Digital Commons Network^™

Technology-Enabled Health Care Collaboration In Pediatric Chronic Illness: Pre-Post Interventional Study For Feasibility, Acceptability, And Clinical Impact Of An Electronic Health Record–Linked Platform For Patient-Clinician Partnership, Shehzad Ahmed Saeed, Lisa Opipari-Arrigan, Dana M. H. Dykes, Sunny Thakkar, Lisa Burns, Barbara A. Chini, Gary L. Mcphail, Ian Eslick, Peter A. Margolis, Heather C. Kaplan

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Background: Mobile health (mHealth) technology has the potential to support the Chronic Care Model's vision of closed feedback loops and patient-clinician partnerships. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and short-term impact of an electronic health record-linked mHealth platform (Orchestra) supporting patient and clinician collaboration through real-time, bidirectional data sharing. Methods: We conducted a 6-month prospective, pre-post, proof-of-concept study of Orchestra among patients and parents in the Cincinnati Children's Hospital inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and cystic fibrosis (CF) clinics. Participants and clinicians used Orchestra during and between visits to complete and view patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures …

Provider Perception And Office Practices Of The Initial Prenatal Visit Pre – Coronavirus 2019 Pandemic, Arlin Delgado, Emma Hale, Jay Schulkin, Charles Macri, Kimberly Fryer

Florida Public Health Review

Background Prenatal Care is a critical aspect of women’s health and current literature shows adequate care significantly reduces risk of adverse outcomes. With scientific advancement, the initial prenatal visit is increasingly tasked with more objectives that leave providers with barriers to provide appropriate and adequate care.

Purpose The aim of this survey study was to determine clinical practices of the initial prenatal visit – regarding history taking, counseling, lab work and screening prior to the onset of COVID-19 Pandemic.

Methods A one-time anonymous provider survey was distributed electronically to all obstetrics providers in the Tampa Bay Region in Florida. Descriptive …

Resident-Led Physical Wellness Initiative Linked To Less Burnout For Emergency Physicians During Covid-19 Pandemic, Camila A. Calderón, Adeola A. Kosoko, Salil K. Bhandari, Jason A. Lesnick, Derek R. Herkes, Ryan M. Huebinger

Journal of Wellness

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has taken a significant toll on societal, physical, and psychological health. Emergency physicians (EPs) are susceptible to burnout under ordinary circumstances and may be particularly vulnerable during the pandemic. To reduce pandemic-related burnout, we implemented a residency-led physical wellness initiative and evaluated the effect on burnout among EPs.

Methods: In the spring of 2020, we invited all resident and attending EPs in our department to participate in a four-week physical wellness initiative as part of a prospective study. After completing or opting out of this wellness initiative, EPs responded to an online survey comprised …

Full Breastfeeding Protection Against Common Enteric Bacteria And Viruses: Results From The Mal-Ed Cohort Study, Benjamin J J. Mccormick, Stephanie A. Richard, Laura E. Murray-Kolb, Gagandeep Kang, Aldo A M. Lima, Estomih Mduma, Margaret N. Kosek, Elizabeth T Rogawski Mcquade, Eric R. Houpt, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Woman and Child Health

Background: Breastfeeding is known to reduce risk of enteropathogen infections, but protection from specific enteropathogens is not well characterized.
Objective: To estimate the association between full breastfeeding (days fed breast milk exclusively or with non-nutritive liquids) and enteropathogen detection.
Design: 2,145 newborns were enrolled in eight sites, of whom 1,712 had breastfeeding and key enteropathogen data through 6 months. We focused on eleven enteropathogens: adenovirus 40/41, norovirus, sapovirus, astrovirus, and rotavirus, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Campylobacter spp, and typical enteropathogenic E. coli as well as entero-aggregative E. coli, Shigella and Cryptosporidium. Logistic regression was used to estimate the risk of …

Examination Of Athlete Triad Symptoms Among Endurance-Trained Male Athletes: A Field Study, Erin M. Moore, Clemens Drenowatz, David F. Stodden, Kelly Pritchett, Thaddus C. Brodrick, Brittany T. Williams, Justin M. Goins, Toni M. Torres-Mcgehee

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Education and Professional Studies

Background: Studies examining the physiological consequences associated with deficits in energy availability (EA) for male athletes are sparse.

Purpose: To examine male athlete triad components; low energy availability (LEA) with or without an eating disorder risk (ED), reproductive hormone [testosterone (T)], and bone mineral density (BMD) in endurance-trained male athletes during different training periods.

Methods: A cross-sectional design with 14 participants (age: 26.4 ± 4.2 years; weight: 70.6 ± 6.4 kg; height: 179.5 ± 4.3 cm; BMI: 21.9 ± 1.8 kg/m2) were recruited from the local community. Two separate training weeks [low (LV) and high (HV) training volumes] were used …

The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Food Distribution At Emergency Food Assistance Organizations In The Southwestern United States: A Qualitative Investigation, Alexandra N Castro, Mamie A White, Ariun Ishdorj, Debbe Thompson, Jayna M Dave

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

This study aimed to identify changes in food distribution operations at emergency food assistance organizations (EFAOs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. EFAOs across the Houston metro area, TX (human service centers and food pantries) as well as the Houston Food Bank (HFB) participated in the qualitative study. Data were collected via individual semi-structured interviews and focus group (December 2020–February 2021), and coded using semi-structured thematic analysis. Categories were pre-identified based on the interview questions. Direct quotes supported subcategories. Directors from 18 EFAOs were interviewed; 8 HFB leadership staff participated in a focus group. Four major categories of change due to COVID-19 …

Comparison Of Pregnancy Complications In Unintended And Intended Pregnancy: A Prospective Follow-Up Study, Mitra Eftekhariyazdi, Malihe Mehrbakhsh, Mahboubeh Neamatshahi, Manijeh Yousefi Moghadam

BioMedicine

Background and Objectives: Unintended pregnancy, as a pregnancy that is mistimed, unplanned or unwanted at the time of conception, is a common experience worldwide that puts mothers at risk for mental stress and its pregnancy complications. The aim of this study was to compare three common pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia, preterm labor, and low birth weight, between unintended and intended pregnancies in Sabzevar, northeast Iran in 2019.

Materials and Methods: This prospective follow-up study was conducted on 200 pregnant women (100 intended and 100 unintended pregnancies) who were between 18 and 35 years old and were referred for …

Access To Care, Reporting Behaviors, And Quality Of Athletic Training Service Interactions For Reserve Officers' Training Corps Cadets, Mary Catherine Avey, Amy F. Hand, Nancy A. Uriegas, Allison B. Smith, Zachary K. Winkelmann

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Purpose: Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) programs prepare student-civilians to become leaders through strenuous physical and leadership training. Unlike their student-athlete counterparts who have direct access to athletic training services, ROTC cadets may or may not have a healthcare provider available. The purpose of this study was to examine the access to care and reporting behaviors of ROTC cadets with a secondary aim exploring the quality of healthcare service interactions relative to patient-centered care.

Methods: An online survey assessed access to care using a self-report tool on the type of medical providers available to the ROTC cadets (n=132, age=20±3 …

High-Fructose, High-Fat Diet Alters Muscle Composition And Fuel Utilization In A Juvenile Iberian Pig Model Of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Heather C Spooner, Stefani A Derrick, Magdalena Maj, Rodrigo Manjarín, Gabriella V Hernandez, Deepali S Tailor, Parisa S Bastani, Rob K Fanter, Marta L Fiorotto, Douglas G Burrin, Michael R La Frano, Angelos K Sikalidis, Jason M Blank

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a serious metabolic condition affecting millions of people worldwide. A “Western-style diet” has been shown to induce pediatric NAFLD with the potential disruption of skeletal muscle composition and metabolism. To determine the in vivo effect of a “Western-style diet” on pediatric skeletal muscle fiber type and fuel utilization, 28 juvenile Iberian pigs were fed either a control diet (CON) or a high-fructose, high-fat diet (HFF), with or without probiotic supplementation, for 10 weeks. The HFF diets increased the total triacylglycerol content of muscle tissue but decreased intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) content and the number of …

A Biocultural Analysis Of The Impacts Of Interactions Between West Africans And Europeans During The Trans-Atlantic Trade At Elmina, Ghana, Heidi Ellen Miller

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This project utilizes a biocultural approach to assess the demographics and health of the West African population from Elmina, Ghana. Elmina, selected by the Portuguese in 1482 as the site of the first European trade fort in sub-Saharan Africa, grew from a small coastal fishing village to a large settlement over the course of more than 400 years of trade and cultural entanglement. Taken over by the Dutch and then ceded to the British, the people of Elmina navigated significant cultural changes, changes and experiences that can be detected in their skeletal remains. Bioarchaeological research concerned with the effects of …

Scaling A Community-Wide Campaign Intervention To Manage Hypertension And Weight Loss, Belinda M. Reininger, Lisa A. Mitchell-Bennett, Minjae Lee, Paul G. Yeh, Amanda C. Davé, Soo Kyung Park, Tianlin Xu, Alma G. Ochoa-Del Toro

Physician Assistant Studies Faculty Publications

Public health impacts can be achieved when evidence-based interventions are implemented to those most in need. Too often implementation never or slowly occurs. The community-wide campaign intervention Tu Salud ¡Si Cuenta! has evidence of improving health outcomes related to chronic disease among low-income, Latinos. Using the RE-AIM Framework, this study examined if the scaled-up version of the intervention is associated with improvements in hypertension and obesity in 12 locations. Each element of the RE-AIM framework was examined. For "Effectiveness," we examined outcomes overall and by implementing location. We used linear and logistic regression to assess if exposure in the intervention …

Perspectives Of Black And Hispanic Children Living In Under-Resourced Communities On Meal Preparation And Grocery Shopping Behaviors: Implications For Nutrition Education, Chishinga Callender, Denisse Velazquez, Meheret Adera, Jayna M Dave, Norma Olvera, Tzuan A Chen, Shana Alford, Debbe Thompson

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Minority children living in under-resourced communities are at the greatest risk for obesity and poor diet quality. Child involvement in meal preparation may be a helpful strategy to improve diet quality. This paper explores minority children's perspectives regarding this. Eighteen children participated in a mixed methods study (online surveys, telephone interviews). Descriptive statistics were calculated for child demographic and psychosocial factors. Thematic analysis was used to code and analyze the interviews. Most children reported having cooking experience (83%) and cooking with family (94%) and exhibited high cooking self-efficacy (21.8 ± 2.9) and positive cooking attitudes (25.7 ± 4.4). Children reported …

Overcoming The Covid-19 Pandemic For Dementia Research: Engaging Rural, Older, Racially And Ethnically Diverse Church Attendees In Remote Recruitment, Intervention And Assessment, Lisa Kirk Wiese, Ishan C. Williams, Nancy E. Schoenberg, James E. Galvin, Jennifer Lingler

Behavioral Science Faculty Publications

Background: Access to cognitive screening in rural underserved communities is limited and was further diminished during the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined whether a telephone-based cognitive screening intervention would be effective in increasing ADRD knowledge, detecting the need for further cognitive evaluation, and making and tracking the results of referrals.

Method: Using a dependent t-test design, older, largely African American and Afro-Caribbean participants completed a brief educational intervention, pre/post AD knowledge measure, and cognitive screening.

Results: Sixty of 85 eligible individuals consented. Seventy-percent of the sample self-reported as African American, Haitian Creole, or Hispanic, and 75% were female, with an average …

Micronutrient Supplements Can Promote Disruptive Protozoan And Fungal Communities In The Developing Infant Gut, Ana Popovic, Celine Bourdon, Pauline W. Wang, David S. Guttman, Sajid Bashir Soofi, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Robert H J. Bandsma, John Parkinson, Lisa G. Pell

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

Supplementation with micronutrients, including vitamins, iron and zinc, is a key strategy to alleviate child malnutrition. However, association of gastrointestinal disorders with iron has led to ongoing debate over their administration. To better understand their impact on gut microbiota, we analyse the bacterial, protozoal, fungal and helminth communities of stool samples collected from a subset of 80 children at 12 and 24 months of age, previously enrolled into a large cluster randomized controlled trial of micronutrient supplementation in Pakistan (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00705445). We show that while bacterial diversity is reduced in supplemented children, vitamins and iron (as well as …

Dermatomyositis- Related Intestinal Dysmotility, Christine Loftis, Rosa White, Emilia C. Dulgheru

School of Medicine Publications

Dermatomyositis (DM) is an inflammatory myopathy (IIM) characterized by proximal muscle weakness and pathognomonic skin lesions. A 69-year-old woman with a recent diagnosis of DM 1 month prior, treated with corticosteroids and immunomodulators, presented to our inpatient rehabilitation with worsening dysphagia and constipation. At the time of our evaluation, physical examination was notable for erythematous papules over the metacarpophalangeal joints, proximal interphalangeal joints, elbows, and knees as well as a violaceous rash on the face. Muscle strength was diminished bilaterally with proximal distribution being affected greater than distal. Laboratory studies were notable for the creatine kinase (CK) level of 31 …

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 95), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Adding Family Digital Supports To Classroom-Based Physical Activity Interventions To Target In-And Out-Of-School Activity: An Evaluation Of The Stay Active Intervention Duringthe Covid-19 Pandemic, Bethany Forseth Hanson, Adrian Ortega, Paul R. Hibbing, Mallory Moon, Chelsea Steel, Mehar Singh, Avinash Kollu, Bryce Miller, Maurice Miller, Vincent S. Staggs, Hannah Calvert, Ann M. Davis, Jordan A. Carlson

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Introduction: Interventions targeting multiple levels of influence and settings may have a greater impact on children’s total daily physical activity than those targeting a single setting. This study evaluated the addition of family supports to a classroom-based physical activity intervention.

Methods: 6 schools were randomized to a remotely delivered classroom-based physical activity only (CBPA) or classroom-based physical activity plus family (CBPA+) arm. The latter added behavior change tools (e.g., self-regulation) delivered via text messages and newsletters to caregiver/child dyads. The intervention lasted for 7 weeks with a 1-week baseline and 1-week post-intervention assessment (9 weeks total). Children who enrolled in …

Gαi/O-Coupled Htr2c In The Paraventricular Nucleus Of The Hypothalamus Antagonizes The Anorectic Effect Of Serotonin Agents, Eun-Seon Yoo, Li Li, Lin Jia, Caleb C Lord, Charlotte E Lee, Shari G Birnbaum, Claudia R Vianna, Eric D Berglund, Kathryn A Cunningham, Yong Xu, Jong-Woo Sohn, Chen Liu

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

The anorexigenic effect of serotonergic compounds has largely been attributed to activation of serotonin 2C receptors (Htr2cs). Using mouse genetic models in which Htr2c can be selectively deleted or restored (in Htr2c-null mice), we investigate the role of Htr2c in forebrain Sim1 neurons. Unexpectedly, we find that Htr2c acts in these neurons to promote food intake and counteract the anorectic effect of serotonergic appetite suppressants. Furthermore, Htr2c marks a subset of Sim1 neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH). Chemogenetic activation of these neurons in adult mice suppresses hunger, whereas their silencing promotes feeding. In …

The Efficacy Of A Personalized Mhealth Coaching Program During Pregnancy On Maternal Diet, Supplement Use, And Physical Activity: Protocol For A Parallel-Group Randomized Controlled Trial, Rozina Nuruddin, Khadija Vadsaria, Nuruddin Badruddin Mohammed, Saleem Sayani

Community Health Sciences

Background: Adequate intake of macro- and micronutrients and adoption of an active lifestyle during pregnancy are essential for optimum maternal and fetal health and offspring development. Dietary counseling and advice regarding adequate physical activity are integral components of antenatal care. Personalized coaching through the use of mobile health (mHealth) that supports behavior modification is an innovative approach that needs exploration.
Objective: Our primary aim is to assess the efficacy of an mHealth program in improving diet, supplement use, and physical activity during pregnancy. Secondary objectives include evaluation of the program's effect on maternal and offspring health outcomes and assessment of …

Bipolar I And Bipolar Ii Subtypes In Older Age: Results From The Global Aging And Geriatric Experiments In Bipolar Disorder (Gage-Bd) Project, Farren Briggs, Martha Sajatovic, Kaylee Sarna, Joy Yala

Faculty Scholarship

Objectives: The distinction between bipolar I disorder (BD-I) and bipolar II disorder (BD-II) has been a topic of long-lasting debate. This study examined differences between BD-I and BD-II in a large, global sample of OABD, focusing on general functioning, cognition and somatic burden as these domains are often affected in OABD. Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted with data from the Global Aging and Geriatric Experiments in Bipolar Disorder (GAGE-BD) database. The sample included 963 participants aged ≥50 years (714 BD-I, 249 BD-II). Sociodemographic and clinical factors were compared between BD subtypes including adjustment for study cohort. Multivariable analyses were conducted …

Conflict, Extremism, Resilience And Peace In South Asia; Can Covid-19 Provide A Bridge For Peace And Rapprochement?, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Arun Mitra, Afsah Salman, Fawad Akbari, Suraya Dalil, Fyezah Jehan, Mushtaque Chowdhury, Saroj Jayasinghe, Purnima Menon, Samiran Nundy

Institute for Global Health and Development

Abstract, issue, and pagination are not provided by the author/publisher

Examining Eating Attitudes And Behaviors In Collegiate Athletes, The Association Between Orthorexia Nervosa And Eating Disorders, Nancy A. Uriegas, Zachary K. Winkelmann, Kelly Pritchett, Toni M. Torres-Mcgehee

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Education and Professional Studies

Purpose: Orthorexia nervosa (Orthorexia) is an eating attitude and behavior associated with a fixation on healthy eating, while eating disorders (EDs) are clinically diagnosed psychiatric disorders associated with marked disturbances in eating that may cause impairment to psychosocial and physical health. The purpose of this study was to examine risk for Orthorexia and EDs in student-athletes across sex and sport type and determine the association between the two.

Methods: Student-athletes (n = 1,090; age: 19.6 ± 1.4 years; females = 756; males = 334) completed a survey including demographics, the ORTO-15 test (values), the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26; >20 …

Alterations In Functional Connectivity Measured By Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging And The Relationship With Heart Rate Variability In Subjects After Performing Orgasmic Meditation: An Exploratory Study, Andrew B. Newberg, Nancy Wintering, Chloe Hriso, Faezeh Vedaei, Marie Stoner, Reneita Ross

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

Background: We measured changes in resting brain functional connectivity, with blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), associated with a creative meditation practice that is augmented by clitoral stimulation and is designed to not only achieve a spiritual experience but to help individuals manage their most intimate personal relationships. Briefly, the meditative state is attained by both the male and female participants while the male stimulates the woman's clitoris. The goal of this practice, called orgasmic meditation (OM), according to the practitioners is not sexual, but to use the focus on clitoral stimulation to facilitate a meditative …

The First Pediatric Heart Transplantation In Saudi Arabia Bridged By Berlin Heart (Excor) Ventricular Assist Device, Abdullah A. Alghamdi Md, Msc, Frcsc, Hatem Elmontaser Md, Ahmed A. Arifi Md, Joao Dantas Msn, Muayed A. Al-Zaibag Md

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Pediatric patients on the waiting list for heart transplantation incur the highest risk of death for any organ transplantation. Berlin Heart EXCOR provides a reliable support as a bridge to heart transplantation or recovery for all pediatric age groups. We report the first successful experience of Berlin Heart EXCOR mechanical circulatory support and heart transplantation in pediatric patients in Saudi Arabia. The purpose of this report is to highlight the clinical events and share lessons learned from this endeavor.

Postoperative Outcomes In Oesophagectomy With Trainee Involvement., Oesophago-Gastric Anastomosis Study Group (Ogaa) On Behalf Of The West Midlands Research Collaborative

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The complexity of oesophageal surgery and the significant risk of morbidity necessitates that oesophagectomy is predominantly performed by a consultant surgeon, or a senior trainee under their supervision. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of trainee involvement in oesophagectomy on postoperative outcomes in an international multicentre setting.

METHODS: Data from the multicentre Oesophago-Gastric Anastomosis Study Group (OGAA) cohort study were analysed, which comprised prospectively collected data from patients undergoing oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer between April 2018 and December 2018. Procedures were grouped by the level of trainee involvement, and univariable and multivariable analyses were performed …

Breastfeeding And Risk Of Overweight In Childhood And Beyond: A Systematic Review With Emphasis On Sibling-Pair And Intervention Studies, Kathryn G Dewey, Darcy Güngör, Sharon M Donovan, Emily M Madan, Sudha Venkatramanan, Teresa A Davis, Ronald E Kleinman, Elsie M Taveras, Regan L Bailey, Rachel Novotny, Nancy Terry, Gisela Butera, Julie Obbagy, Janet De Jesus, Eve Stoody

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding is associated with a lower risk of subsequent overweight or obesity, but it is uncertain whether this is a causal relation because most studies have not adequately reduced risk of bias due to confounding.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this review was to examine whether 1) ever compared with never consuming human milk and 2) different durations of human milk consumption among infants fed human milk are related to later risk of overweight or obesity, with emphasis on sibling-pair and intervention studies.

METHODS: The 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, together with the Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review team, conducted a …

Physical Activity And Fat-Free Mass During Growth And In Later Life, Klaas R Westerterp, Yosuke Yamada, Hiroyuki Sagayama, Philip N Ainslie, Lene F Andersen, Liam J Anderson, Lenore Arab, Issaad Baddou, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Ellen E Blaak, Stephane Blanc, Alberto G Bonomi, Carlijn V C Bouten, Pascal Bovet, Maciej S Buchowski, Nancy F Butte, Stefan G J A Camps, Graeme L Close, Jamie A Cooper, Sai K Das, Richard Cooper, Lara R Dugas, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W Fudge, Annelies H Goris, Michael Gurven, Catherine Hambly, Asmaa El Hamdouchi, Marije B Hoos, Sumei Hu, Noorjehan Joonas, Annemiek M Joosen, Peter Katzmarzyk, Kitty P Kempen, Misaka Kimura, William E Kraus, Robert F Kushner, Estelle V Lambert, William R Leonard, Nader Lessan, Corby K Martin, Anine C Medin, Erwin P Meijer, James C Morehen, James P Morton, Marian L Neuhouser, Theresa A Nicklas, Robert M Ojiambo, Kirsi H Pietiläinen, Yannis P Pitsiladis, Jacob Plange-Rhule, Guy Plasqui, Ross L Prentice, Roberto A Rabinovich, Susan B Racette, David A Raichlen, Eric Ravussin, Rebecca M Reynolds, Susan B Roberts, Albertine J Schuit, Anders M Sjödin, Eric Stice, Samuel S Urlacher, Giulio Valenti, Ludo M Van Etten, Edgar A Van Mil, Jonathan C K Wells, George Wilson, Brian M Wood, Jack Yanovski, Tsukasa Yoshida, Xueying Zhang, Alexia J Murphy-Alford, Cornelia U Loechl, Amy H Luke, Herman Pontzer, Jennifer Rood, Dale A Schoeller, William W Wong, John R Speakman

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

BACKGROUND: Physical activity may be a way to increase and maintain fat-free mass (FFM) in later life, similar to the prevention of fractures by increasing peak bone mass.

OBJECTIVES: A study is presented of the association between FFM and physical activity in relation to age.

METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, FFM was analyzed in relation to physical activity in a large participant group as compiled in the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water database. The database included 2000 participants, age 3-96 y, with measurements of total energy expenditure (TEE) and resting energy expenditure (REE) to allow calculation of physical …

Trends And Disparities In Osteoarthritis Prevalence Among Us Adults, 2005–2018, Yingke Xu, Qing Wu

Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine Faculty Research

Studies reporting trends and disparities of osteoarthritis (OA) in the United States are limited. We aimed to examine trends and disparities of OA prevalence among US adults, from 2005 to 2018. Continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2005–2006 to 2017–2018 were analyzed. Age-adjusted and self-reported OA prevalence, stratified by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES), was calculated separately for men and women. The linear trend and the association between the survey cycles and OA prevalence were assessed. Age-adjusted and self-reported OA prevalence linearly increased in the seven survey cycles (both Plinear trend ≤ 0.0002) in men and …

Apoe Gene Associated With Cholesterol-Related Traits In The Hispanic Population, Stephanie Lozano, Victoria I. Padilla, Manuel Lee Avila, Mario Gil, Gladys E. Maestre, Kesheng Wang, Chun Xu

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications

Genetic variants in the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene are associated with lipid metabolism and lipid-related traits in the non-Hispanic population. There have been limited studies regarding the association between the APOE gene and hypercholesterolemia in the Hispanic population; therefore, our aim for this study is to examine the APOE gene’s associations with cholesterol level and its related phenotypes. The APOE gene consists of three different alleles, ε2, ε3, and ε4, with ε4 being associated with dementia and cardiovascular diseases. A total of 1,382 subjects were collected from the Texas Alzheimer’s Research and Care Consortium (TARCC, N = 1320) and the …

Distance From Healthcare Facilities Is Associated With Increased Morbidity Of Acute Infection In Pediatric Patients In Matiari, Pakistan, Elise Corden, Saman Hasan Siddiqui, Yash Sharma, Sheraz Ahmed, Fayyaz Umrani, Najeeb Rahman, Rafey Ali, Najeeha Talat Iqbal, Syed Asad Ali, Sana Syed

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

The relationship between environmental factors and child health is not well understood in rural Pakistan. This study characterized the environmental factors related to the morbidity of acute respiratory infections (ARIs), diarrhea, and growth using geographical information systems (GIS) technology. Anthropometric, address and disease prevalence data were collected through the SEEM (Study of Environmental Enteropathy and Malnutrition) study in Matiari, Pakistan. Publicly available map data were used to compile coordinates of healthcare facilities. A Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to calculate the correlation between distance from healthcare facilities and participant growth and morbidity. Other continuous variables influencing these …