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A Case Of Childhood Vaccination Barrier: Migrant And Seasonal Farmworkers, İbrahi̇m Koruk, Zeynep Şi̇mşek, Süda Teki̇n Koruk

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The Expanded Program on Immunization has proven to be one of the most effective public health strategies. However, the literature contends that medically disadvantaged groups have been associated with less compliance with vaccination calendars and schedules. The aim of this cross-sectional survey was to investigate the vaccination coverage of the children of migrant and seasonal farmworkers (MSFs) and to identify their specific barriers to vaccination. Materials and methods: A total of 168 children aged 12-23 months were recruited to the study from a primary healthcare center. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire targeting the issues of infant vaccination status, …

Relationship Between Significant Coronary Artery Disease And Coronary Artery Anomalies, Alparslan Bi̇rdane, Hüseyi̇n Uğur Yazici, Yüksel Aydar, Aydin Nadi̇r, Utku Şenol, Abdurrahman Tasal, Ömer Gökteki̇n, Necmi̇ Ata

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

In the present study we aimed to investigate the frequency and types of coronary artery anomalies (CAAs) and their correlation with coronary artery disease (CAD). Materials and methods: We assessed retrospectively the coronary angiography records of 8120 adult patients. We defined and classified the CAAs according to the classification system described by Angelini et al. Significant CAD was defined as the presence of angiographic coronary stenosis of >50% of the luminal diameter in at least 1 of the epicardial coronary arteries. Moreover, we compared the frequencies and features of the CAAs among CAD cases. Results: We detected coronary artery anomalies …

No Major Impact Of Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism Of The Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene On Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy, Seydi̇ Okumuş, Şeni̇z Demi̇ryürek, Mehtap Özkur, Erol Coşkun, Mehmet Gürkan Tatar, İbrahi̇m Erbağci, Ersi̇n Akarsu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the association between ACE gene I/D polymorphism and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TO) in the Turkish population. Materials and methods: A total of 105 patients with TO and 102 healthy control subjects were enrolled in this case-control study. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes, and I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene (ACE) was determined using a polymerase chain reaction. Results: There were no marked changes in allelic frequencies and genotype distribution of ACE I/D polymorphism between patients and control subjects. The distribution of I/D polymorphism and allele frequencies of TO patients were not significantly different from those of …

Is Renal Cell Cancer Stage Migration Valid Throughout The World?, Esat Korğali, Hüseyi̇n Saygin, Semi̇h Ayan, Gökhan Gökçe, Esi̇n Yildiz, Zi̇ynet Çinar, Emi̇n Yener Gülteki̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate changes in tumor sizes and pathological tumor stages in patients undergoing surgery for renal mass between 2000 and 2011. Materials and methods: The data of 157 patients who underwent surgery for renal mass, including TNM stage, size, and Fuhrman grade at final pathology, were evaluated retrospectively. Results: The mean pathological size of the tumor in the whole population of the study was 6.97 cm. The mean size of the renal mass was 7.22 cm, 7.05 cm, and 6.91 cm in group 1, group 2, and group 3, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant. Of the renal …

Antimicrobial Susceptibilities Of Various Arcobacter Species, Ahmet Ünver, Hali̇l İbrahi̇m Atabay, Mi̇tat Şahi̇n, Özgür Çelebi̇

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To determine the antimicrobial susceptibilities of various Arcobacter strains isolated from domestic geese, which have great potential for the transmission of arcobacters to humans and animals by contamination of water sources. Materials and methods: A total of 16 Arcobacter strains including A. cryaerophilus (7), A. skirrowii (7), and A. butzleri (2) were examined for their susceptibilities to 20 antibiotics using a disk-diffusion method. Results: All Arcobacter isolates tested were resistant to cloxacillin, cefazolin, optochin, vancomycin, and fusidic acid, and most were susceptible to oxytetracycline, chloramphenicol (except for A. butzleri), nitrofurantoin, amikacin, enrofloxacin, ofloxacin, erythromycin, ampicillin sulbactam, and amoxicillin (except for …

Cytokine Associated Neopterin Response Of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells To In Vitro Epstein–Barr Virus Transformation Process Of B Lymphocytes, Lati̇fe Arzu Aral, Ayşegül Atak Yücel

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is a human herpes virus that infects B lymphocytes latently and immortalises the cells due to transformation. EBV infection is asymptomatic in childhood, while it may cause a self-limiting lymphoproliferative disorder in adolescence. This study aimed to show the association between in vitro transformation of B lymphocytes via EBV and the levels of neopterin with different accompanying cytokine responses. Materials and methods: Mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral blood samples of healthy donors and transformed with an EBV secreting cell-line, B95-8. Neopterin, interferon (IFN)-\gamma, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-\alpha, and interleukin (IL)-6 levels were measured in culture …

Effects Of Intranasally Administered Dnsp-11 On The Central Dopamine System Of Normal And Parkinsonian Fischer 344 Rats, James H. Sonne

Theses and Dissertations--Neuroscience

Due to the blood-brain barrier, delivery of many drugs to the brain has required intracranial surgery which is prone to complication. Here we show that Dopamine Neuron Stimulating Peptide 11 (DNSP-11), following non-invasive intranasal administration, protects dopaminergic neurons from a lesion model of Parkinson’s disease in the rat. A significant and dose-dependent increase in an index of dopamine turnover (the ratio of DOPAC to dopamine) was observed in the striatum of normal young adult Fischer 344 rats by whole-tissue neurochemistry compared to vehicle administered controls.

Among animals challenged with a moderate, unilateral 6-hydroxy-dopamine (6-OHDA) lesion of the substantia nigra, those …

Changes In Sleep Architecture And Cognition With Age And Psychosocial Stress: A Study In Fischer 344 Rats, Heather M. Buechel

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences

Changes in both sleep architecture and cognition are common with age. Typically these changes have a negative connotation: sleep fragmentation, insomnia, and deep sleep loss as well as forgetfulness, lack of focus, and even dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Research has shown that psychosocial stressors, such as isolation from family and friends or loss of a loved one can also have significant negative effects on sleep architecture and cognitive capabilities. This leaves the elderly in a particularly vulnerable situation: suffering from cognitive decline and sleep dysregulation already, and more likely to respond negatively to psychosocial stressors. Taking all of these factors …

Inhibition Of Calpains By Calpastatin: Implications For Cellular And Functional Damage Following Traumatic Brain Injury, Kathleen M. Schoch

Theses and Dissertations--Physiology

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a devastating health problem based on its high incidence, economic burden, and lack of effective pharmacological treatment. Individuals who suffer an injury often experience lifelong disability. TBI results in abrupt, initial cell damage leading to delayed neuronal death. The calcium-activated proteases, calpains, are known to contribute to this secondary neurodegenerative cascade. Prolonged activation of calpains results in proteolysis of numerous cellular substrates including cytoskeletal components, membrane receptors, and cytosolic proteins, contributing to cell demise despite coincident expression of calpastatin, the specific inhibitor of calpains.

A comprehensive analysis using two separate calpastatin transgenic mouse lines was …

Sex Differences In Cell Death And Steroid Hormone Receptors In Cortical Explants, Amanda L. Trout

Theses and Dissertations--Physiology

Estrogens, such as the biologically active 17-b estradiol (E2) have many actions in the male and female brain. Not only does E2 regulate reproductive behavior in adults, it organizes and activates the brains of younger animals in a sex-specific manner. In addition, many human studies have shown E2 to provide protection against a variety of neurological disorders, including stoke. These studies have been controversial and depend largely on the type and timing of hormone replacement. Animal studies are much less controversial and clearly demonstrate a neuroprotective role for E2 following ischemic brain injury. Because much of E2 neuroprotection requires sex …

Mechanistic Basis For Atrial And Ventricular Arrhythmias Caused By Kcnq1 Mutations, Daniel C. Bartos

Theses and Dissertations--Physiology

Cardiac arrhythmias are caused by a disruption of the normal initiation or propagation of electrical impulses in the heart. Hundreds of mutations in genes encoding ion channels or ion channel regulatory proteins are linked to congenital arrhythmia syndromes that increase the risk for sudden cardiac death. This dissertation focuses on how mutations in a gene (KCNQ1) that encodes a voltage-gated K⁺ ion channel (Kv7.1) can disrupt proper channel function and lead to abnormal repolarization of atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes.

In the heart, Kv7.1 coassembles with a regulatory protein to conduct the slowly activating delayed rectifier K^{+ …}

Evaluation Of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 As A Therapeutic Approach For The Treatment Of Traumatic Brain Injury, Shaun W. Carlson

Theses and Dissertations--Physiology

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a prevalent CNS neurodegenerative condition that results in lasting neurological dysfunction, including potentially debilitating cognitive impairments. Despite the advancements in understanding the complex damage that can culminate in cellular dysfunction and loss, no therapeutic treatment has been effective in clinical trials, highlighting that new approaches are desperately needed. A therapy that limits cell death while simultaneously promoting reparative mechanisms, including post-traumatic neurogenesis, in the injured brain may have maximum effectiveness in improving recovery of function after TBI. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a potent growth factor that has previously been shown to promote recovery of …

Glutamate Dysregulation And Hippocampal Dysfunction In Epileptogenesis, Seth R. Batten

Theses and Dissertations--Medical Sciences

Epileptogenesis is the complex process of the brain developing epileptic acitivity. Due to the role of glutamate and the hippocampus in synaptic plasticity a dysregulation in glutamate neurotransmission and hippocampal dysfunction are implicated in the process of epileptogenesis. However, the exact causal factors that promote epileptogenesis are unknown.

We study presynaptic proteins that regulate glutamate neurotransmission and their role in epileptogenesis. The presynaptic protein, tomosyn, is believed to be a negative regulator of glutamate neurotransmission; however, no one has studied the effects of this protein on glutamate transmission in vivo. Furthermore, evidence suggests that mice lacking tomosyn have a …

Defining The Role Of Reactive Oxygen Species, Nitric Oxide, And Sphingolipid Signaling In Tumor Necrosis Factor - Induced Skeletal Muscle Weakness, Shawn Stasko

Theses and Dissertations--Physiology

In many chronic inflammatory diseases, patients suffer from skeletal muscle weakness, exacerbating their symptoms. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) and sphingomyelinase are increased, suggesting their possible role in the progression of this weakness. This dissertation focuses on the role that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) play in mediating TNF-induced skeletal muscle weakness and to what extent sphingolipid signaling mediates cellular response to TNF.

The first aim of this work was to identify which endogenous oxidant species stimulated by TNF contributes to skeletal muscle weakness. In C57BL/6 mice (n=38), intraperitoneal injection of TNF elicited a 25% …

Amalgamation Of Nucleosides And Amino Acids In Antibiotic Biosynthesis, Sandra H. Barnard

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

The rapid increase in antibiotic resistance demands the identification of novel antibiotics with novel targets. One potential antibacterial target is the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan cell wall, which is both ubiquitous and necessary for bacterial survival. Both the caprazamycin-related compounds A-90289 and muraminomicin, as well as the capuramycin-related compounds A-503083 and A-102395 are potent inhibitors of the translocase I enzyme, one of the key enzymes required for cell wall biosynthesis. The caprazamycin-related compounds contain a core nonproteinogen b-hydroxy-a-amino acid referred to as 5’-C-glycyluridine (GlyU). Residing within the biosynthetic gene clusters of the aforementioned compounds is a shared open reading …

Microglia Activation In A Rodent Model Of An Alcohol Use Disorder: The Importance Of Phenotype, Initiation, And Duration Of Activation, Simon A. Marshall

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Chronic ethanol exposure results in neuroadaptations that drive the progression of an alcohol use disorder (AUD). One such driving force is alcohol-induced neurodegeneration. Neuroinflammation has been proposed as a mechanism underlying this damage. Although neuroinflammation is a physiological response to damage, overactivation of its pathways can lead to neurodegeneration. A hallmark indicator of neuroinflammation is microglial activation, but microglial activation is a heterogeneous continuum of phenotypes that can promote or inhibit neuroinflammation. Furthermore acute microglial activation is necessary to restore homeostasis, but prolonged activation can exacerbate damage. The diversity of microglia makes both the level and timecourse of activation vital …

Reaction Between Polyol-Esters And Phosphate Esters In The Presence Of Metal Carbides, David W. Johnson, Carolyn Iacullo, John E. Hils

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The reaction of metal carbides with polyol esters found in aerospace lubricants and phosphate esters commonly used as additives was investigated. Carbides were of particular interest since modern materials under consideration at high temperature bearings have surfaces that are primarily metal carbides. Vanadium and chromium carbide were found to react with the ester and phosphate ester by a transesterification reaction, producing an alkyl phosphate which is less stable than the aromatic phosphate esters. In the process, the metal carbide is converted to the metal phosphate and metal polyphosphate, evidenced by the infrared and Raman spectra of the solid residue and …

Discovery Of New Biomarkers Of Mild Cognitive Impairment And Alzheimer's Disease Risk In Buccal Cells Using Laser Scanning Cytometry, Maxime Francois

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Previous studies have shown that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may reflect the early stages of more pronounced neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In clinical practice, patients with AD are not usually identified until the disease has progressed to a stage when primary prevention is no longer possible. Therefore there is a need for a minimally invasive and inexpensive diagnostic to identify those who exhibit cellular pathology indicative of MCI and AD risk so that they can be prioritised for primary prevention. Human buccal cells are accessible in a minimally invasive manner, and exhibit cytological and nuclear morphologies that …

Possible Steps Of Complete Disassembly Of Post-Termination Complex By Yeast Eef3 Deduced From Inhibition By Translocation Inhibitors., Shinya Kurata, Ben Shen, Jun O Liu, Nono Takeuchi, Akira Kaji, Hideko Kaji

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

Ribosomes, after one round of translation, must be recycled so that the next round of translation can occur. Complete disassembly of post-termination ribosomal complex (PoTC) in yeast for the recycling consists of three reactions: release of tRNA, release of mRNA and splitting of ribosomes, catalyzed by eukaryotic elongation factor 3 (eEF3) and ATP. Here, we show that translocation inhibitors cycloheximide and lactimidomycin inhibited all three reactions. Cycloheximide is a non-competitive inhibitor of both eEF3 and ATP. The inhibition was observed regardless of the way PoTC was prepared with either release factors or puromycin. Paromomycin not only inhibited all three reactions …

Dynein And Dynactin Leverage Their Bivalent Character To Form A High-Affinity Interaction., Amanda E Siglin, Shangjin Sun, Jeffrey K Moore, Sarah Tan, Martin Poenie, James D Lear, Tatyana Polenova, John A Cooper, John C Williams

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

Cytoplasmic dynein and dynactin participate in retrograde transport of organelles, checkpoint signaling and cell division. The principal subunits that mediate this interaction are the dynein intermediate chain (IC) and the dynactin p150(Glued); however, the interface and mechanism that regulates this interaction remains poorly defined. Herein, we use multiple methods to show the N-terminus of mammalian dynein IC, residues 10-44, is sufficient for binding p150(Glued). Consistent with this mapping, monoclonal antibodies that antagonize the dynein-dynactin interaction also bind to this region of the IC. Furthermore, double and triple alanine point mutations spanning residues 6 to 19 in the yeast IC homolog, …

Ash2 Acts As An Ecdysone Receptor Coactivator By Stabilizing The Histone Methyltransferase Trr., Albert Carbonell, Alexander Mazo, Florenci Serras, Montserrat Corominas

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

The molting hormone ecdysone triggers chromatin changes via histone modifications that are important for gene regulation. On hormone activation, the ecdysone receptor (EcR) binds to the SET domain-containing histone H3 methyltransferase trithorax-related protein (Trr). Methylation of histone H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4me), which is associated with transcriptional activation, requires several cofactors, including Ash2. We find that ash2 mutants have severe defects in pupariation and metamorphosis due to a lack of activation of ecdysone-responsive genes. This transcriptional defect is caused by the absence of the H3K4me3 marks set by Trr in these genes. We present evidence that Ash2 interacts with Trr …

Molecular Determinants Of Epidermal Growth Factor Binding: A Molecular Dynamics Study., Jeffrey M Sanders, Matthew E Wampole, Mathew L. Thakur, Eric Wickstrom

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family that plays a role in multiple cellular processes. Activation of EGFR requires binding of a ligand on the extracellular domain to promote conformational changes leading to dimerization and transphosphorylation of intracellular kinase domains. Seven ligands are known to bind EGFR with affinities ranging from sub-nanomolar to near micromolar dissociation constants. In the case of EGFR, distinct conformational states assumed upon binding a ligand is thought to be a determining factor in activation of a downstream signaling network. Previous biochemical studies suggest the existence of both …

Structural Implications For Selective Targeting Of Parps., Jamin D Steffen, Md, Jonathan Brody, Md, Roger S Armen, Md, John M Pascal, Md

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are a family of enzymes that use NAD(+) as a substrate to synthesize polymers of ADP-ribose (PAR) as post-translational modifications of proteins. PARPs have important cellular roles that include preserving genomic integrity, telomere maintenance, transcriptional regulation, and cell fate determination. The diverse biological roles of PARPs have made them attractive therapeutic targets, which have fueled the pursuit of small molecule PARP inhibitors. The design of PARP inhibitors has matured over the past several years resulting in several lead candidates in clinical trials. PARP inhibitors are mainly used in clinical trials to treat cancer, particularly as sensitizing agents …

Identification Of Phosphorylation Sites In The Cooh-Terminal Tail Of The Μ-Opioid Receptor., Ying-Ju Chen, Sue Oldfield, Adrian J. Butcher, Andrew B. Tobin, Kunal Saxena, Vsevolod V. Gurevich, Jeffrey L. Benovic, Graeme Henderson, Eamonn Kelly

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

Phosphorylation is considered a key event in the signalling and regulation of the μ opioid receptor (MOPr). Here, we used mass spectroscopy to determine the phosphorylation status of the C-terminal tail of the rat MOPr expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK-293) cells. Under basal conditions, MOPr is phosphorylated on Ser(363) and Thr(370), while in the presence of morphine or [D-Ala2, NMe-Phe4, Gly-ol5]-enkephalin (DAMGO), the COOH terminus is phosphorylated at three additional residues, Ser(356) , Thr(357) and Ser(375). Using N-terminal glutathione S transferase (GST) fusion proteins of the cytoplasmic, C-terminal tail of MOPr and point mutations of the same, we …

Regulation Of Alpha Synuclein Following Chronic Methamphetamine Administration In Guinea Pigs: Correlation With Memory And Synaptic Plasticity, Adnouse Blanc

PCOM Biomedical Studies Student Scholarship

Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive drug of abuse that has a severe impact on neuronal changes in the brain including modulations of plasticity, cognitive dysfunction, as well as memory impairment. These changes can be seen as modifications in the expression of biochemical markers associated with synaptic plasticity. One such marker associated with memory impairment is alpha synuclein (α-syn). Alteration of α-syn expression has been linked to memory impairment in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Here we assess the effect of chronic METH treatment in correlation to cognitive functions.

Twenty-nine guinea pigs (male, 150-250 g) were …

Molecular Mechanisms Related To Endotoxemia In Primary Human Cardiomyocytes In Culture, Atijah J. Collins

PCOM Biomedical Studies Student Scholarship

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States and has been for the past 80 years. Development of novel therapeutic agents to address the large number of CVD deaths requires an in depth understanding of the structural and functional properties of human cardiomyocytes. Over the last few years we have been developing an in vitro paradigm to assess molecular cardiodynamics in Primary Human Cardiomyocyte in culture (PHCC). We tested the hypothesis whether endotoxemia would exhibit a marked decrease in contractile proteins and cause apoptosis in PHCC. In the current series of experiments, we induced endotoxemia …

Expression Of Cyclin D1, P27, P21, Bcl-2, And P53 In Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma And An Investigation Of The Correlation With Conventional Prognostic Factors, Gülçi̇n Şi̇mşek, Ünsal Han, Bi̇nnur Önal, Fatma Fulya Köybaşioğlu, İstemi̇han Akin, Muharrem Dağli

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Because it is a multistep process, in carcinogenesis it is necessary to determine key genes such as cyclin D1, p27, p21, bcl-2, and p53 that are responsible for uncontrolled proliferation and other mechanisms. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between the anomalous accumulation of these proteins and the prognosis of laryngeal carcinomas. Materials and methods: In our study, cyclin D1, p27, p21, bcl-2, and p53 expressions were analyzed immunohistochemically in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas, and the findings were compared with conventional prognostic parameters such as patient age, sex, tumor localization and diameter, tumor differentiation, lymph node …

Invasive Device-Associated Hospital Infection Rates, Etiological Agents, And Their Antibiotic Susceptibilities In The Medical Intensive Care Unit Of A University Hospital In Turkey, Sali̇ha Çevi̇k, Vuslat Boşnak, Mustafa Namiduru, İlkay Karaoğlan, Ayşe Özlem Mete

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To determine the rate, etiological agents, antibiotic susceptibilities, and empirical treatment options of etiological agents of invasive device-associated hospital infections (IDAHIs) in the medical intensive care unit of a university hospital. Materials and methods: Between February 2007 and December 2009, 780 IDAHI cases were evaluated in 1650 patients. Results: Ventilator associated pneumonia, catheter-associated urinary tract infection, and central venous catheter-associated blood stream infection were observed in 415, 242, and 143 IDAHI cases, respectively. The most frequently isolated etiological agents were Acinetobacter spp. in ventilator-associated pneumonia, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) in central venous catheter-associated blood stream infection, and Candida spp. and E. …

Do Dynamic Condylar Screw-Plates Lead To Iatrogenic Fracture?, Mahmut Nedi̇m Ayteki̇n, Fati̇h Küçükdurmaz, İsmai̇l Çeli̇k, Ali̇ Firat Esmer, Fuat Akpinar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Although many anatomic, morphologic, and radiologic studies have been carried out for the femur, as for all other bones of the skeletal system, we could not find any morphometric studies useful for orthopedic surgeons who want to understand the effects of dynamic condylar screw-plates (DCS-Plates) on the distal femur. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of cortex loss in the distal femur when inserting a DCS-Plate. Materials and methods: The lateral cortex width of 125 adult, dry, and grossly intact right and left cadaver femora was measured for the region of the femur in which the …

A Potential Association Between The Number Of Ca Repeats In The Promoter Region Of The Adamts9 Gene With Lymphatic Metastasis Of Breast Cancer, Mi̇kdat Bozer, Fatma Aşik, Muradi̇ye Acar, Hacer Haltaş, Si̇bel Yeni̇dünya, Meti̇n Canbal, Vehap Topçu, Muhammet Ramazan Yi̇ği̇toğlu, Mehmet Gündüz, Esra Gündüz, Satoshi Hirohata, Kadi̇r Demi̇rcan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

We investigated the effect of the number of cytosine-adenine (CA) repeats in the ADAMTS9 promoter region on breast cancer lymphatic metastasis. Materials and methods: Thirty-one postoperative breast cancer patients were selected and examined retrospectively. The patients were classified into 2 groups: metastatic or nonmetastatic. Thirty healthy women were selected as the control group, and their peripheral blood was obtained. Following DNA isolation from the cancer tissue specimens and peripheral blood, the promoter region of the ADAMTS9 gene was directly sequenced and the number of CA repeats was determined. Results: The number of CA repeats ranged between 19 and 21 in …