Digital Commons Network^™

Lithium In The Acute Treatment Of Bipolar I Disorder: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study, R. L. Findling, A. Robb, N. K. Mcnamara, M. N. Pavuluri, V. Kafantaris, R. Scheffer, J. A. Frazier, M. Rynn, M. Delbello, R. A. Kowatch, B. M. Rowles, J. Lingler, K. Martz, R. Anand, T. E. Clemons, P. Taylor-Zapata

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Ua94/6/15 Student / Alumni Personal Papers Wku Dorris Hutchinson, Wku Archives

WKU Archives Collection Inventories

Correspondence and publications created by and about the Dorris Hutchison during her time at Sloan-Kettering Institute.

Uncovering Meanings Of Death, Trauma, And Loss As Experienced By Hospice Bereavement Coordinators: A Phenomenological Study, Rochelle S. Clarke

Department of Family Therapy Dissertations and Applied Clinical Projects

This study examined the experiences of Hospice Bereavement Coordinators (HBCs) and Hospice Chaplains working with grief narratives from patient-family units exhibiting signs of anticipatory or complicated grief. While a significant amount of research has been conducted on Hospice employees, no qualitative studies have examined the interpretation of meaning from employees whose primary role focused on the psychosocial-spiritual aspects of clients exhibiting anticipatory or complicated grief. The researcher identified shared meaning of death, trauma, and loss from six participants in the context of a high stress and high loss environment. This study‘s findings revealed ten central themes: Death is an earthly …

Effects Of Saw Palmetto On Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms From Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Michael Trimble

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

• Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is common in older males and can cause lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).

• Saw Palmetto, an herbal supplement, is normally implemented as an alternative medication to treat lower urinary tract symptoms associated with BPH.

• The review of literature evaluated studies comparing the effects and outcomes of Saw Palmetto versus commonly prescribed medications such as antiadrenergic agents.

• There are conflicting studies indicating Saw Palmetto’s efficacy on lower urinary tract symptoms and reduction of BPH.

• Saw Palmetto has no side effects, and is available at a low cost when compared to prescribed medications …

Progressive Cognitive Deficit, Motor Impairment And Striatal Pathology In A Transgenic Huntington Disease Monkey Model From Infancy To Adulthood, Anthony W. S. Chan, Jie Jiang, Yiju Chen, Chunxia Li, Melinda S. Prucha, Yijuan Hu, Tim Chi, Sean Moran, Tayeb Rahim, Shihua Li, Xiaojiang Li, Stuart M. Zola, Claudia M. Testa, Hui Mao, Rosa Villalba, Yoland Smith, Xiaodong Zhang, Jocelyne Bachevalier

Neurology Publications

One of the roadblocks to developing effective therapeutics for Huntington disease (HD) is the lack of animal models that develop progressive clinical traits comparable to those seen in patients. Here we report a longitudinal study that encompasses cognitive and motor assessment, and neuroimaging of a group of transgenic HD and control monkeys from infancy to adulthood. Along with progressive cognitive and motor impairment, neuroimaging revealed a progressive reduction in striatal volume. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 48 months of age revealed a decrease of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), further suggesting neuronal damage/loss in the striatum. Postmortem neuropathological analyses revealed significant neuronal loss in …

Identifying Cases Of Undiagnosed, Clinically Significant Copd In Primary Care: Qualitative Insight From Patients In The Target Population, Nancy K. Leidy, Katherine Kim, Elizabeth D. Bacci, Barbara P. Yawn, David M. Mannino, Byron M. Thomashow, R. Graham Barr, Stephen I. Rennard, Julia F. Houfek, Meilan K. Han, Catherine A. Meldrum, Barry J. Make, Russ P. Bowler, Anna W. Steenrod, Lindsey T. Murray, John W. Walsh, Fernando Martinez, High-Risk-Copd Screening Study Group

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

BACKGROUND: Many cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are diagnosed only after significant loss of lung function or during exacerbations.

AIMS: This study is part of a multi-method approach to develop a new screening instrument for identifying undiagnosed, clinically significant COPD in primary care.

METHODS: Subjects with varied histories of COPD diagnosis, risk factors and history of exacerbations were recruited through five US clinics (four pulmonary, one primary care). Phase I: Eight focus groups and six telephone interviews were conducted to elicit descriptions of risk factors for COPD, recent or historical acute respiratory events, and symptoms to inform the …

A Feasibility Pilot Study On The Use Of Complementary Therapies Delivered Via Mobile Technologies On Icelandic Surgical Patients' Reports Of Anxiety, Pain, And Self-Efficacy In Healing, Margaret M. Hansen Edd, Msn, Rn

Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Research and Publications

Background Complementary therapies (CT), such as relaxation technique, massage, guided imagery, and accupuncture have shown to benefit patients undergoing surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of using audio relaxation technique (ART), music intervention (MI), nature video application with music (NVAM), and nature video application without music (NVA) delivered via mobile technologies in a clinical setting. Secondary, the effects of ART, MI, NVAM and NVA on patients’ state anxiety, pain perception, and perceived self-efficacy in healing were determined. Methods A randomized clinical trial (RCT) involving 105 same day surgery (SDS) patients, who were assigned to an …

Management Of Siewert's Type Iii Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma In A 52 Year Old Female, Adam Bourgon, Minia Hellan, Rebecca N. Tuttle

Department of Surgery Faculty Publications

A 52 year old female presented with a Siewert's type III gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, laparoscopic-robotic total gastrectomy, and adjuvant chemoradiation.

A Dietary Intervention For Chronic Diabetic Neuropathy Pain: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study, A. E. Bunner, C. L. Wells, J. Gonzales, U. Agarwal, Elham Bayat, Neal D. Barnard

Neurology Faculty Publications

Background:

Diabetic neuropathy is a common and often debilitating condition for which available treatments are limited. Because a low-fat plant-based diet has been shown to improve glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes, we hypothesized that such a diet would reduce painful symptoms of diabetic neuropathy.

Methods:

In this 20-week pilot study, individuals with type 2 diabetes and painful diabetic neuropathy were randomly assigned to two groups. The intervention group was asked to follow a low-fat, plant-based diet, with weekly classes for support in following the prescribed diet, and to take a vitamin B12 supplement. The control group was …

Graduate Medical Education 2014-2015 Annual Report, Children's Mercy Hospital

GME Annual Reports

Annual report of the Children's Mercy Hospital Graduate Medical Education department, including pediatric residency, internal medicine/pediatrics residency, fellowship programs, medical students, continuing medical education, and library services.

The Effect Of Statins On Blood Gene Expression In Copd, Ma'en Obeidat, Nick Fishbane, Yunlong Nie, Virginia Chen, Zsuzsanna Hollander, Scottj Tebbutt, Yohan Bossé, Raymond T. Ng, Bruce E. Miller, Bruce Mcmanus, Stephen I. Rennard, Peter D. Paré, Don D. Sin

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

BACKGROUND: COPD is currently the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. Statins are lipid lowering agents with documented cardiovascular benefits. Observational studies have shown that statins may have a beneficial role in COPD. The impact of statins on blood gene expression from COPD patients is largely unknown.

OBJECTIVE: Identify blood gene signature associated with statin use in COPD patients, and the pathways underpinning this signature that could explain any potential benefits in COPD.

METHODS: Whole blood gene expression was measured on 168 statin users and 451 non-users from the ECLIPSE study using the Affymetrix Human Gene 1.1 ST microarray chips. …

Infographic: Why Oral Health In Older Adults Is Important, American Dental Association

Action for Dental Health

No abstract provided.

The Experiences Of Black American Older Adults Managing Pain: A Nursing Ethnography, Sheria Grice Robinson

Wayne State University Dissertations

Introduction: Pain can negatively affect quality of life for Black elders. They are less likely to report pain concerns and have voiced pain needs adequately met. To better understand the pain management experiences and concerns of Black elders, an ethnographic study was completed within an urban, low-income, elder housing facility. Methods: 106 participants completed a questionnaire comprised of a demographic tool, the PROMIS Global Health Scale (PROMIS), the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), and the Psychological Stress Measure (PSM-9). Additionally, participant observation, informal interviews, and 20 formal recorded interviews with individuals identified as having pain were completed. Qualitative and frequency analysis …

Quality Control Measures Over 30 Years In A Multicenter Clinical Study: Results From The Diabetes Control And Complications Trial / Epidemiology Of Diabetes Interventions And Complications (Dcct/Edic) Study., Gayle M Lorenzi, Barbara H Braffett, Valerie L Arends, Ronald P Danis, Lisa Diminick, Kandace A Klumpp, Anthony D Morrison, Elsayed Z Soliman, Michael W Steffes, Patricia A Cleary

GW Biostatistics Center

No abstract provided.

Prevalence Of Vitamin D Deficiency In Exclusively Breastfed Infants At The Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Nusrat. A. Said

Master of Medicine in Paediatrics and Child Health

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency in infants is a recognized cause of rickets. In the last few years, evidence has emerged of its association with lower respiratory tract infections, food allergy, type 1 diabetes, schizophrenia and various other extra skeletal health effects. Exclusively breastfed infants are especially vulnerable to vitamin D deficiency due to their dependence on previous trans-placental transfer of vitamin D from the mother, dietary vitamin D from breast milk and cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D on exposure to sunlight. The worldwide epidemic of Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and the low content of vitamin D in breast milk …

Existential Suffering And Cura Personalis: Dilemmas At The End-Of-Life, George P. Smith Ii

Scholarly Articles

Existential, or non-somatic suffering, is often associated with the management of refractory pain at the end-stage of life. Because of misleading sympathologies, this condition is often either mis-diagnosed or even ignored. When diagnosed as a part of a futile medical condition, this Paper argues that deep, palliative, or terminal sedation be offered to the distressed, dying patient as an efficacious and ethical response to preserving a semblance of human dignity in the dying process. Not only is this option of care humane and compassionate, it is consistent with the ideal of best patient care. The notion of care should not …

Parental Understanding Of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex, Pauline Samia, Kirsten A. Donald, Birgit Schlegel, Jo M. Wilmshurst

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Tuberous sclerosis complex is a genetic disorder with multisystem involvement that poses significant challenges to the affected child and family. Caregiver knowledge in the South African population has not previously been reported. A prospective study of the parents of 21 children with tuberous sclerosis complex was undertaken. Median parental age was 38 (interquartile range 34.5-45) years. Parents were randomly allocated to receive written information about the condition, or to receive verbal counselling already established in clinic. A significant difference (P ¼ .001) was observed in the change in the mean knowledge scores for the parent group that received written information …

The Role Of Occupational Therapy In Primary Care, Priti Patel

Occupational Therapy Doctorate Capstone Projects

The Capstone Project is focused on communicating, influencing and educating other health care professionals regarding the role of occupational therapy in the future model of primary care delivery initiated by the adoption of the Affordable Care Act and the Triple Aim Initiative. Currently, primary care, the largest health care platform in United States, is not inclusive of occupational therapy services. Occupational therapists have the scope, knowledge and understanding to be part of the redesigned team model of primary care. Educating those currently working in primary care about adding occupational therapy services can have a significant impact on the profession of …

Awareness Of Diabetes Risk Associated With Individuals 18 And Older, Rebecca Jane Boone

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The risk of developing Type 2 diabetes is increasing at epidemic proportions, and is 12-17% higher in Marion County Florida than it is across the state, based on Florida Department of Health statistics. The purpose of this DNP project was to determine if awareness of individual risk of developing Type 2 diabetes through a questionnaire would result in high-risk participants agreeing to attend a diabetes prevention program (DPP) at a local medical clinic. The health belief model and Rosswurm and Larrabee's model for change were used as frameworks. The review of the literature showed that prevention programs were highly effective …

Psychosocial Determinants Of Elective Cesarean Section Deliveries In Selected Obstetric Facilities In Nairobi, Kenya, Tom Joseph Oguta

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Cesarean section (CS) rates have generally increased across the world in the past decade. Reducing elective cesarean section (ECS) rates is imperative as many countries aim to maintain threshold CS rates at or below 15%, the level recommended by the United States' National Institutes of Health. Women are believed to consider ECS for various interconnected psychosocial reasons, but few quantitative studies have investigated these factors. This prospective cohort study was based on the social ecological model (SEM) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) models, and identified the psychosocial predictors of ECS among 1,268 expectant women in 2 hospitals in …

The Association Of Maternal Health Literacy Levels And Preterm Birth, Aimee Moynihan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

According to the CDC, each year approximately 0.06 % of the world's population dies in infancy. The March of Dimes indicated that the leading causes of infant mortality include birth defects, preterm birth, low birth weight, sudden infant death syndrome, maternal complications of pregnancy, and respiratory distress syndrome, most of which are considered preventable with access to adequate prenatal care by mothers. The goal of this study was to examine the association between maternal health literacy levels and preterm birth. This research was based on the theoretical framework of the Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior. The hypothesis for this …

Polio Eradication And Health Systems In Karachi: Vaccine Refusals In Context, Svea Closser, Rashid Jooma, Emma Varley, Naina Qayyum, Sonia Rodrigues, Akasha Sarwar, Patricia Omidian

Section of Neurosurgery

Community and health worker engagement will be key to polio eradication in Karachi, Pakistan. In this study, the authors conducted participant observation, interviews, and a document review in SITE Town, Karachi, an area that in recent years has harbored poliovirus. SITE’s diverse population includes large numbers of internally displaced persons who are disproportionately affected by polio and are more likely than other populations to refuse the polio vaccine. Vaccine acceptance and worker motivation in SITE Town were shaped by the discrepancy in funding and attention for polio eradication campaigns as compared with routine services. Parental vaccine refusals stemmed from a …

Obesity, Food Intake And Exercise: Relationship With Ghrelin, G. Tiryaki-Sonmez, Serife Vatansever, Burcin Olcucu, Brad J. Schoenfeld

Publications and Research

Obesity, a disorder of body composition, is defined by a relative or absolute excess of body fat. In general adult population, obesity has been associated with a diverse array of adverse health outcomes, including major causes of death such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, as well as functional impairment from problems such as osteoarthritis and sleep apnea. Ghrelin is a newly discovered peptide hormone which plays an important role in obesity. It is a powerful, endogenous orexigenic peptide and has a crucial function in appetite regulation, as well as short – and long-term energy homeostasis. In the presence of increased …

Discrimination Of Mild Cognitive Impairment And Alzheimer's Disease Using Transfer Entropy Measures Of Scalp Eeg, Joseph Mcbride, Xiaopeng Zhao, Nancy Munro, Gregory Jicha, Charles Smith, Yang Jiang

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a neurological condition related to early stages of dementia including Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study investigates the potential of measures of transfer entropy in scalp EEG for effectively discriminating between normal aging, MCI, and AD participants. Resting EEG records from 48 age-matched participants (mean age 75.7 years)-15 normal controls, 16 MCI, and 17 early AD-are examined. The mean temporal delays corresponding to peaks in inter-regional transfer entropy are computed and used as features to discriminate between the three groups of participants. Three-way classification schemes based on binary support vector machine models demonstrate overall discrimination accuracies …

Parenting Skills And Emotional Availability: An Rct, Aisha K. Yousafzai, Muneera A. Rasheed, Arjumand Rizvi, Robert Armstrong, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Objective: To investigate whether a responsive stimulation intervention delivered to caregivers of young children either alone or integrated with nutrition interventions would benefit parenting skills and emotional availability to promote children’s development and growth compared with either a nutrition intervention alone or the usual standard of care.

Methods: A cluster randomized factorial effectiveness trial was implemented in an impoverished community in Pakistan. The 4 trial arms were control (usual standard of care), responsive stimulation (responsive care and stimulation), enhanced nutrition (education and multiple micronutrients), and a combination of both enriched interventions. The 4 intervention packages were delivered by community health …

World Allergy Organization-Mcmaster University Guidelines For Allergic Disease Prevention (Glad-P): Probiotics, Alessandro Fiocchi, Ruby Pawankar, Carlos Cuello-Garcia, Kangmo Ahn, Suleiman Al-Hammadi, Arnav Agarwal, Kirsten Beyer, Wesley Burks, Giorgio W. Canonica, Motohiro Ebisawa, Shreyas Gandhi, Rose Kamenwa, Bee Wah Lee, Haiqi Li, Susan Prescott, John J. Riva, Lanny Rosenwasser, Hugh Sampson, Michael Spigler, Luigi Terracciano, Andrea Vereda-Ortiz, Susan Waserman, Juan José Yepes-Nuñez, Jan L. Brożek, Holger J. Schünemann

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Background: Prevalence of allergic diseases in infants, whose parents and siblings do not have allergy, is approximately 10% and reaches 20–30% in those with an allergic first-degree relative. Intestinal microbiota may modulate immunologic and inflammatory systemic responses and, thus, influence development of sensitization and allergy. Probiotics have been reported to modulate immune responses and their supplementation has been proposed as a preventive intervention.

Objective: The World Allergy Organization (WAO) convened a guideline panel to develop evidence-based recommendations about the use of probiotics in the prevention of allergy.

Methods: We identified the most relevant clinical questions and performed a systematic review …

Growing Up With Chronic Kidney Disease: What Parents And Children Really Want To Know, Uptal D. Patel, Debbie S. Gipson, Abiodun Aderogba Omoloja, Caitlin Wise Carter

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Adolescents with chronic kidney disease have specific questions about how their disease will affect their quality of life, but they may not always bring this up with their nephrologist. This session is designed to provide pediatricians and pediatric nephrologists with practical information to provide to adolescents with chronic kidney disease and their families. All providers who care for adolescents with renal disease need to be equipped to educate this high risk population and help them navigate through this vulnerable period. This session is designed to explore issues related to athletic participation, academic performance, substance use and abuse and sexual and …

Brca1 185delag Mutation Enhances Interleukin-1Β Expression In Ovarian Surface Epithelial Cells, Kamisha T. Woolery, Mai Mohamed, Rebecca J. Linger, Kimberly P. Dobrinski, Jesse Roman, Patricia A. Kruk

Pathology and Cell Biology Faculty Publications

Familial history remains the strongest risk factor for developing ovarian cancer (OC) and is associated with germline BRCA1 mutations, such as the 185delAG founder mutation. We sought to determine whether normal human ovarian surface epithelial (OSE) cells expressing the BRCA1 185delAG mutant, BRAT, could promote an inflammatory phenotype by investigating its impact on expression of the proinflammatory cytokine, Interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Cultured OSE cells with and without BRAT were analyzed for differential target gene expression by real-time PCR, western blot, ELISA, luciferase reporter, and siRNA assays. We found that BRAT cells expressed increased cellular and secreted levels of …

Impact Of Service Provision Platforms On Maternal And Newborn Health In Conflict Areas And Their Acceptability In Pakistan: A Systematic Review, Zohra S. Lassi, Wafa Aftab, Shabina Ariff, Rohail Kumar, Imtiaz Hussain, Nabiha Musavi, Zahid Memon, Sajid B. Soofi, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta

Woman and Child Health

Various models and strategies have been implemented over the years in different parts of the world to improve maternal and newborn health (MNH) in conflict affected areas. These strategies are based on specific needs and acceptability of local communities. This paper has undertaken a systematic review of global and local (Pakistan) information from conflict areas on platforms of health service provision in the last 10 years and information on acceptability from local stakeholders on effective models of service delivery; and drafted key recommendations for improving coverage of health services in conflict affected areas.

The literature search revealed ten studies that …

At What Age Should Screening Mammography Be Recommended For Asian Women?, Junko Tsuchida, Masayuki Nagahashi, Omar M. Rashid, Kazuaki Takabe, Toshifumi Wakai

Surgery Publications

Although regular screening mammography has been suggested to be associated with improvements in the relative survival of breast cancer in recent years, the appropriate age to start screening mammography remains controversial. In November 2009, the United States Preventive Service Task Force published updated guidelines for breast cancer, which no longer support routine screening mammography for women aged 40–49 years, but instead, defer the choice of screening in that age group to the patient and physician. The age to begin screening differs between guidelines, including those from the Task Force, the American Cancer Society and the World Health Organization. It remains …