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N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Subunit Nr2b Is Widely Expressed Throughout The Rat Diencephalon: An Immunohistochemical Study, Khan, B. Stanley, Lisa Bozzetti, Christina Chin, Cyndi Stivers, Margarita Curras-Collazo

Departmental Papers (Biology)

No abstract provided.

Health Professions Division Catalog Academic Year 2000-2001, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

A Simple Method For Generating Full Length Cdna From Low Abundance Partial Genomic Clones, Yongxin Wang, Joseph M. Fugaro, Fauzia Siddiq, Chandra Mouli V. Goparaju, Fulvio Lonardo, Anil Wali, John F. Lechner, Harvey I. Pass

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

PCR amplification of target molecules involves sequence specific primers that flank the region to be amplified. While this technique is generally routine, its applicability may not be sufficient to generate a desired target molecule from two separate regions involving intron /exon boundaries. For these situations, the generation of full-length complementary DNAs from two partial genomic clones becomes necessary for the family of low abundance genes.

Results

The first approach we used for the isolation of full-length cDNA from two known genomic clones of Hox genes was based on fusion PCR. Here we describe a simple and efficient method …

Genetic Enhancement Technologies And The New Society, George P. Smith Ii

Scholarly Articles

So long as procreation continues to remain a central driving force in a marital relationship, and the family the very core of progressive society, efforts will be undertaken to expand the period of fecundity and combat infertility. Genetic planning and eugenic programming are more rational and humane alternatives to population regulation than death by famine and war.

Genetic enhancement technologies and the scientific research undertaken to advance them should be viewed as not only aiding (or, sometimes resolving) the tragedy of infertility in family planning, but as a tool for enhancing the health of a Nation's citizens by engineering man's …

Role Of KAtp Channels In Reduced Antinociceptive Effect Of Morphine In Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice, Vivek Sood, Ajay Sharma, Manjeet Singh

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The nociceptive effect was measured using withdrawal latency in tail flick test in mice rendered diabetic by administering streptozotocin (200 mg/kg, i.p.). The antinociceptive effect of morphine (4 and 8 mg/kg, s.c.) and cromakalim, a KATP channel opener, (0.3, 1 and 2 micrograms, i.c.v.) was significantly reduced in diabetic mice. Moreover, co-administration of cromakalim(0.3 microgram) did not alter the reduced antinociceptive effect of morphine(4 mg/kg) in diabetic mice. Spleenectomy in diabetic mice restored the decrease in antinociceptive effect of morphine and cromakalim. Multiple dose treatment with insulin to maintain euglycaemia for 3 days in diabetic mice prevented the decrease in …

Development Of An Amperometric Biosensor For Lactate., Brian Lillis, Catherine M. Grogan, Helen Berney, Bill Lane

Conference Papers

A gold enzyme electrode for lactate, fabricated on silicon has been developed. Standard silicon processing and micromachining techniques have been applied to the fabrication of three sensor types.

Two planar types and a containment sensor are presented. The enzyme lactate oxidase (LOX) was immobilised in a suitable matrix and placed on a planar gold electrode or in a gold coated, KOH etched silicon cavity. Activity and stability of the enzyme LOX was assessed in a modified BSA gel and two sol gel matrices. The enzyme has shown above average stability of three months, stored dry, when immobilised in a sol …

Identification Of The Transactivation Domain Of The Transcription Factor Sox-2 And An Associated Co-Activator, Tamara K. Nowling, Lance R. Johnson, Matthew S. Wiebe, Angie Rizzino

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

The importance of interactions between Sox and POU transcription factors in the regulation of gene expression is becoming increasingly apparent. Recently, many examples of the involvement of Sox-POU partnerships in transcription have been discovered, including a partnership between Sox-2 and Oct-3. Little is known about the mechanisms by which these factors modulate transcription. To better understand the molecular interactions involved, we mapped the location of the transactivation do-main of Sox-2. This was done in the context of its interaction with Oct-3, as well as its ability to transactivate as a fusion protein linked to the DNA-binding domain of Gal4. Both …

Modulation Of The Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics Of Proteins By Polyethylene Glycol Conjugation, Reza Mehvar

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

With the rapid advances in the field of biotechnology during the last decade, many peptides and proteins have been produced and evaluated for therapy of various diseases, including cancer. However, rapid clearance and the possibility of immunogenicity after the in vivo administration of these biotechnology-driven products have impeded their marketing. To circumvent these problems, synthetic and natural polymers such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) and dextrans, respectively, have been covalently attached to proteins, and some of these protein-polymer conjugates have shown promising therapeutic results. The conjugation of proteins with polymers usually causes a reduction in the recognition of the protein by …

Biological Dosimetry Following X-Ray Irradiation, Münevver Coşkun, Asli Top, Tuncay Orta

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Control radiation dose-response curves are necessary in evaluating the absorbed radiation dose of similar radiation quality following radiation accidents or in monitoring the health of both the public and radiation workers. Each biological dosimetry laboratory should establish its own control dose-response data. In this study our aim was to establish control curves for 200 kVp X-rays in our laboratory in order to estimate absorbed radiation doses following exposures. Blood samples from healthy individuals with no radiation working history were irradiated in heparinized tubes at 10 different doses 0.10-5.00 Gy. Cells from irradiated whole blood were incubated in culture containing phytohemagglutinin …

Breast Carcinoma Showing Neuroendocrine Differentiation Characterized With Ectopic Hormone Production (2 Case Reports), Gülay Özbi̇li̇m, Bahar Kiliçarslan, Ekmel Tezer, Ayla Büyükkeçe, Melek Üstün, Şeyda Karaveli̇, Nezi̇hi̇ Oygür

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Adsorption Of Iron Or Ferritin By Chitosan, Şi̇nasi̇ Özsoylu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Renin-Angiotensin System Inregulating Fibrinolytic Balance: Potentialmechanism In Prevention Of Myocardialinfarction, Mehmet Ağirbasli, Douglas E. Vaughan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Sodium Selenite On The Antioxidative Defence Mechanism Of Human Hepatoma G_2 Cells, Kayahan Fişkin

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Human cells that live in biological harmony can become cancerous. As they do so, they engage in anaerobic respiration, undergo rapid cell growth and division according to nonmitotic rules, and important changes take place in their metabolism. We conducted several investigations in an effort to block or change the metabolic characteristics of cancer cells using a typical cancerous cell line. Specifically,we investigated the effects of sodium selenite (Na_2 SeO_ 3 ) on antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced glutathione levels in Hepatoma G_ 2 cells, cells that show rapid glutamine uptake and metabolism. A Hepatoma G_ 2 cell line was cultured …

Biomimetic Preparation Of Ha Powders At 37°C In Urea-And Enzyme Urease-Containing Synthetic Body Fluids, Defne Bayraktar, A. Cüneyt Taş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

An important inorganic phase of synthetic bone applications, calcium hydroxyapatite (HA, Ca_10 (PO_ 4 ) 6_(OH_2 ), was prepared as a single-phase and sub-micron bioceramic powder. Carbonated HA powders were synthesized from calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and di-ammonium hydrogen phosphate salts dissolved in synthetic body fluid (SBF) solutions, containing urea (H_2 NCONH_2 ) and enzyme urease, under the biomimetic conditions of 37°C and pH 7.4, with a novel chemical precipitation technique. These powders were also found to contain trace amounts of Na and Mg ions in them, intentionally incorporated by using SBF solutions, instead of pure water, during their synthesis. The …

Serum Antiotensin Converting Enzyme Activity In Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats, Mustafa Vakur Bor, Esra Seval Elmali, Ni̇lgün Altan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Lineage-Restricted Function Of Nuclear Factor Kappab-Inducing Kinase (Nik) In Transducing Signals Via Cd40., Norman Garceau, Yoko Kosaka, Sally Masters, John Hambor, Reiko Shinkura, Tasuko Honjo, Randolph J. Noelle

Dartmouth Scholarship

CD40 signaling in B cells and dendritic cells (DCs) is critical for the development of humoral and cell-mediated immunity, respectively. Nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB)-inducing kinase (NIK) has been implicated as a central transducing kinase in CD40-dependent activation. Here, we show that although NIK is essential for B cell activation, it is dispensable for activation of DCs. Such data provide compelling evidence that different intermediary kinases are used by different cellular lineages to trigger NF-kappaB activation via CD40.

Effect Of Actinomycin D And Cycloheximide On Ischemic Preconditioning-Induced Delayed Cardioprotective Effect In Rats, Devinder Singh, Ajay Sharma, Manjeet Singh

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of actinomycin D, a transcription inhibitor, and cycloheximide, a translation inhibitor, on the delayed cardioprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning. Left thoracotomy was performed in anaesthetized rats at 4th/5th intercostal space and polypropylene suture (5-0) was employed to occlude left common coronary artery. Ischemic preconditioning was produced by four episodes of 5 min of coronary artery occlusion followed by 5 min of reperfusion and thoracic cavity was sutured. Left thoracotomy was performed again after 24 hr of ischemic preconditioning and left coronary artery was occluded for 30 min followed by reperfusion for …

Investigations Of The Absorption And Metabolismof Antioxidant Flavonols, Abdul Aziz Azlina

Student Works (2000-2009)

Flavonols are polyphenols, secondary plant metabolites commonly found in plants and foods of plant origin. They have widespread biological properties in the human body. The recent discovery of their potential antioxidant activities has prompted extensive research. Flavonols particularly quercetin are potent antioxidants with higher antioxidant properties than the well known antioxidant vitamins C and E. Several epidemiology studies have demonstrated a strong inverse association between flavonoid intake and risk of coronary heart disease. The association with cancer is less defined with only some studies showing an inverse association and others not. In view of their potential to act as antioxidants …

Molecular Investigations In The Role Of The Galk1 Gene In Galactokinase Deficiency, Michael L. Hunter

Theses : Honours

Galactokinase deficiency is an autosomal-recessive inborn error of galactose metabolism whose major clinical manifestation is the development of cataracts during the first months of life. This metabolic disorder is caused by defects in the first enzyme of the Leloir pathway, galactokinase, encoded by the gene GALK1 on chromosome 17q24. Despite the identification of a number of conserved domains in GALK1, understanding of the functional significance of these regions and the molecular basis of the disorder is limited. This is largely due to the rarity of the disease and the fact that the small number of GALK1 mutations identified to-date are …

Ethical Issues In Dementia, Peter J. Whitehouse

Faculty Scholarship

The growing number of individuals affected by dementia will intensify the ethical issues that emerge in clinical practice and research, issues early in disease relate to genetic testing, use of medications in mildly affected persons, and diagnostic disclosure. Research issues relate to appropriate informed consent processes, conflict of interests, and research design issues, such as the use of placebos and the use of biological tissues. In the later stages of disease concern about appropriate therapeutic goals and end-of-life care is appropriate.

Isovolumic Regulation In Nervous Tissue: A Novel Mechanism Of Cell Volume Regulation, O. Quesada, R. Franco, K. Hernandez-Fonseca, K. Tuz

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Cell volume regulation is a property present in most animal cell lineages that allows them to recover their original volume after events of swelling or shrinkage. Such events can be caused by changes in external osmolarity or to osmotic gradients generated during normal cell functioning.4,6 The mechanism of cell volume regulation involves transmembrane fluxes of osmotically active solutes in the necessary direction to counteract the net gain or loss of intracellular water.9 The process through which cells recover their normal volume after swelling is named Regulatory Volume Decrease (RVD). This consists of the efflux of inorganic osmolytes, such as K …

A Cultivated Taste For Yeast., C Brenner

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

The availability of complete genomic sequences of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has catalyzed a cultural change in the practice of yeast biology, providing opportunities to develop high throughput techniques to define protein function, to define drug targets, and to discover and characterize drugs.

Evaluation Of Chitosan As A Potential Medical Iron (Iii) Ion Adsorbent, Ayer Burke, Elvan Yilmaz, Nesri̇n Hasirci

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Chitosan, a derivative of the natural polysaccharide chitin, is known for its biocompatibility and metal-binding capacity. The aim of this study was to combine these two properties of chitosan and investigate its potential as a new iron (III) ion (ferric ion) adsorbing agent. The development of a safe and orally active iron chelating agent is especially important for the treatment of thalassemics. In this study, the physicochemical parameters affecting the ability of chitosan flakes to adsorb iron (III) ions were studied by complexometric titration. The results showed that the iron (III) adsorption capacity of chitosan increases with the amount of …

A Case Of Partial Trisomy 13 Findings With 46,Xx,Der(7)T(7;13)(P22;Q31)Mat Karyotype, E. Ferda Perçi̇n, Y. Selma Sungu, Hati̇ce Ilgin Ruhi̇, Ayça Törel Ergur, Füsun Düzcan, İlhan Sezgi̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Global Carbon Metabolism Regulator Crc Is A Component Of A Signal Transduction Pathway Required For Biofilm Development By Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, George A. O'Toole, Karine A. Gibbs, Paul W. Hager, Paul V. Phibbs, Roberto Kolter

Dartmouth Scholarship

The transition from a planktonic (free-swimming) existence to growth attached to a surface in a biofilm occurs in response to environmental factors, including the availability of nutrients. We show that the catabolite repression control (Crc) protein, which plays a role in the regulation of carbon metabolism, is necessary for biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Using phase-contrast microscopy, we found that a crc mutant only makes a dispersed monolayer of cells on a plastic surface but does not develop the dense monolayer punctuated by microcolonies typical of the wild-type strain. This is a phenotype identical to that observed in mutants …

Auto-Inhibition Of Ets-1 Is Counteracted By Dna Binding Cooperativity With Core-Binding Factor Α2, Tamara L. Goetz, Ting-Lei Gu, Nancy A. Speck, Barbara J. Graves

Dartmouth Scholarship

Auto-inhibition is a common transcriptional control mechanism that is well characterized in the regulatory transcription factor Ets-1. Autoinhibition of Ets-1 DNA binding works through an inhibitory module that exists in two conformations. DNA binding requires a change in the inhibitory module from the packed to disrupted conformation. This structural switch provides a mechanism to tightly regulate Ets-1 DNA binding. We report that the Ets-1 partner protein core-binding factor α2 (CBFα2; also known as AML1 or PEBP2) stimulates Ets-1 DNA binding and counteracts auto-inhibition. Support for this conclusion came from three observations. First, the level of cooperative DNA binding (10-fold) was …

Assessment Of Prothrombotic Tendency In Humans Using Functional And Genomic Determinants, Pádraig O'Sullivan

Theses

Thrombophilia describes the familial or acquired disorders of the haemostatic mechanism that are likely to predispose to thrombosis. Venous thrombosis and its associated complications account for a significant number of hospital admissions and deaths annually having a significant health-economic impact on the heath-care industry globally. Mutations in genes that code for proteins involved directly (or indirectly) in blood coagulation have been associated with prothrombotic states. The majority of inherited genetic defects were attributed to polymorphisms in Antithrombin III, Protein C, and Protein S genes until 1994. Together these accounted for only 5-10% of individuals with thrombosis. Subsequently the Factor V …

A Linkage Study Of Autism Using Multipoint Sib-Pair Analysis, Tamara Rogers

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Autism is a severe developmental disorder that was first described by Kanner in 1943. It is characterised by four major criteria: marked social deficits, delay in language development, a restricted range of stereotyped repetitive behaviours and onset of the disease within the first three years of life. The last decade of research has provided support for a strong genetic basis in the aetiology of autism. Firstly, a number of genetic conditions, such as fragile X syndrome, chromosome 15 anomalies and tuberous sclerosis, have been associated with autism. Secondly, family studies have demonstrated that the recurrence risk for autism among siblings …

Telomerase Activity In Human Preimplantation Embryos, Diane Lynne Wright

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

Telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein, has been described as an essential component of highly proliferative cells, which stabilizes the telomeres and avoids cellular senescence. Telomerase has been identified in various embryonic cell stages, hematopoietic cells, and in >85% of tumor tissue biopsies analyzed. The ability to measure the potential to proliferate successfully could provide an objective measure of an embryo's quality. The objectives of this study were to modify the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay system for increased sensitivity to allow detection of telomerase activity in the single cell of an oocyte and embryo, obtain telomerase activity levels for the oocyte …

Spin Trapping Pharmaceutical Compositions And Methods For Use Thereof, John M. Carney, Robert A. Floyd

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Patents

Spin trapping compositions in general have now been discovered to be effective in treating a variety of disorders, including disorders such as those arising from ischemia, infection, inflammation, exposure to radiation or cytotoxic compounds, not just of the central and peripheral nervous systems but of peripheral organ disease having a wide variety of etiologies. In the preferred embodiment, the compositions for treating tissue damage from ischemia contain PBN, or active derivatives thereof, in a suitable pharmaceutical carrier for intravenous, oral, topical, or nasal/pulmonary administration. Other preferred spin-trapping agents include 5,5-dimethyl pyrroline N-oxide, (DMPO), α-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone, (POBN), and (TEMPO) spin-trapping derivatives thereof. …