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Association Of Palb2 Variants With Risk To Breast Cancer And Molecular Characterisation Of Palb2 Tumours, Ng Pei Sze Jan 2021

Association Of Palb2 Variants With Risk To Breast Cancer And Molecular Characterisation Of Palb2 Tumours, Ng Pei Sze

Student Works (2020-2029)

Purpose: Germline rare protein truncating variants (PTVs) in PALB2 are associated with an increased risk to breast cancer. At present, most of the available data on genetic predisposition to breast cancer are derived from studies in women of European descent, and it is unclear the extent to which population-specific differences in genetic and lifestyle factors may contribute to differences in lifetime risk to breast cancer in women of other ancestries. This study sought to determine the prevalence of, mutation spectrum in and the risk estimates associated with PALB2 in a multiethnic cohort of 7840 breast cancer cases and 7928 healthy …

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Vasopressin Regulates Daily Rhythms And Circadian Clock Circuits In A Manner Influenced By Sex, Kayla Rohr, Adam Telega, Alexandra Savaglio, Jennifer A. Evans Jan 2021

Vasopressin Regulates Daily Rhythms And Circadian Clock Circuits In A Manner Influenced By Sex, Kayla Rohr, Adam Telega, Alexandra Savaglio, Jennifer A. Evans

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a neurohormone that alters cellular physiology through both endocrine and synaptic signaling. Circadian rhythms in AVP release and other biological processes are driven by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the anterior hypothalamus. Loss of vasopressin signaling alters circadian behavior, but the basis of these effects remains unclear. Here we investigate the role of AVP signaling in circadian timekeeping by analyzing behavior and SCN function in a novel AVP-deficient mouse model. Consistent with previous work, loss of AVP signaling increases water consumption and accelerates recovery to simulated jetlag. We expand on these results to show that loss …

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Carving The Path To Allogeneic Car T Cell Therapy In Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Oren Pasvolsky, May Daher, Gheath Alatrash, David Marin, Naval Daver, Farhad Ravandi, Katy Rezvani, Elizabeth Shpall, Partow Kebriaei Jan 2021

Carving The Path To Allogeneic Car T Cell Therapy In Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Oren Pasvolsky, May Daher, Gheath Alatrash, David Marin, Naval Daver, Farhad Ravandi, Katy Rezvani, Elizabeth Shpall, Partow Kebriaei

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Despite advances in the understanding of the genetic landscape of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the addition of targeted biological and epigenetic therapies to the available armamentarium, achieving long-term disease-free survival remains an unmet need. Building on growing knowledge of the interactions between leukemic cells and their bone marrow microenvironment, strategies to battle AML by immunotherapy are under investigation. In the current review we describe the advances in immunotherapy for AML, with a focus on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. CARs constitute powerful immunologic modalities, with proven clinical success in B-Cell malignancies. We discuss the challenges and possible …

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Physician Knowledge, Attitudes, And Behaviors Towards Registered Dietitian Nutritionists, Amy Motley Jones Jan 2021

Physician Knowledge, Attitudes, And Behaviors Towards Registered Dietitian Nutritionists, Amy Motley Jones

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Diet is increasingly linked with overall quality of life, and a healthy diet is now being considered one of the cornerstones of preventative care. Physicians rely on Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (RDNs) as most doctors lack the nutrition knowledge to properly treat their patients, especially during their residency. Little published information exists on the specific collaboration of RDNs and resident physicians. This study aimed to determine whether mentoring with an RDN increased physician nutrition knowledge, increased consults to RDNs, and whether physician attitudes improved regarding their understanding of the role of the RDN in healthcare. Knowledge or attitude alone are not …

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Characterizing The Role Of Necroptosis Of Airway Epithelial Cells In The Immune Response To Respiratory Pathogens, Ashleigh Nichole Riegler Jan 2021

Characterizing The Role Of Necroptosis Of Airway Epithelial Cells In The Immune Response To Respiratory Pathogens, Ashleigh Nichole Riegler

All ETDs from UAB

Necroptosis, a programmed form of lytic cell death, is initiated by various viral and bacterial pathogens through irreparable ion dysregulation and energy depletion. This cellular damage results in the activation of the cellular kinases RIPK1 and RIPK3, consecutively, and the activation and membrane targeting of MLKL, the latter responsible for lysis. Here we have demonstrated that necroptosis of airway epithelial cells is key in the development of the adaptive immune response to asymptomatic colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn). Briefly, necroptotic deficient animals or wildtype animals colonized with Spn lacking the necroptosis-triggering pneumolysin toxin, failed to recruit CD11c+ leukocytes to the …

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Neonatal Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection Disrupts Synapse Remodeling During Development, Jerome Moulden Jan 2021

Neonatal Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection Disrupts Synapse Remodeling During Development, Jerome Moulden

All ETDs from UAB

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a complex double stranded DNA betaherpesvirus. Its linear DNA in enclosed in an icosahedral capsid, and has a genome size of about 230kb and encodes about 170 genes. Primary infection with HCMV lead to a lifelong persistent infection. HCMV can also be transmitted across the placenta and infect the developing fetus leading to infection of the newborn infant, an infection which is commonly described as congenital HCMV infection. In the United States, the prevalence of congenital HCMV infection is between 0.2-1.2%. Approximately 5-15% of these newborn infants will develop long-term neurological damage resulting, motor disorder, cognition …

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Tgfβ Provides The Backbone Of Embryogenesis: Elucidating The Role Of Tgfβ Signaling And Its Downstream Effectors On Spinal Column Development, Sade Williams Clayton Jan 2021

Tgfβ Provides The Backbone Of Embryogenesis: Elucidating The Role Of Tgfβ Signaling And Its Downstream Effectors On Spinal Column Development, Sade Williams Clayton

All ETDs from UAB

The spinal column is composed of two components, the vertebra (VB) that provide support and the intervertebral disc (IVD) that provide weight distribution. The structural integrity of IVDs is maintained by a fibrocartilaginous tissue called the annulus fibrosus (AF) which can degenerate with age or trauma and contribute to chronic back pain. There are currently no diseases modifying treatments that curb IVD degeneration. Regenerative therapies to treat IVD degeneration can be developed from identifying the signaling factors required for AF differentiation, but these factors are unknown. Previously, we showed that TGFβ signaling is required for AF formation in mice and …

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Stress And Neuropeptide Y: Hippocampal Crossroads, Mariana Andrea Cortes Jan 2021

Stress And Neuropeptide Y: Hippocampal Crossroads, Mariana Andrea Cortes

All ETDs from UAB

Anxiety disorders are the most common neuropsychiatric disorders diagnosed in adolescence and adulthood. While most animal models of trauma and stress-related disorders are performed in adults, and clinical trials for the treatment of these disorders typically include adult patients, there is a gap in knowledge for understanding how traumatic disorders develop in adolescence. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is an endogenous peptide that provides anxiolytic benefits, and promotes feeding, arousal, and reduces inflammation. While being reduced in patients with depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), animal models using NPY injections directly in to hippocampus have found it to be sufficient for blocking …

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The Hocl Response Of Escherichia Coli., Rhea Marie Derke Jan 2021

The Hocl Response Of Escherichia Coli., Rhea Marie Derke

All ETDs from UAB

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), like Chron’s disease and ulcerative colitis, affect millions of people worldwide. There are limited treatment options available for these diseases because their direct causes are unknown. IBDs are characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract and changes in the composition of the gut microbiome. Enterobacteria, including Escherichia coli, bloom to high levels in the gut during inflammation and contribute to the pathology of IBDs. E. coli must tolerate high levels of antimicrobial compounds produced by the immune system to survive during persistent inflammation. A large proportion of such compounds are reactive oxygen and reactive chlorine …

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Alternative Splicing Of Anxa7 Dictates Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Fates In Glioblastoma, Sindhu Nair Jan 2021

Alternative Splicing Of Anxa7 Dictates Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Fates In Glioblastoma, Sindhu Nair

All ETDs from UAB

Alternative splicing (AS) is a tightly regulated process essential for lineage specification in complex tissues like the brain. Dysregulated splicing in glioblastoma (GBM) is a mechanism exploited by tumor cells to retain or splice out exons consequently rewiring isoform-specific protein interactions to sustain tumor phenotypes. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) amplifications are frequent events in GBM driving tumor growth and progression and are key targets for chemotherapy. However, RTK targeting in GBM has achieved limited success predominantly due to adaptive mechanisms of resistance in a constantly evolving tumor microenvironment. Clonal populations and crosstalk between RTKs sustain heterogeneity within a tumor leading …

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The Role Of Cd38 In Anti-Tumor Immunity And Tumor Immune Evasion, Panpan Yuan Jan 2021

The Role Of Cd38 In Anti-Tumor Immunity And Tumor Immune Evasion, Panpan Yuan

All ETDs from UAB

CD38 is a multifunctional protein that is expressed in many immune cells, modulating NAD metabolism, inflammation and oxidative stress. Recent studies suggest that CD38 is also implicated in tumor immunosuppression. However, the role of CD38 in anti-tumor immunity and tumor immune evasion, and mechanisms involved, are still unclear. We hypothesized that CD38 expression by immune cells constricts T cell-mediated anti-tumor immune responses and promotes tumor cell immune evasion. We investigated whether mice lacking CD38 (CD38-/-) had impaired tumor growth in subcutaneous, intraperitoneal and intravenous syngeneic tumor models. CD38-/- mice showed no difference in subcutaneous B16 melanoma tumor growth and pulmonary …

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Microbiopsy Sampling For Examining Age-Related Differences In Skeletal Muscle Fiber Morphology And Composition, Garrett Hester, Trisha Vandusseldorp, Phuong L. Ha, Kaveh Kiani, Alex A. Olmos, Melody Jabbari, Shania Kalladanthyil, Soobin An, Alyssa R. Bailly, Benjamin E. Dalton, Anton Bryantsev Jan 2021

Microbiopsy Sampling For Examining Age-Related Differences In Skeletal Muscle Fiber Morphology And Composition, Garrett Hester, Trisha Vandusseldorp, Phuong L. Ha, Kaveh Kiani, Alex A. Olmos, Melody Jabbari, Shania Kalladanthyil, Soobin An, Alyssa R. Bailly, Benjamin E. Dalton, Anton Bryantsev

Faculty Articles

The increasingly popular microbiopsy is an appealing alternative to the more invasive Bergström biopsy given the challenges associated with harvesting skeletal muscle in older populations. Parameters of muscle fiber morphology and composition derived from the microbiopsy have not been compared between young and older adults. The purpose of this study was to examine muscle fiber morphology and composition in young (YM) and older (OM) males using the microbiopsy sampling technique. A secondary aim was to determine if specific strength is associated with serum levels of C-terminal agrin fragment [CAF; an indicator of neuromuscular junction (NMJ) degradation]. Thirty healthy, YM ( …

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Deep Learning For Automated Analysis Of Cellular And Extracellular Components Of The Foreign Body Response In Multiphoton Microscopy Images, Mattia Sarti, Maria Parlani, Luis Diaz-Gomez, Antonios G Mikos, Pietro Cerveri, Stefano Casarin, Eleonora Dondossola Jan 2021

Deep Learning For Automated Analysis Of Cellular And Extracellular Components Of The Foreign Body Response In Multiphoton Microscopy Images, Mattia Sarti, Maria Parlani, Luis Diaz-Gomez, Antonios G Mikos, Pietro Cerveri, Stefano Casarin, Eleonora Dondossola

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The Foreign body response (FBR) is a major unresolved challenge that compromises medical implant integration and function by inflammation and fibrotic encapsulation. Mice implanted with polymeric scaffolds coupled to intravital non-linear multiphoton microscopy acquisition enable multiparametric, longitudinal investigation of the FBR evolution and interference strategies. However, follow-up analyses based on visual localization and manual segmentation are extremely time-consuming, subject to human error, and do not allow for automated parameter extraction. We developed an integrated computational pipeline based on an innovative and versatile variant of the U-Net neural network to segment and quantify cellular and extracellular structures of interest, which is …

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The Association Of Reproductive Factors And Exogenous Hormone Use With Distal Sensory Neuropathy Among The Us Postmenopausal Women: Results From 1999–2004 Nhanes, Jiayu Li Jan 2021

The Association Of Reproductive Factors And Exogenous Hormone Use With Distal Sensory Neuropathy Among The Us Postmenopausal Women: Results From 1999–2004 Nhanes, Jiayu Li

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: Distal sensory neuropathy is a common disorder in the peripheral nervous system. We aimed to investigate the association between reproductive history factors and distal sensory neuropathy among the US postmenopausal women aged 40 years and over. We also explored the heterogeneity of these associations by age. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted with data from postmenopausal women aged 40 years and over in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004. Women with diabetes, stroke, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, thyroid disease, liver disease, weak/failing kidneys, or amputation were excluded. Distal sensory neuropathy was measured via 10-gram monofilament test and all …

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Ocular Surface Microbiome In Diabetes Mellitus, Orathai Suwajanakorn Jan 2021

Ocular Surface Microbiome In Diabetes Mellitus, Orathai Suwajanakorn

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This cross-sectional, age and gender matched study included 20 eyes of non-diabetic subjects (non-DM group) and 60 eyes of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM group). Subgroups of DM were classified by diabetic retinopathy (DR) staging into no DR (DM-no DR), non-proliferative DR (DM-NPDR), proliferative DR (DM-PDR), and by glycemic control (well-controlled DM; HbA1c<7%, poorly-controlled DM; HbA1c≥7%). Conjunctival swabs were performed for ocular surface microbiome analysis using conventional culture and next-generation sequencing analysis (NGS). A higher culture-positive rate was found in DM (15%) than in non-DM group (5%) (pvalue=0.437). Antibiotic-resistant organisms were only detected in the DR groups (DM-NPDR and DM-PDR). The NGS analysis showed that potentially pathogenic bacteria predominated in DM, especially in DR. There was dissimilarity in the ocular surface microbiome between DM and non-DM groups. The subgroup analysis showed that the DR group had significantly different microbial community from DM-no DR and non-DM groups (p-value<0.05). The microbial community in the poorly-controlled DM was also significantly different from well-controlled DM and non-DM groups (p<0.001). Using the NGS method, this study is the first to signify the importance of DR and glycemic control status, which affect the changes in the ocular surface microbiome.

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Histone 3 And Histone 4 Acetylation Pattern In Well-Differentiated Thyroid Lesions And Normal Thyroid Tissue With Their Potential In Diagnostic Implication, Nishal Chhetri Jan 2021

Histone 3 And Histone 4 Acetylation Pattern In Well-Differentiated Thyroid Lesions And Normal Thyroid Tissue With Their Potential In Diagnostic Implication, Nishal Chhetri

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study estimated the histone modification (hypoacetylation or hyperacetylation) in thyroid lesions, using immunohistochemistry compared with their normal counterpart. FFPE sections of surgically removed PTC, FA, FTC, and nodular goiter samples were collected from the archives of the Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University from 2016-2018 and stained with anti-acetyl histone 3 antibody (H3K9/K14ac) and anti-acetyl histone 4 antibody (H4K5,8,12 and 16ac). The intensity and proportion of immunostaining of the lesions and their normal thyroid tissue counterparts were automatically scored by Aperio ImageScope software. A total of 147 benign and malignant thyroid lesions cases, including 28 FA, 50 …

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Development Of Novel Point-Of-Care-Testing For Oxalate Detection In Urine Based On Oxalate-Binding Ligands, Naruerat Joybumrung Jan 2021

Development Of Novel Point-Of-Care-Testing For Oxalate Detection In Urine Based On Oxalate-Binding Ligands, Naruerat Joybumrung

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Kidney stone disease is the third most common urinary tract disease worldwide that is more prevalent in the tropics. In Thailand, the highest stone prevalence up to 17% is reported in the Northeast. The disease is highly recurrent with a recurrence rate of about 50% within 5-10 years. The most common type of kidney stones is calcium oxalate (CaOx), and an increased urinary oxalate excretion is an important risk factor. Most of kidney stone patients have a hyperoxaluria condition (urinary oxalate >40 mg/day or >0.46 mmol/day). Therefore, urinary oxalate measurement has been widely used for estimating the risk of CaOx …

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Epigenetic Regulation Of Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Tumor Progression In Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Suchittra Phoyen Jan 2021

Epigenetic Regulation Of Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Tumor Progression In Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Suchittra Phoyen

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Oxidative stress is a consequence of an imbalance of antioxidants and reactive species. The most common form of reactive species is derived from oxygen, called reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS involve in pathogenesis of several diseases including cancers. Cancer genesis and progression are contributed through both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Histone modification, a post-translational modification at histone tails, is one of the epigenetic mechanisms known to participate in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Although the ROS-induced histone modification alteration has been demonstrated in some cancers, the change in histone methylation and gene expression by ROS in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is scarcely …

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Integrative Transcriptomic Analysis And Validation Of Non-Coding Rna In Liver Cancers, Varunya Virushkul Jan 2021

Integrative Transcriptomic Analysis And Validation Of Non-Coding Rna In Liver Cancers, Varunya Virushkul

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) are the most common and cause cancer-related deaths. Due to the lack of sensitivity and specificity of conventional markers, such as AFP, CA19-9 and CEA. Thus, this study aimed to identify miRNAs as a diagnostic biomarker for HCC and iCCA. First, in discovery set, RNA sequencing and small RNA sequencing data of 992 HCC and adjacent tissues and 116 iCCA and adjacent tissues were downloaded from the GEO database. After that, the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed and analyzed for the differential expression of lncRNA (DElncRNA), miRNA (DEmiRNA), and mRNA (DEmRNA). Then, the significant …

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Development Of A Human Viable Heavy Chain Antibody Against The Alpha Folate Receptor As A Molecule For Targeted Application By Phage Display Technology, Nattihda Parakasikron Jan 2021

Development Of A Human Viable Heavy Chain Antibody Against The Alpha Folate Receptor As A Molecule For Targeted Application By Phage Display Technology, Nattihda Parakasikron

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Alpha folate receptor (FRα) is currently under investigation as a target for the treatment of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), since it is highly expressed in tumor cells but is largely absent in normal tissue. In this study, a novel human variable domain of a heavy-chain (VH) antibody fragment specific to FRα was enriched and selected by phage bio-planning. The positive phage clone (3A102 VH) is specifically bound to FRα and also cross-reacted with FRβ, as tested by ELISA. Clone 3A102 VH was then successfully expressed as a soluble protein in an E. coli shuffle strain. The obtained soluble …

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A Comparative Study Of Gut Microbiota In The Healthy Elderly And The Elderly With Colorectal Cancer, Nutta Iadsee Jan 2021

A Comparative Study Of Gut Microbiota In The Healthy Elderly And The Elderly With Colorectal Cancer, Nutta Iadsee

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Colorectal cancer is one of the third most common cancer worldwide. Dysbiosis of the human gut microbiota has been linked to sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to compare the gut microbiota profile of a total of 80 Thai volunteers, who were above 50 years old, among 25 CRC patients, 33 adenoma patients, and 22 healthy controls (HC). The 16S rRNA sequencing was utilized to characterize the gut microbiome in both mucosal tissue and stool samples. Moreover, absolute quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay was conducted to quantify six CRC-associated bacteria including Fusobacterium nucleatum (FN), Parvimonas micra (PM), colibactin positive strains …

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The Effect Of Xylitol And Erythritol In The Presence Of Sucrose On Single And Mixed-Species Biofilm Of Early Colonizer And Cariogenic Streptococci, Panadda Yuapibanrak Jan 2021

The Effect Of Xylitol And Erythritol In The Presence Of Sucrose On Single And Mixed-Species Biofilm Of Early Colonizer And Cariogenic Streptococci, Panadda Yuapibanrak

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Dental caries is caused by multiple factors. An essential factor is sucrose. Dental caries is the result of an imbalance between early colonizers and cariogenic bacteria in biofilms. Sugar alcohols, xylitol and erythritol, become more popular because they do not cause cavities and are also effective at preventing caries. In everyday life, however, sucrose consumption is unavoidable. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of xylitol and erythritol in the presence of sucrose on single- and mixed-species biofilm of early colonizers and cariogenic bacteria. Bacteria were cultured in broth containing 1% sucrose compared to broth containing …

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Comparative Response Of Dendritic Cells To Pathogenic And Non-Pathogenic Leptospira Spp., Pratomporn Krangvichian Jan 2021

Comparative Response Of Dendritic Cells To Pathogenic And Non-Pathogenic Leptospira Spp., Pratomporn Krangvichian

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira species, which consist of three groups and contain 4 subclades: pathogenic strains (P1), intermediate strains (P2), and non-pathogenic strains (S1 and S2). Infection of pathogenic leptospires occurs through contact with contaminated environments. Then, leptospires present in the bloodstream disseminate to target organs. Nowadays, the knowledge of the immune response to pathogenic and non-pathogenic leptospires during early infection is still limited. Due to the limitation of a susceptible host, immunological reagents for hamsters and strains of mice are limited and not available. Dendritic cells are the first cells to encounter leptospires found …

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Designing An Extracorporeal Plasma Filtration Column With Specific Binding To Dengue Virions, Sasiwimon Thonghong Jan 2021

Designing An Extracorporeal Plasma Filtration Column With Specific Binding To Dengue Virions, Sasiwimon Thonghong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Dengue infection is one of the major public health concerns and no specific treatment is currently available. An extracorporeal system is one of the alternative treatment in severe dengue patients with impending shock. However, the commercial immunoadsorption devices were size-exclusive, non-selective designed for multipurpose thus not specific for dengue syndrome. This study focuses on establishing the flavivirus-specific (4G2) antibody entrapped into the alginate bead. Results showed that the viral titer reduced more than 90 % after 3 h running on a simulated circuit quantified by reverse transcription qPCR and plaque titration assay. The experiments were repeated with two biological replicates …

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Endotoxemia From Nsaids-Induced Gut-Leakage Enhanced Lupus Characteristics In Fc Gamma Receptor Iib Deficient Lupus Mice, Thansita Bhunyakarnjanarat Jan 2021

Endotoxemia From Nsaids-Induced Gut-Leakage Enhanced Lupus Characteristics In Fc Gamma Receptor Iib Deficient Lupus Mice, Thansita Bhunyakarnjanarat

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

High dose of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), the common analgesia, might induce lupus activity through NSAIDs-induced gastrointestinal permeability defect (gut leakage) that causes endotoxemia. Indomethacin (25 mg/day) was orally administered for 7 days in 24-week-old Fc gamma receptor IIb deficient (FcgRIIb-/-) mice, an asymptomatic lupus model, and age-matched wild-type (WT) mice. The severity of indomethacin-induced enteropathy in FcgRIIb-/- mice was higher than WT mice as demonstrated by intestinal injury (histology, immune-deposition and intestinal cytokines), gut leakage (FITC-dextran assay and endotoxemia) and serum cytokines. In addition, higher responses against endotoxemia in indomethacin-administered FcgRIIb-/- mice was also supported by the prominent responses …

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Impact Of Bacterial Dna In Severity Of Sepsis, Warerat Kaewduangduen Jan 2021

Impact Of Bacterial Dna In Severity Of Sepsis, Warerat Kaewduangduen

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Bacterial sepsis can be caused by intestinal damage, leading to the passage of viable bacteria and their components into the circulatory system. Bacterial-free DNA in the blood during sepsis can be derived from bacterial death and intestinal translocation of free DNA in the gut contents. The presence of bacterial DNA in combination with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can lead to more serious outcomes of sepsis. To explore the impact of bacterial-free DNA in sepsis, animal and macrophage experiments were performed. Firstly, the appearance of bacterial-free DNA and bacteriome in the blood was presented in mice with cecal ligation and puncture sepsis. Secondly, …

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Identification Of Shared Neoantigens In Brca1-Related Breast Cancer, Lucksica Ruangapirom Jan 2021

Identification Of Shared Neoantigens In Brca1-Related Breast Cancer, Lucksica Ruangapirom

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Personalized neoantigen-based cancer vaccine has been shown to be safe and immunogenic in cancer patients; however, the manufacturing process can be costly and brings about delay in treatment. Using off-the-shelf cancer vaccine by targeting shared neoantigen may circumvent these problems. We identified BRCA1-mutated breast cancer as a candidate for shared neoantigens because of its clinical aggressiveness and its genotypic and phenotypic similarities suggesting common somatic mutational events within the group. Therefore, we hypothesized that shared-neoantigen may be identified among BRCA1-related breast cancer and may be used as targets for shared neoantigen vaccine. For analyses, we obtained genome sequencing data of …

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Identification Of Snp Barcode For Classify Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (Cre) And Non-Cre Using Nanopore Sequencing, Nicha Sangpiromapichai Jan 2021

Identification Of Snp Barcode For Classify Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (Cre) And Non-Cre Using Nanopore Sequencing, Nicha Sangpiromapichai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: The continuous increase of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) prevalence has been a serious problem for public health worldwide. In the previous study, 25% of 3864 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were carbapenem-resistant. One of the most important risks of bacterial drug resistance is the improper use of antibiotics. The routine antimicrobial-susceptibility test requires overnight and has a turnaround time of approximately 2–3 days which delays the proper antibiotics. This study aims to develop a technique to classify CRE and non-CRE by SNP barcode. Method: Forty Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) clinical isolates were collected from 2020–2021 at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. Twenty samples were …

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Study Of G6pd Deficiency With Clinical And Hematological Correlation In Newborn Infants, Thanaporn Pimpakan Jan 2021

Study Of G6pd Deficiency With Clinical And Hematological Correlation In Newborn Infants, Thanaporn Pimpakan

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

G6PD deficiency is the most common enzymatic aberration, affecting more than a million people worldwide. If severe cases at birth are not diagnosed and treated promptly, they can develop into cerebral jaundice and hyperbilirubinemia. Hyperbilirubinemia is caused by an imbalance between increased bilirubin production and ineffective excretion of bilirubin. This can result in the neurotoxicity of bilirubin, kernicterus, and fatal mental retardation. Besides, It has been speculated that the presence of a high number of reticulocytes in newborns interferes with the diagnosis of G6PD deficiency since reticulocytes contain higher amounts of G6PD enzyme than mature erythrocytes. Therefore, the purposes of …

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ความชุกและปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับการเกิดความรุนแรงในสถานที่ปฏิบัติงานของพยาบาลแผนกจิตเวชในหน่วยบริการสังกัดกรมสุขภาพจิตเขตพื้นที่กรุงเทพมหานครและปริมณฑล, เจษฎากร โสธรเจริญสินธุ์ Jan 2021

ความชุกและปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับการเกิดความรุนแรงในสถานที่ปฏิบัติงานของพยาบาลแผนกจิตเวชในหน่วยบริการสังกัดกรมสุขภาพจิตเขตพื้นที่กรุงเทพมหานครและปริมณฑล, เจษฎากร โสธรเจริญสินธุ์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การวิจัยนี้เป็นการศึกษาเชิงพรรณนาภาคตัดขวาง วัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาความชุกและปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับการเกิดความรุนแรงในสถานที่ปฏิบัติงานของพยาบาลแผนกจิตเวชในหน่วยบริการสังกัดกรมสุขภาพจิตเขตพื้นที่กรุงเทพมหานครและปริมณฑล กลุ่มตัวอย่างคือ พยาบาลวิชาชีพแผนกจิตเวช จำนวน 279 คน คัดเลือกด้วยการสุ่มตัวอย่างแบบชั้นภูมิและการสุ่มอย่างง่าย เก็บข้อมูลโดยใช้แบบสอบถามชนิดตอบด้วยตนเองเกี่ยวกับความชุกและปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับการเกิดความรุนแรงในสถานที่ปฏิบัติงาน ฉบับภาษาไทย วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลด้วยสถิติเชิงพรรณนาและ Multiple logistic regression ผลการศึกษาพบว่า ความชุกของการเกิดความรุนแรงในสถานที่ปฏิบัติงานของพยาบาลแผนกจิตเวชในช่วง 12 เดือนก่อนทำการศึกษา คิดเป็นร้อยละ 54.5 โดยพบความชุกเหตุความรุนแรงทางวาจามากที่สุด ร้อยละ 90.1 รองลงมาเป็นเหตุความรุนแรงทางกาย ร้อยละ 38.2 และทางเพศ ร้อยละ 10.5 ตามลำดับ ผู้ก่อเหตุหลักของความรุนแรงทั้ง 3 รูปแบบคือผู้ป่วย ปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับการเกิดความรุนแรงในสถานที่ปฏิบัติงาน ได้แก่ การปฏิบัติงานในแผนกผู้ป่วยนอก ความกังวลต่อเหตุความรุนแรงในสถานที่ปฏิบัติงานระดับปานกลางและระดับมากถึงมากที่สุด ประวัติการเกิดความรุนแรงในโรงพยาบาล และความแออัด ไม่สะดวกสบายของพื้นที่ปฏิบัติงาน สรุปผลการศึกษา ความชุกของการเกิดความรุนแรงในสถานที่ปฏิบัติงานของพยาบาลแผนกจิตเวชพบได้ค่อนข้างสูง ควรป้องกันเหตุความรุนแรงโดยเพิ่มมาตรการป้องกันโดยเน้นในแผนกที่มีเหตุความรุนแรงบ่อยครั้งหรือสถานพยาบาลที่มีประวัติการเกิดความรุนแรง ปรับพื้นที่ปฏิบัติงานเพื่อลดความแออัด รวมถึงประเมินสภาวะทางจิตใจของบุคลากรและสร้างความเชื่อมั่นเรื่องความปลอดภัยในสถานที่ปฏิบัติงาน

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