Digital Commons Network^™

Utility Of The 3di Short Version In The Identification And Diagnosis Of Autism In Children At The Kenyan Coast., Patricia Kipkemoi, Symon Kariuki, Joseph Gona, Felicita Wangeci Mwangi, Martha Kombe, Collins Kipkoech, Paul Mwangi, William Mandy, Amina Abubakar, Charles Newton

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Introduction: The precise epidemiological burden of autism is unknown because of the limited capacity to identify and diagnose the disorder in resource-constrained settings, related in part to a lack of appropriate standardised assessment tools and health care experts. We assessed the reliability, validity, and diagnostic accuracy of the Developmental Diagnostic Dimensional Interview (3Di) in a rural setting on the Kenyan coast.

Methods: Using a large community survey of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), we administered the 3Di to 2,110 children aged between 6 years and 9 years who screened positive or negative for any NDD and selected 242 who had specific symptoms …

Alzheimer’S Disease And Inflammatory Biomarkers Positively Correlate In Plasma In The Uk-Adrc Cohort, Kate E. Foley, Zachary Winder, Tiffany L. Sudduth, Barbara J. Martin, Peter T. Nelson, Gregory Jicha, Jordan P. Harp, Erica M. Weekman, Donna M. Wilcock

Neurology Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Protein-based plasma assays provide hope for improving accessibility and specificity of molecular diagnostics to diagnose dementia. METHODS: Plasma was obtained from participants (N = 837) in our community-based University of Kentucky Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center cohort. We evaluated six Alzheimer’s disease (AD)- and neurodegeneration-related (Aβ40, Aβ42, Aβ42/40, p- tau181, total tau, and NfLight) and five inflammatory biomarkers (TNF𝛼, IL6, IL8, IL10, and GFAP) using the SIMOA-based protein assay platform. Statistics were performed to assess correlations. RESULTS: Our large cohort reflects previous plasma biomarker findings. Relationships between biomarkers to understand AD–inflammatory biomarker correlations showed significant associations between AD and inflammatory …

Current Practices, Perceived Barriers, And Promising Implementation Strategies For Improving Quality Of Smoking Cessation Support In Accredited Cancer Programs Of The American College Of Surgeons., Jamie S. Ostroff, Eileen M. Reilly, Jessica L. Burris, Graham W. Warren, Rachel C. Shelton, Timothy W. Mullett, Just Ask Quality Improvement Task Force

Psychology Faculty Publications

PURPOSE: Persistent smoking is associated with poor outcomes in cancer care. It is strongly recommended that oncology care providers provide cessation support; however, there is limited information about smoking cessation assessment and treatment patterns in routine oncology practice.

METHODS: Leaders of the American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer (CoC) and National Accreditation Program for Breast Centers (National Accredited Program for Breast Cancer) elected to participate in a national quality improvement initiative (Just ASK) focused on smoking assessment/treatment in cancer care. Online baseline survey responses were received from 762 accredited programs.

RESULTS: Most programs reported regularly asking about smoking (89.9%), …

The Role Of Family Accommodation In Child Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms And Functional Impairment In The Context Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Ogechi Cynthia Onyeka, Samuel D Spencer, Alison Salloum, Katie Jiannetto, Eric A Storch

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Caregiver behaviors such as family accommodation (FA) are negatively reinforced by reduced distress in the short term, but ultimately maintain symptoms. It is important to explore the role of FA on symptoms and impairment. The current study examined the relationship among FA, posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and functional impairment in a sample of children and their caregivers who completed trauma treatment.

METHOD: Participants included 183 children and their caregivers (M age = 7.89; 55.19 % female; 73.22 % non-Hispanic; 51.37 % White). Data consisted of parent-reported measures collected at baseline, post-treatment, and 12-month follow-up from a randomized control trial …

Mapping Gray And White Matter Volume Abnormalities In Early-Onset Psychosis: An Enigma Multicenter Voxel-Based Morphometry Study, Shuqing Si, Anbreen Bi, Zhaoying Yu, Cheryl See, Sinead Kelly, Sonia Ambrogi, Celso Arango, Inmaculada Baeza, Nerisa Banaj, Michael Berk, Josefina Castro-Fornieles, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Jacob J Crouse, Covadonga M Díaz-Caneja, Anne-Kathrin Fett, Adriana Fortea, Sophia Frangou, Benjamin I Goldstein, Ian B Hickie, Joost Janssen, Kody G Kennedy, Lydia Krabbendam, Marinos Kyriakopoulos, Bradley J Macintosh, Pedro Morgado, Stener Nerland, Saül Pascual-Diaz, Maria Picó-Pérez, Fabrizio Piras, Bjørn Rishovd Rund, Elena De La Serna, Gianfranco Spalletta, Gisela Sugranyes, Chao Suo, Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Daniela Vecchio, Joaquim Radua, Philip Mcguire, Sophia I Thomopoulos, Neda Jahanshad, Paul M Thompson, Claudia Barth, Ingrid Agartz, Anthony James, Matthew J Kempton

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: Regional gray matter (GM) alterations have been reported in early-onset psychosis (EOP, onset before age 18), but previous studies have yielded conflicting results, likely due to small sample sizes and the different brain regions examined. In this study, we conducted a whole brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis in a large sample of individuals with EOP, using the newly developed ENIGMA-VBM tool.

METHODS: 15 independent cohorts from the ENIGMA-EOP working group participated in the study. The overall sample comprised T1-weighted MRI data from 482 individuals with EOP and 469 healthy controls. Each site performed the VBM analysis locally using the …

A Practical Guide To Evaluating And Using Big Data In Digestive Disease Research, Madeline Alizadeh, Natalia Sampaio Moura, Alyssa Schledwitz, Seema A Patil, Hashem El-Serag, Jacques Ravel, Jean-Pierre Raufman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Longitudinal Predictors Of Health-Related Quality Of Life In Isolated Dystonia, Johanna Junker, James Hall, Brian D Berman, Marie Vidailhet, Emmanuel Roze, Tobias Bäumer, Irene A Malaty, Aparna Wagle Shukla, Joseph Jankovic, Stephen G Reich, Alberto J Espay, Kevin R Duque, Neepa Patel, Joel S Perlmutter, H A Jinnah, Valerie Brandt, Norbert Brüggemann

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: To determine longitudinal predictors of health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in an international multicenter cohort of patients with isolated dystonia.

METHODS: Out of 603 dystonia patients prospectively enrolled in the Natural History Dystonia Coalition study, 155 were assessed three times within 2 years for HR-QoL, symptoms of depression, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and social anxiety disorder (SAD), as well as dystonia severity and dystonic tremor. In addition, the impact of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections on HR-QoL was evaluated after 1 year.

RESULTS: Depressive symptoms at baseline predicted lower HR-QoL on all subscales after 2 years (all p ≤ 0.001). …

Prediction Of Adverse Events Risk In Patients With Comorbid Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder And Alcohol Use Disorder Using Electronic Medical Records By Deep Learning Models, Oshin Miranda, Peihao Fan, Xiguang Qi, Haohan Wang, M Daniel Brannock, Thomas Kosten, Neal David Ryan, Levent Kirisci, Lirong Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Identifying co-occurring mental disorders and elevated risk is vital for optimization of healthcare processes. In this study, we will use DeepBiomarker2, an updated version of our deep learning model to predict the adverse events among patients with comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD), a high-risk population.

Methods: We analyzed electronic medical records of 5565 patients from University of Pittsburgh Medical Center to predict adverse events (opioid use disorder, suicide related events, depression, and death) within 3 months at any encounter after the diagnosis of PTSD+AUD by using DeepBiomarker2. We integrated multimodal information including: lab tests, …

Impact Of Neighborhood Disadvantage On Tumor Biology And Breast Cancer Survival, Neha Goel, Alexandra Hernandez, Deukwoo Kwon, Michael H Antoni, Steve Cole

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between neighborhood disadvantage and Oncotype DX score, a surrogate for tumor biology, among a national cohort.

Background: Women living in disadvantaged neighborhoods have shorter breast cancer (BC) survival, even after accounting for individual-level, tumor, and treatment characteristics. This suggests unaccounted social and biological mechanisms by which neighborhood disadvantage may impact BC survival.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included stage I and II, ER + /HER2 - BC patients with Oncotype DX score data from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) from 2004 to 2019. Multivariate regression models tested the association of …

Making Cities Mental Health Friendly For Adolescents And Young Adults, Pamela Y. Collins, Moitreyee Sinha, Tessa Concepcion, George Patton, Thaisa Way, Layla Mccay, Augustina Mensa-Kwao, Helen Herrman, Evelyne De Leeuw, Lukoye Atwoli

Brain and Mind Institute

Urban life shapes the mental health of city dwellers, and although cities provide access to health, education and economic gain, urban environments are often detrimental to mental health1,2. Increasing urbanization over the next three decades will be accompanied by a growing population of children and adolescents living in cities3. Shaping the aspects of urban life that influence youth mental health could have an enormous impact on adolescent well-being and adult trajectories4. We invited a multidisciplinary, global group of researchers, practitioners, advocates and young people to complete sequential surveys to identify and prioritize the characteristics of a mental health-friendly city for …

Emotional Resilience Predicts Preserved White Matter Microstructure Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Lanya T Cai, Benjamin L Brett, Eva M Palacios, Esther L Yuh, Ioanna Bourla, Jamie Wren-Jarvis, Yang Wang, Christine Mac Donald, Ramon Diaz-Arrastia, Joseph T Giacino, David O Okonkwo, Harvey S Levin, Claudia S Robertson, Nancy Temkin, Amy J Markowitz, Geoffrey T Manley, Murray B Stein, Michael A Mccrea, Ross D Zafonte, Lindsay D Nelson, Pratik Mukherjee, Track-Tbi Investigators

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Adult patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) exhibit distinct phenotypes of emotional and cognitive functioning identified by latent profile analysis of clinical neuropsychological assessments. When discerned early after injury, these latent clinical profiles have been found to improve prediction of long-term outcomes from mTBI. The present study hypothesized that white matter (WM) microstructure is better preserved in an emotionally resilient mTBI phenotype compared with a neuropsychiatrically distressed mTBI phenotype.

Methods: The present study used diffusion magnetic resonance imaging to investigate and compare WM microstructure in major association, projection, and commissural tracts between the two phenotypes and over time. …

Correlates Of Risk For Disinhibited Behaviors In The Million Veteran Program Cohort, Peter B Barr, Tim B Bigdeli, Jacquelyn L Meyers, Roseann E Peterson, Sandra Sanchez-Roige, Travis T Mallard, Danielle M Dick, K Paige Harden, Anna Wilkinson, David P Graham, David A Nielsen, Alan C Swann, Rachele K Lipsky, Thomas R Kosten, Mihaela Aslan, Philip D Harvey, Nathan A Kimbrel, Jean C Beckham

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Importance: Many psychiatric outcomes share a common etiologic pathway reflecting behavioral disinhibition, generally referred to as externalizing (EXT) disorders. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have demonstrated the overlap between EXT disorders and important aspects of veterans' health, such as suicide-related behaviors and substance use disorders (SUDs).

Objective: To explore correlates of risk for EXT disorders within the Veterans Health Administration (VA) Million Veteran Program (MVP).

Design, setting, and participants: A series of phenome-wide association studies (PheWASs) of polygenic risk scores (PGSs) for EXT disorders was conducted using electronic health records. First, ancestry-specific PheWASs of EXT PGSs were conducted in the …

Examining The Association Between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder And Disruptions In Cortical Networks Identified Using Data-Driven Methods, Jin Yang, Ashley A Huggins, Delin Sun, C Lexi Baird, Courtney C Haswell, Jessie L Frijling, Miranda Olff, Mirjam Van Zuiden, Saskia B J Koch, Laura Nawijn, Dick J Veltman, Benjamin Suarez-Jimenez, Xi Zhu, Yuval Neria, Anna R Hudson, Sven C Mueller, Justin T Baker, Lauren A M Lebois, Milissa L Kaufman, Rongfeng Qi, Guang Ming Lu, Pavel Říha, Ivan Rektor, Emily L Dennis, Christopher R K Ching, Sophia I Thomopoulos, Lauren E Salminen, Neda Jahanshad, Paul M Thompson, Dan J Stein, Sheri M Koopowitz, Jonathan C Ipser, Soraya Seedat, Stefan Du Plessis, Leigh L Van Den Heuvel, Li Wang, Ye Zhu, Gen Li, Anika Sierk, Antje Manthey, Henrik Walter, Judith K Daniels, Christian Schmahl, Julia I Herzog, Israel Liberzon, Anthony King, Mike Angstadt, Nicholas D Davenport, Scott R Sponheim, Seth G Disner, Thomas Straube, David Hofmann, Daniel W Grupe, Jack B Nitschke, Richard J Davidson, Christine L Larson, Terri A Deroon-Cassini, Jennifer U Blackford, Bunmi O Olatunji, Evan M Gordon, Geoffrey May, Steven M Nelson, Chadi G Abdallah, Ifat Levy, Ilan Harpaz-Rotem, John H Krystal, Rajendra A Morey, Aristeidis Sotiras

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with lower cortical thickness (CT) in prefrontal, cingulate, and insular cortices in diverse trauma-affected samples. However, some studies have failed to detect differences between PTSD patients and healthy controls or reported that PTSD is associated with greater CT. Using data-driven dimensionality reduction, we sought to conduct a well-powered study to identify vulnerable networks without regard to neuroanatomic boundaries. Moreover, this approach enabled us to avoid the excessive burden of multiple comparison correction that plagues vertex-wise methods. We derived structural covariance networks (SCNs) by applying non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to CT data from 961 PTSD …

Patient Interest In Exploring Nonsurgical Treatment Approaches For Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Qualitative Study, Maya Guhan, Stacey M Crane, Lillian S Valerius, Denise De La Cruz, Benjamin D Smith, Wendy A Woodward, Melissa P Mitchell, Vicente Valero, Gaiane M Rauch, Savitri Krishnamurthy, Carla L Warnecke, Henry M Kuerer, Simona F Shaitelman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Advances in radiation therapy have enabled the ability to deliver ablative treatments, but there has been limited application of these treatments to early-stage breast cancers with a goal of omitting surgery. The purpose of this study was to explore patient interest in pursuing nonsurgical treatment approaches for their early-stage breast cancer.

Methods and materials: We conducted a qualitative study involving interviews with 21 patients with early-stage breast cancer who were eligible for participation in a phase 2 clinical trial offering omission of definitive surgery. Interviews were transcribed and an inductive, thematic analysis was performed by 3 independent reviewers to …

The Biology Of Hope: Inflammatory And Neuroendocrine Profiles In Ovarian Cancer Patients, Susan K Lutgendorf, Rachel M Telles, Brendan Whitney, Premal H Thaker, George M Slavich, Michael J Goodheart, Frank J Penedo, Alyssa E Noble, Steven W Cole, Anil K Sood, Benjamin W Corn

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Although the concept of hope is highly relevant for cancer patients, little is known about its association with cancer-relevant biomarkers. Here we examined how hope was related to diurnal cortisol and interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pro-inflammatory cytokine previously associated with tumor biology and survival in ovarian cancer. Secondly, we examined whether hope and hopelessness are distinctly associated with these biomarkers.

METHOD: Participants were 292 high-grade ovarian cancer patients who completed surveys and provided saliva samples 4x/daily for 3 days pre-surgery to assess diurnal cortisol. Blood (pre-surgery) and ascites were assessed for IL-6. Hope and hopelessness were assessed using standardized survey …

Neurologic Morbidity And Functional Independence In Adult Survivors Of Childhood Cancer, Stefanie C Vuotto, Mingjuan Wang, M Fatih Okcu, Daniel C Bowers, Nicole J Ullrich, Kirsten K Ness, Chenghong Li, Deo Kumar Srivastava, Rebecca M Howell, Todd M Gibson, Wendy M Leisenring, Kevin C Oeffinger, Leslie L Robison, Gregory T Armstrong, Kevin R Krull, Tara M Brinkman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between neurologic late effects and attainment of independence in adult survivors of childhood cancer treated with central nervous system (CNS)-directed therapies.

METHODS: A total of 7881 survivors treated with cranial radiation therapy (n = 4051; CRT) and/or intrathecal methotrexate (n = 4193; IT MTX) ([CNS-treated]; median age [range] = 25.5 years [18-48]; time since diagnosis = 17.7 years [6.8-30.2]) and 8039 without CNS-directed therapy reported neurologic conditions including stroke, seizure, neurosensory deficits, focal neurologic dysfunction, and migraines/severe headaches. Functional independence was assessed using latent class analysis with multiple indicators (independent living, assistance with routine and personal …

Safety And Academic Outcomes Of College Campus-Based Advocacy Services, Rachel J Voth Schrag, Elizabeth Baumler, Dixie Hairston, Cynthia Jones, Leila Wood

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Intimate partner violence (IPV), sexual assault, and stalking are consequential public health and safety issues with wide reaching impacts on emerging adults, including those on college campuses in the United States. In response to high rates of violence among college student populations, universities are developing campus-based advocacy (CBA) programs, which aim to support survivors of interpersonal violence through supportive connections, resource acquisition, and safety planning. However, little data exists related to their impact on key student-survivor outcomes. Thus, this study aims to understand (a) the approach CBA programs use to address safety and academic concerns of student-survivors, and (b) the …

Burden Of Dog Bite Injuries And Wound Management Practices To Prevent Rabies Among Dog Owners, Dhawani Julka, Amir M Khan, Nitu Kumari, Ujjwal Soni

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Despite members of dog-owning families being at a higher risk of dog bites owing to their proximity to dogs in their household, there are hardly any studies from India which focus on the burden of dog bites among them and their rabies control and prevention practices. This study aimed to estimate the burden of dog bites among dog owners and their wound management practices to prevent rabies.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among pet dog owners in a high-end housing society of National Capital Region of Delhi. A pre-tested and pre-validated schedule was used to collect …

Assessment Of Patient Satisfaction And Treatment Outcomes In Digital Smile Design Vs Conventional Smile Design: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Chetan Luniyal, Anuj K Shukla, Mayank Priyadarshi, Farah Ahmed, Nishu Kumari, Pinki Bankoti, Ramanpal S Makkad

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The esthetics of a smile holds significant importance in an individual's self-esteem and overall quality of life. In the realm of cosmetic dentistry, smile design has traditionally relied on conventional methods, but recent advances in technology have introduced digital smile design (DSD) as a promising alternative.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 150 adult patients seeking smile enhancement procedures were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of two groups: the DSD group or the conventional smile design group. The DSD group underwent smile design using digital technology, including intraoral scans, computer-aided design, and 3D simulations. Meanwhile, the …

Influence Of Zirconia/Glass Veneer Thickness And Implant Abutment Material On The Final Shade Of Implant Restorations, Nishu Kumari, Anuj K Shukla, Rohit Malviya, Aman Raj, Bhagyashree Sutaria, Lalima Kumari, Ramanpal S Makkad

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Achieving an optimal shade match for these restorations is crucial for aesthetic outcomes. The thickness of zirconia/glass veneer and the choice of implant abutment material play vital roles in determining the final shade of implant restorations.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study investigated the influence of zirconia/glass veneer thickness (0.5 mm and 1.0 mm) and implant abutment material (zirconia and titanium) on the final shade of implant restorations. A total of 60 identical implant restorations were fabricated and divided into four groups based on the combinations of veneer thickness and abutment material. The shade of each restoration was assessed using …

Investigating The Long-Term Success And Complication Rates Of Zirconia Dental Implants: A Prospective Clinical Study, Anuj Kishor Shukla, Mayank Priyadarshi, Nishu Kumari, Sonal Singh, Pallavi Goswami, Sparsh B Srivastava, Ramanpal S Makkad

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This study addresses the durability and complications of zirconia dental implants through a prospective clinical investigation. Zirconia implants are increasingly utilized in dental implantation, and a comprehensive understanding of their long-term performance is essential.

BACKGROUND: Zirconia dental implants have gained attention due to their biocompatibility and aesthetics. However, research on their extended success and complication rates is limited.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective clinical study involved the placement of 30 zirconia dental implants in patients requiring tooth replacement. The implants were followed up for five years. Success was defined as the implant remaining stable and functional. Complications, including peri-implant mucositis …

Racial Discrimination And Interpersonal Violence In Asian American Adolescents During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Yu Lu, Elizabeth Baumler, Leila Wood, Vi D Le, Shannon P Guillot-Wright, Jeff R Temple

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Racial discrimination targeting Asians in the United States has increased sharply since the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite a well-established link with mental/physical health outcomes, little is known about how racial discrimination relates to interpersonal violence, particularly in adolescents. To address this gap in knowledge, we examined cross-sectional and longitudinal (1-year follow-up) associations between racial discrimination and interpersonal violence perpetration and victimization in Asian American adolescents in a large US city.

METHODS: Data from Waves 3 (2020) and 4 (2021) of a randomized clinical trial of a school-based violence prevention program were examined. We limited our sample to participants who identified …

Risk Factors For Post-Discharge Adverse Outcomes Following Hospitalization Among Older Adults Diagnosed With Elder Mistreatment, Monique R Pappadis, Leila Wood, Allen Haas, Jordan Westra, Yong-Fang Kuo, Charles P Mouton

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Using 100% Medicare data files, this study explored whether primary elder mistreatment (EM) diagnosis, EM type, and facility type were associated with 3-year mortality and 1-year unplanned hospital readmission among older patients diagnosed with EM with hospital discharge from 10/01/2015 through 12/31/2018 (n = 11,023). We also examined outcome differences between older patients diagnosed with EM and matched non-EM patient controls. Neglect by others was the most common EM diagnosis. Three-year mortality was 56.7% and one-year readmission rate was 53.8%. Compared to matched non-EM patient controls, older EM patients were at an increased risk of mortality and readmission. Among …

Safety And Academic Outcomes Of College Campus-Based Advocacy Services, Rachel J Voth Schrag, Elizabeth Baumler, Dixie Hairston, Cynthia Jones, Leila Wood

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Intimate partner violence (IPV), sexual assault, and stalking are consequential public health and safety issues with wide reaching impacts on emerging adults, including those on college campuses in the United States. In response to high rates of violence among college student populations, universities are developing campus-based advocacy (CBA) programs, which aim to support survivors of interpersonal violence through supportive connections, resource acquisition, and safety planning. However, little data exists related to their impact on key student-survivor outcomes. Thus, this study aims to understand (a) the approach CBA programs use to address safety and academic concerns of student-survivors, and (b) the …

Large-Scale Investigation Of White Matter Structural Differences In Bilingual And Monolingual Children: An Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Data Study, Juliana Ronderos, Jennifer Zuk, Arturo E Hernandez, Kelly A Vaughn

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Emerging research has provided valuable insights into the structural characteristics of the bilingual brain from studies of bilingual adults; however, there is a dearth of evidence examining brain structural alterations in childhood associated with the bilingual experience. This study examined the associations between bilingualism and white matter organization in bilingual children compared to monolingual peers leveraging the large-scale data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Then, 446 bilingual children (ages 9-10) were identified from the participants in the ABCD data and rigorously matched to a group of 446 monolingual peers. Multiple regression models for selected language and cognitive …

Impact And Efficiency Of Treatment Across Two Ptsd Clinical Trials Comparing In-Person And Telehealth Service Delivery Formats, Cindy A Mcgeary, Leslie A Morland, Patricia A Resick, Casey L Straud, John C Moring, Min Ji Sohn, Margaret-Anne Mackintosh, Stacey Young-Mccaughan, Ron Acierno, Sheila A M Rauch, Jim Mintz, Donald D Mcgeary, Stephanie Y Wells, Kathleen Grubbs, Paul S Nabity, Chelsea J Mcmahon, Brett T Litz, Dawn I Velligan, Alexandra Macdonald, Emma Mata-Galan, Stephen L Holliday, Kirsten H Dillon, John D Roache, Alan L Peterson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The intent of this study is to examine treatment impact and efficiency observed when cognitive behavioral treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are delivered in-person or using telehealth. This study pooled data from 268 veterans enrolled in two PTSD clinical trials. In both trials, treatment was delivered using in-home telehealth (telehealth arm), in-home in-person (in-home arm), and in-office care, where patients traveled to the Department of Veterans Affairs for either office-based telehealth or office-based in-person care (office arm). Average age was 44 (SD = 12.57); 80.9% were males. The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) was used …

Biological Aging Markers In Blood And Brain Tissue Indicate Age Acceleration In Alcohol Use Disorder, Lea Zillich, Metin Cetin, Elisabeth M Hummel, Eric Poisel, Gabriel R Fries, Josef Frank, Fabian Streit, Jerome C Foo, Lea Sirignano, Marion M Friske, Bernd Lenz, Sabine Hoffmann, Kristina Adorjan, Falk Kiefer, Georgy Bakalkin, Anita C Hansson, Falk W Lohoff, Olli Kärkkäinen, Eloise Kok, Pekka J Karhunen, Greg T Sutherland, Consuelo Walss-Bass, Rainer Spanagel, Marcella Rietschel, Dirk A Moser, Stephanie H Witt

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with increased mortality and morbidity risk. A reason for this could be accelerated biological aging, which is strongly influenced by disease processes such as inflammation. As recent studies of AUD show changes in DNA methylation and gene expression in neuroinflammation-related pathways in the brain, biological aging represents a potentially important construct for understanding the adverse effects of substance use disorders. Epigenetic clocks have shown accelerated aging in blood samples from individuals with AUD. However, no systematic evaluation of biological age measures in AUD across different tissues and brain regions has been undertaken.

Methods: …

Multimorbidity Phenotypes In Ankylosing Spondylitis And Their Association With Disease Activity And Functional Impairment: Data From The Prospective Study Of Outcomes In Ankylosing Spondylitis Cohort, Paras Karmacharya, Cynthia S Crowson, Ryan J Lennon, Dilli Poudel, John M Davis, Alexis Ogdie, Jean W Liew, Michael M Ward, Mariko Ishimori, Michael H Weisman, Matthew A Brown, Mohammad H Rahbar, Mark C Hwang, John D Reveille, Lianne S Gensler

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: To examine the association of multimorbidity phenotypes at baseline with disease activity and functional status over time in ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods: Patient-reported AS morbidities (comorbidities, N = 28 and extra-musculoskeletal manifestations, EMMs, N = 3) within 3 years of enrollment with a prevalence ≥1 %, were included from the Prospective Study of Outcomes in Ankylosing Spondylitis (PSOAS) cohort. We defined multimorbidity as ≥2 morbidities (MM2+) and substantial multimorbidity as ≥5 morbidities (MM5+). Multimorbidity clusters or phenotypes were identified using K-median clustering. Disease activity (ASDAS-CRP) and functional status (BASFI) measures were collected every 6 months. Generalized estimating equation method …

Inspiring New Science To Guide Healthcare In Turner Syndrome: Rationale, Design, And Methods For The Insights Registry, Roopa Kanakatti Shankar, Alexandra Carl, Jennifer R Law, Vaneeta Bamba, Wendy J Brickman, Siddharth K Prakash, Tazim Dowlut Mcelroy, Susan Howell, Iris Gutmark Little, Karen O Klein, Catherina T Pinnaro, Kelly Ranallo, Marybel Good, Shanlee M Davis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Inspiring New Science to Guide Healthcare in Turner Syndrome (InsighTS) Registry is a national, multicenter registry for individuals with Turner syndrome (TS) designed to collect and store validated longitudinal clinical data from a diverse cohort of patients with TS. Herein, we describe the rationale, design, and approach used to develop the InsighTS registry, as well as the demographics of the initial participants to illustrate the registry's diversity and future utility. Multiple stakeholder groups have been involved from project conceptualization through dissemination, ensuring the registry serves the priorities of the TS community. Key features of InsighTS include recruitment strategies to facilitate …

Rationale And Design Of The Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network (Neptune) Match In Glomerular Diseases: Designing The Right Trial For The Right Patient, Today, Howard Trachtman, Hailey Desmond, Amanda L Williams, Laura H Mariani, Sean Eddy, Wenjun Ju, Laura Barisoni, Heather K Ascani, Wendy R Uhlmann, Cathie Spino, Lawrence B Holzman, John R Sedor, Crystal Gadegbeku, Lalita Subramanian, Chrysta C Lienczewski, Tina Manieri, Scott J Roberts, Debbie S Gipson, Matthias Kretzler, Neptune Investigators

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Glomerular diseases are classified using a descriptive taxonomy that is not reflective of the heterogeneous underlying molecular drivers. This limits not only diagnostic and therapeutic patient management, but also impacts clinical trials evaluating targeted interventions. The Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network (NEPTUNE) is poised to address these challenges. The study has enrolled >850 pediatric and adult patients with proteinuric glomerular diseases who have contributed to deep clinical, histologic, genetic, and molecular profiles linked to long-term outcomes. The NEPTUNE Knowledge Network, comprising combined, multiscalar data sets, captures each participant's molecular disease processes at the time of kidney biopsy. In this editorial, we …