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Frequency-Specificity And Pattern-Specificity Of The Buildup Of Auditory Stream Segregation, David Michael Weintraub

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

During repeating sequences of low (A) and high (B) tones in an "...ABAB..." pattern, the likelihood of hearing two separate streams ("streaming") increases with more repetitions of the patterns, a phenomenon referred to as "buildup". Previous studies have shown that buildup is frequency specific (Anstis & Saida, 1985) and that its biasing effects decays over several seconds (Beauvois & Meddis, 1997). No study has examined whether the frequency specificity of buildup persists for such a long duration. To address these issues, Experiment 1 tested the decay of frequency-specific and non-frequency specific buildup. The results revealed that (1) frequency-specific buildup effects …

Leptospiral Hemolysins Induce Proinflammatory Cytokines Through Toll-Like Receptor 2-And 4-Mediated Jnk And Nf-Κb Signaling Pathways, Huan Wang, Yifei Hu, David M. Ojcius, X. Frank Yang, Chenglin Zhang, Shibiao Ding, Xu'ai Lin, Jie Yan

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Infection with pathogenic Leptospira species causes serious systemic inflammation in patients. Although a few leptospiral proinflammatory molecules have been identified, Leptospira likely encodes other unidentified strong inflammation stimulators. The pathogenic L. interrogans genome encodes numerous putative hemolysin genes. Since hemolysins from other bacteria can cause inflammatory reactions, we hypothesized that leptospiral hemolysins may function as proinflammatory stimulators that contribute to the strong inflammation associated with Leptospira infection.

Melanopsin Mediates Retrograde Visual Signaling In The Retina, Dao-Qi Zhang, Michael A. Belenky, Patricia J. Sollars, Gary E. Pickard, Douglas G. Mcmahon

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The canonical flow of visual signals proceeds from outer to inner retina (photoreceptors→bipolar cells→ganglion cells). However, melanopsin-expressing ganglion cells are photosensitive and functional sustained light signaling to retinal dopaminergic interneurons persists in the absence of rods and cones. Here we show that the sustained-type light response of retinal dopamine neurons requires melanopsin and that the response is mediated by AMPA-type glutamate receptors, defining a retrograde retinal visual signaling pathway that fully reverses the usual flow of light signals in retinal circuits.

The New Role Of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9: A Connection Of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9, Apolipoprotein B, And Autophagy, Hua Sun

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels are positively correlated with the incidence of coronary artery disease. In the circulation, the plasma LDL clearance is mainly achieved by the uptake via LDL receptor (LDLR). Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a newly discovered gene, playing an important role in LDL metabolism. Gain-of-function mutations of PCSK9 lead to hypercholesterolemia and loss-of-function mutations of PCSK9 are associated with decrease of LDL cholesterol. The effects of PCSK9 on cholesterol levels are the consequence of a strong interaction between the catalytic domain of PCSK9 and epidermal growth factor-like repeat A (EGF-A) domain of …

Low Reactive Oxygen Species And High Glycolysis In Glioblastoma Stem Cells:Mechanisms And Therapeutic Implications, Feng Wang

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor with poor prognosis due in part to drug resistance and high incidence of tumor recurrence. The drug resistant and cancer recurrence phenotype may be ascribed to the presence of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), which seem to reside in special stem-cell niches in vivo and require special culture conditions including certain growth factors and serum-free medium to maintain their stemness in vitro. Exposure of GSCs to fetal bovine serum (FBS) can cause their differentiation, the underlying mechanism of which remains unknown. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role …

Direct Effects Of Metformin On Pi3k And Ras Signaling In Endometrial Cancer, David A. Iglesias M.D.

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Metformin has antiproliferative effects through the activation of AMPK and has gained interest as an antineoplastic agent in several cancer types, although studies in endometrial cancer (EC) are limited. The aims of this project were to evaluate pathways targeted by metformin in EC, investigate mechanisms by which metformin exerts its antiproliferative effects, and explore rational combination therapies with other targeted agents.

Three EC cell lines were used to evaluate metformin’s effect on cell proliferation, PI3K and Ras-MAPK signaling, and apoptosis. A xenograft mouse model was also used to evaluate the effects of metformin treatment on in vivo tumor growth. These …

Yeast Surface Display Of Cd154, Iaryna Masniuk

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The CD154 (CD40L) is a member of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family that plays a crucial role in regulation of both cell-mediated and humoral immunity by activating antigen presenting cells (APCs). Previously, studies in the laboratory demonstrated that yeast surface display system allows the expression of biologically functional antigen, such as subunit HA, against influenza virus. Yeast surface display system seems to be an excellent system to be utilized to develop anti-influenza virus vaccine. Thus, it is of interest to study the adjuvant function of CD154 on the subunit HA vaccine against influenza virus. In this project, the CD154 encoding …

Mini-Review: Decorin, A Guardian From The Matrix, Thomas Neill, Liliana Schaefer, Renato V. Iozzo

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Decorin, an archetypal member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan gene family, has a broad binding repertoire that encompasses matrix structural components, such as collagens, and growth factors, particularly those that belong to the transforming growth factor-β ligand superfamily. Within the tumor microenvironment, stromal decorin has an inherent proclivity to directly bind and down-regulate several receptor tyrosine kinases, which are often overexpressed in cancer cells. The decorin interactome commands a powerful antitumorigenic signal by potently repressing and attenuating tumor cell proliferation, survival, migration, and angiogenesis. This collection of interacting molecules also regulates key downstream signaling processes indirectly via the sequestration of …

Interactions Among Positions In The Third And Fourth Membrane-Associated Domains At The Intersubunit Interface Of The N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Forming Sites Of Alcohol Action, Hong Ren, Yulin Zhao, Donard S. Dwyer, Robert W. Peoples

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

The N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor is a major target of ethanol in the brain. Previous studies have identified positions in the third and fourth membrane-associated (M) domains of the NMDA receptor GluN1 and GluN2A subunits that influence alcohol sensitivity. The predicted structure of the NMDA receptor, based on that of the related GluA2 subunit, indicates a close apposition of the alcohol-sensitive positions in M3 and M4 between the two subunit types. We tested the hypothesis that these positions interact to regulate receptor kinetics and ethanol sensitivity by using dual substitution mutants. In single-substitution mutants, we found that a position …

Measurement Of The Oxidation State Of Mitochondrial Cytochrome C From The Neocortex Of The Mammalian Brain, Y. Sakata, M. Abajian, M. O. Ripple, R. Springett

Dartmouth Scholarship

Diffuse optical remission spectra from the mammalian neocortex at visible wavelengths contain spectral features originating from the mitochondria. A new algorithm is presented, based on analytically relating the first differential of the attenuation spectrum to the first differential of the chromophore spectra, that can separate and calculate the oxidation state of cytochrome c as well as the absolute concentration and saturation of hemoglobin. The algorithm is validated in phantoms and then tested on the neocortex of the rat during an anoxic challenge. Implementation of the algorithm will provide detailed information of mitochondrial oxygenation and mitochondrial function in physiological studies of …

Epoxide-Mediated Cifr Repression Of Cif Gene Expression Utilizes Two Binding Sites In Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Alicia E. Ballok, Christopher D. Bahl, Emily L. Dolben, Allia K. Lindsay, Jessica D. St. Laurent, Deborah Hogan, Dean Madden, George A. O'Toole

Dartmouth Scholarship

Pseudomonas aeruginosa secretes an epoxide hydrolase virulence factor that reduces the apical membrane expression of ABC transporters such as the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). This virulence factor, named CFTR inhibitory factor (Cif), is regulated by a TetR-family, epoxide-responsive repressor known as CifR via direct binding and repression. We identified two sites of CifR binding in the intergenic space between cifR and morB, the first gene in the operon containing the cif gene. We have mapped these binding sites and found they are 27 bp in length, and they overlap the -10 and +1 sites of both the cifR …

Secreted Semaphorin 5a Suppressed Pancreatic Tumour Burden But Increased Metastasis And Endothelial Cell Proliferation., A Sadanandam, S S. Sidhu, S Wullschleger, S Singh, M L. Varney, C-S Yang, A E. Ashour, Surinder K. Batra, Rakesh Singh

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

BACKGROUND: Our earlier reports demonstrated that membrane-bound semaphorin 5A (SEMA5A) is expressed in aggressive pancreatic cancer cells and tumours, and promotes tumour growth and metastasis. In this study, we examine whether (1) pancreatic cancer cells secrete SEMA5A and (2) that secreted SEMA5A modulates certain phenotypes associated with tumour progression, angiogenesis and metastasis through various other molecular factors and signalling proteins.

METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, we show that human pancreatic cancer cell lines secrete the extracellular domain (ECD) of SEMA5A (SEMA5A-ECD) and overexpression of mouse Sema5A-ECD in Panc1 cells (not expressing SEMA5A; Panc1-Sema5A-ECD; control cells - Panc1-control) significantly increases …

Regulation Of Lipogenesis By Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 8-Mediated Control Of Srebp-1., Xiaoping Zhao, Daorong Feng, Qun Wang, Arian Abdulla, Xiao-Jun Xie, Jie Zhou, Yan Sun, Ellen S Yang, Lu-Ping Liu, Bhavapriya Vaitheesvaran, Lauren Bridges, Irwin J Kurland, Randy Strich, Jian-Quan Ni, Chenguang Wang, Johan Ericsson, Jeffrey E Pessin, Jun-Yuan Ji, Fajun Yang

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

Altered lipid metabolism underlies several major human diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, lipid metabolism pathophysiology remains poorly understood at the molecular level. Insulin is the primary stimulator of hepatic lipogenesis through activation of the SREBP-1c transcription factor. Here we identified cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) and its regulatory partner cyclin C (CycC) as negative regulators of the lipogenic pathway in Drosophila, mammalian hepatocytes, and mouse liver. The inhibitory effect of CDK8 and CycC on de novo lipogenesis was mediated through CDK8 phosphorylation of nuclear SREBP-1c at a conserved threonine residue. Phosphorylation by CDK8 enhanced SREBP-1c ubiquitination and protein …

Gastrointestinal Cell Mediated Immunity And The Microsporidia, Magali M. Moretto, Imtiaz A. Khan, Louis M. Weiss

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Germline Transgenesis And Insertional Mutagenesis In Schistosoma Mansoni Mediated By Murine Leukemia Virus, Gabriel Rinaldi, Sabine E. Eckert, Isheng J. Tsai, Suttas Suttiprapa, Kristine J. Kines, Jose F. Tort, Victoria H. Mann, Daniel J. Turner, Matthew Berriman, Paul J. Brindley

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

Functional studies will facilitate characterization of role and essentiality of newly available genome sequences of the human schistosomes, Schistosoma mansoni, S. japonicum and S. haematobium. To develop transgenesis as a functional approach for these pathogens, we previously demonstrated that pseudotyped murine leukemia virus (MLV) can transduce schistosomes leading to chromosomal integration of reporter transgenes and short hairpin RNA cassettes. Here we investigated vertical transmission of transgenes through the developmental cycle of S. mansoni after introducing transgenes into eggs. Although MLV infection of schistosome eggs from mouse livers was efficient in terms of snail infectivity, >10-fold higher transgene copy …

Two-Compartment Tumor Metabolism: Autophagy In The Tumor Microenvironment And Oxidative Mitochondrial Metabolism (Oxphos) In Cancer Cells., Ahmed F Salem, Diana Whitaker-Menezes, Zhao Lin, Ubaldo E. Martinez-Outshoorn, Herbert B Tanowitz, Mazhar Salim Al-Zoubi, Anthony Howell, Richard Pestell, Federica Sotgia, Michael P. Lisanti

Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Faculty Papers & Presentations

Previously, we proposed a new paradigm to explain the compartment-specific role of autophagy in tumor metabolism. In this model, autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction in the tumor stroma promotes cellular catabolism, which results in the production of recycled nutrients. These chemical building blocks and high-energy "fuels" would then drive the anabolic growth of tumors, via autophagy resistance and oxidative mitochondrial metabolism in cancer cells. We have termed this new form of stromal-epithelial metabolic coupling: "two-compartment tumor metabolism." Here, we stringently tested this energy-transfer hypothesis, by genetically creating (1) constitutively autophagic fibroblasts, with mitochondrial dysfunction or (2) autophagy-resistant cancer cells, with increased …

Associations Between Toenail Arsenic Concentration And Dietary Factors In A New Hampshire Ppopulation, Joann F. Gruber, Margaret R. Karagas, Diane Gilbert-Diamond, Pamela J. Bagley, M Scot Zens, Vicki Sayarath, Tracy Punshon, J Steven Morris, Kathryn L. Cottingham

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background: Dietary factors such as folate, vitamin B12, protein, and methionine are important for the excretion of arsenic via one-carbon metabolism in undernourished populations exposed to high levels of arsenic via drinking water. However, the effects of dietary factors on toenail arsenic concentrations in well-nourished populations exposed to relatively low levels of water arsenic are unknown.

Methods: As part of a population-based case-control study of skin and bladder cancer from the USA, we evaluated relationships between consumption of dietary factors and arsenic concentrations in toenail clippings. Consumption of each dietary factor was determined from a validated food frequency questionnaire. We …

Il-4 Engagement Of The Type 1 Il-4 Receptor Complex Enhances Mouse Eosinophil Migration To Eotaxin-1 In Vitro, Nicola M. Heller, William M. Gwinn, Raymond P. Donnelly, Stephanie L. Constant, Achsah D. Keegan

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

Background

Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated that IL-4Rα expression on a myeloid cell type was responsible for enhancement of Th2-driven eosinophilic inflammation in a mouse model of allergic lung inflammation. Subsequently, we have shown that IL-4 signaling through type I IL-4 receptors on monocytes/macrophages strongly induced activation of the IRS-2 pathway and a subset of genes characteristic of alternatively activated macrophages. The direct effect(s) of IL-4 and IL-13 on mouse eosinophils are not clear. The goal of this study was determine the effect of IL-4 and IL-13 on mouse eosinophil function.

Methods

Standard Transwell chemotaxis assay was used to …

Exploring Picture Word Priming Effects In Healthy Aging Adults Using Event Related Potentials, Sasha C. Christopher

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanics with which older adults activate and access different subdomains of their mental lexicons during word retrieval for picture naming.

Method: Data were analyzed for 12 aging, native English speakers who performed a picture-word priming task. The auditory probe words were presented in the following conditions in relation to the picture stimuli: Identically related, strongly semantically related, weakly semantically related, strongly phonologically related, weakly phonologically related, semantically related to the strong phonological relative of the target picture label, or phonologically-related to the strong semantic relative of the target picture …

Characterizing The Role Of Nucleosome Remodeling Factor (Nurf) In Tumorigenesis And Metastatic Progression Using Mouse Models Of Breast Cancer., Suehyb Alkhatib

Theses and Dissertations

Increasingly the role of epigenetic machinery as a bridge between underlying DNA sequence and cellular phenotype is being discovered. The establishment of a myriad of unique cellular types sharing identical gene sequences in a multicellular organism gives a broad sense for the inherent role of epigenetic influence on cell differentiation. Importantly, the epigenetic mechanisms involved in establishing cell identity unsurprisingly contribute to diseased states, including cancer. Recent research continues to elucidate contributory roles of epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA regulation, in human cancers. Additionally, chromatin remodelers, such as the Nucleosome Remodeling Factor (NURF), have been …

Cofactor Molecules Maintain Infectious Conformation And Restrict Strain Properties In Purified Prions, Nathan R. Deleault, Daniel J. Walsh, Justin R. Piro, Fei Wang, Xinhe Wang, Jiyan Ma, Judy R. Rees, Surachai Supattapone

Dartmouth Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Differential Effects Of Interleukin-17 Receptor Signaling On Innate And Adaptive Immunity During Central Nervous System Bacterial Infection., Debbie Vidlak, Tammy Kielian

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

Although IL-17A (commonly referred to as IL-17) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disease, its role during CNS bacterial infections remains unclear. To evaluate the broader impact of IL-17 family members in the context of CNS infection, we utilized IL-17 receptor (IL-17R) knockout (KO) mice that lack the ability to respond to IL-17, IL-17F and IL-17E (IL-25). In this article, we demonstrate that IL-17R signaling regulates bacterial clearance as well as natural killer T (NKT) cell and gamma-delta (γδ) T cell infiltrates during Staphylococcus aureus-induced brain abscess formation. Specifically, when compared with wild-type (WT) …

Autophagy And Senescence In Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Metabolically Supports Tumor Growth And Metastasis Via Glycolysis And Ketone Production., Claudia Capparelli, Carmela Guido, Diana Whitaker-Menezes, Phd, Gloria Bonuccelli, Renee Balliet, Timothy G Pestell, Allison F Goldberg, Richard Pestell, Anthony Howell, Sharon Sneddon, Ruth Birbe, Aristotelis Tsirigos, Ubaldo E. Martinez-Outshoorn, Federica Sotgia, Michael P. Lisanti

Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Faculty Papers & Presentations

Senescent fibroblasts are known to promote tumor growth. However, the exact mechanism remains largely unknown. An important clue comes from recent studies linking autophagy with the onset of senescence. Thus, autophagy and senescence may be part of the same physiological process, known as the autophagy-senescence transition (AST). To test this hypothesis, human fibroblasts immortalized with telomerase (hTERT-BJ1) were stably transfected with autophagy genes (BNIP3, CTSB or ATG16L1). Their overexpression was sufficient to induce a constitutive autophagic phenotype, with features of mitophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction and a shift toward aerobic glycolysis, resulting in L-lactate and ketone body production. Autophagic fibroblasts also showed …

Ctgf Drives Autophagy, Glycolysis And Senescence In Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Via Hif1 Activation, Metabolically Promoting Tumor Growth., Claudia Capparelli, Diana Whitaker-Menezes, Carmela Guido, Renee Balliet, Timothy G Pestell, Anthony Howell, Sharon Sneddon, Richard Pestell, Ubaldo E. Martinez-Outshoorn, Michael P. Lisanti, Federica Sotgia

Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Faculty Papers & Presentations

Previous studies have demonstrated that loss of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in stromal cells drives the activation of the TGF-β signaling, with increased transcription of TGF-β target genes, such as connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). In addition, loss of stromal Cav-1 results in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer-associated fibroblasts, with the induction of autophagy and glycolysis. However, it remains unknown if activation of the TGF-β / CTGF pathway regulates the metabolism of cancer-associated fibroblasts. Therefore, we investigated whether CTGF modulates metabolism in the tumor microenvironment. For this purpose, CTGF was overexpressed in normal human fibroblasts or MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Overexpression of …

Structure, Function And Diversity Of The Healthy Human Microbiome, Curtis Huttenhower, Jacques Izard

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Studies of the human microbiome have revealed that even healthy individuals differ remarkably in the microbes that occupy habitats such as the gut, skin and vagina. Much of this diversity remains unexplained, although diet, environment, host genetics and early microbial exposure have all been implicated. Accordingly, to characterize the ecology of human-associated microbial communities, the Human Microbiome Project has analysed the largest cohort and set of distinct, clinically relevant body habitats so far. We found the diversity and abundance of each habitat’s signature microbes to vary widely even among healthy subjects, with strong niche specialization both within and among individuals. …

Unique Features And Neuronal Properties In A Multisensory Cortex, W. Alex Foxworthy

Theses and Dissertations

UNIQUE FEAUTRES OF ORGANIZATION AND NEURONAL PROPERTIES IN A MULTISENSORY CORTEX Multisensory processing is a ubiquitous sensory effect that underlies a wide variety of behaviors, such as detection and orientation, as well as perceptual phenomena from speech comprehension to binding. Such multisensory perceptual effects are presumed to be based in cortex, especially within areas known to contain multisensory neurons. However, unlike their lower-level/primary sensory cortical counterparts, little is known about the connectional, functional and laminar organization of higher-level multisensory cortex. Therefore, to examine the fundamental features of neuronal processing and organization in the multisensory cortical area of the posterior parietal …

Toward A Working Theory Of Neurorhetorics, Jeffrey L. Honnold

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This piece makes the claim that rhetoric is first philosophy--before philosophy, epistemology, ontology, or any other field--or that rhetoric is, at the least, on equal footing as these fields because:

empathy--and thusly the impulse for communication--is physiologically hardwired into humans; special distinctions between human and animal are largely artificial constructions, as is evidenced by neurosciences; "hard" science, in the form of neurosciences, is providing entrance points & opportunities for rhetoric to raise its status within the academy; and said neurosciences, in addition to empathy studies, have shown strong evidence supporting linguistic and evolutionary links between humans and other species, thereby …

Frecuencia De Leptospira Spp En Porcinos De Crianza Tecnificada Y De Traspatio Beneficiados En Dos Mataderos De Lima, Luis Anampa V., Hermelinda Rivera G., Nestor Falcon P., Mariluz Araínga, Mercy Ramirez V.

Journal Articles: Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience

The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of antibodies against Leptospira spp in pigs reared in five well-managed farms (n = 163) and from 11 backyard breeding (n = 133) owners in the valley Lima, Peru. Blood samples (n=296) were collected in two slaughterhouses for antibody detection against eight serovars of Leptospira by microaglutination test. The 85.8 ± 3.9% (254/296) of samples had antibodies against one or more serovars of Leptospira. . The 89.6 ± 4.7% (146/163) and 82.1 ± 6.5% (108/133) of samples from well-managed farms and from backyard breeding pigs showed antibodies against Leptospira spp. …

Vasa-Like Dead-Box Rna Helicases Of Schistosoma Mansoni, Danielle E. Skinner, Gabriel Rinaldi, Sutas Suttiprapa, Victoria H. Mann, Pablo Smircich, Alexis A. Cogswell, David L. Williams, Paul J. Brindley

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

Genome sequences are available for the human blood flukes, Schistosoma japonicum, S. mansoni and S. haematobium. Functional genomic approaches could aid in identifying the role and importance of these newly described schistosome genes. Transgenesis is established for functional genomics in model species, which can lead to gain- or loss-of-functions, facilitate vector-based RNA interference, and represents an effective forward genetics tool for insertional mutagenesis screens. Progress toward routine transgenesis in schistosomes might be expedited if germ cells could be reliably localized in cultured schistosomes. Vasa, a member of the ATP-dependent DEAD-box RNA helicase family, is a prototypic marker of …

Resting-State Connectivity Identifies Distinct Functional Networks In Macaque Cingulate Cortex., R Matthew Hutchison, Thilo Womelsdorf, Joseph S Gati, L Stan Leung, Ravi S Menon, Stefan Everling

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Subregions of the cingulate cortex represent prominent intersections in the structural networks of the primate brain. The relevance of the cingulate to the structure and dynamics of large-scale networks ultimately requires a link to functional connectivity. Here, we map fine-grained functional connectivity across the complete extent of the macaque (Macaca fascicularis) cingulate cortex and delineate subdivisions pertaining to distinct identifiable networks. In particular, we identified 4 primary networks representing the functional spectrum of the cingulate: somatomotor, attention-orienting, executive, and limbic. The cingulate nodes of these networks originated from separable subfields along the rostral-to-caudal axis and were characterized by positive and …