Domingues, B. C. Walsh, J. L. Zinberg, S. D. De Silva, K. A. Woodberry, T. D. Cannon

Journal Articles

Objective: This study investigated whether family focused therapy (FFT-CHR), an 18-session intervention that consisted of psychoeducation and training in communication and problem solving, brought about greater improvements in family communication than enhanced care (EC), a 3-session psychoeducational intervention, among individuals at clinical high risk for developing psychosis. Method: This study was conducted within a randomized controlled trial across 8 sites. We examined 10-min problem-solving discussions at baseline and 6-month reassessment among 66 adolescents and young adults and their parents. Trained coders who were blind to treatment and time of assessment achieved high levels of interrater reliability when evaluating family discussions …

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Resting-State Fmri Connectivity Impairment In Schizophrenia And Bipolar Disorder, Miklos Argyelan, T. Ikuta, P. Derosse, R. J. Braga, K. E. Burdick, M. John, P. B. Kingsley, A. K. Malhotra, P. R. Szeszko Jan 2014

Resting-State Fmri Connectivity Impairment In Schizophrenia And Bipolar Disorder, Miklos Argyelan, T. Ikuta, P. Derosse, R. J. Braga, K. E. Burdick, M. John, P. B. Kingsley, A. K. Malhotra, P. R. Szeszko

Journal Articles

Background: Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder share aspects of phenomenology and neurobiology and thus may represent a continuum of disease. Few studies have compared connectivity across the brain in these disorders or investigated their functional correlates. Methods: We used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate global and regional connectivity in 32 healthy controls, 19 patients with bipolar disorder, and 18 schizophrenia patients. Patients also received comprehensive neuropsychological and clinical assessments. We computed correlation matrices among 266 regions of interest within the brain, with the primary dependent measure being overall global connectivity strength of each region with every other region. Results: …

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Empirical Evidence For Discrete Neurocognitive Subgroups In Bipolar Disorder: Clinical Implications, K. E. Burdick, M. Russo, S. Frangou, K. Mahon, R. J. Braga, M. Shanahan, A. K. Malhotra Jan 2014

Empirical Evidence For Discrete Neurocognitive Subgroups In Bipolar Disorder: Clinical Implications, K. E. Burdick, M. Russo, S. Frangou, K. Mahon, R. J. Braga, M. Shanahan, A. K. Malhotra

Journal Articles

Background. Recent data suggest trait-like neurocognitive impairments in bipolar disorder (BPD), with deficits about 1 S.D. below average, less severe than deficits noted in schizophrenia. The frequency of significant impairment in BPD is approximately 60%, with 40% of patients characterized as cognitively spared. This contrasts with a more homogeneous presentation in schizophrenia. It is not understood why some BPD patients develop deficits while others do not. Method. A total of 136 patients with BPD completed the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery and data were entered into hierarchical cluster analyses to: (1) determine the optimal number of clusters (subgroups) that fit the …

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Reliability Of Neuroanatomical Measurements In A Multisite Longitudinal Study Of Youth At Risk For Psychosis, T. D. Cannon, L. J. Seidman, H. W. Thermenos, B. A. Cornblatt, D. M. Olvet, D. Perkins, M. L. Qiu, D. H. Mathalon, P. Thompson, A. W. Toga, +19 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Reliability Of Neuroanatomical Measurements In A Multisite Longitudinal Study Of Youth At Risk For Psychosis, T. D. Cannon, L. J. Seidman, H. W. Thermenos, B. A. Cornblatt, D. M. Olvet, D. Perkins, M. L. Qiu, D. H. Mathalon, P. Thompson, A. W. Toga, +19 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Multisite longitudinal neuroimaging designs are used to identify differential brain structural change associated with onset or progression of disease. The reliability of neuroanatomical measurements over time and across sites is a crucial aspect of power in such studies. Prior work has found that while within-site reliabilities of neuroanatomical measurements are excellent, between-site reliability is generally more modest. Factors that may increase between-site reliability include standardization of scanner platform and sequence parameters and correction for between-scanner variations in gradient nonlinearities. Factors that may improve both between- and within-site reliability include use of registration algorithms that account for individual differences in cortical …

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Clinical Predictors Of Therapeutic Response To Antipsychotics In Schizophrenia, M. Carbon, C. U. Correll Jan 2014

Clinical Predictors Of Therapeutic Response To Antipsychotics In Schizophrenia, M. Carbon, C. U. Correll

Journal Articles

The search for clinical outcome predictors for schizophrenia is as old as the field of psychiatry. However, despite a wealth of large, longitudinal studies into prognostic factors, only very few clinically useful outcome predictors have been identified. The goal of future treatment is to either affect modifiable risk factors, or use nonmodifiable factors to parse patients into therapeutically meaningful subgroups. Most clinical outcome predictors are nonspecific and/or nonmodifiable. Nonmodifiable predictors for poor odds of remission include male sex, younger age at disease onset, poor premorbid adjustment, and severe baseline psychopathology. Modifiable risk factors for poor therapeutic outcomes that clinicians can …

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The Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Interview And Scale-Prospective (Bpss-P): Description And Validation In A Psychiatric Sample And Healthy Controls, C. U. Correll, D. M. Olvet, A. M. Auther, M. Hauser, T. Kishimoto, R. Carrion, S. Snyder, B. A. Cornblatt Jan 2014

The Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Interview And Scale-Prospective (Bpss-P): Description And Validation In A Psychiatric Sample And Healthy Controls, C. U. Correll, D. M. Olvet, A. M. Auther, M. Hauser, T. Kishimoto, R. Carrion, S. Snyder, B. A. Cornblatt

Journal Articles

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Interview and Scale-Prospective (BPSS-P), the first specific interview for emerging bipolar disorder (BD) symptoms. Methods: A total of 205 youth aged 12-23 years and/or their caregivers underwent BPSS-P interviews: 129 patients with mood spectrum disorders [ depression spectrum disorder (n = 77), mood disorder not otherwise specified (NOS) (n = 27), BD-NOS (n = 14), bipolar I disorder (BD-I)/bipolar II disorder (BD-II)/cyclothymia (n = 11), 34 with non-mood spectrum disorders, and 42 healthy controls (HCs)]. We used Cronbach's alpha to assess internal …

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Adding Insult To Injury: Childhood And Adolescent Risk Factors For Psychosis Predict Lower Fractional Anisotropy In The Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus In Healthy Adults, P. Derosse, T. Ikuta, B. D. Peters, K. Karlsgodt, P. Szeszko, A. K. Malhotra Jan 2014

Adding Insult To Injury: Childhood And Adolescent Risk Factors For Psychosis Predict Lower Fractional Anisotropy In The Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus In Healthy Adults, P. Derosse, T. Ikuta, B. D. Peters, K. Karlsgodt, P. Szeszko, A. K. Malhotra

Journal Articles

Although epidemiological studies provide strong support for demographic and environmental risk factors in psychotic disorders, few data examine how these risk factors relate to the putative aberrant neurodevelopment associated with illness. The present study examined how the accumulation of risk factors including low IQ, low parental socioeconomic status (SES), history of adolescent cannabis use and childhood trauma, and high levels of subclinical psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) contributed to aberrant neurodevelopmental outcomes in 112 otherwise healthy adults recruited from the community. Participants were studied with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and voxel-wise statistical analysis of fractional anisotropy (FA) using tractbased spatial statistics (TBSS) …

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The Relation Between Childhood Maltreatment And Psychosis In Patients With Schizophrenia And Non-Psychiatric Controls, P. Derosse, G. C. Nitzburg, B. Kompancaril, A. K. Malhotra Jan 2014

The Relation Between Childhood Maltreatment And Psychosis In Patients With Schizophrenia And Non-Psychiatric Controls, P. Derosse, G. C. Nitzburg, B. Kompancaril, A. K. Malhotra

Journal Articles

Several lines of evidence suggest that childhood maltreatment is associated with an increased risk for both psychotic disorders and subclinical psychotic-like experiences in the general population. Few studies, however, have sought to examine whether the strength of this relationship is comparable across patient and non-patient groups. The present study sought to compare the strength of the association between childhood maltreatment and self-reported psychotic symptoms in 447 healthy adult volunteers and 184 stable outpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Strong positive correlations between childhood maltreatment and self-reported symptoms were observed in both groups. Although patients scored significantly higher than controls on …

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Reliability Of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Activation During Working Memory In A Multi-Site Study: Analysis From The North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study, J. K. Forsyth, C. E. Bearden, J. Addington, B. Goodyear, K. S. Cadenhead, H. Mirzakhanian, B. A. Cornblatt, D. M. Olvet, M. L. Qiu, T. D. Cannon, +13 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Reliability Of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Activation During Working Memory In A Multi-Site Study: Analysis From The North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study, J. K. Forsyth, C. E. Bearden, J. Addington, B. Goodyear, K. S. Cadenhead, H. Mirzakhanian, B. A. Cornblatt, D. M. Olvet, M. L. Qiu, T. D. Cannon, +13 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Multi-site neuroimaging studies offer an efficient means to study brain functioning in large samples of individuals with rare conditions; however, they present new challenges given that aggregating data across sites introduces additional variability into measures of interest. Assessing the reliability of brain activation across study sites and comparing statistical methods for pooling functional data are critical to ensuring the validity of aggregating data across sites. The current study used two samples of healthy individuals to assess the feasibility and reliability of aggregating multi-site functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from a Sternberg-style verbal working memory task. Participants were recruited as …

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Extension And Refinement Of The Predictive Value Of Different Classes Of Markers In Adni: Four-Year Follow-Up Data, J. J. Gomar, C. Conejero-Goldberg, P. Davies, T. E. Goldberg, Initi Alzheimer's Dis Neuroimaging Jan 2014

Extension And Refinement Of The Predictive Value Of Different Classes Of Markers In Adni: Four-Year Follow-Up Data, J. J. Gomar, C. Conejero-Goldberg, P. Davies, T. E. Goldberg, Initi Alzheimer's Dis Neuroimaging

Journal Articles

Background: This study examined the predictive value of different classes of markers in the progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) over an extended 4-year follow-up in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. Methods: MCI patients were assessed for clinical, cognitive, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography-fluorodeoxyglucose (PET-FDG), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). markers at baseline and were followed on a yearly basis for 4 years to ascertain progression to AD. Logistic regression models were fitted in clusters, including demographics, APOE genotype, cognitive markers, and biomarkers (morphometric, PET-FDG, CSF, amyloid-beta, and tau). Results: The predictive model …

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A Schizophrenia Risk Gene, Znf804a, Is Associated With Brain White Matter Microstructure, T. Ikuta, B. D. Peters, S. Guha, M. John, K. H. Karlsgodt, T. Lencz, P. R. Szeszko, A. K. Malhotra Jan 2014

A Schizophrenia Risk Gene, Znf804a, Is Associated With Brain White Matter Microstructure, T. Ikuta, B. D. Peters, S. Guha, M. John, K. H. Karlsgodt, T. Lencz, P. R. Szeszko, A. K. Malhotra

Journal Articles

Genome-wide association studies have provided strong evidence for association of the SNP rs1344706 in the ZNF804A gene with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Neuroimaging studies have suggested that variation at rs1344706 may be associated with neural endophenotypes such as white matter volumes and densities. However, analyses of white matter microstructure using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have produced conflicting results. We examined the association between rs1344706 and white matter microstructure in 107 healthy individuals using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). TBSS analysis showed significant association between the risk allele and lower fractional anisotropy in the corpus callosum, left forceps minor, and right parietal …

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Subcortical Modulation Of Attentional Control By Second-Generation Antipsychotics In First-Episode Psychosis, T. Ikuta, D. G. Robinson, J. A. Gallego, B. D. Peters, P. Gruner, J. M. Kane, M. John, S. Sevy, A. K. Malhotra, P. R. Szeszko Jan 2014

Subcortical Modulation Of Attentional Control By Second-Generation Antipsychotics In First-Episode Psychosis, T. Ikuta, D. G. Robinson, J. A. Gallego, B. D. Peters, P. Gruner, J. M. Kane, M. John, S. Sevy, A. K. Malhotra, P. R. Szeszko

Journal Articles

Psychotic disorders are characterized by significant deficits in attentional control, but the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these deficits early in the course of illness prior to extensive pharmacotherapy are not well understood. Moreover, little is known regarding the symptom and brain changes associated with amelioration of attentional impairments through antipsychotic pharmacotherapy. In this study 14 male patients experiencing a first-episode of psychosis with minimal prior antipsychotic treatment completed an attentional control task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging at the onset of treatment with a second generation antipsychotic (rispericlone or aripiprazole) in a double blind randomized clinical trial and then again …

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Abnormal Cingulum Bundle Development In Autism: A Probabilistic Tractography Study, T. Ikuta, K. M. Shafritz, J. Bregman, B. D. Peters, P. Gruner, A. K. Malhotra, P. R. Szeszko Jan 2014

Abnormal Cingulum Bundle Development In Autism: A Probabilistic Tractography Study, T. Ikuta, K. M. Shafritz, J. Bregman, B. D. Peters, P. Gruner, A. K. Malhotra, P. R. Szeszko

Journal Articles

There is now considerable evidence that white matter abnormalities play a role in the neurobiology of autism. Little research has been directed, however, at understanding (a) typical white matter development in autism and how this relates to neurocognitive impairments observed in the disorder. In this study we used probabilistic tractography to identify the cingulum bundle in 21 adolescents and young adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and 21 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. We investigated group differences in the relationships between age and fractional anisotropy, a putative measure of white matter integrity, within the cingulum bundle. Moreover, in a preliminary …

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Positive And Negative Subclinical Symptoms And Mccb Performance In Non-Psychiatric Controls, C. Korponay, G. C. Nitzburg, Anil Malhotra, P. Derosse Jan 2014

Positive And Negative Subclinical Symptoms And Mccb Performance In Non-Psychiatric Controls, C. Korponay, G. C. Nitzburg, Anil Malhotra, P. Derosse

Journal Articles

Considerable data support the phenomenological and temporal continuity between subclinical psychosis and psychotic disorders. In recent years, neurocognitive deficits have increasingly been recognized as a core feature of psychotic illness but there are few data seeking to elucidate the relationship between subclinical psychosis and neurocogntive deficits in non-clinical samples. The goal of the present study was to examine the relationship between subclinical positive and negative symptoms, as measured by the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) and performance on the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) in a large (n=303) and demographically diverse non-clinical sample. We found that compared to participants …

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The Influence Of Neighborhood Characteristics On Police Officers' Encounters With Persons Suspected To Have A Serious Mental Illness, S. Krishan, R. Bakeman, B. Broussard, S. L. Cristofaro, D. Hankerson-Dyson, L. Husbands, A. C. Watson, Michael Compton Jan 2014

The Influence Of Neighborhood Characteristics On Police Officers' Encounters With Persons Suspected To Have A Serious Mental Illness, S. Krishan, R. Bakeman, B. Broussard, S. L. Cristofaro, D. Hankerson-Dyson, L. Husbands, A. C. Watson, Michael Compton

Journal Articles

Objective: Police officers' decisions and behaviors are impacted by the neighborhood context in which police encounters occur. For example, officers may use greater force and be more likely to make arrests in disadvantaged neighborhoods. We examined whether neighborhood characteristics influence police encounters with individuals suspected to have a serious mental illness, addictive disorder, or developmental disability. Method: We obtained data on 916 encounters from 166 officers in six jurisdictions in Georgia, USA and abstracted geographical data pertaining to the location of these encounters from United States Decennial Census data. Encounters were nested within 163 census tracts. Officer-reported data covered general …

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The Content Of Attenuated Psychotic Symptoms In Those At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis, C. Marshall, E. Denny, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, Barbara Cornblatt, T. H. Mcglashan, D. O. Perkins, L. J. Seidman, M. T. Tsuang, J. Addington, +2 Additional Authors Jan 2014

The Content Of Attenuated Psychotic Symptoms In Those At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis, C. Marshall, E. Denny, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, Barbara Cornblatt, T. H. Mcglashan, D. O. Perkins, L. J. Seidman, M. T. Tsuang, J. Addington, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Recent research has started to focus on identifying individuals who are at clinical high risk of developing psychosis as a means to try and understand the predictors and mechanisms involved in the progress to a full psychotic episode. The aim of the current study was to provide an initial description and prevalence rates of specific content found within attenuated positive symptoms. The Content of Attenuated Positive Symptoms (CAPS) codebook was used by independent raters to determine the presence of content within a sample of written vignettes. Krippendorff's alpha was used to determine inter-rater reliability. Overall, the majority of items fell …

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