Digital Commons Network^™

Sign Language Ability In Young Deaf Signers Predicts Comprehension Of Written Sentences In English., Kathy N Andrew, Jennifer Hoshooley, Marc F Joanisse

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

We investigated the robust correlation between American Sign Language (ASL) and English reading ability in 51 young deaf signers ages 7;3 to 19;0. Signers were divided into 'skilled' and 'less-skilled' signer groups based on their performance on three measures of ASL. We next assessed reading comprehension of four English sentence structures (actives, passives, pronouns, reflexive pronouns) using a sentence-to-picture-matching task. Of interest was the extent to which ASL proficiency provided a foundation for lexical and syntactic processes of English. Skilled signers outperformed less-skilled signers overall. Error analyses further indicated greater single-word recognition difficulties in less-skilled signers marked by a higher …

Longitudinal Change In Regional Cortices And Fluid Intelligence, Peng Yuan

Wayne State University Dissertations

Fluid intelligence (Gf) and crystalized intelligence (Gc) are two factors of the general intelligence. They have distinct age-related trajectories of change. Jung and Haier proposed Parieto-Frontal Integration Theory (P-FIT, 2007) to account for the inter-person variance in reasoning intelligence. Some brain regions such as prefrontal, parietal, temporal and anterior cingulate cortices were included in the P-FIT model and were hypothesized to be involved in fluid reasoning task. Therefore, in the current study, we examined latent growth curves (LGC) of longitudinal change in Gf, Gc, prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex, anterior cingulate, temporal cortex and primary visual cortex. Forty-six healthy middle-aged and …

Self-Medication With Antibiotics Among Non-Medical University Students Of Karachi: A Cross-Sectional Study, Syed Jawad Shah, Hamna Ahmad, Rija Binte Rehan, Sidra Najeeb, Mirrah Mumtaz, Muhammad Hashim Jilani, Muhammad Sharoz Rabbani, Muhammad Zakariya Alam, Saba Farooq, M Masood Kadir

Community Health Sciences

Background: The prevalence of self -medication with antibiotics is quite high in developing countries as opposed to developed countries. Antibiotics are often taken erroneously for certain ailments, without having the appropriate knowledge of their use. This carries potential risks for the individual as well as the community, in form of several side effects such as antibiotic resistance. Therefore the prevalence of self-medicated antibiotics in developing countries needs to be studied.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at six different non-medical universities of Karachi. 431 students were included in the study. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using …

Electronic Prescribing And Its Implementation In The United States, Kate Englebert, Amber Porterfield, William K. Willis, Alberto Coustasse

Management Faculty Research

Introduction: Electronic prescribing (e-prescribing) is an important part of the nation’s push to create an electronically accessible national health system. E-prescribing allows providers to send prescriptions electronically to the pharmacy and can be stand-alone systems or part of an integrated electronic health record system.

Methodology: The methodology for this study was a literature review. Electronic databases accessed include EBSCOhost, PubMED, and Google Scholar. Additionally, government websites and a semi-structured interview were used. A total of 39 sources were referenced for the review.

Results: The results of the literature review demonstrated that e-prescribing reduces prescribing errors, increases efficiency, and helps save …

Influenza Hospitalizations In New York State 2007-2013 : Impact Of Vaccine And Antiviral Treatment Effectiveness In Reducing Severity Of Illness, Mary Dundas

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Background: Underlying medical conditions are known risk factors for increased severity of infectious diseases, including influenza. Although most studies on disease severity, underlying medical conditions, and prevention/treatment effectiveness occurred during the pandemic 2009-2010 season, data is also available for seasons when influenza virus B and influenza virus A subtypes pH1N1, seasonal H1N1, and H3N2 were circulating.

Comparison Of Intraarticular Bupivacaine And Levobupivacaine Injection In Rat Synovial Inflammation, Beki̇r Suat Kürkçüoğlu, Melahat Dönmez, Seher Altinel, Seda Banu Akinci, Fatma Saricaoğlu, Ülkü Aypar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Both bupivacaine and levobupivacaine are local anesthetics with strong analgesic efficacy that can be used intraarticularly. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of intraarticular bupivacaine and levobupivacaine injection on inflammation in articular cartilage and the synovium of the rat knee joint. Materials and methods: Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were injected in the right knee joint with 0.2 mL of bupivacaine, while 0.2 mL of levobupivacaine was injected into the left knee joint. Groups of 5 were sacrificed on days 1, 7, 14, and 21 after bupivacaine and levobupivacaine administration and knee joints were examined for subintimal fibrosis, …

Transradial Approach In The Diagnosis And Treatment Of Coronary Artery Disease: A 2-Center Experience, Mustafa Yurtdaş, Yüksel Kaya, Edi̇p Gönüllü

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To document the safety, success, and complications of transradial coronary procedures. Materials and methods: This retrospective study consisted of 427 patients who had undergone transradial coronary angiography and/or angioplasty between June 2010 and May 2012. The main outcome measures were the procedural safety, success rate, and complications associated with transradial interventions. Results: Procedural success rate was 93.2% (398/427), with cannulation time of 2.1 ± 1.4 min, diagnostic time of 5.6 ± 2.1 min, fluoroscopy time of 9.5 ± 6.6 min, and total procedure time of 47.1 ± 20.2 min. The main causes for unsuccessful procedures were failed radial puncture (11 …

Effects Of Some Of The Regional Turkish Fermented Foods And Medications On Respiratory Alcohol Levels, Cem Uysal, Mustafa Karapi̇rli̇, Mehmet Aki̇f İnanici

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Alcohols are used in many areas like medicine and industry. They may be naturally found in some fruits and vegetables secondary to fermentation. According to the traffic law in Turkey, professional drivers are prohibited from driving while they are under the influence of alcohol; nonprofessional drivers are allowed to drive vehicles with a blood alcohol level of up to 50 mg/dL. The aim of this research is to determine whether or not consumed medicine or fermented, nonalcoholic beverages cause false positive results in breathalyzer tests. Materials and methods: In this research, we used nonalcoholic fermented foods and 6 medicines. After …

Is The Diagnosis And Treatment Of Childhood Acute Bacterial Meningitis In Turkey Evidence-Based?, Özden Türel, Mustafa Bakir

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Evidence-based guidance is likely to significantly improve patient care. We aimed to characterize the adequacy of standard diagnostic methods and treatment in children with acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) in Turkey. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective study among children 1 month to 5 years old hospitalized with ABM in İstanbul. The World Health Organization case definition and laboratory criteria were used for diagnosis. Results: Of the 283 cases, 250 were probable and 33 (11.2%) were confirmed as bacterial meningitis. The majority of patients (92%) were treated at 9 governmental hospitals and the remaining 21 at 2 university hospitals. Blood …

Seroprevalences And Associated Risk Factors Of Hepatitis B And C In Adults, Mustafa Yildirim, Selma Çakir, Mehmet Faruk Geyi̇k, Davut Özdemi̇r, Ertuğrul Güçlü, Mehmet Çakir

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Chronic hepatitis due to hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. In this study we aimed to find out seroprevalences and associated risk factors of hepatitis B and C in adults in Düzce. Materials and methods: The sample of study was determined with a cluster-type sampling method. The study included 1321 people, consisting of 667 women and 654 men who were 18 years or older. A questionnaire about demographic information and risk factors was applied. Results: Seroprevalences of HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HCV were 4.8%, 9.4%, and 0.7%, respectively. HBsAg seroprevalences were …

Evaluation Of Scleral-Fixated Intraocular Lens Position Anomalies By Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography, Ni̇hat Polat, Kemaletti̇n Kazim Devranoğlu, Mehmet Aki̇f Özdamar, Ceyhun Arici

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To measure the positions of scleral-fixated intraocular lenses (IOLs) using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to evaluate the influence of the position of scleral-fixated IOL on the quality of vision. Materials and methods: Twenty-six eyes of 26 patients were included in the study. The average age was 57.5 (11 to 78) years. Anterior segment images were taken using slit lamp optical coherence tomography (SL-OCT) and were used to evaluate the position of the IOL. Results: The average amounts of tilt and decentration were 2.25° ± 1.93° and 359.28 ± 194.70 µm, respectively. There was a positive and moderate …

Evaluation Of Malaria Cases In Individuals After Traveling To Endemic Regions Of The World, Hülya Çaşkurlu, Emi̇ne Pakir, Aslihan Çolak

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

This study evaluates types of malaria and treatment success in a series of identified cases among individuals who were presumed to have travelled to regions where malaria is endemic. Materials and methods: In Sema Hospital, 25 cases of malaria (5 in women, 20 in men) were diagnosed during the 6-year period between 2006 and 2012. The mean age of the patients was 34.5 years. Diagnoses were established with thick and thin peripheral blood smears that were parasite-positive. These tests were then compared to the rapid diagnostic test based on Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2. Results: All cases demonstrated fever beginning …

The Role Of Ct And Mri In The Diagnosis Of Sigmoid Volvulus, Sabri̇ Selçuk Atamanalp, Abdulmeci̇t Kantarci, Bünyami̇ Özoğul, Abdullah Kisaoğlu, Refi̇k Seli̇m Atamanalp

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Letter to the Editor

Protective Effect Of L-Carnitine In A Rat Model Of Retinopathy Of Prematurity, Sadullah Keleş, İbrahi̇m Caner, Orhan Ateş, Özgür Çakici, Fati̇h Saruhan, Uğur Yilmaz Mumcu, Deni̇z Ünal, Kadi̇r Şerafetti̇n Tekgündüz, Ayhan Taşteki̇n, Ahmet Hacimüftüoğlu, Nesri̇n Gürsan, Hami̇t Hakan Alp

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the effects of L-carnitine (LC) on rats with oxygen-induced retinopathy. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 40 Sprague Dawley rat pups. The rat pups were randomly divided into 4 groups: group 1 (n = 10), the healthy control group with intraperitoneal 0.1 mL/day physiological saline injection; group 2 (n = 10), exposed to hyperoxygen, did not receive LC but received 0.1 mL/day physiological saline intraperitoneally; group 3 (n = 10), exposed to hyperoxygen and received 100 mg/kg/day LC intraperitoneally; group 4 (n = 10), exposed to hyperoxygen and received 200 mg/kg/day LC intraperitoneally. After postnatal day …

An Evolutionary Perspective On Infectious And Chronic Disease, John Eberth

Theses and Dissertations

The integration of evolutionary biology with traditional medicine can elucidate novel mechanisms of contemporary disease. Whereas the goal of traditional medicine is to treat and cure the proximate causes, evolutionary biology aims to understand the driving forces behind why humans are susceptible to disease. To form the basis of this hypothesis we postulate that modern man's current genetic information was programmed at a time, and in an environment, that is not relevant to today's human populations. The discordance between these genes of our ancestors and the environment of contemporary humans is thought to be a major reason for the increase …

The Role Of Microrna In Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Inflammation And Acute Lung Injury, Roshni Rao

Theses and Dissertations

Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is a potent activator of the Vβ8+T-cells leading to the proliferation of nearly 30% of the T-cell pool. As a consequence, excessive amounts of cytokine mediators are released leading to extensive tissue damage and sometimes toxic shock and death. Due to the ease with which SEB can be aerosolized anddisseminated, it is considered a biological weapon. In the current study, we investigated the pro-inflammatory effects of SEB in two mouse models of acute inflammatory lung injury. Specifically, while inflammatory cues are known to elicit changes in key transcriptional factors and gene expression, we explored for the …

Preparation, Characterization, And Delivery Of Antibodies Binding To A Model Oncogenic Rna, Human Initiator Trna, Jennifer Archer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) account for a higher percent of the genome than coding mRNAs, and are implicated in human disease such as cancer, neurological, cardiac and many others. While the majority of ncRNAs involved in disease were originally attributed to a class of RNAs called micro RNAs (miRNAs) with a small size of only about 19 -24 base pairs, emerging research has now demonstrated a class of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that have a size of over 200 base pairs to be responsible for gene regulation and other functional roles and have also found to contribute to pathogenesis in humans. …

The Role Of Lim Kinase 1 And Its Substrates In Cell Cycle Progression, Lisa Ritchey

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

LIM Kinase 1 (LIMK1), a modulator of actin and microtubule dynamics, has been shown to be involved in cell cycle progression. In this study we examine the role of LIMK1 in G1 phase and mitosis. We found ectopic expression of LIMK1 resulted in altered expression of p27Kip1, the G1 phase Cyclin D1/Cdk4 inhibitor. Overexpression of LIMK1 resulted in lower levels of p27Kip1 and p27Kip1-pY88 (inactive p27Kip1). Knockdown of LIMK1 resulted in elevated levels of p27Kip1 and p27Kip1-pY88. Together, these results suggest LIMK1 regulates progression of G1 phase through modulation of p27Kip1 expression. LIMK1 is involved in the mitotic process through …

Host And Bacterial Determinants Of Staphylococcus Aureus Nasal Colonization In Humans, Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Staphylococcus aureus (SA), an opportunistic pathogen colonizing the anterior nares in approximately 30% of the human population, causes severe hospital-associated and community-acquired infections. SA nasal carriage plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of staphylococcal infections and SA eradication from the nares has proven to be effective in reducing endogenous infections. To understand SA nasal colonization and its relation with consequent disease, assessment of nasal carriage dynamics among a diverse population and determining factors responsible for SA nasal carriage have become major imperatives. Here, we report on an extensive longitudinal monitoring of SA nasal carriage in 109 healthy individuals over …

Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes In Adana And Antakya Regions Of Turkey, Agah Bahadir Öztürk, Ümi̇t Bi̇lge Doğan, Nevi̇n Akçaer Öztürk, Gonca Özyazici, Mehmet Demi̇r, Mustafa Sali̇h Akin, Ali̇ Suha Bi̇ngöl

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 was found to be dominant in Turkey. In this study, HCV genotypes were examined in the Adana and Antakya regions of Turkey. Materials and methods: The study consisted of 639 HCV-RNA–positive patients with chronic HCV infection in Adana (214 males and 101 females) and Antakya (139 males and 185 females) in Turkey. Real time-polymerase chain reaction was used for genotype determination. Results: In Antakya, it was determined that the percentages of genotypes of type 1a (0.31%), 1b (86.73%), 2 (9.26%), 3 (0.93%), and 4 (2.78%) were compatible with the nationwide results seen in Turkey. …

Evaluation And Comparison Of Alpha- And Beta-Amanitin Toxicity On Mcf-7 Cell Line, Ertuğrul Kaya, Recep Bayram, Kürşat Oğuz Yaykaşli, İsmai̇l Yilmaz, Sai̇t Bayram, Emi̇ne Yaykaşli, Muhsi̇ne Zeynep Yavuz, Ali̇ Akçahan Gepdi̇remen

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Alpha- and beta-amanitins are the main toxins of the poisonous Amanita phalloides mushroom. Although there are many studies available concerning alpha-amanitin, there are limited data about beta-amanitin in the literature. Therefore, this study is aimed at comparing the toxic effects of alpha- and beta-amanitin on the MCF-7 cell line. Materials and methods: The alpha- and beta-amanitins used for this research were purified from Amanita phalloides by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. The MCF-7 breast cancer cell line was used, and specific concentrations of the toxins (100, 10, 1, 0.1, and 0.01 µg/mL) were applied to the cells. The MTT test was …

Effects Of Ozone Therapy And Taurine On Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Testicular Injury In A Rat Testicular Torsion Model, Tolga Reşat Aydos, Mehmet Murad Başar, Oğuz Kul, Hasan Tarik Atmaca, Tuba Uzunali̇oğlu, Üçler Kisa, Oğuzhan Eki̇n Efe

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the effect of ozone and/or taurine treatment comparatively on testicular damage due to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in an experimental torsion model in rats. Materials and methods: Adult Wistar rats with and without torsion/detorsion were used. In order to monitor the effect of ozone and/or taurine treatment on testicular damage due to I/R injury, following histopathological investigation apoptotic indexes were scored by TUNEL method. Moreover, tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), caspase 3, caspase 8, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF\alpha), and cytochrome C immunostainings were performed and the levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide …

The Relation Between Helicobacter Pylori And Ulcerative Colitis, Sedat Caner, Aki̇f Altinbaş, Yusuf Yeşi̇l, Yavuz Beyazit, Bariş Yilmaz, Osman Yüksel

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Besides some genetic explanations of the native course of ulcerative colitis (UC), the most attributable factors are pathogenic bacterial agents. There are some conflicting data about the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and the rate of UC in the literature. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the rate of H. pylori in UC patients. Materials and methods: Forty-nine individuals diagnosed with UC who had undergone upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy for different reasons were included in the study. The presence of H. pylori in the stomach was checked by histopathological examination. Results: H. pylori positivity was present in 57.1% of patients with UC. …

The Correlation Of Echo Findings Of Right Cardiac Pathologies With Bnp, Uric Acid, And Crp In Osas, Ömer Araz, Eli̇f Yilmazel Uçar, Hüsnü Deği̇rmenci̇, Di̇dem Pulur, Hami̇t Acemoğlu, Ednan Bayram, Fuat Gündoğdu, Meti̇n Akgün

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Right cardiac pathologies develop in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and in most patients there are no symptoms in the early stages of right cardiac disorders. We aimed to evaluate a possible relationship between B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), blood uric acid, C-reactive protein (CRP), and the right cardiac pathologies in patients with OSAS, and the role of these parameters in the management of patients with OSAS. Materials and methods: A total of 98 subjects, 31 (31.6%) controls and 67 (68.4%) with OSAS, were included in the study. All the subjects underwent polysomnography, and standard and tissue Doppler echocardiography …

A Case--Ontrol Study Of The Factors Affecting Male Infertility, Mohammad Mahboubi, Fezollah Foroughi, Fariba Ghahramani, Hanieh Shahandeh, Sahar Moradi, Tooraj Shirzadian

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after at least 1 year of unprotected intercourse. In about one third of infertile couples, a male factor is the primary problem. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the most common risk factors for male infertility in Iranian men. Materials and methods: This case-control study included 268 men attending an infertility clinic in Shiraz, Iran. In this study, 161 fertile men were compared with 108 infertile ones regarding risk factors such as smoking habits, drug consumption, hernia, varicocele, job, and BMI. The data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis and t-test. …

Early Surgical Results Of A 23-Gauge Trocar Combined With A One-Directional Valve System In Primary And Secondary Pars Plana Vitrectomy, Ayşe Gül Altintaş, Hasan Basri̇ Ari̇foğlu, Şükrü Gülteki̇n Köklü, Kenan Sönmez

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To elucidate the early surgical advantages of a 23-gauge trocar combined with a one-directional valve system in transconjunctival pars plana vitrectomies. Materials and methods: Early surgical results of 432 eyes of 432 patients (190 female and 242 male) who underwent 23-gauge (23G) transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomies (TSV) were evaluated. Sixty-three patients out of 432 underwent a second operation, 29 of them underwent silicone oil extraction, and 34 had phacoemulsification surgery with the help of vitreous infusion. If any sign of leakage was observed after the withdrawal of the cannulae, a suture was applied at the conjunctiva-scleral opening site. Results: A total …

Assessment Of Left Ventricular Function By Strain–Strain Rate Echocardiography In Patients With Celiac Disease, Cenk Sari, Ayli̇n Demi̇rezer Bolat, Fatma Ebru Akin, Ni̇hal Akar Bayram, Sevi̇l Özer Sari, Serdal Baştuğ, Emi̇ne Bi̇len, Hüseyi̇n Ayhan, Telat Keleş, Tahi̇r Durmaz, Osman Ersoy, Engi̇n Bozkurt

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Celiac is predominantly a disease of the small intestine characterized by chronic malabsorption in genetically susceptible individuals who ingest grains containing gluten, such as wheat, barley, and rye. In the present study, we evaluate left ventricular function in patients with celiac disease by using strain and strain rate echocardiography imaging. Materials and methods: Twenty celiac patients and 20 healthy controls were included in this study. Left ventricle systolic and diastolic functions were evaluated with standard 2-dimension, M-mode, conventional Doppler echocardiography. Strain and strain rate parameters were obtained for 8 segments of the left ventricle. Results: There were no significant differences …

A Comparison Of The Generation Of Free Radicals In Saliva Of Active And Passive Smokers, Murat Demi̇rtaş, Ünal Şenel, Sevda Yüksel, Mustafa Yüksel

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To reveal any correlation between cigarette smoke and malondialdehyde (MDA) values in the saliva fluid of subjects who are active smokers or nonsmoking subjects who are exposed to cigarette smoke in their environments. Materials and methods: Saliva samples were taken from 3 groups: a control group (group 1), a group inhaling smoke passively (group 2), and a test group (group 3) smoking 20 cigarettes per day; each group consisted of 20 members, giving a total sample of 60 people, aged 20 to 45 years. MDA, which is an indicator of lipid peroxidation, was measured via the colorimetric method. Results: Salivary …

A Comparison Of The Effects Of Hyperbaric And Isobaric Bupivacaine Spinal Anesthesia On Hemodynamics And Heart Rate Variability, Mehmet Toptaş, Si̇nan Uzman, İlke İşi̇temi̇z, Tümay Uludağ Yanaral, İbrahi̇m Akkoç, Gülşen Bi̇can

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To compare the effects of hyperbaric and isobaric bupivacaine spinal anesthesia on hemodynamics and heart rate variability (HRV) in nonobstetric surgery. Materials and methods: Sixty patients were randomly allocated to 2 groups. Group I (n = 30) received 15 mg (3 mL) of hyperbaric bupivacaine and Group II (n = 30) received 15 mg (3 mL) of isobaric bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded before and after spinal anesthesia over 30 min. Analyses of HRV were performed on the day of surgery, after volume loading, and 20 min after spinal injection. Low frequency (LF) values, high frequency (HF) …

A Comparison Of Total Thyroidectomies Carried Out Through Ligasure And Harmonic Scalpel: A Retrospective Study, Kemal Peker, Ayça Tuba Dumanli Özcan, Murat Şahi̇n, Abdullah İnal, Kemal Kiliç, Fati̇h Özçi̇çek

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Both LigaSure (LS) and Harmonic Scalpel (HS) are new surgical technologies that have been used to secure hemostasis in various fields of surgery. There is little information in the literature about the use of LS and HS in thyroid surgery. The aim of this study was to report our experience with LS and HS in thyroid surgery. Materials and methods: In this nonrandomized retrospective study 326 consecutive patients who underwent primary thyroid surgery were reviewed. HS was used in 136 patients and LS was used in 126 patients. A conventional technique was used in 64 patients. The were 42 male …