Digital Commons Network^™

A Community Outreach Project Addressing Mental Health, Obesity, And Asthma In Underserved Saint Paul Youth, Anna Ehnstrom, Ellie Hoopman, Caitlin Olson

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Due to a lack of resources, awareness, and reinforcement of information, underserved youth are predisposed to unique health concerns. The health disparities prevalent among children living in poverty are many, but the topics of focus for this community outreach project include mental health, obesity, and asthma. Supplemental health education curriculum has the potential to alleviate the health disparities prevalent among such a vulnerable population (Thomas & Aggleton, 2016). To address the health disparities present specifically among underserved youth in St. Paul, MN, the group partnered with the after-school tutoring program at Central Baptist Church to provide education on the topics …

Smoking In The Homeless Population: Implementation Of A Smoking Cessation Program At The Union Gospel Mission Men’S Campus In St. Paul, Minnesota, Benjamin James Hageman, Chandler R. Hutton, Matthew Schull, Nathaniel Van Loon

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The health consequences of smoking disproportionately impact the homeless population. The homeless population has a higher rate of smoking (70%) than the general population (21%) and has a 5-fold decrease in smoking cessation success rates (Baggett & Rigotti, 2010). However, the percentage of homeless smokers who wish to quite is comparable with non-homeless populations (84% to 82% respectively) (Baggett, Lebrun-Harris, & Rigotti, 2013). The purpose of this community service project was to alleviate some of the smoking cessation barriers that homeless populations face, allowing them to pursue better health and greater independence. By partnering with the homeless shelter, Union Gospel …

Education And Support For Patients And Families With Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease: A Community Service Project, Dulcey Amaia Milek, Emily Josephine Petersen, Aimie Beth Seehafer

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

With any chronic illness, there may be difficulties that arise such as symptom control, medical management, and resource and support availability. In addition, pediatric populations may require more complex care due to the child’s continuing development, the need for family involvement, and the eventual transition into adult healthcare. With that, the purpose of the community service project was to provide education and support for families living with pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD), a chronic illness that affects children worldwide. By working with the National Kidney Foundation (NKF), the research team was able to build an educational track for the pediatric …

Integration Of Entrustable Professional Activities With The Milestones For Emergency Medicine Residents, D. Hart, D. Franzen, M. Beeson, R. Bhat, M. Kulkarni, L. Thibodeau, M. Weizberg, S. Promes

Journal Articles

© 2019 Hart et al. Introduction: Medical education is moving toward a competency-based framework with a focus on assessment using the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Milestones. Assessment of individual competencies through milestones can be challenging. While competencies describe characteristics of the person, the entrustable professional activities (EPAs) concept refers to work-related activities. EPAs would not replace the milestones but would be linked to them, integrating these frameworks. Many core specialties have already defined EPAs for resident trainees, but EPAs have not yet been created for emergency medicine (EM). This paper describes the development of milestone-linked EPAs for EM. …

Influence Of Bacterial Burden On Meibomian Gland Dysfunction And Ocular Surface Disease, A. Nattis, H. D. Perry, E. D. Rosenberg, E. D. Donnenfeld

Journal Articles

© 2019 Nattis et al. Purpose: Bacterial burden on the eyelid margin and within meibomian glands was evaluated for influence on specific ocular surface disease (OSD) markers across the meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) spectrum. Methods: In this prospective, observational, single-center study, 40 patients were divided into 4 equal groups of 10 that encompassed increasingly worse MGD/OSD categories. All patients answered the standard Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire, and underwent tear osmolarity testing (TOT), Schirmer 1, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) testing, meibography, and lissamine green staining. Cultures of eyelid margins and meibomian gland secretions were directly plated on blood, chocolate, and …

Prevalence Of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors In Childhood Glomerular Diseases, I. F. Ashoor, S. A. Mansfield, M. M. O'Shaughnessy, R. S. Parekh, J. Zee, T. L. Vasylyeva, A. J. Kogon, C. B. Sethna, L. M. Guay-Woodford, +170 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Hydroxyurea For Children With Sickle Cell Anemia In Sub-Saharan Africa, L. Tshilolo, G. Tomlinson, T. N. Williams, B. Santos, P. Olupot-Olupot, A. Lane, B. Aygun, S. E. Stuber, K. Mcelhinney, +59 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Demographics And Anthropometrics Impact Benefits Of Health Intervention: Data From The Reduce Obesity And Diabetes Project., L. Ostrowski, P. W. Speiser, S. Accacha, L. Altshuler, I. Fennoy, B. Lowell, R. Rapaport, W. Rosenfeld, S. P. Shelov, Road Group, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Objective:To determine the efficacy of a 4-month school-based health, nutrition and exercise intervention on body fatness and examine possible effects of demographic and anthropometric covariates. Methods:Height, weight, waist circumference and body composition were measured in a diverse population of 644 NYC middle school students (mean ± SD age 12.7 ± 0.9 years; 46% male; 38% Hispanic, 17% East Asian, 15% South Asian, 13.5% African American, 8.5% Caucasian, 8% other) during the fall and spring semesters. Year 1 participants (n = 322) were controls. Experimental participants (year 2, n = 469) received a 12-session classroom-based health and nutrition educational programme with …

Examination Of Fluconazole-Induced Alopecia In An Animal Model And Human Cohort, G. R. Thompson, C. R. Krois, V. K. Affolter, A. D. Everett, E. K. Varjonen, V. R. Sharon, A. Singapuri, M. Dennis, I. Mchardy, S. D. White, +6 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Pharmacological And Non-Pharmacological Interventions To Improve Physical Health Outcomes In People With Schizophrenia: A Meta-Review Of Meta-Analyses Of Randomized Controlled Trials, D. Vancampfort, J. Firth, C. U. Correll, M. Solmi, D. Siskind, M. De Hert, R. Carney, A. Koyanagi, A. F. Carvalho, F. Gaughran, B. Stubbs

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Dementia-Friendly Resources, Edward F. Ansello

Director's Editorials from Age in Action

While dementia caregiving challenges continue for individual caregivers and communities, Alzpossible.org and Dementia Friendly America (dfamerica.org) can offer immediate support and a hopeful vision.

Care Transitions: Empowering Older Adults With Post-Hospital Interventions, Karen Moeller

Case Studies from Age in Action

Educational Objectives

1. Understand how Care Transitions Interventions® (CTI®) can decrease hospital readmission rates among older adults, ages 60 and over.

2. Recognize how CTI® services assist older adults to stay in their homes after hospitalization for 30 days or more without unnecessary readmissions.

3. Appreciate examples of ways Senior Connections, The Capital Area Agency on Aging, collaborates with community partners.

4. Identify how Senior Connections refers older adults and caregivers to community resources for effective utilization and outcomes.

Potential Applications Of Capsaicinoids In Small Cell Lung Cancer Therapy, Jamie Rae Friedman

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer related mortality worldwide. Lung cancer is not a single disease but an umbrella that encompasses two major classifications, nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). SCLC represents about 15- 20% of all lung cancer cases and is almost exclusively diagnosed in smokers. Typically, patients will respond very well to first line treatment, but face inevitable relapse. The fact that SCLC still carries a grim 5-year survival rate of less than 5% highlights the lack of advancement in treatment options to effectively improve patient response and survival. …

Cecal Perforation In The Setting Of Campylobacter Jejuni Infection, Seema Jain, Weston Betrner, Dane Olevian, Dhiraj Yadav

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Campylobacter infection is the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, yet life-threatening complications are extremely rare. We present a 32-year-old previously healthy man who presented with dysentery from Campylobacter jejuni, which was complicated by cecal perforation and secondary bacterial peritonitis.

Meniscal Repair In Pediatric Populations: A Systematic Review Of Outcomes, Daniel J. Liechti, David S. Constantinescu, Taylor J. Ridley, Jorge Chahla, Justin J. Mitchell, Alexander R. Vap

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: Loss of meniscal tissue in the pediatric population can have long-term consequences on joint health, highlighting the importance of meniscal preservation in this group. Purpose: To systematically review reported knee outcome measures and complication rates after repair of meniscal tears in children and adolescents. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A review of the literature regarding the existing evidence for pediatric meniscal tear outcomes was performed through use of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed (1980-present), and MEDLINE (1980-present). Included were articles in English that reported the outcomes …

Global Climate Change And Invariable Photoperiods: A Mismatch That Jeopardizes Animal Fitness, William H. Walker Ii, Olga Hecmarie Meléndez‐Fernández, Randy J. Nelson, Russel J. Reiter

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The Earth's surface temperature is rising, and precipitation patterns throughout the Earth are changing; the source of these shifts is likely anthropogenic in nature. Alterations in temperature and precipitation have obvious direct and indirect ef‐ fects on both plants and animals. Notably, changes in temperature and precipita‐ tion alone can have both advantageous and detrimental consequences depending on the species. Typically, production of offspring is timed to coincide with optimal food availability; thus, individuals of many species display annual rhythms of reproductive function. Because it requires substantial time to establish or re‐establish reproduc‐ tive function, individuals cannot depend on the …

Modeling Human Cancer-Induced Cachexia, Erin E. Talbert, Maria C. Cuitin˜ O, Katherine J. Ladner, Priyani V. Rajasekerea, Melissa Siebert, Reena Shakya, Gustavo W. Leone, Michael C. Ostrowski, Brain Paleo, Noah Weisleder, Peter J. Reiser, Amy Webb, Cynthia D. Timmers, Daniel S. Eiferman, David C. Evans, Mary E. Dilhoff, Carl R. Schmidt

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Talbert et al. developed an inducible mouse model of cachexia caused by pancreatic cancer. This model exhibits features of the human condition, including the progressive depletion of muscle and adipose tissue associated with tumor progression.

Master Of Science In Anesthesia Fort Lauderdale, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Cardiovascular Risk Factor Control And Lifestyle Factors In Young To Middle-Aged Adults With Newly Diagnosed Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease, M. S. Garshick, G. D. Vaidean, A. Vani, J. A. Underberg, J. D. Newman, J. S. Berger, E. A. Fisher, E. Gianos

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

A 6-Year Trends Analysis Of Infections After Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty, P. A. Gold, L. J. Garbarino, N. Sodhi, H. K. Anis, J. O. Ehiorobo, S. M. Kurtz, J. R. Danoff, V. J. Rasquinha, C. A. Higuera, M. A. Mont

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Lumen Apposing Metal Stents Are Superior To Plastic Stents In Pancreatic Walled-Off Necrosis: A Large International Multicenter Study., Y. Chen, J. Yang, S. Friedland, I. Holmes, R. Law, A. Hosmer, D. V. Sejpal, S. Inamdar, A. J. Trindade, M. A. Khashab, +30 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Background and study aims  The use of lumen apposing metal stents (LAMS) during EUS-guided transmural drainage (EUS-TD) of pancreatic walled-off necrosis (WON) has gained popularity. Data supporting their use in WON over plastic stents (PS), however, remain scarce. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of LAMS (Axios, Boston Scientific) with PS in WON. Patients and methods  This was a multicenter, retrospective study involving 14 centers. Consecutive patients who underwent EUS-TD of WON (2012 - 2016) were included. The primary end point was clinical success defined as WON size ≤ 3 cm within a 6-month period …

Changes In Vedolizumab Utilization Across Us Academic Centers And Community Practice Are Associated With Improved Effectiveness And Disease Outcomes., J. L. Koliani-Pace, S. Singh, M. Luo, R. Hirten, S. Aniwan, G. Kochhar, S. Chang, Y. Gao, A. Swaminath, P. S. Dulai, +25 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND:Vedolizumab effectiveness estimates immediately after Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are limited by use in refractory populations. We aimed to compare treatment patterns and outcomes of vedolizumab in 2 time frames after FDA approval. METHODS:We used 2 data sets for time trend analysis, an academic multicenter vedolizumab consortium (VICTORY) and the Truven MarketScan database, and 2 time periods, May 2014-June 2015 (Era 1) and July 2015-June 2017 (Era 2). VICTORY cumulative 12-month clinical remission, corticosteroid-free remission, and mucosal healing rates, and Truven 12-month hospitalization and surgery rates, were compared between Eras …

Gastrointestinal Bleeding In Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A National Database Analysis., F. Siddiqui, M. Ahmed, S. Abbasi, A. Avula, A. H. Siddiqui, J. Philipose, H. M. Khan, T. M. Khan, L. Deeb, M. Chalhoub

Journal Articles

Background:The goal of our study was to determine the impact of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) on in-hospital outcomes among acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients, and subsequently determine the potential risk factors for the development of GIB. Methods:ARDS patients with and without GIB were identified using the National Inpatient Sample (2002 - 2012). Linear regression analysis was used to assess impact of GIB on in-hospital mortality, length of stay and total charges. Univariate logistic regression was used to determine associated odds ratios (OR) for causes of ARDS and common comorbid conditions. Results:We identified 149,190 ARDS patients. The incidence of GIB was …

Acute Esophageal Necrosis: A View In The Dark, H. Khan, M. Ahmed, M. Daoud, J. Philipose, S. Ahmed, L. Deeb

Journal Articles

© 2019 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel. Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN), also known as Gurvits syndrome, black esophagus, or acute necrotizing esophagitis, is a rare clinical entity and an unusual reason for upper gastrointestinal bleeding. It is typically described in critically ill patients with multiple medical conditions, arising from a combination of ischemic insult to the esophageal mucosa due to low-flow vascular states, corrosive injury caused by reflux of acid and pepsin, and decreased function of the mucosal barrier systems and reparative mechanisms as occurs in malnourished and debilitated physical states. Patients with AEN tend to be …

Lithium For The Maintenance Treatment Of Bipolar I Disorder: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Discontinuation Study, R. L. Findling, N. K. Mcnamara, M. Pavuluri, J. A. Frazier, M. Rynn, R. Scheffer, V. Kafantaris, A. Robb, M. Delbello, P. Taylor-Zapata, +7 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Differential Bacterial Colonization And Biofilm Formation On Punctal Occluders, M. Hadjiargyrou, E. D. Donnenfeld, L. M. Grillo, H. D. Perry

Journal Articles

© 2019 by the authors. Dry eye is a common condition that is treated primarily by topical lubricants, immunomodulation, and a variety of punctal and canalicular plugs (occluders). Biofilm formation has been reported as an ongoing problem with the clinical use of occluders. In order to explore the role of biofilm formation on occluders, we tested the bacteria strain, Staphylococcus aureus, with three different types of occluders, Delta R , Odyssey R , and Alphamed R . Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of these occluders revealed a variation in surface appearance, with Odyssey R being the smoothest (but with grooves), followed …

Homozygous Nlrp1 Gain-Of-Function Mutation In Siblings With A Syndromic Form Of Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis, S. B. Drutman, F. Haerynck, F. L. Zhong, D. Hum, N. J. Hernandez, S. Belkaya, F. Rapaport, S. J. De Jong, V. R. Bonagura, J. Laurent-Casanova, +13 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JRRP) is a rare and debilitating childhood disease that presents with recurrent growth of papillomas in the upper airway. Two common human papillomaviruses (HPVs), HPV-6 and -11, are implicated in most cases, but it is still not understood why only a small proportion of children develop JRRP following exposure to these common viruses. We report 2 siblings with a syndromic form of JRRP associated with mild dermatologic abnormalities. Whole-exome sequencing of the patients revealed a private homozygous mutation in NLRP1, encoding Nucleotide-Binding Domain Leucine-Rich Repeat Family Pyrin …

Equalization Of Four Cardiovascular Risk Algorithms After Systematic Recalibration: Individual-Participant Meta-Analysis Of 86 Prospective Studies, L. Pennells, S. Kaptoge, A. Wood, M. Sweeting, X. Zhao, I. White, S. Burgess, P. Willeit, K. W. Davidson, E. Di Angelantonio, +90 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2018 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. Aims There is debate about the optimum algorithm for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk estimation. We conducted head-to-head comparisons of four algorithms recommended by primary prevention guidelines, before and after 'recalibration', a method that adapts risk algorithms to take account of differences in the risk characteristics of the populations being studied. Methods and results Using individual-participant data on 360 737 participants without CVD at baseline in 86 prospective studies from 22 countries, we compared the Framingham risk score (FRS), Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), …

Cholinergic Control Of Inflammation, Metabolic Dysfunction, And Cognitive Impairment In Obesity-Associated Disorders: Mechanisms And Novel Therapeutic Opportunities, E. H. Chang, S. S. Chavan, V. A. Pavlovh

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Evidence For The Role Of Mindfulness In Cancer: Benefits And Techniques., R. Mehta, K. Sharma, L. Potters, A. G. Wernicke, B. Parashar

Journal Articles

Mindfulness is being used increasingly in various aspects of cancer management. Benefits of mindfulness practices are being observed to manage the adverse effects of treatment, symptoms from cancer progression, and the cost-effectiveness compared to conventional contemporary management strategies. In this review article, we present clinical trial data showing the benefits of mindfulness in various aspects of cancer management as well as techniques that have been commonly used in this practice.