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Policy For Identifying And Assessing The Health Risks Of Toxic Substances, Maine Bureau Of Health

Maine Collection

Policy for Identifying and Assessing the Health Risks of Toxic Substances

by Norman T. Anderson, Environmental Toxicology Program, Division of Disease Control, Bureau of Health (February, 1988).

Contents: Section I: Introduction / Section II: Methods / Section III: Exposure Assessment / Section IV: Hazard Identification / Section V: Hazard Assessment / Section VI: Risk Characterization / List of Figures / List of Tables

Biotechnology And The Law: Social Responsibility V. Freedom Of Scientific Inquiry?, George P. Smith Ii

Scholarly Articles

At American University in Washington, D.C., on November 20, 1973, Julius Stone presented the tenth annual Mooers Lecture, entitled, "Knowledge, Survival, and the Duties of Science."' The central question and thesis that he propounded could and, indeed, should be raised anew today; they form the very core of the province and function of law, science, and medicine. In our brave new world they point to the leeways of choice and patterns of discourse that exist in grappling with the central issue of social responsibility in scientific inquiry. Perhaps they will assist in forging a consensus opinion for a subsequent course …

Neurokinin Regulation Of Midbrain Raphe Neurons: A Behavioral And Anatomical Study, Joseph Paris

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Impaired Autoreactive T Cell-Induced T Cell-T Cell Interaction In Aged Mice, Venkatachalam Udhayakumar, Subbarao Bondada, Aruna Seth, Mitzi Nagarkatti, Prakash S. Nagarkatti

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

Self-Ia-reactive (autoreactive) L3T4⁺ T cell clones have been shown earlier to stimulate the proliferation of syngeneic naive L3T4⁺ T cells and initiate a T cell-T cell (T-T) interaction leading to the generation of immunoregulatory circuits. Since aging has been shown to be associated with a decline of the immune responsiveness, age-related alterations in the T-T interaction was investigated in the present study. Using several I-E^d-specific autoreactive T cell clones isolated from 2- to 3-month-old (young) DBA/2 mice as stimulators, it was observed that L3T4⁺ T cells from 22- to 24-month-old (aged) DBA/2 mice, failed to …

Improved Selective Medium For The Isolation Of Treponema Hyodysenteriae, Robert A. Kunkle, J. M. Kinyon

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

An agar medium with improved selection for Treponema hyodysenteriae was developed. Cultures of T. hyodysenteriae and T. innocens, feces from 11 clinically normal pigs, and colonic contents from 6 pigs with gross lesions consistent with swine dysentery were diluted in phosphate-buffered saline and plated on Trypticase soy agar (BBL Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, Md.) with 5% citrated bovine blood (TSA), TSA with 400 ,ug of spectinomycin per ml (TSA-S400), TSA-S400 with 25 ,ug each of colistin and vancomycin per ml, and TSA with 5% pig feces extract and five antimicrobial agents (spiramycin, rifampin, vancomycin, colistin, and spectinomycin) (BJ). Viable numbers …

An Identified Histaminergic Neuron Can Modulate The Outputs Of Buccal-Cerebral Interneurons In Aplysia Via Presynaptic Inhibition, Hillel J. Chiel

Faculty Scholarship

We have identified 2 buccal-cerebral interneurons (BCIs), B17 and B18, that appear to be involved in the coordination of feeding behavior in Aplysia. The BCIs have their cell bodies in the buccal ganglion, but send axons to the cerebral ganglion via the cerebral-buccal connectives. The BCIs appear to make monosynaptic connections with neurons in the cerebral ganglion that modulate extrinsic muscles involved in feeding behavior. B17 and B18 are activated antiphasically during a motor program induced by stimulating the esophageal nerve and appear to 'read out' different phases of the buccal program to different cells in the cerebral ganglion. B17 …

1988 Winter No. 15, School Of Medicine Office Of Alumni Affairs

Medicinews

LSU Medicinews Number 15 Winter 1988 was edited by Russell C. Klein, and published by the LSU School of Medicine Office of Alumni and Continuing Education Services.

This issue consists of 24 pages.

An Anatomical And Physiological Investigation Of Hippocampal Connections Involved In Cardiovascular Control, Kenneth Gary Ruit

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Hyperosmotic Modification Of Brain Extracellular Space And Blood-Brain Barrier In The Rat As Observed By Electron Microscopy, Susan A. Meacham

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The highly selective permeability of cerebral blood vessels, termed the blood-brain barrier, is due to endothelial tight junctions (zonulae occludentes). Hyperosmotic solutions reversibly open the blood-brain barrier. The purpose of this study is to determine the immediate effect of hyperosmotic arabinose perfusion upon the cerebrovascular endothelium, the morphology of the cerebral cortex, and the cortical extracellular space.

Twelve adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into three groups of four animals each: control, intermediate, and extreme. Controls were perfused with a Tyrode's solution prewash followed by trialdehyde fixative. The intermediate group received a prewash of 740 mmol/kg arabinose followed by the …

Molecular Cloning And Sequence Analysis Of The Plasmodium Falciparum Dihydrofolate Reductase-Thymidylate Synthase Gene., David J. Bzik, Wu-Bo Li, Toshihiro Horii, Joseph Inselburg

Dartmouth Scholarship

Genomic DNA clones that coded for the bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and thymidylate synthase (TS) (DHFR-TS) activities from a pyrimethamine-sensitive strain of Plasmodium falciparum were isolated and sequenced. The deduced DHFR-TS protein contained 608 amino acids (71,682 Da). The coding region for DHFR-TS contained no intervening sequences and had a high A + T content (75%). The DHFR domain, in the amino-terminal portion of the protein, was joined by a 94-amino acid junction sequence to the TS domain in the carboxyl-terminal portion of the protein. The TS domain was more conserved than the DHFR domain and both P. falciparum domains …

Identification Of A Complex Associated With Processing And Polyadenylation In Vitro Of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Thymidine Kinase Precursor Rna., Fang Zhang, Charles N. Cole

Dartmouth Scholarship

Cleavage and polyadenylation of substrate RNAs containing the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) thymidine kinase (tk) gene polyadenylation signal region were examined in HeLa cell nuclear extract. 3'-End RNA processing was accurate and efficient and required ATP and Mg2+. Cleavage, but not polyadenylation, occurred in the presence of EDTA or when ATP was replaced with 3' dATP (cordycepin) or AMP(CH2)PP, a nonhydrolyzable analog of ATP. Processing in vitro and in vivo showed the same signal element requirements: a series of substrates containing linker scanning, internal deletion, and small insertion mutations was processed with the same relative efficiencies and at …

Developmental Expression Of Tyrosyl Kinase Activity In Human Serum., Ming-Fong Lin, Joan E. Bailey-Wilson, Robert C. Elston, Gail M. Clinton

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Tyrosine protein kinases, in addition to their roles as viral transforming proteins and growth factor receptors, have been suggested to have specialized functions in tissue specific processes and in differentiation. High levels of soluble tyrosine kinases have been found in human serum and plasma. To determine if the level of tyrosine kinase activity is development tally expressed in human serum, we assayed sera from 214 individuals of different ages from newborns to 90 years. We found that serum tyrosine kinase levels are high in newborns and the levels closely parallel skeletal growth until late adolescence. The serum tyrosine kinase levels …

Compositions And Method Of Treatment For Sickle Cell Anemia, Donald F. Diedrich, Christopher L. Maynard

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Patents

The invention provides a new composition and method for the treatment of sickle cell anemia. . . .

To see the remainder of this abstract, please download this patent.

1987 Spring No. 13, School Of Medicine Office Of Alumni Affairs

Medicinews

LSU Medicinews Number 13 Spring 1987 was edited by Russell C. Klein, and published by the LSU School of Medicine Office of Alumni and Continuing Education Services.

This issue consists of 24 pages.

Habitat Utilization By Harpacticoid Copepods: A Morphometric Approach, Susan S. Bell, Keith Walters, Margaret O. Hall

Integrative Biology Faculty and Staff Publications

Examination of harpacticoid copepod morphology was conducted to determine whether morphological resemblance provides a reasonable index of habltat utilization and movement. Discriminant analysis was used to explore the relationship between body form and habitat utilization for copepod species collected from 3 subhabitats within seagrass beds in Tampa Bay, Florida. To examine the accuracy of our procedure the discriminant function derived for Tarnpa Bay copepods was applied to copepods collected in worldwide studies. Three morphological characteristics - ratio of the length of Pereopod 1 first endopod segment to the remaining endopod segments, area of the cephalosome, and length of the first …

Metabolism Of Branched-Chain Amino Acids By Rat Skeletal Muscle: Regulation Of Branched-Chain Alpha-Keto Acid Dehydrogenase, Robert Paul Aftring

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Catabolism of the essential branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) by skeletal muscle of the rat was investigated. In diaphragm muscles incubated in vitro oxidation and transamination of leucine or valine were accelerated by diabetes or starvation overnight. In the presence of pyruvate, transamination of BCAA by diaphragms was increased; oxidation of BCAA by diaphragms from diabetic or starved rats was increased by pyruvate but was inhibited in diaphragms of normal, fed rats. The effects on transamination were verified by direct measurements of the alpha-ketoisocaproate (KIC) product of leucine transamination. The effect of pyruvate on KIC oxidation by diaphragms was similar to …

The Effects Of Xanthine Analogs On Neonatal Rat And Adult Mouse Respiration, Susan M. Reynolds

Masters Theses

Apnea, a prolonged cessation of breathing, is commonly seen in premature infants. This condition, in its severest form, can be lethal and is a suspected cause of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Sometimes referred to as apnea of prematurity, recurrent apnea is presently being treated with respiratory stimulants known as methylxanthines (MX) such as theophylline and caffeine. The benefits of MXs are accompanied by central nervous system stimulation and cardiostimulation which may be detrimental to a premature infant. Theophylline (1,3-diMX) has been shown to produce some of its effects by antagonizing endogenous adenosine. Another xanthine, enprofylline (3-propylxanthine), is presently being …

Fine-Structure Analysis Of The Processing And Polyadenylation Region Of The Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Thymidine Kinase Gene By Using Linker Scanning, Internal Deletion, And Insertion Mutations., Fang Zhang, Roger M. Denome, Charles N. Cole

Dartmouth Scholarship

Most eucaryotic mRNAs are polyadenylated. In higher eucaryotes, the sequence AATAAA is located 7 to 30 base pairs (bp) upstream from the site of processing and polyadenylation and is a critical part of the signal for processing and polyadenylation. Efficient cleavage and polyadenylation also require sequences downstream of polyadenylation sites. The herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (tk) gene contains two copies of the AATAAA hexanucleotide and a GT box (18 of 19 consecutive residues are G or T) previously shown to be required for efficient processing and polyadenylation of tk mRNA (C. N. Cole and T. P. Stacy, …

Tyrosyl Kinase Activity Is Inversely Related To Prostatic Acid Phosphatase Activity In Two Human Prostate Carcinoma Cell Lines., Ming-Fong Lin, Ching-Li Lee, Gail M. Clinton

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Alterations in prostatic acid phosphatase (PAcP), a phosphotyrosyl phosphatase, corresponded to changes in overall tyrosyl kinase activity. PAcP added to extracts of prostate carcinoma cells with a low endogenous level of PAcP activity and elevated tyrosyl kinase activity decreased the tyrosyl kinase activity. On the other hand, when PAcP activity was decreased by the addition of androgens to cells, there was a corresponding increase in tyrosyl kinase activity.

Diel Patterns Of Active Vertical Migration In Seagrass Meiofauna, Keith Walters, Susan S. Bell

Integrative Biology Faculty and Staff Publications

Patterns of active vertical migration exhibited by sediment-associated meiofauna were examlned in a subtropical seagrass meadow. Total numbers, species composition and percentage of sediment meiofauna found to migrate were examined during two 24 h studies. Large numbers (>20,000 h^-1 m^-2) of harpacticoid copepods representing a substantial proportion (>50 %) of the total benthic harpacticoid community migrated from the sediment into the water column. Nineteen of 36 harpacticoid species identified migrated actively. Migration was greatest during nighttime. Results indicate the importance of vertical migration to benthic-pelagic interactions in shallow seagrass environments.

Physiological Differentiation And Cognitive Discrimination Of An Olfactory Stimulus Produced Under Stress, Robert Gray Perra

Dissertations

Humans may have ability to transmit, receive, and react to biological information from other humans through olfactory chemosensory communication. Two studies examined human (1) ability to differentiate physiologically, via olfaction, fresh stress produced sweat and (2) cognitive discrimination, through smell, of "aged" stress produced sweat. Four stress conditions were employed; (1) exercise, (2) relaxation, (3) sexual arousal, and (4) repulsion.

Experiment I. A male dyad participated--donor and recipient. Donor was prepared to collect his axillary secretion on gauze; following preparation donor was stressed. After stressing, the gauze which was presumed to contain a fresh non-odoriferous sweat, was removed, sandwiched between …

Interaction Of Putative Estrogens And The Estrogen Receptor System In Leydig Cells In The Balb/C Mouse Testis Resulting In The Initiation Of Dna Synthesis, R. Lloyd Juriansz

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Continuous administration of estrogens for 7-9 months, both steroidal and nonsteroidal, to male BALB/c mice, leads to the formation of testicular Leydig cell tumors. Three days following the subcutaneous implantation of a pellet of estrogen in cholesterol, there is a peak in the incorporation of ³H-tymidine into the DNA of the interstitial cells. These effects are hypothesized to be mediated by the estrogen receptor system in the Leydig cell. Common experimental techniques for the measurement of hormone binding, such as dextran coated charcoal treatment, proved to be impossible to employ in this system, therefore a procedure was developed using …

Absence Of A Structural Basis For Intracellular Recognition And Differential Localization Of Nuclear And Plasma Membrane-Associated Forms Of Simian Virus 40 Large Tumor Antigen., Donald L. Jarvis, Charles N. Cole, Janet S. Butel

Dartmouth Scholarship

The simian virus 40 large tumor antigen (T-ag) is found in both the nuclei (nT-ag) and plasma membranes (mT-ag) of simian virus 40-infected or -transformed cells. It is not known how newly synthesized T-ag molecules are recognized, sorted, and transported to their ultimate subcellular destinations. One possibility is that these events depend upon structural differences between nT-ag and mT-ag. To test this possibility, we compared the structures of nT-ag and mT-ag from simian virus 40-infected cells. No differences between the two forms of T-ag were detected by migration in polyacrylamide gels, by Staphylococcus aureus V8 partial proteolytic mapping of methionine- …

Faculty Publications 1985, Lsu Health Sciences Center New Orleans

Historical Faculty Publications

This Faculty bibliography contains 591 publications.

Intimations Of Life: Extracorporeality And The Law, George P. Smith Ii

Scholarly Articles

This article will study and evaluate the efforts of the state and the federal government to approach the problem of procreational autonomy and to resolve the perimeters of its recognition and application. In order to posit a framework for principled decision making, an analysis of the Australian and British efforts to deal with this problem, respectively, through their Waller and Warnock Commissions, will be undertaken together with a consideration of the famous case of Melbourne's "orphan" Rios embryos where, for the very first time, the issue of excess fertilized embryos was presented.

The thesis to be postulated here is simple: …

Role Of Serum Amyloid P Component In Immune Clearance, Cindy L. Bristow

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

In order to clarify the mechanism of interaction of serum amyloid P component (SAP) with complement, the interaction of SAP with Clq was studied. It is known that SAP binds Sepharose 4B in the presence of calcium. 125I-Clq was retained on the Sepharose when purified 125I-Clq was incubated with SAP prior to affinity chromatography on Sepharose. In the absence of SAP, the 125I-Clq was not retained. To further examine the interaction of SAP with Clq, SAP was incubated at varying ratios with Clq. These mixtures were examined via crossed immunoelectro-immunoelectrophoresis against goat anti-SAP. A change in the electrophoretic behavior of …

Sensory Function And Gating Of Histaminergic Neuron C2 In Aplysia, Hillel J. Chiel

Faculty Scholarship

This paper explores the possible sensory function of the identified histaminergic neuron C2. Mechanical stimulation of a narrow region around the mouth of the animal (perioral zone) elicits brief depolarizing potentials in C2. Extracellular recordings from the peripheral axons of C2 indicate that the depolarizing potentials are due to action potentials that are conveyed from the periphery but do not invade the cell body, since they fail at a region with a low safety factor within the cerebral ganglion. These blocked axonal spikes (A- spikes) function as if they were excitatory synaptic inputs to C2, since the synaptic output of …

Activity Of An Identified Histaminergic Neuron, And Its Possible Role In Arousal Of Feeding Behavior In Semi-Intact Aplysia, Hillel J. Chiel

Faculty Scholarship

The possible functions of histaminergic neuron C2 were studied in an isolated head preparation from which it was possible to obtain intracellular recordings while the buccal mass exhibited feeding-like responses. Application of food to the lips of the isolated head preparation elicited rhythmic buccal movements that appeared to be ingestion responses, since they moved seaweed into the buccal cavity and towards the esophagus, and their frequency and regularity was similar to the ingestion responses studied in a group of intact animals. The ingestion responses of the buccal mass consisted of 2 main phases of movement of the radula from a …

An Identified Histaminergic Neuron Modulates Feeding Motor Circuitry In Aplysia, Hillel J. Chiel

Faculty Scholarship

An identified histaminergic neuron, C2, in the marine mollusk Aplysia is a complex mechanoafferent which appears to contribute to the maintenance of food arousal by means of its synaptic connections to the metacerebral cell (MCC). Because C2 also has extensive synaptic outputs to neurons other than the MCC, we studied its possible motor functions. We identified several synaptic followers of C2 and found that some were excitatory motor neurons for extrinsic muscles of the buccal mass, while others were modulatory motor neurons that inhibited contractions. In addition, we found that these neurons and other synaptic followers of C2 received powerful …

Formation Of Influenza Virus Particles Lacking Hemagglutinin On The Viral Envelope, Asit K. Pattnaik, Donald J. Brown, Debi P. Nayak

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

We investigated the intraceUular block in the transport of hemagglutinin (HA) and the role of HA in virus particle formation by using temperature-sensitive (Is) mutants (1s134 and 1s61S) of inOuenza virus AlWSN/33. We found that at the nonpermissive temperature (39.5°C), the exit of ts HA from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex was blocked and that no additional block was apparent in either the exit from the Golgi complex or post-Golgi complex transport. When MDBK ceUs were infected with these mutant viruses, they produced noninfectious virus particles at 39.5°C. The efficiency of particle formation at 39.5°C was essentiaUy …