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Detection Of Human Papillomavirus Infection In Esophageal Carcinomas By The Histopathological Method And Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique, İlhami̇ Ki̇ki̇, Mehmet Gündoğdu, Muhammet Fevzi̇ Polat, Cemal Gündoğdu Jan 2002

Detection Of Human Papillomavirus Infection In Esophageal Carcinomas By The Histopathological Method And Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique, İlhami̇ Ki̇ki̇, Mehmet Gündoğdu, Muhammet Fevzi̇ Polat, Cemal Gündoğdu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

A series of 30 surgical resection materials of patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 10 with adenocarcinoma (AC) were analyzed histologically and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to demonstrate whether human papillomavirus (HPV) has a role in the etiology of esophageal cancers. Epithelial changes suggesting HPV infection were histopathologically detected in 19 of 30 (63.3%) SCC and in 4 of 10 (40%) AC cases. By PCR, HPV type 16 and/or type 18 DNA were detected in 10 of 30 (33.3%) SCC and HPV type 18 DNA alone was detected in 1 of 10 (10%) AC cases. Histopathologic findings related …

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An Analysis Of Anatolian Human Femur Anthropometry, Taner Zi̇ylan, Khalil Awadh Murshed Jan 2002

An Analysis Of Anatolian Human Femur Anthropometry, Taner Zi̇ylan, Khalil Awadh Murshed

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Femoral anthropometry from two different ages of Anatolian population groups was evaluated according to normal parametric measurements. Eleven femoral measurements with collo-diaphyseal angles were obtained from 36 right and 36 left intact human adult femora of a contemporary Central Anatolian population. For this purpose, a sliding caliper, osteometric board, tapeline and gonometer were used. Obtained data were statistically analyzed by Student's t-test and the Pearson correlation coefficient. Our results were compared with a previous study's results obtained from human femora from the Şeyh Höyük area (southern Anatolia) dating back to the Chalcolithic Age (5100-3000 B.C). The results of this study …

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Maternal Serum Vitamin D Levels In The Third Trimester Of Pregnancy, İsmai̇l Pehli̇van, Şükrü Hatun, Meti̇n Aydoğan, Kadi̇r Babaoğlu, Gülcan Türker, Ayşe Sevi̇m Gökalp Jan 2002

Maternal Serum Vitamin D Levels In The Third Trimester Of Pregnancy, İsmai̇l Pehli̇van, Şükrü Hatun, Meti̇n Aydoğan, Kadi̇r Babaoğlu, Gülcan Türker, Ayşe Sevi̇m Gökalp

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: To measure serum vitamin D levels of pregnant women in the last trimester and to determine factors affecting serum levels. Methods: Seventy-eight pregnant women, 19-39 years old and having their third trimester between March and May 2000, were enrolled. Serum Ca, P and alkaline phosphatase and 25-hydroxyvitamin D_3 levels were measured in venous blood samples during the third trimester. Maternal age, education, socioeconomic status, number of gravida, nutrition, dressing habits and daily exposure time to sunlight were determined and their correlation with serum vitamin D levels were analyzed statistically. Results: The mean age of mothers was 26.1±5.1 years. The …

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Autotransplantation Of A Kidney Due To Retroperitoneal Fibrosis, Tanju Acar, Mahmood Arshad Jan 2002

Autotransplantation Of A Kidney Due To Retroperitoneal Fibrosis, Tanju Acar, Mahmood Arshad

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

AR Mahmood ARSHAD Guy's & St Thomas Hospital, Renal Transplantation Department, London, United Kingdom

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The Rupture Of A Large Isolated Iliac Artery Aneurysm, Yahya Ünlü, Ünsal Vural, Sami̇ Karapolat, Münacetti̇n Cevi̇z, Hi̇kmet Koçak Jan 2002

The Rupture Of A Large Isolated Iliac Artery Aneurysm, Yahya Ünlü, Ünsal Vural, Sami̇ Karapolat, Münacetti̇n Cevi̇z, Hi̇kmet Koçak

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

LÜ Ünsal VURAL Sami KARAPOLAT Münacettin CEVİZ Hikmet KOÇAK Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey

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Pedodontic Complete Dentures, Mehmet Dalkiz, Bedri̇ Beydemi̇r Jan 2002

Pedodontic Complete Dentures, Mehmet Dalkiz, Bedri̇ Beydemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

ALKIZ Bedri BEYDEMİR Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Dental Sciences Center, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara - Turkey

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Examination Of Coronary Artery Anomalies In An Adult Turkish Population, Eray Tüccar, Alai̇tti̇n Elhan Jan 2002

Examination Of Coronary Artery Anomalies In An Adult Turkish Population, Eray Tüccar, Alai̇tti̇n Elhan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of anomalous aortic origins of coronary arteries, to classify these anomalies and to define their consequences. Therefore, 5000 coronary artery angiograms were analysed. Twenty-five (0.5%) coronary arteries with anomalous origins were found, and these anomalies were classified in four main groups. Origin of the circumflex artery from the right side was the most frequent anomaly (12 cases). In 8 cases the right coronary artery originated from the left side, in 3 cases the left coronary artery originated from the right side and finally we found 2 left anterior descending arteries …

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The Effects Of Ticlopidine In Acute Myocardial Infarction As An Adjunctive Treatment To Aspirin In An Intermediate Term Setting, V. Gökhan Ci̇n, Ahmet Temi̇zhan, Hasan Pekdemi̇r, Mehmet Tokaç, Okan Tartanoğlu Jan 2002

The Effects Of Ticlopidine In Acute Myocardial Infarction As An Adjunctive Treatment To Aspirin In An Intermediate Term Setting, V. Gökhan Ci̇n, Ahmet Temi̇zhan, Hasan Pekdemi̇r, Mehmet Tokaç, Okan Tartanoğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Antiplatelet therapy reduces the risk of subsequent ischemic events in patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this respect, the multi-agent therapy to be used along with aspirin remains to be determined. In this study, ticlopidine was tried in AMI for its potential additive effects over aspirin. Ninety patients with similar clinical characteristics were involved and were followed up for 3 and 6 months. All patients were assigned to receive ticlopidine plus aspirin or aspirin alone. Major cardiac events such as death and reinfarction were primary end-points whereas the need for revascularization was the secondary end-point at 3 and …

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Inhibition Of Leukemia Cell Proliferation Using C-Myb Antisense Oligonucleotides, Edi̇z Demi̇rpençe, Janina Ratajczak Jan 2002

Inhibition Of Leukemia Cell Proliferation Using C-Myb Antisense Oligonucleotides, Edi̇z Demi̇rpençe, Janina Ratajczak

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-ODNs) are short DNA sequences synthesized complementary to the mRNA and they inhibit the expression of the target gene by forming a mRNA-DNA duplex. This strategy can be considered to be an alternative therapy for cancers characterized by amplified oncogene activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of AS-ODNs on two human leukemia cell lines (HL-60 and K562). Cells were treated with c-myb AS-ODNs at two different concentrations and cell proliferation was monitored on the 5^{th} and 7^{th} days of culture. Sense and scrambled ODNs were used as the control. In both cell …

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Prevalence Of Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors Among Women In Köstence, Ankara, Luna Aksoy, Serhan Küpeli̇, Ali̇ Bayram Kasim, Bariş Kuşkonmaz, Umut Kartal, Erpulat Özi̇ş, Naci̇ Yildiz, Nazmi̇ Bi̇li̇r Jan 2002

Prevalence Of Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors Among Women In Köstence, Ankara, Luna Aksoy, Serhan Küpeli̇, Ali̇ Bayram Kasim, Bariş Kuşkonmaz, Umut Kartal, Erpulat Özi̇ş, Naci̇ Yildiz, Nazmi̇ Bi̇li̇r

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Cardiovascular disease is progressively becoming a major cause of morbidity and mortality in women generally after menopause. In contrast to this general conception, the coronary morbidity and mortality in premenopausal Turkish women approaches that of Turkish men. In this study, our aim was to detect the prevalence of risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) among 200 women aged 30 or over who live in the Köstence area and to inform individuals presenting with CHD risk factors. Twenty-seven women (13,5%) were current smokers. The body mass index of 168 participants (84%) was greater than 24.9 kg/m2 and 32.5% of women …

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Outpatient Satisfaction With Health Centers In Urban Areas, Sai̇d Bodur, Yusuf E. Özdemi̇r, Fati̇h Kara Jan 2002

Outpatient Satisfaction With Health Centers In Urban Areas, Sai̇d Bodur, Yusuf E. Özdemi̇r, Fati̇h Kara

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Objective: The purpose of this study was to estimate the level of patient satisfaction with health center services and related factors. Methods: This study was performed on eight randomly selected health centers in urban areas of Ankara and Konya by interviewing patients who were about to go home after examination. The questionnaire consisted of demographic data and a four-point rating scale of 13 items measuring the satisfaction of outpatients. The chi-square test was used to assess differences in proportions. Results: Satisfaction score was 3.11 ± 0.41 and 70% of the patients were satisfied with the patient care of health centers. …

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Telomerase Mrna Expression In Ductal Carcinomas Of The Breast, Handan Kaya, Sema Hücümenoğlu, Esi̇n Koti̇loğlu, Gülsün Eki̇ci̇oğlu, Sevgi̇ Küllü Jan 2002

Telomerase Mrna Expression In Ductal Carcinomas Of The Breast, Handan Kaya, Sema Hücümenoğlu, Esi̇n Koti̇loğlu, Gülsün Eki̇ci̇oğlu, Sevgi̇ Küllü

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

AYA^1 Sema HÜCÜMENOĞLU^2 Esin KOTİLOĞLU^1 Gülsün EKİCİOĞLU^1 Sevgi KÜLLÜ^1 ^1Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University Hospital, 81190, Altunizade, İstanbul ^2SSK Ankara Training Hospital, Dışkapı, Ankara - Turkey

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Insulin-Like Growth Factor (Igf-I) In Mauriac Syndrome Or Diabetic Dwarfism, Enver Şi̇mşek, Kenan Kocabay Jan 2002

Insulin-Like Growth Factor (Igf-I) In Mauriac Syndrome Or Diabetic Dwarfism, Enver Şi̇mşek, Kenan Kocabay

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

MŞEK Kenan KOCABAY Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Abant Izzet Baysal University, Düzce - Turkey

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A Solitary Metachronous Bladder Metastasis After Nephron Sparing Surgery For Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report, Fazil Tuncay Aki, Serkan Gökkaya, Öztuğ Adsan, Si̇bel Erdoğan, Selda Seçki̇n Jan 2002

A Solitary Metachronous Bladder Metastasis After Nephron Sparing Surgery For Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report, Fazil Tuncay Aki, Serkan Gökkaya, Öztuğ Adsan, Si̇bel Erdoğan, Selda Seçki̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

ncay AKI^1 Serkan GÖKKAYA^1 Öztuğ ADSAN^1 Sibel ERDOĞAN^2 Selda SEÇKİN^2 Departments of ^1Clinics of II. Urology, ^2Pathology, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara - Turkey

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Accidental Displacement Of Impacted Third Molar Into Lateral Pharyngeal Space, Keri̇m Ortakoğlu, Kemal Murat Okçu, Hakan Alpay Karasu, Yilmaz Günaydin Jan 2002

Accidental Displacement Of Impacted Third Molar Into Lateral Pharyngeal Space, Keri̇m Ortakoğlu, Kemal Murat Okçu, Hakan Alpay Karasu, Yilmaz Günaydin

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

TAKOĞLU^1 Kemal Murat OKÇU1 Hakan Alpay KARASU^2 Yılmaz GÜNAYDIN^1 ^1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Sciences Center, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Etlik, Ankara, ^2Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Beşevler, Ankara - Turkey

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The Role Of Diet And Physical Activity For Ovarian Cancer Results From The Adventist Health Study, Fatemeh Kiani Jan 2002

The Role Of Diet And Physical Activity For Ovarian Cancer Results From The Adventist Health Study, Fatemeh Kiani

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A few aspects of the epidemiology of ovarian cancer are well understood, such as the inverse relationship with parity and oral contraceptive (OC) use. The role of other factors such as the potential influence of diet or physical activity is far from being established. A few studies, however, have been able to identify dietary risk factors for ovarian cancer. In this dissertation, I have conducted two studies that investigate the relationship between dietary factors and physical activity and the three endpoints: 1) nonfatal ovarian cancer (1976-1982; time to diagnosis), 2) fatal ovarian cancer (1976-1988; time to death), and 3) total …

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Role Of Bcl-2 Family Members In Caspase-Independent Apoptosis Due To Chlamydia Infection, Jean-Luc Perfettini, John C. Reed, Nicole Israel, Jean-Claude Martinou, Alice Dautry-Varsat, David M. Ojcius Jan 2002

Role Of Bcl-2 Family Members In Caspase-Independent Apoptosis Due To Chlamydia Infection, Jean-Luc Perfettini, John C. Reed, Nicole Israel, Jean-Claude Martinou, Alice Dautry-Varsat, David M. Ojcius

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Infection with an obligate intracellular bacterium, the Chlamydia trachomatis lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV/L2) strain or the guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis serovar of Chlamydia psittaci, leads to apoptosis of host cells. The apoptosis is not affected by a broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor, and caspase-3 is not activated in infected cells, suggesting that apoptosis mediated by these two strains of Chlamydia is independent of known caspases. Overexpression of the proapoptotic Bcl-2 family member, Bax, was previously shown to induce caspase-independent apoptosis, and we find that Bax is activated and translocates from the cytosol to the mitochondria in C. psittaci-infected cells. C. psittaci-induced apoptosis is …

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Small Glutamine-Rich Protein/Viral Protein U–Binding Protein Is A Novel Cochaperone That Affects Heat Shock Protein 70 Activity, Peter C. Angeletti, Doriann Walker, Antonito T. Panganiban Jan 2002

Small Glutamine-Rich Protein/Viral Protein U–Binding Protein Is A Novel Cochaperone That Affects Heat Shock Protein 70 Activity, Peter C. Angeletti, Doriann Walker, Antonito T. Panganiban

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Molecular chaperone complexes containing heat shock protein (Hsp) 70 and Hsp90 are regulated by cochaperones, including a subclass of regulators, such as Hsp70 interacting protein (Hip), C-terminus of Hsp70 interacting protein (CHIP), and Hsp70-Hsp90 organizing factor (Hop), that contain tetratricopeptide repeats (TPRs), where Hsp70 refers to Hsp70 and its nearly identical constitutive counterpart, Hsc70, together. These proteins interact with the Hsp70 to regulate adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and folding activities or to generate the chaperone complex. Here we provide evidence that small glutamine-rich protein/viral protein U–binding protein (SGT/UBP) is a cochaperone that negatively regulates Hsp70. By “Far-Western” and pull-down assays, SGT/UBP …

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Influence Of Protein Tyrosine Kinases On Cell Volume Change-Induced Taurine Release, Herminia Pasantes-Morales, Rodrigo Franco Jan 2002

Influence Of Protein Tyrosine Kinases On Cell Volume Change-Induced Taurine Release, Herminia Pasantes-Morales, Rodrigo Franco

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Taurine efflux occurs in association with cell swelling in both hyposmotic and isosmotic conditions and during cell shrinkage in apoptotic death. Release occurs through a leak pathway, is largely Ca2+-independent and is sensitive to Cl– channel blockers. Taurine efflux elicited by hyposmolarity is reduced or suppressed by tyrosine kinase blockers and increased by tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors. The specific kinases involved are still unknown and may be different in the various cell types. Non-receptor and scr-related protein kinases have been identified in some cells as elements that directly phosphorylate the taurine efflux pathway. Possible tyrosine kinase targets are …

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Methods And Compositions For Protection Against Bovine Viral Diseases, Subramaniam Srikumaran Jan 2002

Methods And Compositions For Protection Against Bovine Viral Diseases, Subramaniam Srikumaran

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The present invention relates to methods and compositions for eliciting an immune response against bovine viral epitopes. The methods comprise combining at least one heat shock protein with at least one bovine viral epitope to form a purified epitope/heat shock protein complex and administration of an immune system stimulating amount of the purified epitope/heat shock protein complex. The compositions comprise, a purified epitope/heat shock protein complex comprising at least one bovine viral epitope complexed with at least one heat shock protein, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient.

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Nitric Oxide Ii: Therapeutic Uses And Clinical Applications, Ayşe Baysal Jan 2002

Nitric Oxide Ii: Therapeutic Uses And Clinical Applications, Ayşe Baysal

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Nitric oxide is a biological mediator in human organisms which plays important roles in tissue and organ hemostasis. Recent advances in the therapeutic uses of inhaled nitric oxide in lung diseases and other pathologic states urges the efficient and appropriate use of nitric oxide in hospitals. This study is a literature search based on a keyword search and the abstracts in English in Medline. The therapeutic indications for inhaled nitric oxide and various clinical applications are summarized. Subsequently, adverse effects and toxicity for inhaled nitric oxide and contraindications for its use are discussed.

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Evaluation Of The Patients With Acute Intoxication, Muhammet Güven, Murat Sungur, Fati̇h Tanriverdi̇, Bülent Eser, Zeynep Kekeç Jan 2002

Evaluation Of The Patients With Acute Intoxication, Muhammet Güven, Murat Sungur, Fati̇h Tanriverdi̇, Bülent Eser, Zeynep Kekeç

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Objective: We evaluated the patients who were hospitalized for acute intoxications. We report the etiologies of intoxications, mortality rate, and the outcomes of treatment modalities. Materials and Methods: Data is given of patients who were hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit of Erciyes University Medical Faculty from January 1, 1993 to December 31, 1999. The total number of patients followed in the Medical Intensive Care Unit during this period were 3500 and 272 (7.8%) of them were acute intoxications. One hundred and six patients were male (mean age; 31±18 years) and 166 were female (mean age; 24±15 years). Results: Insecticides …

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Age And Gender Associated Changes In Cystatin C And \Beta 2 -Microglobulin, Zuhal Parildar, Ceyda Gülter, Sara Habi̇f, Işil Mutaf, Nevbahar Turgan, Di̇lek Özmen, Oya Bayindir Jan 2002

Age And Gender Associated Changes In Cystatin C And \Beta 2 -Microglobulin, Zuhal Parildar, Ceyda Gülter, Sara Habi̇f, Işil Mutaf, Nevbahar Turgan, Di̇lek Özmen, Oya Bayindir

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Assessment of renal function in clinical medicine is of great importance. Various studies report that cystatin C (cysC) and \beta 2 -microglobulin are valuable markers of renal function. In this study, serum cysC and \beta 2 -microglobulin were measured in parallel with serum creatinine in a healthy population, and the characteristics of the relationship of cysC and \beta 2 -microglobulin to age and gender were compared. Serum creatinine, cysC and b2-microglobulin were measured in 119 (86 female; 33 male, 6 to 69 years old) healthy subjects. They were divided into five different age groups: group 1 (6-15 years, n = …

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Determination Of Polydispersity Of A Human Colonic Mucus Glycoprotein Using Rate-Zonal Centrifugation And Laser Light-Scattering, Nurten Aksoy, John K. Sheehan Jan 2002

Determination Of Polydispersity Of A Human Colonic Mucus Glycoprotein Using Rate-Zonal Centrifugation And Laser Light-Scattering, Nurten Aksoy, John K. Sheehan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The colonic epithelium is coated by a visco-elastic gel, mucus that lubricates and protects the mucosa from the external environment. Mucus glycoproteins (mucins, MUCs) are major macromolecular components with MUC2 representing the major gel-forming secretory mucin. Previously we purified MUC2 from a cell culture environment with either three rounds of isopicnic centrifugation or gel filtration chromatography followed by a single round of centrifugation. In the present work, using rate-zonal centrifugation in a gradient of guanidinium chloride we fractionated this purified MUC2 and its subunits. Analyses of the fractions showed that the unreduced MUC2 molecules are quite large and polydisperse in …

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Hellp! S.O.S. Call Of A Mother, Serpi̇l Demi̇rci̇, Vedat Ali̇ Yürekli̇ Jan 2002

Hellp! S.O.S. Call Of A Mother, Serpi̇l Demi̇rci̇, Vedat Ali̇ Yürekli̇

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

EMİRCİ Vedat Ali YÜREKLİ Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta - Turkey

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Distribution Of Different Fibronectin Isoforms In The Extracellular Matrices Of Human Term Placenta, Ayşe Yasemi̇n Demi̇r Weusten Jan 2002

Distribution Of Different Fibronectin Isoforms In The Extracellular Matrices Of Human Term Placenta, Ayşe Yasemi̇n Demi̇r Weusten

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Fibronectins are considered to be molecules that play important roles in cell migration and cell differentiation. Fibronectin molecules are thought to influence the differentiation of trophoblasts and the adhesion of these cells to maternal tissues. The aim of the present study was to analyze the distribution of fibronectin isoforms and to evaluate the differences between matrix-type fibrinoids, and other types of matrices produced by both maternal and fetal tissues. Tissue samples were collected from different sites of human term placentas. By using immunohistochemistry, the expression of fibronectin isoforms was determined and they were demonstrated by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting methods. …

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Bile Duct Response To Repeated Cerulein Induced Pancreatitis In The Rat, Ali̇ Menteş, Hasan Aydede, Ümi̇t Bayol, Funda Yilmaz Jan 2002

Bile Duct Response To Repeated Cerulein Induced Pancreatitis In The Rat, Ali̇ Menteş, Hasan Aydede, Ümi̇t Bayol, Funda Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The typical morphology of common bile duct strictures in chronic pancreatitis suggests a pathogenesis not of encasement, but of mural changes in the common bile duct. Cerulein, 20 µg/kg was administered to male Wistar rats in four subcutaneous doses, hourly for 3 h, and was recorded as one application. Group A served as controls and received subcutaneous saline. Group B1 received one application of Cerulein and was sacrificed after 24 h. Group B2 was similar to B1, but was sacrificed two weeks later. Group B3 was given two applications of Cerulein with an interval of two weeks and was sacrificed …

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Staphylococcus Aureus Agr And Sara Functions Are Required For Invasive Infection But Not Inflammatory Responses In The Lung, Geoffrey Heyer, Shahryar Saba, Robert Adamo, William Rush, Grace Soong, Ambrose Cheung, Alice Prince Jan 2002

Staphylococcus Aureus Agr And Sara Functions Are Required For Invasive Infection But Not Inflammatory Responses In The Lung, Geoffrey Heyer, Shahryar Saba, Robert Adamo, William Rush, Grace Soong, Ambrose Cheung, Alice Prince

Dartmouth Scholarship

Staphylococcus aureus strains lacking agr- and sarA-dependent gene products or specific MSCRAMM (microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules) adhesins were compared for the ability to activate inflammatory responses in the lung. The mutants were evaluated for virulence in a mouse model of pneumonia and by quantifying their ability to stimulate interleukin-8 (IL-8) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression in respiratory epithelial cells. In a neonatal mouse, only strains with intact agr and sarA loci were consistently associated with invasive, fatal pulmonary infection (P < 0.001) and sarA was specifically required to cause bacteremia (P < 0.001). The agr and/or sarA mutants were, nonetheless, fully capable of producing pneumonia and were as proficient as the wild-type strain in stimulating epithelial IL-8 expression, a polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemokine, in airway cells. In contrast, agr and especially sarA mutants induced less epithelial GM-CSF expression, and MSCRAMM mutants lacking fibronectin binding proteins or clumping factor A, a ligand for fibrinogen, were unable to stimulate epithelial GM-CSF production. The ability to induce IL-8 expression was independent of the adherence properties of intact bacteria, indicating that shed and/or secreted bacterial components activate epithelial responses. While conserved staphylococcal components such as peptidoglycan are sufficient to evoke inflammation and cause pneumonia, the agr and sarA loci of S. aureus are critical for the coordination of invasive infection of the lungs.

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Transcriptional Interference By Independently Regulated Genes Occurs In Any Relative Arrangement Of The Genes And Is Influenced By Chromosomal Integration Position, Susan K. Eszterhas, Eric E. Bouhassira, David I. K. Martin, Steven Fiering Jan 2002

Transcriptional Interference By Independently Regulated Genes Occurs In Any Relative Arrangement Of The Genes And Is Influenced By Chromosomal Integration Position, Susan K. Eszterhas, Eric E. Bouhassira, David I. K. Martin, Steven Fiering

Dartmouth Scholarship

Transcriptional interference is the influence, generally suppressive, of one active transcriptional unit on another unit linked in cis. Its wide occurrence in experimental systems suggests that it may also influence transcription in many loci, but little is known about its precise nature or underlying mechanisms. Here we report a study of the interaction of two nearly identical transcription units juxtaposed in various arrangements. Each reporter gene in the constructs has its own promoter and enhancer and a strong polyadenylation signal. We used recombinase-mediated cassette exchange (RMCE) to insert the constructs into previously tagged genomic sites in cultured cells. This …

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Disease Management And Liability In The Human Genome Era, Larry I. Palmer Jan 2002

Disease Management And Liability In The Human Genome Era, Larry I. Palmer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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