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Correlation Of Three Immunohistochemically Detected Markers Of Neuroendocrine Differentiation With Clinical Predictors Of Disease Progression In Prostate Cancer, Hammad Ather, Farhat Abbas, Nuzhat Faruqui, Mohammad Israr, Shahid Pervez

Section of Urology

Background: The importance of immuno-histological detection of neuroendocrine differentiation in prostatic adenocarcinoma with respect to disease at presentation and Gleason grade is gaining acceptance. There is limited literature on the relative significance of three commonly used markers of NE differentiation i.e. Chromogranin A (CgA), Neuron specific enolase (NSE) and Synaptophysin (Syn). In the current work we have assessed the correlation of immuno-histological detection of neuroendocrine differentiation in prostatic adenocarcinoma with respect to disease at presentation and Gleason grade and to determine the relative value of various markers.
Materials and Methods: Consecutive samples of malignant prostatic specimens (Transurethral resection of prostate …

Oncolog Volume 53, Number 07/08, July/August 2008, John Lebas, Sunni Hosemann

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Multiple Myeloma: Increasing Response, Remission, and Survival Rates in a Complex Disease
• House Call: A Guide to Radiation Therapy
• In Brief: Researchers Enhance Anticancer Activity of Natural Killer Cells in Laboratory
• Beyond Images: Advances in Interventional Radiology
• Radioembolotherapy Using Yttrium 90

Oncolog Volume 53, Number 05, May 2008, John Lebas, Joe Munch, Alexander V. Prokhorov Md, Phd

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Hepatocellular Carcinoma: New Standards in Therapy Emerging
• House Call: When Diagnosis Meets Denial
• In Brief: Overweight, Obese Patients Fare Worse with Breast Cancer, Researchers Find
• DiaLog: ASPIRE to Stop Teen Smoking, by Alexander V. Prokhorov, MD, PhD, Project Director, ASPIRE, Professor, Department of Behavioral Science
• A Reverse Approach to Adrenal Gland Resection

Oncolog Volume 53, Number 02, February 2008, Joe Munch, Diane Witter, Guillermo Garcia-Manero Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Assessing Symptom Burden in Cancer
• DiaLog: Making Headway in Hematology, by Guillermo Garcia-Manero, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Leukemia
• Helping Kids Make Smart Food Choices
• Expanding Therapy Options for Advanced Cancer

Oncolog Volume 51, Number 01, January 2006, Stephanie P. Deming, Diane Witter

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Fertility After Cancer
• Improving the Odds in Lung Cancer
• House Call: Understanding the Basics of Melanoma

Oncolog Volume 53, Number 06, June 2008, Karen Stuyck, Virginia M. Mohlere, David Stouter, David Jenkins

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Psychotherapy Extends Cancer Care Beyond the Physical
• House Call: Understanding How Cancer Spreads
• DiaLog: Teaming Spiritual and Medical Care, by Rev. David Stouter, Chaplain, Department of Chaplaincy and Pastoral Education, and Rev. David Jenkins, Director, Department of Chaplaincy and Pastoral Education
• Radical Trachelectomy: A Fertility-Sparing Option for Invasive Cervical Cancer

Oncolog Volume 53, Number 01, January 2008, John Lebas, Don Norwood

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Prostate Cancer: A Tale of Two Therapies
• In Brief: Newly Identified Gene May Stop Development of Lung Cancers
• House Call: What You Should Know About Male Cancers
• Making Headway Against Myeloproliferative Disorders

Oncolog Volume 53, Number 04, April 2008, Diane Witter, John Lebas, Sunni Hosemann

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Cancer as a Chronic Disease
• In Brief: Cancer-Promoting Protein in Ovarian Cancer May Be Stopped with RNA Liposome
• House Call: Caring for the Caregiver
• Barely Benign

Oncolog Volume 53, Number 09, September 2008, Maude Veech, Dawn Chalaire

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Deciphering Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma
• House Call: Planning Ahead with Advance Directives
• A Child-Centered Approach to Anesthesia for Proton Therapy

Digest Of The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine (Winter 2008), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Digest

The Winter 2008 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles:

• Opening Remarks
• PCOM Updates and Kudos
• Women in Medicine: A Legacy of Achievement
• Reflections from the Past
• Leaders in Academic Medicine
• Advocates of Women’s Health
• Physician Workforce Issues: Bridging the Gender Gap
• Specialties: Breaking Down Barriers
• Founders’ Day
• James H. Black, DO ’62, O.J. Snyder Memorial Medal
• Sallee Ann Eckler, PhD, (DO ’08), Mason W. Pressly Memorial Medal
• Harm Reduction Therapy
• Willing and Able to Make a Difference
• Class Notes
• In Memoriam
• My Turn Essay
• Alumni Weekend 2008
• PCOM Events

Sensitization Of Ovarian Cancer Cells To Cisplatin By Genistein: The Role Of Nf-Kappab, Leigh A. Solomon, Shadan Ali, Sanjeev Banerjee, Adnan R. Munkarah, Robert T. Morris, Fazlul H. Sarkar

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Platinum-resistance (PR) continues to be a major problem in the management of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Response to various chemotherapeutic agents is poor in patients deemed PR. Genistein, a soy isoflavone has been shown to enhance the effect of chemotherapy in prostate and pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo by reversing chemo-resistance phenotype. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of combination therapy with genistein and cisplatin as well as other cytotoxic conventional chemotherapeutic agents in platinum-sensitive (PS) and resistant EOC cells.

Methods

The PS human ovarian cancer cell line A2780 and its …

A Stable Explant Culture Of Her2/Neu Invasive Carcinoma Supported By Alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Expressing Stromal Cells To Evaluate Therapeutic Agents, Marie P. Piechocki

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

To gain a better understanding of the effects of therapeutic agents on the tumor microenvironment in invasive cancers, we developed a co-culture model from an invasive lobular carcinoma. Tumor cells expressing HER2/neu organize in nests surrounded by alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin (α-SMA) expressing tumor stroma to resemble the morphology of an invading tumor. This co-culture, Mammary Adenocarcinoma Model (MAM-1) maintains a 1:1 ratio of HER2/neu positive tumor cells to α-SMA-reactive stromal cells and renews this configuration for over 20 passages in vitro.

Methods

We characterized the cellular elements of the MAM-1 model by microarray analysis, and immunocytochemistry. We developed …

Functional Analysis Of Human Beta Defensin-1: Novel Insight Into Its Role In Prostate Cancer, Rebecca S. Bullard

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men in the United States. The molecular pathogenesis of this disease includes genetic alterations, infection, and exposure to inflammatory or dietary oxidants. Recently, research has focused on the role of host defense peptides in tumor immunity. Defensins, a highly conserved multigene family of proteins that possess antimicrobial and antiviral properties, play an essential role in innate and adaptive immunity. These peptides are categorized into alpha- and beta-defensins based upon the spacing and connection between the six conserved cysteine residues of the mature peptide. Human Beta Defensin-1 (hBD-1), an important …

Physician Assistant Class Of 2008, Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

All Yearbooks

Includes the White Coat Ceremony, Classroom candids, Class outings, Fall Retreat 2006, Halloween Party 2006, Christmas Party 2006, Clinical Skills Lab, PCOM Prom 2007, Powderpuff Football 2007, PA Olympics 2007, Senior Fridays.

The Impact Of Traumatic Stress And Alcohol Exposure On Youth: Implications For Lawyers, Judges, And Courts, Frank E. Vandervort

Articles

Since its inception in the late nineteenth century, the juvenile court has been concerned with the legal problems of children and their families. From the court’s earliest days, it has sought to address child abuse and neglect and juvenile delinquency as social problems that result from familial and community breakdown. Over the decades, researchers from various disciplines have provided varying explanations of how and why family systems break down, why some parents fail to nurture their children, why some physically or sexually abuse their children, and why some children become delinquent.

Focus On The Profession: Academic And Clinical Departments, Robert Armstrong

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

The departments within the Faculty of Medicine at UBC play a central role in achieving the goals of the expanded medical school, and the goals of the broader health care system. Four strategies are needed for success: make professionalism the tie that binds the Faculty of Medicine and the health authorities; engage clinical and academic de­partments as key drivers of professionalism; ensure knowledge development and continuous learning are recognized as central to professionalism; challenge government to focus on supporting professionalism.

Obesity, Hypertension, And Mental Health Evaluation In Adolescents: A Comprehensive Approach, Stefan G. Kiessling, Kimberly K. Mcclanahan, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The global epidemic of childhood and adolescent obesity in developing and developed countries has become a major public health concern. Given the relation between obesity and hypertension as documented in several landmark studies, it is no surprise that as the prevalence of obesity has increased in the pediatric population, the rates of hypertension have also increased substantially. Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and stroke; therefore, evaluation and initiation of appropriate treatment are extremely important in the pediatric population. Evaluation for secondary causes of hypertension, including renovascular, renoparenchymal, and endocrine disease is the approach …

Hirsutism, Shibani Kanungo, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Obesity: A Lesson From The Venus Of Willendorf, Donald E. Greydanus, Dilip R. Patel, Hatim A. Omar, Joav Merrick

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcus Group A Endocarditis: A Rare Clinical Presentation, Aysha Almas, M. Tariq

Section of Internal Medicine

A case report of an elderly gentleman is reported herein, who presented with one week history of fever, drowsiness and left lower limb weakness. Examination revealed left lower limb weakness with power of grade 3/5. His workup showed evidence of infection and multiple cerebral infarcts on the right side. Blood culture grew Streptococcus pyogens. Echocardiogram showed two vegetations on the aortic valve. Fever was the main presenting feature in this case but it was the presentation of patient with multiple cerebral infarcts that lead to the diagnosis of infective endocarditis. The organism causing Infective Endocarditis (IE) in this patient was …

Longitudinal Association Of Sleep-Disordered Breathing And Nondipping Of Nocturnal Blood Pressure In The Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study, Khin Mae Hla, Terry Young, Laurel Finn, Paul E. Peppard, Mariana Szklo-Coxe, Maryan Stubbs

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Study objectives: The association of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and blunting of normal nocturnal lowering of blood pressure (BP) (nondipping) has only been examined cross-sectionally. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether SDB is prospectively associated with nondipping.

Methods: The longitudinal association between SDB and incident nondipping was examined in a subsample of 328 adults enrolled in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study who completed 2 or more 24-hour ambulatory BP studies over an average of 7.2 years of follow-up. SDB identified by baseline in-laboratory polysomnography was defined by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) categories. Systolic and diastolic nondipping was defined by …

Micrornas (Mirnas) In Neurodegenerative Diseases, Peter T. Nelson, Wang-Xia Wang, Bernard W. Rajeev

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Aging-related neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are the culmination of many different genetic and environmental influences. Prior studies have shown that RNAs are pathologically altered during the inexorable course of some NDs. Recent evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) may be a contributing factor in neurodegeneration. miRNAs are brain-enriched, small (~22 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs that participate in mRNA translational regulation. Although discovered in the framework of worm development, miRNAs are now appreciated to play a dynamic role in many mammalian brain-related biochemical pathways, including neuroplasticity and stress responses. Research about miRNAs in the context of neurodegeneration is accumulating rapidly, and the goal of …

Reducing Hiv/Aids In Young People In Sub-Sahara Africa: Gaps In Research And The Role Of Theory, Kristien Michielsen, Marleen Bosmans, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

This paper discusses the role of education in preventing HIV in children and young people in sub-Sahara Africa and presents the results of policy advisory research conducted on behalf of the Belgian Development Cooperation. The research consisted of a literature review and a field study in Rwanda. Relative to the high number of HIV prevention activities in sub-Sahara Africa, there is a limited number of scientific data on HIV risk reduction interventions for young people in this region. Longitudinal studies are especially scarce. Preliminary results show that many interventions have only a marginal impact on reducing sexual risk behaviour. Factors …

Successful Pregnancy Outcome Following Laparoscopic Myomectomy: Case Report, R. B. Parkar, Sikolia Wanyonyi, W. J. Kamau, D. Otieno

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Laparoscopic myomectomy is now widely used as an alternative to laparotomy in the management of symptomatic uterine fibroids. The advantages of this minimal access approach outweigh those of the open techniques. The pregnancy outcomes between the two methods have been studied and are comparable, but there still exists a lot of scepticism locally concerning this. It is against this background that we present a 31 year old nulliparous lady who had a two year history of primary infertility secondary to multiple uterine fibroids, the largest being fundal and measuring 6.6cm. She underwent a successful laparoscopic myomectomy in November, 2006 and …

Comparison Of Long-Term Care Residents' Food Intake, Body Weight, And Food Costs Between Two Meal Service Styles, Dee Murphy

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine if residents (n = 26) living in an Iowa long-term care facility had differences in food intake at their noon meal and body weight when served traditional tray meal service for 10 weeks compared to being served restaurant-style meal service for 10 weeks. The study also evaluated the facility’s raw food costs of the two meal service styles.

Mean meal intake scale scores improved when residents were served restaurant-style meal service (0.4±0.3) compared to traditional tray meal service. Residents did not show a significant percent weight (1.1%±3.7%) change or percent BMI (0.9%±3.7%) …

Prevalence, Risk Factors And Outcome Of Acute Kidney Injury At The Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi, Peter W. Munyu

Master of Medicine in Internal Medicine

Introduction: Acute kidney failure (acute kidney injury, AKI) is a group of syndromes that result in a decline in the glomerular filtration rate. In 2002, the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) group proposed the RIFLE criteria to standardize the definitions of AKI severity and outcome. This criterion has been validated in several studies. AKI is frequently encountered in hospitalized patients; it has a negative impact on mortality and morbidity. A lot of work has been done to describe the epidemiology of AKI in developed countries. The same does not apply for developing countries. This study was designed to evaluate AKI …

Comparison Of Doppler Studies In Obstetrics With Fetal Outcome, Sheila Waa

Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology

Purpose: to compare umbilical artery and middle cerebral Doppler ultrasound values in normal and high risk pregnancies with fetal outcome. Method: 121 consecutive pregnancies (at or over 28 weeks gestation), stratified into low and high risk pregnancies based on clinician information were prospectively examined with doppler ultrasound of UA and MCA. Results: outcome was available for 100 of the 121 patients. 26% of pregnancies had poor outcome. Of these 73% (19) and 27% (7) were classified as high risk and low risk respectively. UA alone or in combination with MCA was shown to have 100% specificity for predicting fetal outcome. …

Sr-Bi Protects Against Endotoxemia In Mice Through Its Roles In Glucocorticoid Production And Hepatic Clearance, Lei Cai, Ailing Ji, Frederick C. De Beer, Lisa R. Tannock, Deneys R. Van Der Westhuyzen

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Septic shock results from an uncontrolled inflammatory response, mediated primarily by LPS. Cholesterol transport plays an important role in the host response to LPS, as LPS is neutralized by lipoproteins and adrenal cholesterol uptake is required for antiinflammatory glucocorticoid synthesis. In this study, we show that scavenger receptor B-I (SR-BI), an HDL receptor that mediates HDL cholesterol ester uptake into cells, is required for the normal antiinflammatory response to LPS-induced endotoxic shock. Despite elevated plasma HDL levels, SR-BI–null mice displayed an uncontrollable inflammatory cytokine response and a markedly higher lethality rate than control mice in response to LPS. In addition, …

Management Of The Neck In Differentiated Thyroid Cancer, David M. Cognetti, Edmund A. Pribitkin, William M. Keane

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Faculty Papers

Differentiated thyroid cancer is characterized by an excellent long-term prognosis, which unlike other head and neck carcinomas, is not influenced definitively by regional lymph node metastasis. The relative rarity of the disease, together with its tendency for delayed metastasis and its low mortality, makes a prospective randomized trial comparing treatment outcomes difficult. As a result, the effect of cervical lymph node metastases on survival is unclear, making meaningful recommendations for their management somewhat subjective. This article discusses guidelines for the management of the neck in differentiated.

Technical Assistance For Implementing Best Practices In The Asia And Near East Region, M.E. Khan, Sohini Roychowdhury, Mary Philip Sebastian, Sitanshu Sekhar Kar, Anurag Mishra, Vivek Sharma, G. Narayana, Bhawana Sharma, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Ahmed Afifi

Reproductive Health

The Population Council's Frontiers in Reproductive Health (FRONTIERS) program offered technical assistance to any Asia Near East (ANE) country mission interested in funding adaptation of USAID‟s “best practices” in family planning or reproductive health. The ANE Bureau provided funding for the costs of FRONTIERS technical assistance. The overall objective of this study was to replicate and scale up "best practices" based on findings from FRONTIERS. The specific objectives were to institutionalize the Systematic Screening Instrument in the entire state of Uttarakhand, India; to strenghten emergency contraceptive pills service provision in Uttarakhand, India; and to enhance the use of Lactational Amenorrhea …