Digital Commons Network^™

What Is New In Wound Healing?, Senthil Kumar, Peng Foo Wong, David John Leaper

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Wound biology is complex. Wounds which were until recently seen only as defects in tissues are now increasingly interpreted in cellular and molecular terms. Growth factors, cytokines, proteases and adhesion molecules which participate in wound healing are discussed in this article. From a clinical perspective, conceptual shifts of importance, including moist wound healing, wound bed preparation and wound assessment, are presented. The frontiers of therapeutics employed in wound healing continue to advance with an increasing array of modalities joining the ranks at a regular pace. A range of currently available as well as evolving therapies- physical (topical negative pressure therapy, …

Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma Of The Mandible, Nusret Akpolat, Üzeyi̇r Gök

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

KPOLAT^1, Üzeyir GÖK^2 ^1Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ - Turkey ^1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ - Turkey

Systemic Responses To Burn Injury, Bariş Çakir, Berrak C. Yeğen

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The major causes of death in burn patients include multiple organ failure and infection. It is important for the clinician to understand the pathophysiology of burn injury and the effects it will have on the pharmacokinetics of a drug. The local and systemic inflammatory response to thermal injury is extremely complex, resulting in both local burn tissue damage and deleterious systemic effects on all other organ systems distant from the burn area itself. Thermal injury initiates systemic inflammatory reactions producing burn toxins and oxygen radicals and finally leads to peroxidation. The relationship between the amount of products of oxidative metabolism …

Genotoxic Evaluation Of The Antibacterial Drug, Ciprofloxacin, In Cultured Lymphocytes Of Patients With Urinary Tract Infection, Mevli̇t İkbal, Hasan Doğan, Hati̇ce Odabaş, İbrahi̇m Pi̇ri̇m

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Ciprofloxacin is a quinolone carboxylic acid derivative and is commonly used in medicine. The genotoxicity of ciprofloxacin was evaluated in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with urinary tract infection. Sister chromatid exchange (SCE), mitotic index (MI) and replicative index (RI) were measured before and after ciprofloxacin therapy. Our results showed that SCE frequency significantly increased after ciprofloxacin therapy (P < 0.001), but MI and RI decreased (P < 0.001). The results of this study suggest that clinical therapy using ciprofloxacin may have a moderate genotoxic potential.

Analysis Of Borrelia Burgdorferi Antibody Seroprevalence In Patients With Behçet´S Disease Using 3 Different Serological Assays, Ergi̇n Ayaşlioğlu, Emel Erkek, Sedat Kaygusuz, Di̇lek Kiliç, Ali̇ İnal, Göksal Keski̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Behçet´s disease is a chronic multisystemic inflammatory vasculitis of unknown etiology. Various infectious agents have been implicated as potential triggering factors in the pathogenesis of the disease. The present study was designed to evaluate the seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in Turkish patients with Behçet´s disease. For this purpose, 90 consecutive patients with Behçet´s disease and 50 healthy individuals were enrolled into a prospective study. The IgM and IgG antibodies to B. burgdorferi in sera were determined by 3 different serological techniques, namely indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting (WB). Although there was a …

Thermodynamic Consequences Of Dna Base Modifications And Ligand-Dna Interactions., Rachel Hutchins Graves

All ETDs from UAB

The thermodynamic effects of alterations of the DNA duplex by DNA base modifications or ligand binding are investigated by a combination of spectrophotometric and calorimetric methods. Examination of the effects of substituent modification on the DNA binding energetics of the anticancer agent AAC (Y-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-9-aminoacridine-4-carboxamide) indicated that DNA binding affinities and energetics were enhanced upon substitution at the C5 position on the chromophore of the drug with a variety of chemical groups. A correlation between enthalpies of DNA binding and anticancer activity was evident.The impacts of DNA base modifications, including cytosine arabinoside, deaminated cytosine, and abasic sites, on the thermodynamics of …

Multi-Channel Fetal Magnetocardiographic Signal Seperation For Analysis Of Heart Rate Variability, Joshua Quaid Campbell

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The objectives were to implement signal-processing techniques to separate the fetal magnetocardiogram (FMCG), as collected by SQUID (Superconducting QUantum Interference Device) gradiometers, from mixtures of maternal and fetal biomagnetic signals recorded during the antepartum period and to develop a database of normal FMCG values of the fetal cardiac time intervals and heart rate variability measures. Materials and Methods: The research was performed in three phases: 1) Independent component analysis (ICA), nonlinear filtering techniques, and orthogonal projection methods were optimized enabling the FMCG to be processed using traditional signal analysis techniques; 2) The cardiac time intervals and heart rate variability …

Detection And Mapping Of Quantitative Trait Loci That Determine Responsiveness, Janet L. Mueller, E. A. Ellenberger, Linda K. Vaughn, John K. Belknap, Raymond M. Quock

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Exposure to 70% N₂O evokes a robust antinociceptive effect in C57BL/6 (B6) but not in DBA/2 (D2) inbred mice. This study was conducted to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) in the mouse genome that might determine responsiveness to N₂O. Offspring from the F₂ generation bred from B6 and D2 progenitors exhibited a broad range of responsiveness to N₂O antinociception as determined by the acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction test. QTL analysis was then used to dissect this continuous trait distribution into component loci, and to map them to broad chromosomal regions. To this end, …

Response Of Dark-Adapted Retinal Rod Photoreceptors, H. Khanal, V. Alexiades, E. Dibenedetto

Publications

The process of phototransduction, whereby light is converted into an electrical response, in rod and cone photoreceptors in the retina, involves as a key setp, the diffusion of the cytoplasmic, signaling molecules cGMP (cyclic guanosime monophosphate) and Ca²+ diffuse in the cytoplasm (the fluid surrounding the discs). the complex geometry of the rod creates computational difficulties. We present spatio-temporal compuational models for interacctions and diffusion of cGMP and Ca²+ in the cytoplasm of vertebrate rod photoreceptors, as well as numerical simulations fo the response to light of dark-adapted Salamander rods.

A Drosophila Protein-Interaction Map Centered On Cell-Cycle Regulators, Clement A. Stanyon, Guozhen Liu, Bernardo A. Mangiola, Nishi Patel, Loic Giot, Bing Kuang, Huamei Zhang, Jinhui Zhong, Russell L. Finley Jr

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Maps depicting binary interactions between proteins can be powerful starting points for understanding biological systems. A proven technology for generating such maps is high-throughput yeast two-hybrid screening. In the most extensive screen to date, a Gal4-based two-hybrid system was used recently to detect over 20,000 interactions among Drosophila proteins. Although these data are a valuable resource for insights into protein networks, they cover only a fraction of the expected number of interactions.

Results

To complement the Gal4-based interaction data, we used the same set of Drosophila open reading frames to construct arrays for a LexA-based two-hybrid system. We …

Imaging Genome Abnormalities In Cancer Research, Henry Hq Heng, Joshua B. Stevens, Guo Liu, Steven W. Bremer, Christine J. Ye

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Increasing attention is focusing on chromosomal and genome structure in cancer research due to the fact that genomic instability plays a principal role in cancer initiation, progression and response to chemotherapeutic agents. The integrity of the genome (including structural, behavioral and functional aspects) of normal and cancer cells can be monitored with direct visualization by using a variety of cutting edge molecular cytogenetic technologies that are now available in the field of cancer research. Examples are presented in this review by grouping these methodologies into four categories visualizing different yet closely related major levels of genome structures. An integrated …

Traumatic Deep Vein Thrombosis In A Soccer Player: A Case Study, Paul S. Echlin, Ross Eg Upshur, Douglas B. Mckeag, Harsha P. Jayatilake

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

A 42 year-old male former semi-professional soccer player sustained a right lower extremity popliteal contusion during a soccer game. He was clinically diagnosed with a possible traumatic deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and sent for confirmatory tests. A duplex doppler ultrasound was positive for DVT, and the patient was admitted to hospital for anticoagulation (unfractionated heparin, warfarin). Upon discharge from hospital the patient continued oral warfarin anticoagulation (six months), and the use of compression stockings (nine months). He followed up with his family doctor at regular intervals for serial coagulation measurements, and ultrasound examinations. The patient's only identified major thrombotic …

Faculty Publications 2003, Lsu Health Sciences Center New Orleans

Historical Faculty Publications

This Faculty bibliography contains 869 publications.

Molecular Genetic Investigation Of Autosomal Dominant Hemifacial Microsomia, Rebecca Watt

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The overall purpose of this project was to explore the underlying pathogenesis of Hemifacial microsomia (HFM), investigate treatment and management options identify likely candidate genes and screen candidate genes for mutation(s) causing the form of HFM segregating on chromosome 11 in a West Australian family. Hemifacial microsomia is a congenital malformation arising from the derivatives of the first and second branchial arches. It is both clinically and genetically heterogeneous and can occur sporadically or segregate within families in an autosomal fashion. HFM is characterised by significant undergrowth to one side of the face and is a common birth defect with …

Target Selection For Antisense Oligonucleotide Induced Exon Skipping In The Dystrophin Gene, Stephen J. Errington

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Duchene Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), and the milder allelic Becker muscular dystrophy (EMD), are X-linked recessive muscle wasting disorders characterised by mutations in the dystrophin gene. DMD occurs at a frequency of approximately 1 in 3500 male newborns and life expectancy is typically less than 30 years. Due to progressive muscle wasting, affected boys are restricted to a wheelchair by the age of 12 years. The most common cause of death is pneumonia, compounded by cardiac involvement. Mutations that disrupt the dystrophin reading frame, or prevent the synthesis of either terminus, preclude the synthesis of a fully functional dystrophin. The subsequent …

Impaired Antigen Receptor Induced Calcium Mobilization In A Phospholipase C-Gamma1 Deficient B Cell Line., Natarajan Muthusamy, Do Joon Park, Hei-Won Rho, Sue Goo Rhee, Subbarao Bondada

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

B lymphocytes express phospholipase C-gamma(1) (PLC-gamma(1)) and phospholipase C-gamma(2) (PLC-gamma(2)) isozymes. However, the relative importance of these two isozymes in B cell signaling is not known. We report here the identification and analysis of a B cell line deficient in PLC-gamma(1). Mature splenic B lymphocytes and a panel of cell lines representing pre-B, immature and mature B cell stages expressed phospholipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma), but not the beta or delta isoforms of phospholipase C (PLC). While all the tested B cell lines and primary splenic B cells expressed PLC-gamma(1) and PLC-gamma(2) isozymes, the L1.2 B cell line exclusively expressed PLC-gamma(2), but …

The Role Of Erp57 In Hras Intracellular Trafficking And Function., Jaime Lyn Parman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Ras is a central player in signal transduction that mediates cellular proliferation and differentiation. Recent evidence has shown that lipid and non-lipid modified domains participate in Ras traffic and that plasma membrane association is mediated by vectorial vesicular transport from the endomembrane system. ERp57, an ER chaperone, has been shown to specifically bind farnesylated Hras but not non-farnesylated Hras. The objective of this study was to determine if ERp57 participates in Ras trafficking and function. First, the effect of ERp57 knock down by siRNA technology on Hras function was studied; there was a reduction in ERp57 cellular levels that led …

Flavone: The Molecular And Mechanistic Study Of How A Simple Flavonoid Protects Dna From Oxidative Damage., Jennifer Dawn Dean

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Dietary flavonoids are ubiquitous and are marketed as supplements. Characterized as antioxidants, they offer protection against a number of degenerative diseases. Flavonoid mechanics involve free radical scavenging, metal chelation, and substrate association. The skeletal structure of flavonoids is a fused ring system modified by hydroxyl, sugar, and carbohydrate additions. Flavone is a structurally simple flavonoid. Quercetin and its glycosidic analog rutin are complex structures. Using a DNA oxidation/cleavage assay, flavone reduces DNA nicking by 91%. Depending on the solvent system used, quercetin can either increase or decrease DNA oxidation. Rutin exhibits neither pro- nor antioxidant activity. The molecular interactions responsible …

Tolerance Of The Fetus By The Maternal Immune System: Role Of Inflammatory Mediators At The Feto-Maternal Interface, Colette Kanellopoulos-Langevin, Stephane M. Caucheteux, Philippe Verbeke, David M. Ojcius

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

The adaptive immune system of placental mammals has evolved to tolerate the fetus. Rejection of the fetus by adaptive immune responses is therefore a rare event, with abortion being caused more frequently by inflammation in the placenta. This review will cover recent aspects of immune privilege and the innate immune system at the feto-maternal interface, citing examples of the role played by microbial infections in fetal demise.

Determination Of The Optimal Form Of A Dna Vaccine To Induce An Effective Immune Response Against A Murine B-Cell Lymphoma, Deepti Aurora

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Tumor vaccines are a promising alternative to chemotherapy for the treatment of cancer. To be effective and safe, a cancer vaccine should specifically target antigens expressed only on tumor cells. The B-cell tumor-derived Ig receptor may be considered a model tumor antigen for cancer vaccine development. Specifically the immunoglobulin idiotype (ld) encoded by the variable region genes (VH and VL) provides a target antigen. Promising results have been obtained in clinical studies of ld vaccination using ld proteins. However, ld protein is laborious and time-consuming to produce. Gene-based vaccines, on the other hand, are inexpensive and offer ease of manipulation …

Effect Of Background Synaptic Activity On Excitatory-Postsynaptic Potential-Spike Coupling, Veronika Zsiros

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Neurons receive large amount of synaptic inputs in vivo, which may impact the coupling between EPSPs and spikes. We mimicked the in vivo synaptic activity of the cell with the dynamic clamp system. We recorded from pyramidal cells in neocortical slices in vitro to investigate how timing and probability of spike generation in response to an EPSP is affected by background synaptic conductance under these conditions. We found that near threshold, background synaptic conductance improved the precision of spike timing by reducing the depolarization-related prolongation of the EPSP. In cells with ongoing spike activity and background synaptic conductances, an …

Interleukin-10 And Pathogenesis Of Murine Ocular Toxoplasmosis, Fangli Lu, Shiguang Huang, Lloyd H. Kasper

Dartmouth Scholarship

To understand the role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in ocular toxoplasmosis, we compared C57BL/6 (B6) and BALB/c background mice lacking a functional IL-10 gene (IL-10(-/-)) and B6 transgenic mice expressing IL-10 under the control of the IL-2 promoter. Increased cellular infiltration and necrosis were observed in the eye tissue of IL-10(-/-) mice of both the B6 and BALB/c backgrounds with associated changes in the levels of cytokines in serum. In contrast, there was no evidence of necrosis in the eye tissue from IL-10 transgenic mice following parasite exposure. Our results demonstrate that IL-10 is important in the regulation of inflammation during …

Embryonic Origins Of A Motor System: Motor Dendrites Form A Myotopic Map In Drosophila, Matthias Landgraf, Victoria Jeffrey, Miki Fujioka, James B. Jaynes, Michael Bate

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

The organisational principles of locomotor networks are less well understood than those of many sensory systems, where in-growing axon terminals form a central map of peripheral characteristics. Using the neuromuscular system of the Drosophila embryo as a model and retrograde tracing and genetic methods, we have uncovered principles underlying the organisation of the motor system. We find that dendritic arbors of motor neurons, rather than their cell bodies, are partitioned into domains to form a myotopic map, which represents centrally the distribution of body wall muscles peripherally. While muscles are segmental, the myotopic map is parasegmental in organisation. It forms …

Protection Against Ischemia And Reperfusion Injury, Peter R. Oeltgen, Paul D. Bishop, Mark S. Kindy, Juan A. Sanchez

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Patents

A compound and method for using compound-D SEQ ID NO:1 to reduce injury associated with ischemia and reperfusion of mammalian organs such as the heart. The compound may be administered as part of a preconditioning strategy which reduces the extent of injury and improves organ function following cessation and restoration of blood flow. The compound may be used in preparation for planned ischemia or in a prophylactic manner in anticipation of further ischemic events.

Effects Of Neurobehavioral Assessment On Feeding And Weight Gain In Preterm Neonates, T. E. Senn, K. A. Espy

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory: Faculty Publications

Neonatal intensive care unit personnel and parents often are concerned that developmental assessment will tire preterm neonates and impair their feeding ability and subsequent weight gain. Therefore, the amount of fluid consumed by 108 preterm neonates (≤36.5 wk gestational age) was compared before and after administration of the Neurobehavioral Assessment of the Preterm Infant (NAPI). In addition, the weight gain of 35 preterm neonates who were administered the NAPI was compared with that of a matched control group of 35 preterm neonates who were not administered the NAPI. There were no differences in the amount of fluid consumed before and …

Incidence And Correlates Of Breast Milk Feeding In Hospitalized Preterm Infants, K. A. Espy, T. E. Senn

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory: Faculty Publications

The majority of epidemiological studies of breast feeding have been conducted in healthy, fullterm infant samples. Little is known about the incidence and correlates of breast milk feeding in preterm infants, particularly in those born outside of metropolitan areas. Therefore, hospital medical charts of 151 consecutively admitted preterm infants (

Effects Of Environmental Measures On Intelligence In Young Children: Growth Curve Modeling Of Longitudinal Data, K. A. Espy, Victoria J. Molfese, L. Dilalla

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory: Faculty Publications

Examined the effects of different environmental measures on individual intellectual growth patterns in 105 young children participating in a longitudinal study. Intelligence (Stanford-Binet, 4th edition) was measured at ages 3 through 6 yrs, and child's environment was assessed at age 3 years using SES data and scores on the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) Inventory. Growth curve analyses revealed that HOME scores exerted a constant influence on the expected composite, verbal, and nonverbal intellectual skills at each age. Only SES influenced the rate of growth, specifically nonverbal intellectual skills. The magnitudes of these effects were moderate, but …

Decreasing Barriers For Teens: Evaluation Of A New Teenage Pregnancy Prevention Strategy In School-Based Clinics, Abbey C. Sidebottom, Amanda Birnbaum, Sarah S. Nafstad

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

Sidebottom et al seek to evaluate the effects of the change in distribution systems on students' receipt of requested contraceptives and demand for contraceptive school-based clinics (SBC). The result of the study reveals that the average number of requests per student was higher under the voucher system, possibly as a consequence of expires vouchers resulting in repeated requests. The findings also suggest that SBCs could go a step further in reducing adolescents' barriers to accessing contraceptives by adopting an on-site direct delivery system..

Interpreting Hemoglobin And Water Concentration, Oxygen Saturation, And Scattering Measured In Vivo By Near-Infrared Breast Tomography, Subhadra Srinivasan, Brian W. Pogue, Shudong Jiang, Hamid Dehghani, Christine Kogel, Sandra Soho, Jennifer J. Gibson, Tor D. Tosteson, Steven P. Poplack, Keith D. Paulsen

Dartmouth Scholarship

Near-infrared spectroscopic tomography was used to measure the properties of 24 mammographically normal breasts to quantify whole-breast absorption and scattering spectra and to evaluate which tissue composition characteristics can be determined from these spectra. The absorption spectrum of breast tissue allows quantification of (i) total hemoglobin concentration, (ii) hemoglobin oxygen saturation, and (iii) water concentration, whereas the scattering spectrum provides information about the size and number density of cellular components and structural matrix elements. These property data were tested for correlation to demographic information, including subject age, body mass index, breast size, and radiographic …

Waddington’S Widget: Hsp90 And The Inheritance Of Acquired Characters, Douglas M. Ruden, Mark D. Garfinkel, Vincent E. Sollars, Xiangyi Lu

Biochemistry and Microbiology

Conrad Waddington published an influential model for evolution in his 1942 paper, Canalization of Development and Inheritance of Acquired Characters. In this classic, albeit controversial, paper, he proposed that an unknown mechanism exists that conceals phenotypic variation until the organism is stressed. Recent studies have proposed that the highly conserved chaperone Hsp90 could function as a “capacitor,” or an “adaptively inducible canalizer,” that masks silent phenotypic variation of either genetic or epigenetic origin. This review will discuss evidence for, and arguments against, the role of Hsp90 as a capacitor for morphological evolution, and as a key component of what …