Digital Commons Network^™

Clumping Factor A Mediates Binding Of Staphylococcus Aureus To Human Platelets, Ian R. Siboo, Ambrose L. Cheung, Arnold S. Bayer, Paul M. Sullam

Dartmouth Scholarship

The direct binding of bacteria to platelets may be an important virulence mechanism in the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis. We have previously described Staphylococcus aureus strain PS12, a Tn551-derived mutant of strain ISP479, with reduced ability to bind human platelets in vitro. When tested in an animal model of endocarditis, the PS12 strain was less virulent than its parental strain, as measured by bacterial densities in endocardial vegetations and incidence of systemic embolization. We have now characterized the gene disrupted in PS12 and its function in platelet binding. DNA sequencing, Southern blotting, and PCR analysis indicate that PS12 contained two …

Digest Of The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine (Spring 2001), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Digest

The Spring 2001 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles:

• Opening Remarks
• PCOM Updates
• Alumni Board Profile
• Sign of Hope
• Technology as a Tool
• Donor Profile: Murray Zedeck, DO ’62
• Clinical Research 101
• Caring for the Whole Person
• Olympic Dreams
• Class Notes
• In Memoriam
• PCOM Events
• My Turn: Essay Section
• Graduate Programs at PCOM

Behind The Counter: Pharmacies And Dispensing Patterns Of Pharmacy Attendants In Karachi., Fauziah Rabbani, F. H. Cheema, N. Talati, S. Siddiqui, S. Syed, S. Bashir, L. Z. Zuberi, A. Shamim, Q. Mumtaz

Community Health Sciences

BACKGROUND:

There is little literature available on dispensing patterns and unsupervised sale of medicines from pharmacies in developing countries.

OBJECTIVE:

This study obtained background information on pharmacies assessed the level of training, knowledge and dispensing patterns of pharmacy attendants in Karachi.

METHODOLOGY:

This is a descriptive cross sectional study with convenient sampling. A structured questionnaire was used to interview pharmacy attendants.

RESULTS:

Of the 219 pharmacies surveyed, 62% reported more than 50 customers daily and 20% also sold items of general provision. Mean operating hours were 13. Only 24 (11%) had a visible license. On an average 3 attendants were …

Diagnostic Issues In Abdominal Tuberculosis, M R. Khan, I R. Khan, K M. Pal

Department of Surgery Docs

Objective: To analyze the modes of presentation and diagnostic issues in the management of abdominal tuberculosis at a tertiary care hospital in a developing country, where most of the established diagnostic modalities are available.SETTING: The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.Methods: This study is a retrospective review of medical records of all inpatients, diagnosed to have abdominal tuberculosis, from January 1991 to December 1997. The data was collected and particularly analyzed for spectrum of presentation and role of various diagnostic modalities. Of special interest was the sub-group of patients, who after all investigations did not have a firm diagnosis. Following a …

Comparison Of Spontaneous With Controlled Mode Of Ventilation In Tonsillectomy, F A. Khan, G A. Memon

Department of Anaesthesia

Methods: This randomized study compares spontaneous versus controlled ventilation in 60 ASA I and II patients undergoing tonsillectomy as regards haemodynamic stability, recovery characteristics, intra- and immediate postoperative complications and surgical impressions.Results: The patients in the balanced anaesthesia (B) group showed less haemodynamic variability compared to baseline after tracheal intubation, mouth gag application and removal and incision. Two patients had dysrhythmias in the B group compared to six in the spontaneous breathing (S) group. Six patients in the S group had a rise in endtidal carbon dioxide concentration above 7.8 kPa (60 mmHg). Recovery scores were higher in the B …

Medical Education Digest, Vol. 3 No. 1 (February 15, 2001), Nova Southeastern University

Medical Education Digest

No abstract provided.

Oncolog, Volume 46, Number 02, February 2001, Sunni Hosemann, Kerry L. Wright, Janet M. Bruner Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Specialized Training and Techniques of Pathologists Lead to Targeted Therapies
• Protocols: Studies Examine High-Dose Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer
• High-Dose Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: Completion of Clinical Trials Necessary
• DiaLog: Many Specialties, One Goal, by Janet M. Bruner, MD, Chairman, Department of Pathology
• House Call: Support Groups Offer Patients a Helping Hand
• Study Reveals Types of Diagnostic Errors and Their Costs

Functions Of The Rat's Temporal Association Cortex In Higher Perceptual Functions, Summer L. Maki

The Corinthian

The role of the rodent temporal cortex in relational perception was investigated. Eighteen Long Evans rats were separated into three surgical groups (sham, partial striate, and Te2/3) and trained on a preoperative and postoperative discrimination task. The rats were then presented a series of relational judgement trials consisting of both between category judgments and within category judgments. It was hypothesized that the rats with Te2/3 lesions would perform as well as controls on the preoperative and postoperative discrimination task, but show a considerable behavioral dysfunction on the tests of visual relational perception. The results showed no differences across groups in …

2000 Cancer Care Annual Report, Children's Mercy Hospital

Cancer Center Annual Reports

Annual report of cancer care and oncology services at the Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City MO, a pediatric medical center.

The Concentration Of Three Anti-Seizure Medications In Hair: The Effects Of Hair Color, Controlling For Dose And Age, Tom Mieczkowski, Aristidis M. Tsatsakis, Michael Kruger, Thanasis Psillakis

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

This paper assess the relationship between the quantity of three anti-seizure medications in hair and the color of the analyzed hair, while controlling for the effects of dose, dose duration, and patient age for 140 clinical patients undergoing anti-seizure therapy. Three drugs are assessed: carbamazepine (40 patients), valproic acid (40 patients), and phenytoin (60 patients). The relationship between hair assay results, hair color, dose, dose duration, and age is modeled using an analysis of covariance. The covariance model posits the hair assay results as the dependent variable, the hair color as the qualitative categorical independent variable, and dose, …

Department Of Radiology-Annual Executive Summary Report-July 1, 2000 To June 30, 2001, David C. Levin , M.D.

Department of Radiology Administrative Documents and Reports

101 page Department of Radiology Annual Executive Summary Report, July 1, 2000 to June 30, 2001, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.

An Analysis Of Anemia And Child Mortality, B.J. Brabin, Zul Premji, F. Verhoeff

Pathology, East Africa

The relationship of anemia as a risk factor for child mortality was analyzed by using cross-sectional, longitudinal and case-control studies, and randomized trials. Five methods of estimation were adopted: 1) the proportion of child deaths attributable to anemia; 2) the proportion of anemic children who die in hospital studies; 3) the population-attributable risk of child mortality due to anemia; 4) survival analyses of mortality in anemic children; and 5) cause-specific anemia-related child mortality. Most of the data available were hospital based. For children aged 0-5 y the percentage of deaths due to anemia was comparable for reports from highly malarious …

Oncolog, Volume 46, Number 01, January 2001, Kerry L. Wright, Dawn Chalaire, Emil J. Freireich Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• New Melanoma Staging System Reflects Key Prognostic Factors
• House Cell: Preventing Cancer: Food for Thought
• Educational Conferences Explore Issues Related to Cancer Care and Research
• DiaLog: Leukemia: Setting the "Stage" for Effective Treatments, by Emil J. Freireich, MD, Professor, Department of Leukemia
• Updated M. D. Anderson Website Designed to Meet the Online Needs of Patients and Physicians

Impaired Splenic Function In Systemic Amyloidosis: Diagnostic Importance Of Peripheral Blood Film, F. Bilwani, Salman Adil, G. N. Kakepoto, Mohammad Khurshid, A. Ahmed

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

We describe case of a 40 year old male, who went on to developed systemic amyloidosis 3 years after the diagnosis of chronic renal failure. The diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis was suspected upon a routine examination of periheral blood film showing features of hyposlenism. We would like to highlight the importance of examination of pheripheral blood film in patients with renal failure for the diagnosis of extensive systemic amyloidosis which occasionally leads to functional hyposplenism, recognized by the presence of abnormal red cell morphology and reduced splenic uptake on isotope scan¹.

Digest Of The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine (Winter 2001), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Digest

The Winter 2001 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles:

• Opening Remarks
• In the Mail
• PCOM Updates
• Meet the Prez
• This Doctor Gets Personal
• Founders Day Honorees
• PCOM MEDNet
• Board Profile
• Alumni Board Profile
• Off to Camp – With Some Very Special Children
• Class Notes
• In Memoriam
• My Turn: New Essay Section
• 2^nd Annual PCOM Alumni Weekend
• Coming Events

Reproductive Tract Infections: A Guide For Programme Managers, Sarah Hawkes, Anjali Nayyar, Johannes Van Dam, Kevin R. O'Reilly, Bidia Deperthes, Dinesh Agarwal

Reproductive Health

Reproductive tract infections (RTIs) including sexually transmitted infections represent a silent worldwide pandemic that adversely impacts the reproductive health (RH) of women and men. Various community- and hospital-based studies in India have provided insights into the magnitude of the problem. The International Conference on Population and Development (1994) emphasized integration of RH services to meet the needs of men and women especially with prevention and management of RTIs/STIs. The emergence of HIV and the identification of STIs as a risk factor for the spread of HIV have further lent a sense of urgency for a programmatic response to address this …

The Effects Of Four Gymnastics Skills On Vertebral Column Hyperextension In Young Female Gymnasts, Tonia Mcclure Burke

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

There is very limited information available on the effects of gymnastics skills on spinal hyperextension. Eleven young female gymnasts between the ages of 11 and 15 participated in this study. The subjects height and weight were taken then they were screened for musculoskeletal injuries, normal abdominal and back extensor strength, normal hip flexor and hamstring flexibility, spondylolisthesis, and scoliosis. Hyperextension of the spinal column was measured during normal standing, hyperextending the spine in standing, and during four different gymnastics skills, using the Peak5 motion analysis system. Each subject performed five acceptable trials of four different gymnastics skill including a back …

Epidemiological Features Of Aplastic Anaemia In Pakistan, Salman Adil, G. N. Kakepoto, Mohammad Khurshid, I. A. Burney

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: To complete the data on the demographic features of patients diagnosed to have aplastic anemia at a single institution over a 7.5 years period. Methods: Demographic information was retrieved from the patients medical records retrospectively as well as prospectively of those patients who presented with features of aplastic anaemia. Their diagnosis was confirmed by performing a complete blood count and bone marrow trephine.
Results: One hundred and forty four patients were diagnosed to have aplastic anemia; there were 106 males and 38 females. Their ages ranged from 2 to 75 years, with a median of 17 years, …

Medical Education Digest, Vol. 2 No. 6 (December 15, 2000), Nova Southeastern University

Medical Education Digest

No abstract provided.

Gender Differences In Presenting Symptoms, Treatment, And Outcome In Myocardial Infarction, Alona Dalusung-Angosta

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The purposes of this study were to compare the presenting symptoms, treatment, and outcome between men and women with MI. The study sample consisted of 300 patients (N = 300) who were diagnosed with MI in a county hospital in the Southwest area of the United States.

Chest pain, shortness of breath, sweating, and left arm pain were the most common symptoms reported by both genders. Men had more chest pain than their women counterparts (p = .022). No significant difference was found in the cardiac enzyme levels between both genders. Men had more Q wave changes during MI than …

Disinfection Of Dentin By Intracanal Laser Irradiation: An In Vitro Model, Silvia Cristina Mafra Cecchini

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A possible cause for root canal failure is the persistence of bacteria that have colonized dentinal tubules. To reduce this risk and, if possible, to also shorten the time consuming endodontic therapy, new equipment and materials are constantly being introduced. The aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of disinfection of dentinal tubules by intracanal laser irradiation using an in vitro model. The groups irradiated by various lasers were compared with calcium hydroxide, a material frequently used as intracanal medication between appointments. Freshly extracted, intact bovine incisors were used. The root cementum was removed and the teeth …

Com Outlook November 2000, College Of Osteopathic Medicine

COM Outlook

No abstract provided.

Medical Education Digest, Vol. 2 No. 5 (October 15, 2000), Nova Southeastern University

Medical Education Digest

No abstract provided.

Connexin-32 Contributes To Radiation Resistance In Thyroid Follicles, Da-Thao Dinh Tran

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The objective of this study was to examine the role of gap junctions in the radiation resistance of thyroid follicles. The question of whether gap junctional intercellular communication plays an important role in the “contact effect”, wherein cells in direct apposition are more resistant to the damaging effects of radiation, has been debated for years. We used the Fischer rat thyroid cell line (FRTL-5) to carry out our experiments. This thesis is divided into two parts: 1) characterization of gap junctional properties in FRTL-5 cells and, 2) exposure of these cells to radiation.

We found that, unlike primary thyroid cells, …

The Cardiac Correlates Of Attention In The Denervated Heart: A Study Of Infant Heart Transplant Recipients, Stephanie Dianne Griffone

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The cardiac correlate of attention is a deceleration in heart rate, controlled by the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. This has been extensively studied in infants; the findings indicate that this deceleration is affected by a number of factors, several mediated by the vagus nerve. However, the effects of denervation on this response are not known. Studies with adult heart transplant recipients have shown attenuated acceleration in response to stressful mental tasks. This study investigated the cardiac response to attention in infants who had received a heart transplant, using a habituation paradigm. The hypothesis that they would show …

Vitamin A And Cancer, Richard M. Niles

Biochemistry and Microbiology

Vitamin A, its physiological metabolites and synthetic derivatives (retinoids) have been shown to have protective effects against the development of certain types of cancer. In addition, pharmacological amounts of retinoids have been used with some success in the treatment of a few human tumors. The chemoprevention effect of retinoids is most likely exerted at the tumor promotion phase of carcinogenesis. Retinoids block tumor promotion by either inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis, inducing differentiation, or a combination of these actions. Clinically, isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid) significantly decreases the incidence of second primary tumors in patients with head and neck cancer and also reduces …

Effects Of Estradiol And Progesterone On Susceptibility And Early Immune Responses To Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection In The Female Reproductive Tract, Charu Kaushic, Fan Zhou, Andrew D. Murdin, Charles R. Wira

Dartmouth Scholarship

We have used a previously described rodent model to examine the influence of hormonal environment on susceptibility and immune responses to genital Chlamydia infection. Ovariectomized rats were administered estradiol, progesterone, or a combination of both, infected with Chlamydia trachomatis via the intrauterine route, and sacrificed 5 days later. Histopathological examination showed severe inflammation in the uteri and vaginae of progesterone-treated animals, whereas animals receiving estradiol or a combination of both hormones showed no inflammation. Large numbers of chlamydiae were found in vaginal secretions of progesterone-treated and combination-treated animals, while estradiol-treated animals had none. Tissue localization showed that numerous chlamydial inclusions …

Locus Of Control, Coping, And Anticipatory Nausea In Women With Breast Cancer, Melinda L. Nielsen

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Many cancer patients experience adverse chemotherapy-related side effects. The present study examined whether the perception that one can control and effectively cope with her treatment for breast cancer mitigate against any nausea and vomiting that she may experience in anticipation of chemotherapy treatments. Seventy-five women with breast cancer completed the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale - Form C, the Krantz Health Opinion Survey, the Ways of Coping Scale - Revised, and the Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Emesis. As hypothesized, internal health locus of control was significantly positively related to positive reappraisal coping strategies. This relationship was moderated by …

Audit Of Lymph Node Biopsies In Suspected Cases Of Lymphoproliferative Malignancies: Implications On Tissue Diagnosis And Patient Management, Mohammad Zeeshan Qamar, Mehrukh Mujib, Shahid Pervez

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Aims: To carry out an audit ascertaining the importance of condition of lymph node specimen, submission of clinical history including site of biopsy and imrnunohistochemcial studies on conclusiveness of diagnosis made.

Methodology: Computer records of the Aga Khan University Hospital, Histopathology Laboratory were used to analyze all cases of lymphoproliferative malignancies presented at the hospital from 1992 to 1998.

Results: Out of a total of 466 cases studied, in 283 (61%) the lymph nodes were fragmented. The site of biopsy was mentioned in 361 (77.5%) cases with the cervical region forming the most common site (56.5%). A clinical history was …

Effect Of Receptor-Selective Retinoids On Growth And Differentiation Pathways In Mouse Melanoma Cells, Sejal H. Desai, Goran Boskovic, Linda L. Eastham, Marcia Dawson, Richard M. Niles

Biochemistry and Microbiology

Treatment of B16 mouse melanoma cells with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) results in inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of differentiation. Accompanying these events is an induction of retinoic acid receptor β (RARβ) expression, an increase in protein kinase Cα (PKCα) expression, and enhanced activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcriptional activity. These cells express nuclear RARα and RARγ and nuclear retinoid X receptors (RXR) α and β constitutively. We tested the ability of receptor-selective retinoids to induce the biochemical changes found in ATRA-treated melanoma cells and also tested their effectiveness in decreasing anchorage-dependent and -independent growth. The RXR-selective ligand (2E,4E)-6-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3,5,5,8,8-pentamethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-3,7-dimethyl-2,4,6-octatrienoic acid (SR11246) was …