Digital Commons Network^™

Ideal Body Weight And Body Fat Percentage Predict Relative Energy Deficiency In Sport (Red-S) Scores In Collegiate Athletes, Emily Norman

Theses and Dissertations--Nutrition and Food Systems

Background: Low energy availability (LEA) is the underlying cause of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) which negatively affects athletes' physiological function, health, and performance. RED-S results from inadequate dietary intake to support energy expenditure for daily living, growth, and optimal performance. It occurs in both male and female athletes, with or without disordered eating. However, screening and diagnosis in athletes can be difficult. Objective: This study aims to identify strong predictors of RED-S and assess its prevalence in collegiate male and female athletes. Methods: A total of 270 NCAA athlete test points from mixed sports were evaluated for RED-S …

Graduate Medical Education Annual Report 2022-2023, Children's Mercy Kansas City

GME Annual Reports

Annual report of the Children's Mercy Hospital Graduate Medical Education department, including pediatric residency, internal medicine/pediatrics residency, fellowship programs, medical students, continuing medical education, and library services.

Home-Based Primary Care In Patients With Dementia: Impact On Cost, Medication Use, And Patient Satisfaction, Megan O'Leary

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: Individuals living with dementia deserve affordable, accessible, and effective healthcare. These patients often face barriers that make it difficult to consistently access traditional in office primary care. Home-based primary care (HBPC) holds the opportunity to bridge the gap between individuals with dementia and preventative healthcare resources.

Purpose: Dementia rates are increasing as the population ages, and additional research is needed to determine the optimal treatment model for individuals with dementia. This literature review evaluates if patients with dementia receive improved care with HBPC vs in office primary care through examining cost, medication use and compliance, and patient satisfaction.

Methods: …

Growing Pains: A Needs-Based Assessment Of Aging In Place In The Twin Cities, Emma Burt

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: As they age, older adults are often forced to change their living environments to accommodate their growing medical and personal needs. However, alternative living options are often less desired and present other challenges. Aging in place is the ability for individuals to choose where they live as they age, prioritizing the aging person’s choice and providing resources to support it. Purpose: The Twin Cities metropolitan area of Minnesota currently has a population of nearly 472,000 older individuals, and it is only continuing to rise. Although infrastructure exists that supports aging in place, not all older individuals get adequate services …

A Systematic Review Of Sodium Intake And Its Impact On Cardiovascular Health: Insights From Costa Rican Studies, Benjamin M. Hillebrand

Theses and Graduate Projects

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with dietary sodium intake identified as a critical risk factor. This systematic review comprehensively examines the existing literature on sodium intake and its impact on cardiovascular health in Costa Rica. Fifteen relevant studies were analyzed, revealing concerning patterns of sodium consumption, particularly among youngsters and adolescents, with processed and fast foods being major contributors. High sodium intake was consistently associated with elevated blood pressure, a well-established CVD risk factor. The review also assessed sodium reduction initiatives and strategies, demonstrating the potential benefits of interventions in reducing cardiovascular risk. …

Research Annual Report Fy2023, Children's Mercy Kansas City

Research Annual Reports

Annual report of the research at Children's Mercy Kansas City in Kansas City MO, a pediatric medical center.

Novel Esophageal Perforation, Alexandra Moran, Bhavesh Shukla, Jeffrey Ramsey, Gregory Hicks

Continental, MidAmerica, & Mountain Divisions GME Research Day 2023

No abstract provided.

Severe Thromboembolic Events In Two Pediatric Patients Diagnosed With Ulcerative Colitis (Uc) And Recently Initiated Adalimumab Therapy: A Case Series, Kelly Powell, Shreya Patel, Megan Tate, Abby Alaine Unger, Abigail Haythorn

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2023

No abstract provided.

Improving Patient Knowledge On Exercise And Dietary Recommendations: Quality Improvement In An Outpatient Setting, Shannon Mcmenamin, Nicky Chopra

TriStar Division Research Day 2023

No abstract provided.

Rare Case Of Aortic Valve Endocarditis Causing Inferior Stemi, William Zvagelsky, Marcarthur Limpiado, Shruti Verma, Minar Rane, Emadeldeen Elgwairi, Rajendran Sabapathy

Continental, MidAmerica, & Mountain Divisions GME Research Day 2023

No abstract provided.

Wernicke Encephalopathy: Interplay Between Magnesium And Thiamine, Richard Allen Gorman Ii, Mark Stine, Rafael Vaello, Patrick J. Stocker

West Florida Division GME Research Day 2023

No abstract provided.

A Case Of Hyperkalemia Secondary To Table Salt Alternative In A Patient With Normal Renal Function, Souhil M. Jaafil, Laura Tortora, Erin Marra, Steven Shapiro

East Florida Division GME Research Day 2023

Introduction: Hyperkalemia is a commonly presenting electrolyte derangement, usually secondary to chronic kidney disease or medication use. In one retrospective study by Singer et al of 100,260 Emergency Department (ED) patient visits it was found that 1 in 11 ED patients presented with a potassium derangement (1). Patients can present in various ways, from asymptomatic to life threatening arrhythmias. A less commonly recognized cause of hyperkalemia is dietary substitutions for everyday table salt. Ayach et al reported a patient with potassium of 9.8 mmol/L secondar to dietary substitutions but with acute kidney injury and ACE inhibitor use (2). Through a …

Patient-Specific Analysis Of Aortic Hemodynamics And Wall Shear Stresses In Patients Undergoing Pediatric Bariatric Surgery Using 2d Phase-Contrast Mri, Oluwaferanmi S. Akande, Joao Soares, Nathan Hargan, Dr. Uyen Truong, Haeung Kang, David Lanning

UROP Posters

Patient-Specific Analysis of Aortic Hemodynamics and Wall Shear Stresses in Patients Undergoing Pediatric Bariatric Surgery using 2D Phase-Contrast MRI

Feranmi Akande¹ Nathan Hargan² Haesung Kang³ David Lanning³ Uyen Truong⁴ João S. Soares¹

¹ Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University

² Department of Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University

³ Department of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Richmond, Virginia Commonwealth University

Introduction: Severe obesity among today’s youth is a rising epidemic within the United States. Emerging research has linked childhood obesity with shortened life expectancy and early …

Health-Related Quality Of Life Of Children With Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease After Nissen Fundoplication And Gastrostomy Tube Insertion, Felix Musibi, Stanley Mugambi, Pauline Samia, Waceke Nganga

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Introduction: Severe gastro‑oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is associated with a poor health‑related quality of life (HRQoL). Nissen fundoplication is the most common surgical procedure for patients with GERD. A feeding gastrostomy tube may be inserted at the same time in selected patients where there are unsafe swallowing and/or feeding difficulties. The goals of surgery are to eliminate symptoms, prevent reflux complications and ultimately improve the quality of life. The main objective of this study was to assess the HRQoL of children with GERD after Nissen fundoplication and gastrostomy tube insertion.

Materials and Methods: This was an observational retrospective cohort study …

Understanding Inflammation, Immunity, And Infection, Jeff Vasiloff, Md, Mph

OHIO Open Faculty Textbooks

Inflammation, immunity, and infection explained by Jeffrey Vasiloff, MD, MPH, Associate Clinical Professor, PA Program; Adjunct Professor, PT Program, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University Dublin Medical Campus; Physician Consultant: Ohio Association of Physician Assistants; Physician Volunteer: Franklin County & Columbus Medical Reserve Corps; Board Certification: Internal Medicine & Diabetes and Endocrinology.

Perioperative Anesthesia Optimization Can Be Life Saving In Mitochondrial Disease: A Case Report, Christian Schroeder, Ethan Mosley, Austin Mccrea, Saptarshi Biswas

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2023

No abstract provided.

Educating Oncology Nurses On Identifying And Managing Cancer-Related Distress, Rosemary Vivella Irish

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractUp to 50% of patients diagnosed with cancer will experience significant levels of distress. Cancer is related to psychological distress and can negatively impact recovery from surgery, increase treatment side effects, and decrease overall quality of life. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommended screening for distress as part of comprehensive cancer care. In the practice setting, there was a need for better assessment of distress in cancer patients. The purpose of this staff education project was to address a gap in practice regarding the lack of knowledge of screening for distress by providing education to oncology nurses on how to …

Evaluating The Impact Of Using A Wound-Specific Oral Nutritional Supplement To Support Wound Healing In A Rehabilitation Setting, Rya K Clark, Argyrios Stampas, Kirk W Kerr, Jeffrey L Nelson, Suela Sulo, Luis Leon-Novelo, Esther Ngan, Dehuti Pandya

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Chronic wounds adversely affect patient quality of life, increase the risk of mortality, and impose high costs on healthcare systems. Since protein-energy malnutrition or specific nutrient deficiencies can delay wound healing, nutritionally focused care is a key strategy to help prevent or treat the occurrence of non-healing wounds. The objective of our study of inpatients in a rehabilitation hospital was to quantify the effect of daily wound-specific oral nutritional supplementation (WS-ONS) on healing chronic wounds. Using electronic medical records, we conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with chronic wounds. We identified records for (a) a treatment group who received standard …

Relative Adrenal Insufficiency Is A Risk Factor And Endotype Of Sepsis - A Proof-Of- Concept Study To Support A Precision Medicine Approach To Guide Glucocorticoid Therapy For Sepsis, Chia-Hua Wu, Ling Guo, Dan Hao, Qian Wang, Xiang Ye, Misa Ito, Bin Huang, Chieko Mineo, Philip W. Shaul, Xiang-An Li

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

Introduction: 25-60% of septic patients experience relative adrenal insufficiency (RAI) and glucocorticoid (GC) is frequently used in septic patients. However, the efficacy of GC therapy and whether GC therapy should be based on the status of RAI are highly controversial. Our poor understanding about the pathogenesis of RAI and a lack of RAI animal model present significant barriers to address these critical issues.

Methods: Scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI) regulates stress-induced GC (iGC) production in response to stress. We generated SF1CreSR-BIfl/fl mice and utilized the mice as a RAI model to elucidate the pathogenesis of RAI and GC therapy in sepsis. …

Parental Instincts: The Neurological And Biological Factors Associated With Parenthood, Jared Reeder

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The following project involves a systematic review of the scientific literature on neural and biological changes of mothers and fathers in parenthood. Until very recently, little scientific research was devoted to studying how bearing children affects a man or woman’s long-term biology. Over the last twenty years, studies of neuroplastic changes in new mothers show specific neural mechanisms responsible for altering the behaviors of mothers during and after pregnancy. These changes in neuroplasticity alter behavior in such a way that led to mothers requiring less sleep and being more prone to hearing the cries of their children. In addition to …

The Ethical Dilemma Of Whether Or Not To Withhold Life Sustaining Treatments For Newborns, Chloe G. Payne

OUR Journal: ODU Undergraduate Research Journal

Deeply complex ethical questions can arise when deciding whether to continue or stop life-sustaining treatments for critically ill newborns. Various factors that can influence these decisions are explored, such as the expected quality of life for the newborn, the resources that the family and hospital have at their disposal, and the role of religious beliefs. Emphasis is placed on the importance of striking a balance between the child's best interest, the autonomy of the parents, and the medical facts. The potential psychological and physical consequences for parents who decide to stop treatment, which often results in the loss of their …

Patient Frailty: A Review, Lakshmi Sailaja Kodavati

Dissertations and Theses

According to Geriator (2011), frailty is a common clinical syndrome in older adults that carries an increased risk for poor health outcomes such as falls, incident disability, hospitalization, and mortality. An operational definition of frailty is the existence of at least three out of five observable criteria indicating compromised energetics: low grip strength; low energy; slowed walking speed; low physical activity; and unintentional weight loss (Fried, et al. 2001).

According to Dubois and Charpillet (2017), most transitions into frailty are due to unintentional weight loss which, in turn, impacts gait performance and subsequent general mobility. In this literature review, the …

Short-Term Removal Of Exercise Impairs Glycemic Control In Older Adults: A Randomized Trial, Leryn J. Reynolds, Troy M. Williams, Joel E. Harden, Hannah M. Twiddy, Monica L. Kearney

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Postprandial glycemia (PPG) predicts cardiovascular disease, and short-term physical inactivity increases PPG in young, active adults. Whether this occurs in older, active adults who may be more prone to bouts of inactivity is unknown. This study determined if postprandial interstitial glucose (PPIG) was impaired in active older adults following the removal of exercise for 3 days (NOEX) compared to active young adults. In this randomized, crossover study, 11 older (69.1 ± 1.9 years) and 9 young (32.8 ± 1.8 years) habitually active (≥90 min/week of exercise) adults completed 3-days of NOEX and 3-days of normal habitual exercise (EX), separated by …

Exposure To Pcb126 During The Nursing Period Reversibly Impacts Early-Life Glucose Tolerance, Brittany B. Rice, Keegan W. Sammons, Sara Y. Ngo Tenlep, Madeline T. Weltzer, Leryn J. Reynolds, Cetewayo S. Rashid, Hollie I. Swanson, Kevin J. Pearson

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent environmental organic pollutants known to have detrimental health effects. Using a mouse model, we previously demonstrated that PCB126 exposure before and during pregnancy and throughout the perinatal period adversely affected offspring glucose tolerance and/or body composition profiles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the glucose tolerance and body composition of offspring born to dams exposed to PCB126 during the nursing period only. Female ICR mice were bred, and half of the dams were exposed to either vehicle (safflower oil) or 1 µmole PCB126 per kg of body weight via oral gavage on postnatal …

Relationship Between Crown Like Structures And Body Mass Index In Breast Cancer, Sophie Wanjiru Irungu

Master of Medicine in Anatomic Pathology

Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women worldwide, including Kenya. Globally, increasing incidences of BC have paralleled those of obesity. The mechanism by which obesity contributes to BC is still an active area of research but white adipose tissue inflammation characterized by crown-like structures (CLS), which are macrophages surrounding dying adipocytes, is considered an important contributor. Objectives: The primary objective was to determine the association between CLS and body mass index (BMI) in BC patients. The secondary objectives were to determine the association of CLS with BC risk factors specifically, age, menopausal status, subtypes of BC, …

Insulin Utilization In Post-Operative Open Heart Surgery Patients, Kathy Trinh, Bryce Winn, Hsin-Fang Li

Providence Pharmacy PGY1 Program at Providence Portland and Providence St. Vincent Medical Centers 2023

No abstract provided.

Social Determinants Of Health In People Living With Psychiatric Disorders: The Role Of Pharmacists., Carla D Cobb, Shari N. Allen, Joseph M Cusimano, Michelle Ding, Amanda S Eloma, Carol A Ott, Kimberly B Tallian

PCOM Scholarly Works

INTRODUCTION: Social determinants of health (SDOH) affect outcomes of people living with psychiatric disorders, including substance use disorders. As experts in medication optimization, pharmacists play a vital role in identifying and addressing medication-related problems associated with SDOH. However, there is a paucity of literature on how pharmacists can be part of the solution.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to provide a narrative review and commentary on the intersection between SDOH, medication-related outcomes in people living with psychiatric disorders, and the role of pharmacists in addressing them.

METHOD: The American Association of Psychiatric Pharmacists appointed an expert panel to …

Autophagic Vacuoles With Sarcolemmal Features In Myositis Following Covid-19 Infection, Praveen Walaliyadda, Allen Swanson, Trevi R. Mancilla, A Walaliyadda, Sean Huggins, J Wilson

Continental, MidAmerica, & Mountain Divisions GME Research Day 2023

No abstract provided.

Longitudinal Study On The Effects Of Implementing Continuous Glucose Monitoring For The Management Of Patients With Type-I And Type-Ii Diabetes Mellitus On Multiple Insulin Injections In An Internal Medicine Residency Clinic, Andrey Manov, Sukhjinder Chauhan, Gundip Dhillon, Athena Dhaliwal, Sabrina Antonio, Yema Jalal, Ashrita Donepudi, Jonathan Nazha, Melissa Banal, Joseph House

Far West Division GME Research Day 2023

No abstract provided.

ผลของการฝึกแอโรบิกแบบหนักสลับเบาต่อการลดลงของไขมันและพังผืดในตับในผู้ที่มีภาวะน้ำหนักตัวเกินและภาวะอ้วนร่วมกับโรคไขมันพอกตับชนิดที่ไม่ได้เกิดจากแอลกอฮอล์, ปียานิฐ ธนวนิชนาม

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ปัจจุบันโรคไขมันพอกตับชนิดที่ไม่ได้เกิดจากแอลกอฮอล์ไม่มียามาตรฐานในประเทศไทยที่ใช้ในการรักษา จึงมักแนะนำให้ปรับเปลี่ยนพฤติกรรม โดยเน้นไปที่การออกกำลังกาย และการควบคุมการรับประทานอาหาร การศึกษาครั้งนี้มี วัตถุประสงค์เพื่อเปรียบเทียบผลของการฝึกแอโรบิกแบบหนักสลับเบา (HIIT) ต่อการลดลงของไขมันและพังผืดใน ตับในผู้ที่มีภาวะน้ำหนักตัวเกินและภาวะอ้วนร่วมกับโรคไขมันพอกตับชนิดที่ไม่ได้เกิดจากแอลกอฮอล์ เป็นระยะเวลา 3 เดือน ในอาสาสมัครเพศชายและเพศหญิง จำนวน 29 คน อายุ 18-60 ปี มีดัชนีมวลกาย 23-34.9 กิโลกรัมต่อเมตร2 แบ่งเป็นกลุ่มทดลอง 15 คน (อายุเฉลี่ย 37.87 ± 7.58 ปี) และกลุ่มควบคุม 14 คน (อายุเฉลี่ย 42.29 ± 9.36 ปี) ทั้ง 2 กลุ่มมีข้อมูลพื้นฐานไม่แตกต่าง โดยกลุ่มทดลองฝึกออกกำลังกายแบบ HIIT ด้วยการปั่นจักรยาน 3 วันต่อสัปดาห์ และทั้ง 2 กลุ่มมีการคุมอาหารเหมือนกัน โดยมีนักกำหนดอาหารคอยควบคุม ผลการศึกษาพบว่า อาสาสมัครทั้ง 2 กลุ่มสามารถลดไขมันพอกตับได้ (HIIT; -23.67 ± 31.51 dB/m (p = 0.01) vs. Control; -20.21 ± 32.91 dB/m (p = 0.04)) แต่ไม่พบความแตกต่างระหว่างกลุ่ม (p = 0.66) และไม่มีการเปลี่ยนแปลงของพังผืดตับในแต่ละกลุ่มและระหว่างกลุ่ม ( all p>0.05) มีเพียงกลุ่มทดลองที่สามารถลดมวลไขมัน (–0.74 ± 1.22 kg, p = 0.03) เปอร์เซ็นไขมัน (-0.69 ± 1.10 %, p = 0.03) visceral fat area (–4.41 …