Digital Commons Network^™

Bv2trs Appraiser Model: Enforcing Bharat Version2 In Tree Soft Modelling For Appraising E-Mobility Hurdles, Mona Mohamed, Florentin Smarandache, Michael Gr. Voskoglou

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Electric vehicles (EVs) are being introduced to lessen greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, air pollution, and reliance on fossil fuels. As a result of the government's aggressive promotion of EVs and rising environmental consciousness, EVs are quickly rising to the top of the low-carbon transportation market. Several viewpoints suggested that shifting to electric vehicles has been seen as a potential way to achieve sustainable mobility. Nevertheless, many studies discussed the obstacles and hurdles that obstruct the embracing of various electric-mobility (E-mobility) as EVs and electric-scooters (E-scooters) as eco-friendly means. Herein, we discussed these hurdles and determined them through surveys for prior …

Automated Livestock Practices: Incorporation Emerging Contemporary Technologies Toward Sustainable Livestock In Era Of Smart Cities, Asmaa Elsayed, Mona Mohamed, Florentin Smarandache, Michael Gr. Voskoglou

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Currently, numerous spheres now face a wider range of needs due to the increasingly competitive and globalized global market. Moreover, digital technologies are necessary for analysis and comprehension in many sectors of contemporary society. For instance, Internet of Things (IoT) has the potential to revolutionize livestock management, including the dairy cattle industry, by providing real-time data and enabling data-driven decisions to improve animal welfare, increase productivity, and promote sustainable farming practices. The main components of IoT-enabled livestock management include sensors, communication systems, data storage, and analysis systems. These components of IoT-enabled livestock management improve animal welfare, increase productivity, and reduce …

Distinctions Between Various Types Of Fuzzy-Extension Hypersoft Sets, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

We define the universes of discourses for all fuzzy and fuzzy-extension sets. Then present many types of Plithogenic Universes of discourse and their connections to HyperSoft Sets. Afterward, we make distinctions between various hybrid forms of HyperSoft Sets.

Neutrosophical Plant Hybridization In Decision-Making Problems, M. Arockia Dasan, E. Bementa, Florentin Smarandache, X. Tubax

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Florentin Smarandache developed the neutrosophic set theory to study inconsistency, incomplete, and uncertainty information by using truth-membership, indeterminacy-membership, and falsity-membership functions. One of the main objectives of this chapter is to develop a new methodological approach of neutrosophic sets in multi-criteria decision-making problems. This method considers neutrosophic sets with their unions in the direct direction and the complements of given neutrosophic sets with their intersections are also considered in the reverse direction. Using these collections, single-valued neutrosophic score functions are computed in both directions. After this process, all the alternatives are ranked in the ascending order arrangement to find the …

Multi-Criteria Group Decision-Making With Electre-Iii Method For Selection Of Female Spouse In Pythagorean Neutrosophic Environment, Rajesh Kumar Saini, Ashik Ahirwar, Florentin Smarandache, Mukesh Kushwaha

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Selecting a female partner in the 21st century is more challenging as compared to the 20th century. The globalized world, changing societal norms, and technology have increased the pool of potential partners, making it harder to find a compatible match. The prevalence of social media and online dating has also changed how people interact, leading to new challenges in establishing genuine connections. This paper presents a novel Multiple-Criteria Group Decision Making (MCGDM) model for selecting a female spouse using the ELECTRE-III method in a Pythagorean neutrosophic environment. The proposed model takes into account multiple criteria and addresses the challenges of …

Evaluating Blockchain Cybersecurity Based On Tree Soft And Opinion Weight Criteria Method Under Uncertainty Climate, Florentin Smarandache, Mona Mohamed, Michael Gr. Voskoglou

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In the era of digital transformation (DT), many digital technologies have emerged and have had a positive impact on society. Nevertheless, because of certain issues with existing technologies, innovative technology has developed to eradicate them. Fog computing (FC) plays a vital role as an intermediate between edge layer and cloud computing (CC) to resolve limited resources and capabilities. In the same vein, blockchain technology (BCT) is responsible for resolving privacy and security issues that IoT suffers from. Due to using cryptography rules and hashing which is utilized in BCT to prevent any trickery. Hence, BC shows promise as a possible …

The Enduring Power Of Giving And Caring From Cavemen To Kind Hearts: A Neutrosophic Multi-Criteria Decision Making Approach, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Giving and caring are not just warm and fuzzy feelings; they are the bedrock of a healthy society. By understanding the neuroscience and sociology behind these behaviors, we can cultivate a world that prioritizes cooperation, compassion, and the well-being of all its members. We used the single valued neutrosophic sets (SVNSs) with the multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) method for evaluating the giving and caring impacts. We used TreeSoft to divide the problems as a tree. The SVNSs were used to overcome uncertain information in the evaluation process. The SVNSs were integrated with the DEMATEL method to compute the relationships between …

Act Chapter 29: Art And Science And Theology In Dialogue, V. Christianto, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Where does a sparkling idea come to us, so out of the blue? Divine inspiration? I want a scientific explanation... Maybe, at present, with our current level of science, we are not able to understand the paranormal, or what we think is fantastic, but in fact it is real. A reality that we cannot reach with understanding, because of our low level... Are we not perhaps relevant and do we understand the incomprehensible? Some are connected to the universe better than others, do they have extra senses? How can we “gather” ideas from “air”? How does the spark in the …

A Compact Exploration Of Turiyam Neutrosophic Competition Graphs, Takaaki Fujita, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Graph theory, a branch of mathematics, examines relationships between entities using vertices and edges. Within this field, Uncertain Graph Theory has emerged to model uncertainties in real-world networks. A notable concept in this area is the competition graph, which captures interactions by connecting vertices that “compete” for the same neighbor, represented by directed edges indicating common neighbors in a digraph. This brief paper introduces the concept of the Generalized Turiyam Neutrosophic Competition Graph and explores its relationships with other graph classes.

A Hybrid Time Series Forecasting Method Based On Neutrosophic Logic With Applications In Financial Issues, Seyyed Ahmad Edalatpanah, Farnaz Sheikh Hassani, Florentin Smarandache, Ali Sorourkhah, Dragan Pamucar, Bing Cui

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Rising market demands, economic pressures, and technological advancements have spurred researchers to seek ways to enhance business environments and scientific productivity. Predictive science, crucial in this context, has gained prominence due to the rapid progress in information technology and forecasting algorithms. Time series forecasting, widely used in fields like engineering, economics, tourism, and energy, has inherent limitations with classical statistical methods, leading researchers to explore artificial intelligence and fuzzy logic for more accurate predictions. However, despite extensive efforts to improve accuracy, challenges persist. The research introduces a model aimed at surpassing existing methods in time series forecasting accuracy. This approach …

A Reconsideration Of Advanced Concepts In Neutrosophic Graphs: Smart, Zero Divisor, Layered, Weak, Semi, And Chemical Graphs, Takaaki Fujita, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

One of the most powerful tools in graph theory is the classification of graphs into distinct classes based on shared properties or structural features. Over time, many graph classes have been introduced, each aimed at capturing specific behaviors or characteristics of a graph. Neutrosophic Set Theory, a method for handling uncertainty, extends fuzzy logic by incorporating degrees of truth, indeterminacy, and falsity. Building on this framework, Neutrosophic Graphs [9,84,135] have emerged as significant generalizations of fuzzy graphs. In this paper, we extend several classes of fuzzy graphs to Neutrosophic graphs and analyze their properties.

Breve Introducción A Los Conjuntos Y A La Lógica Neutrosófica Estándar Y No Estándar, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Se recuerdan las definiciones de Conjunto Neutrosófico de Valor Único (SVNS), Conjunto Neutrosófico de Valor Intervalo (IVNS), Conjunto Neutrosófico de Valor Subconjunto (SVNS) y, respectivamente, Conjunto Neutrosófico No Estándar [Con Valor Único ( SVNS NoS ), Con Valor Intervalo ( IVNS NoS ) y Con Valor Subconjunto ( SVNS NoS )], junto con sus operadores. De manera similar, para Conjunto Neutrosófico Estándar y No Estándar.

A Right-Brain-Based Epistemology Grounded On Local Wisdom: Intuilytics As A Culturally-Meaningful Alternative In Science, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Epistemology, the study of knowledge, has long grappled with the challenge of determining truth. While the combination of deductive and inductive reasoning has been a cornerstone of scientific inquiry, several limitations emerge in its application to contemporary epistemology. One significant issue lies within the core of falsificationism, a prominent philosophy championed by Karl Popper. Falsificationism posits that a scientific theory can only be proven false, not true. While this approach aims to prevent dogmatic adherence to untested ideas, it can lead to an endless cycle of trial and error. As Popper himself acknowledged, no single experiment can definitively prove a …

Soft Sets Extensions Used In Bioinformatics, Florentin Smarandache, Daniela Gifu

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This comprehensive review delves into the intricate realm of Soft Sets and their extensions, including HyperSoft Set, IndetermSoft Set, IndetermHyperSoft Set, and TreeSoft Set, within the context of biomedical data analysis. Soft Sets serve as a foundational framework for managing the inherent uncertainty and imprecision inherent in biological data, thereby facilitating informed decision-making and knowledge discovery. The exploration of Soft Set Products, particularly in the context of multiple soft sets, underscores their pivotal role in advancing biomedical research. By extending these concepts to HyperSoft Sets, researchers can unlock deeper insights into complex biological phenomena, enabling more accurate predictions and classification.

The Encyclopedia Of Neutrosophic Researchers, 5th Volume, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics, neutrosophic measure, neutrosophic precalculus, neutrosophic calculus and so on are gaining significant attention in solving many real life problems that involve uncertainty, impreciseness, vagueness, incompleteness, inconsistent, and indeterminacy.

In the past years the fields of neutrosophics have been extended and applied in various fields, such as: artificial intelligence, data mining, soft computing, decision making in incomplete / indeterminate / inconsistent information systems, image processing, computational modelling, robotics, medical diagnosis, biomedical engineering, investment problems, economic forecasting, social science, humanistic and practical achievements.

There are about 7,000 neutrosophic researchers, within 89 countries around the …

Neutrosophic Adaptive Lsb And Deep Learning Hybrid Framework For Ecg Signal Classification, Abdallah Rezk, Ahmed S. Sakr, H. M. Abdulkader

Applied Mathematics & Information Sciences

This paper proposes a novel hybrid framework for ECG signal classification and privacy preservation. The framework includes two phases: the first phase uses LSTM+CNN with attention gate for ECG classification, while the second phase utilizes adaptive least signal bit with neutrosophic for hiding important data during transmission. The proposed framework converts data into three sets of degrees (true, false, and intermediate) using neutrosophic and passes them to an embedding layer. In the sender part, the framework hides important data in ECG signal as true and false degrees, using the intermediate set as a shared dynamic key between sender and receiver. …

Generalization Of Renyi’S Entropy And Its Application In Source Coding, Ashiq Hussain Bhat, Niyamat Ali Siddiqui, Ismail A Mageed, Shawkat Alkhazaleh, Vidyanand Rabi Das, M. A. K Baig

Applied Mathematics & Information Sciences

In this paper, we introduce a new generalization of Renyis entropy β(P) and the most important feature of this generalized entropy Rαβ (P) is that it derives most important entropies that are well known and influence information theory and applied mathematics. Some significant properties of Rαβ (P) has been undertaken in this article. In addition, we introduce a new generalized exponentiated mean codeword length Lβα (P) in this article then determine how Rβα (P) and Lβα (P) are related in terms of source coding theorem.

(R1986) Neutrosophic Soft Contra E-Continuous Maps, Contra E-Irresolute Maps And Application Using Distance Measure, P. Revathi, K. Chitirakala, A. Vadivel

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

We introduce and investigate neutrosophic soft contra e-continuous maps and contra e-irresolute maps in neutrosophic soft topological spaces with examples. Also, neutrosophic soft contra econtinuous maps are compared with neutrosophic soft continuous maps, δ-continuous maps, δ- semi continuous maps, δ-pre continuous maps and e∗ continuous maps in neutrosophic soft topological spaces. We derive some useful results and properties related to them. An application in decision making problem using distance measure is given. An example of a candidate selection from a company interview is formulated as neutrosophic soft model problem and the hamming distance measure is applied to calculate the distance …

(R1957) Some Types Of Continuous Function Via N-Neutrosophic Crisp Topological Spaces, A. Vadivel, C. John Sundar

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The aim of this article is to introduced a new type of continuous functions such as N-neutrosophic crisp gamma continuous and weakly N-neutrosophic crisp gamma continuous functions in a N-neutrosophic crisp topological space and also discuss a relation between them in a N-neutrosophic crisp topological spaces. We also investigate some of their properties in N-neutrosophic crisp gamma continuous function via N-neutrosophic crisp topological spaces. Further, a contra part of continuity called N-neutrosophic crisp gamma-contra continuous map in a N-neutrosophic crisp topology is also initiated. Finally, an application based on neutrosophic score function of medical diagnosis is examined with graphical representation.

Bipolar Soft Ideal Rough Set With Applications In Covid-19, Heba I. Mustafa

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

Bipolar soft rough set represents an important mathematical model to deal with uncertainty. This theory represents a link between bipolar soft set and rough set theories. This study introduced the concept of topological bipolar soft set by combining a bipolar soft set with topologies. Also, the topological structure of bipolar soft rough set has been discussed by defining the bipolar soft rough topology. The main objective of this paper is to present some solutions to develop and modify the approach of the bipolar soft rough sets. Two kinds of bipolar soft ideal approximation operators which represent extensions of bipolar soft …

Novel Correlation Coefficients For Interval-Valued Fermatean Hesitant Fuzzy Sets With Pattern Recognition Application, İbrahi̇m Demi̇r

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

A combination of interval-valued Fermatean fuzzy sets with Fermatean hesitant fuzzy elements in the form of interval values is known as an interval-valued Fermatean hesitant fuzzy set. Since Fermatean hesitant fuzzy sets are effective instruments for representing more complex, ambiguous, and hazy information, interval-valued Fermatean hesitant fuzzy sets are expansions of these sets. This investigation will concentrate on four different types of correlation coefficients for Fermatean hesitant fuzzy sets and expand them to include correlation coefficients and weighted correlation coefficients for interval-valued Fermatean hesitant fuzzy sets. Finally, the numerical examples demonstrate the viability and usefulness of the suggested methodologies in …

Optimal Agricultural Land Use: An Efficient Neutrosophic Linear Programming Method, Maisam Jdid, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The increase in the size of the problems facing humans, their overlap, the division of labor, the multiplicity of departments, as well as the diversity of products and commodities, led to the complexity of business and the emergence of many administrative and production problems. It was necessary to search for appropriate methods to confront these problems. The science of operations research, with its diverse methods, provided the optimal solutions. It addresses many problems and helps in making scientific and thoughtful decisions to carry out the work in the best way within the available capabilities. Operations research is one of the …

The Encyclopedia Of Neutrosophic Researchers, Vol. 6, Florentin Smarandache, Maikel Yelandi Leyva Vázquez, Jesús Estupiñán Ricardo

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Este es el Sexto volumen de la Enciclopedia de Investigadores Neutróficos, editados a partir de materiales ofrecidos por los autores que respondieron a la invitación del editor. Los autores se enumeran alfabéticamente. La introducción contiene una breve historia de la neutrosófica, y en especial se sus impacto en latinoamérica junto con enlaces a los principales artículos y libros. Conjunto neutrosófico, lógica neutrosófica, probabilidad neutrosófica, estadística neutrosófica, medida neutrosófica, precálculo neutrosófico, cálculo neutrosófico, psicología neutrosófica, sociología neutrosófica etc., están ganando una atención significativa en resolver muchos problemas de la vida real que implican incertidumbre, imprecisión, vaguedad, incompletitud, inconsistencia e indeterminación. En …

N-Cylindrical Fuzzy Neutrosophic Topological Spaces, Sarannya Kumari R, Sunny Joseph Kalayathankal, Mathews George, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The objective of this study is to incorporate topological space into the realm of n-Cylindrical Fuzzy Neutrosophic Sets (n-CyFNS), which are the most novel type of fuzzy neutrosophic sets. In this paper, we introduce n-Cylindrical Fuzzy Neutrosophic Topological Spaces (n-CyFNTS), n-Cylindrical Fuzzy Neutrosophic (n-CyFN) open sets, and n-CyFN closed sets. We also defined the n-CyFN base, n-CyFN subbase, and some related theorems here.

Applications Of Extended Plithogenic Sets In Plithogenic Sociogram, S. Sudha, Nivetha Martin, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The theory of plithogeny developed by Smarandache is described as a more generalized form of representing sets of different nature such as crisp, fuzzy, intuitionistic and neutrosophic. Plithogenic set comprises degree of appurtenance and contradiction degree with respect only to the dominant attribute. This paper introduces extended plithogenic sets comprising degrees of appurtenance and contradiction with respect to both dominant and recessive attributes. The extension of the 5-tuple Plithogenic sets to a 7- tuple plithogenic sets helps in developing a more comprehensive kind of Plithogenic sociogram. The newly developed plithogenic sets and its implications in Plithogenic sociogram is validated by …

Medical Diagnosis Via Refined Neutrosophic Fuzzy Logic: Detection Of Illness Using Neutrosophic Sets, K. Hemabala, B. Srinivasa Kumar, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The objective of the paper is to implement and validate diagnosis in the medical field via refined neutrosophic fuzzy logic (RNFL). As such, we have proposed a Max-Min composition (MMC) method in RNFL. This method deals with the diagnosis under certain constraints like uncertainty and indeterminacy. Further, we have considered the diagnosis problems to validate the sensitivity analysis of the novel multi attribute decision-making technique. Finally, we gave the graphical representations and compared the obtained results with other existing measures in refined neutrosophic fuzzy sets.

On Refined Neutrosophic Finite P-Group, Sunday Adesina Adebisi, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The neutrosophic automorphisms of a neutrosophic groups G (I) , denoted by Aut(G (I)) is a neu-trosophic group under the usual mapping composition. It is a permutation of G (I) which is also a neutrosophic homomorphism. Moreover, suppose that X1 = X(G (I)) is the neutrosophic group of inner neutrosophic auto-morphisms of a neutrosophic group G (I) and Xn the neutrosophic group of inner neutrosophic automorphisms of Xn-1. In this paper, we show that if any neutrosophic group of the sequence G (I), X1, X2, … is the identity, then G (I) is nilpotent.

An Overview Of Plithogenic Set And Symbolic Plithogenic Algebraic Structures, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This paper is devoted to Plithogeny, Plithogenic Set, and its extensions. These concepts are branches of uncertainty and indeterminacy instruments of practical and theoretical interest. Starting with some examples, we proceed towards general structures. Then we present definitions and applications of the principal concepts derived from plithogeny, and relate them to complex problems.

New Types Of Soft Sets: Hypersoft Set, Indetermsoft Set, Indetermhypersoft Set, And Treesoft Set, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This is a review paper, where we recall the definitions together with practical applications of the Soft Set and its extensions to HyperSoft Set, IndetermSoft Set, IndetermHyperSoft Set, and TreeSoft Set.

Nidus Idearum. Scilogs, Xii: Seed & Heed, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this twelfth book of scilogs – called seed & heed –, one may find topics on Neutrosophy, Superluminal Physics, Mathematics, Information Fusion, Philosophy, or Sociology – email messages to research colleagues, or replies, notes, comments, remarks about authors, articles, or books, spontaneous ideas, and so on.