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Articles 361 - 390 of 734
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Mycoplasma Co-Infection Is Associated With Cervical Cancer Risk, Cameron Klein, Kandali Samwel, Crispin Kahesa, Julius Mwaiselage, John T. West, Charles Wood, Peter C. Angeletti
Mycoplasma Co-Infection Is Associated With Cervical Cancer Risk, Cameron Klein, Kandali Samwel, Crispin Kahesa, Julius Mwaiselage, John T. West, Charles Wood, Peter C. Angeletti
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Tanzania faces one of the highest cervical cancer burdens in the world. Recent work has suggested that the bacterial family Mycoplasmataceae is associated with higher levels of human papillomavirus (HPV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and pre-cancerous cervical lesions. Mycoplasmataceae infection in Tanzania is not well understood, especially when considering the differences between sexually transmitted species of Mycoplasmataceae. To establish the prevalence of common Mycoplasmataceae cervical infections and evaluate their relationship with risk factors for cervical cancer, 1160 Tanzanian women responded to an epidemiological questionnaire and were tested for HIV, HPV, cervical lesions, Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma spp., and Lactobacillus …
Altitudinal Distribution And Monthly Occurrence Of Butterflies In The Kihansi Gorge Forest, Tanzania, With A Checklist Of Species, Devolent Mtui, Colin Congdon, Ivan Bampton, Parson Kalenga, Haule Leonard
Altitudinal Distribution And Monthly Occurrence Of Butterflies In The Kihansi Gorge Forest, Tanzania, With A Checklist Of Species, Devolent Mtui, Colin Congdon, Ivan Bampton, Parson Kalenga, Haule Leonard
Tanzania Journal of Science
The goal of this project was to establish a checklist of butterflies occurring in Kihansi gorge to serve as baseline for monitoring of gorge ecosystem health. The key questions were what and how many species of butterflies occur in the gorge with respect to time and space. The study was conducted between October 2005 and February 2007. Butterflies were recorded twice a week, along a walking trail, using malaise traps and sweep net. The traps were located at upper (> 750 – 1100 m), mid (> 580 – 750 m) and lower (300 – 580 m) gorge. A total of …
Reintroduction Of The Kihansi Spray Toad Nectophrynoides Asperginis Back To Its Natural Habitat By Using Acclimatizing Cages, Charles A. Msuya, Nassoro Mohamed
Reintroduction Of The Kihansi Spray Toad Nectophrynoides Asperginis Back To Its Natural Habitat By Using Acclimatizing Cages, Charles A. Msuya, Nassoro Mohamed
Tanzania Journal of Science
The Kihansi Spray Toad (Nectophrynoides asperginis) is considered to be extinct in the wild. Captive breeding populations exist in Bronx and Toledo zoos in USA and in two captive breeding facilities in Tanzania. Efforts to reintroduce the species back to its natural habitat at Kihansi Gorge wetlands have become a long process. Both ex-situ and in-situ experiments have revealed promising outcomes but when the toads are freely (hard) released in the wetlands they disperse widely and detection becomes difficult. Cages for acclimatising the toads before hard release have been constructed in two of the Kihansi Gorge spray wetlands. Factors such …
Mammals Inventory Of The Kihansi River Gorge In Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania, Dennis K. Ikanda, Samuel N. Mtoka, Mustafa Hassanali, Anna Mshanga
Mammals Inventory Of The Kihansi River Gorge In Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania, Dennis K. Ikanda, Samuel N. Mtoka, Mustafa Hassanali, Anna Mshanga
Tanzania Journal of Science
The Kihansi gorge montane forest in Udzungwa Mountains forms part of the Eastern Arc Mountains (EAM) which contain some of the most biologically diverse and endemic montane ecosystems in all of Africa. The Kihansi river gorge was opened up for hydroelectric development in the late 1990s, attracting hundreds of farming communities whose activities lead to environmental degradation and hence presumed biodiversity loss in the montane forest which is not understood. Using camera traps, an inventory of mammals of the area was conducted for 24 consecutive days. About 14 mammal species were photo captured, indicating diverse assemblage of large and medium …
Morphological Diversity Of Wild Coffee (Coffea Kihansiensis) A Potential Coffee Species For Genetic Improvement, Paul M Kusolwa, Faraja Makwinja, Jackson Nashon, Mayomba Marianna, Amina Kibola
Morphological Diversity Of Wild Coffee (Coffea Kihansiensis) A Potential Coffee Species For Genetic Improvement, Paul M Kusolwa, Faraja Makwinja, Jackson Nashon, Mayomba Marianna, Amina Kibola
Tanzania Journal of Science
Coffee belongs to the genus Coffea in the Rubiaceae family, and is mostly grown in the tropical and subtropical regions. The Coffea genus comprises 103 species, of which Coffea arabica L. (Arabica coffee) and Coffea canephora P. (Robusta coffee) are the two most important commercial species. C. Arabica is a commercially important high quality coffee with low genetic diversity, while C. canephora is cultivated mostly in the northwestern region of Tanzania. Of recent, a discovered wild coffee (Coffea kihansiensis) in Tanzania may be a genetic resource for improvement of cultivated coffee. Morphological descriptors from accessions evaluated in different sites at …
Crop Pests, Control Measures And Potential Impacts In Kihansi Catchment Area, Beatrice Pallangyo, K. Mdily, C. Mkondo, A. Kibola
Crop Pests, Control Measures And Potential Impacts In Kihansi Catchment Area, Beatrice Pallangyo, K. Mdily, C. Mkondo, A. Kibola
Tanzania Journal of Science
A baseline survey which covered 349 households in Bomang’ombe and Masisiwe (Kilolo district), Kibengu and Mapanda (Mufindi district) and Chita and Chisano (Kilombero district) was conducted to identify major pests, control measures and potential impacts in Kihansi catchment area. Maize was the most predominant crop being cultivated by 55% of the total respondents in all the study districts. Pests and diseases were the major constraints to crop production, whereby cereal stem borers were the most serious pests being reported by 88.2% of respondents. Application of synthetic pesticides was the major pest control measure, being applied by 66% of the respondents. …
Understorey Bird Communities 8 And 18 Years After River Diversion In Kihansi Gorge, Udzungwa Mountains In The Eastern Arc Mountains, Tanzania, Chacha Werema, Charles A. Msuya
Understorey Bird Communities 8 And 18 Years After River Diversion In Kihansi Gorge, Udzungwa Mountains In The Eastern Arc Mountains, Tanzania, Chacha Werema, Charles A. Msuya
Tanzania Journal of Science
On the most south-western slopes of the Udzungwa Mountains in Tanzania lies Kihansi River. The river was diverted underground in 2000 to run electric turbines for electricity generation. Using mist netting, pre-diversion (in 1998 and 1999) and short term post-diversion (in 2001) effects of the river diversion on understorey birds were undertaken before and year after river diversion, respectively. Intermediate and long-term effects of river diversion on understorey birds at the same transects are non-existent. In September 2008 and August and September 2018, using mist nets, birds were surveyed at the same transects to assess whether or not there have …
Land Use–Land Cover Change And Implication To Biodiversity In Kihansi Catchment, Phillip K. Mwanukuzi
Land Use–Land Cover Change And Implication To Biodiversity In Kihansi Catchment, Phillip K. Mwanukuzi
Tanzania Journal of Science
Land cover-land use (LC-LU) change has significant impact on wetland ecosystem. This study examined the impacts of LC-LU change on spray wetland ecology at Kihansi Gorge and implications to conservation of fragile biodiversity. Remote sensing methods were used to asses land cover changes from 1990 to 2015 and to forecast change in 2035. It was revealed that forests decreased from 28,454 to 10,897 ha and woodland from 26,903 to 19,914 ha. In 1990, woody cover dominated with a total cover of 38% of the entire catchment. The cropland that included grassland and bushland with scattered crops has been on the …
Management And Population Status Of Kihansi Spray Toad Nectophrynoides Asperginis In Captive Breeding Facilities In Tanzania, Cuthbert L. Nahonyo, Ezekiel M. Goboro, Richard S. Ugomba, Emmanuel S. Nkombe, Severinus Mutagwaba, Hussein Adam, Juma I. Kimera, Person Kalenga, Wilirk Ngalason
Management And Population Status Of Kihansi Spray Toad Nectophrynoides Asperginis In Captive Breeding Facilities In Tanzania, Cuthbert L. Nahonyo, Ezekiel M. Goboro, Richard S. Ugomba, Emmanuel S. Nkombe, Severinus Mutagwaba, Hussein Adam, Juma I. Kimera, Person Kalenga, Wilirk Ngalason
Tanzania Journal of Science
Kihansi spray toad Nectophrynoides asperginis was discovered in 1996 in Kihansi gorge. The toad was declared extinct in the wild in 2009 due to habitat alteration. Before its extinction, 499 individuals were flown to the United States of America zoos in 2000 for captive breeding. In 2010, the University of Dar es Salaam, and in 2011 the Kihansi captive breeding facilities were established in Tanzania. The intention was to breed, and reintroduce the toad back to the natural environment in the gorge. The founder populations for the two facilities were sourced from the USA zoos. This study addresses captive management …
The Dynamics Of Re-Introduced Kihansi Spray Toad Nectophrynoides Asperginis And Other Amphibians In Kihansi Gorge, Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania, Wilirk Ngalason, Cuthbert L. Nahonyo, Charles A. Msuya
The Dynamics Of Re-Introduced Kihansi Spray Toad Nectophrynoides Asperginis And Other Amphibians In Kihansi Gorge, Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania, Wilirk Ngalason, Cuthbert L. Nahonyo, Charles A. Msuya
Tanzania Journal of Science
The dynamics of the reintroduced Kihansi spray toad Nectophrynoides asperginis and other amphibian species that occur in the Kihansi gorge, Udzungwa Mountains were studied. The area is a home for the endemic toad that became extinct before individuals bred in captivity were reintroduced. Previous studies on the biology of amphibians conducted in the gorge focused on a few aspects but none has dealt with the dynamics of both the reintroduced Kihansi spray toad (KST) and other amphibians. Information on species richness and the abundance of amphibian species occurring in the gorge have not been dealt with in depth. Time-constrained audio-visual …
Some Histopathological Findings In Dead Kihansi Spray Toads In Captivity, Joshua J Malago
Some Histopathological Findings In Dead Kihansi Spray Toads In Captivity, Joshua J Malago
Tanzania Journal of Science
Raising of Kihansi spray toad (KST), Nectophrynoides asperginis, in captivity is associated with disorders that can be fatal. Since diagnosis of these disorders cannot be confirmed grossly, the current study was aimed at exploring histopathological findings in dead KSTs kept under captivity in Tanzania. Dead KSTs were immediately recovered, observed for gross changes, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, processed routinely, and stained sections reviewed for histological changes. Observed infectious agents were strongyloides (25.3%), ciliates (1.7%), lungworms (0.6%), fungi (3.4%) and bacteria (5.1%) or mixed infections (9%) of these agents. Noted histopathological lesions in affected organs included infiltration of inflammatory …
Abundance And Distribution Of Afrosteles Distans An Indicator Of Food Availability For The Kihansi Spray Toad (Nectophrynoides Asperginis) In The Kihansi Gorge, Lulu T Kaaya, Rashid A Tamatamah, Timoth B Suya
Abundance And Distribution Of Afrosteles Distans An Indicator Of Food Availability For The Kihansi Spray Toad (Nectophrynoides Asperginis) In The Kihansi Gorge, Lulu T Kaaya, Rashid A Tamatamah, Timoth B Suya
Tanzania Journal of Science
Survivorship of the Kihansi Spray Toad in the wild depends on various factors such as environment, habitat, food availability, diseases and predation. This study assessed the abundance of Afrosteles distans Linnavuori 1959 as an indicator of food availability for the Kihansi Spray Toad. Samples were collected from sprinkled (A, B, C, D, E and F) and non-sprinkled (G and H) plots in the upper spray wetland in the Kihansi gorge during the dry period in 2007, 2008, 2015, 2016 and 2018. There was a significantly higher abundance of A. distans in sprinkled than non-sprinkled plots. ANOVA showed significant differences in …
Research Work And Conservation Initiatives In The Kihansi Catchment Ecosystem, Tanzania, Cl Nahonyo
Research Work And Conservation Initiatives In The Kihansi Catchment Ecosystem, Tanzania, Cl Nahonyo
Tanzania Journal of Science
Keynote Address for the Scientific Conference on Research and Conservation Initiatives in the Kihansi Catchment Ecosystem: Successes, Challenges and Way forward held at the National Carbon Monitoring Centre (NCMC), Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) on 24 – 27 July 2017.
Histopathological Diagnosis Of Diseases Affecting Amphibians Inhabiting Kihansi Gorge, Tanzania, Joshua J Malago
Histopathological Diagnosis Of Diseases Affecting Amphibians Inhabiting Kihansi Gorge, Tanzania, Joshua J Malago
Tanzania Journal of Science
Kihansi gorge is a natural habitat to Kihansi spray toad (KST), Nectophrynoides asperginis. The toad is extinct in its natural habitat partly due to diseases. Efforts to successfully re-introduce it are primed by awareness and mitigation of prevalent diseases at the gorge. This study aimed at exploring the prevalent amphibian diseases at and around Kihansi gorge. A total of 182 individuals from Petropedetes yakusini (n = 60), Nectophrynoides tornieri (n = 60) and Leptopelis uluguruensis (n = 62) species were collected, humanely sacrificed, fixed in formalin, routinely processed, sectioned, stained with haematoxylin and eosin and analysed for diseases by histopathology. …
Does The Seedling Emergence Technique Limit The Detection Of Seeds Of Miombo Species In Miombo Woodlands?, Halima M. Amir, Mkabwa L. K Manoko
Does The Seedling Emergence Technique Limit The Detection Of Seeds Of Miombo Species In Miombo Woodlands?, Halima M. Amir, Mkabwa L. K Manoko
Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
Seedling emergence technique frequently used in soil seed bank studies indicates that seeds of Miombo species are not present in the soil seed bank. Does this method limit the detection of seeds of Miombo species in the soil seed bank? This question has not been investigated systematically. The present study aims to find out whether the seedling emergency method limits the detection of seeds of Miombo species in the soil seed bank of Miombo woodlands. In the investigation, seedling emergence and extraction methods were used to estimate soil seed bank in Miombo woodlands. Data were obtained from 50 circular plots …
Radioactivity Assessment Of 40k, 238u And 232th In Surface Soil Samples Of Igbokoda, Southwest Of Nigeria, Olusegun Sowole, Kolawole A. Egunjobi
Radioactivity Assessment Of 40k, 238u And 232th In Surface Soil Samples Of Igbokoda, Southwest Of Nigeria, Olusegun Sowole, Kolawole A. Egunjobi
Tanzania Journal of Science
Natural radionuclides are found in soil and are capable of disintegrating leading to the release of ionizing radiations that can have harmful effects on individuals exposed to them most especially when exceeding the recommended global limits of radiological parameters. Assessment of activity concentrations of 40K, 238U and 232Th in surface soil samples from different locations at Igbokoda where crude oil exploration was taking place, at Ondo State in Nigeria, had been determined by gamma spectrometry using NaI (TI) detector coupled with a pre-amplifier base connected to a multiple channel analyzer (MCA) which was used to calculate the radiological indicators. 10 …
The Need Of A Structured Tilapia Breeding Program In Tanzania To Enhance Aquaculture Production: A Review, Redempta A. Kajungiro, Levinus L. Mapenzi, Christer S. Nyinondi, Anna Norman Haldén, Aviti J. Mmochi, Mwita Chacha, Matern S.P. Mtolera, Hieromin A. Lamtane, Dirk Jan De Koning
The Need Of A Structured Tilapia Breeding Program In Tanzania To Enhance Aquaculture Production: A Review, Redempta A. Kajungiro, Levinus L. Mapenzi, Christer S. Nyinondi, Anna Norman Haldén, Aviti J. Mmochi, Mwita Chacha, Matern S.P. Mtolera, Hieromin A. Lamtane, Dirk Jan De Koning
Tanzania Journal of Science
Breeding programs are crucial for boosting productivity and increase sustainability of aquaculture. Over years, Tanzania has witnessed fluctuation in its capture fisheries production from 320,900 to 375, 535 and back to 362,595 metric tonnes in the years 2000, 2005 and 2016, respectively (URT 2016). The declining trend in fish production has made fish supply in the country unstable and conversely, increased the demand for fishes to about 730,000 metric tonnes in 2017. However, the local aquaculture production has not increased accordingly. Tanzania is importing fish mainly from Asia to meet its increased demand. In 2017, a total of 2,055,721 kg …
Phytoremediation Potential Of Four Heavy Metals In Soil By Chromolaena Odorata (L.) King & Robinson At The Phytotoxicity Screening Benchmarks, Gloria O. Omoregie, Beckley Ikhajiagbe, Geoffery O. Anoliefo
Phytoremediation Potential Of Four Heavy Metals In Soil By Chromolaena Odorata (L.) King & Robinson At The Phytotoxicity Screening Benchmarks, Gloria O. Omoregie, Beckley Ikhajiagbe, Geoffery O. Anoliefo
Tanzania Journal of Science
The remediative capacity of Chromolaena odorata with respect to heavy metal induced growth-stress was investigated. This was with a view to providing information on the adaptive mechanisms adopted by the test plant during the phytoremediation of selected heavy metals such as copper, manganese, zinc and cadmium. Stems of C. odorata were planted in soils polluted with Mn, Zn, Cd, and Cu at the ecological screening benchmark (ESB) of 50 mg/kg (Mn and Zn), 4 mg/kg (Cd) and 100 mg/kg (Cu) of metal per kilogram of soil, in varying concentrations of 0 ESB (control), 1 ESB, 3 ESB and 5 ESB. …
Characterization And Domestication Of Wild Edible Mushrooms From Selected Indigenous Forests In Burundi, Vincent Nteziryayo, Donatha D. Tibuhwa, Prosper Kiyuku, Tatien Masharabu
Characterization And Domestication Of Wild Edible Mushrooms From Selected Indigenous Forests In Burundi, Vincent Nteziryayo, Donatha D. Tibuhwa, Prosper Kiyuku, Tatien Masharabu
Tanzania Journal of Science
In Burundi, minimum work has been done to comprehensively identify and commercialize high yielding local mushrooms. The previous studies carried out on mushroom cultivation have focused on exotic strains. This is the first study undertaken on domestication of wild edible mushrooms from Burundi indigenous forests. Nine samples were collected from four protected areas and characterized using phenotypic and molecular markers. Germoplasm isolation through tissue culture techniques, spawn production and cultivation studies were also undertaken. Mushroom samples were identified as Pleurotus citrinopileatus, Lentinus squarrosulus, Hypholoma fasciculare, Laetiporus sulfureus, Macrolepiota dolichaula, Trametes polyzona, Amanita zambiana, Lactarius delicious and Amanita verna. Spawn production …
Antimicrobial Activities Of Endophytic Fungi Secondary Metabolites From Moringa Oleifera (Lam), Zuhura N. Mwanga, Esther F. Mvungi, Donatha D Tibuhwa
Antimicrobial Activities Of Endophytic Fungi Secondary Metabolites From Moringa Oleifera (Lam), Zuhura N. Mwanga, Esther F. Mvungi, Donatha D Tibuhwa
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study presents the antimicrobial activities of secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi isolated from a medicinal plant Moringa oleifera growing at the University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Two endophytic fungi were identified, Nigrospora sp. from leaves, and Fusarium sp. from roots and seeds. The disc method was used in testing the antimicrobial activities of the crude extracts of endophytic fungi secondary metabolites against four human pathogens, namely, Bacillus substilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. The results revealed that the crude extracts of endophytes secondary metabolites from leaves showed strong antimicrobial activities against two Gram positive bacteria and …
Modelling And Analysis Of A Holling Type Ii Stage Structured Predator-Prey System In The Presence Of Harvesting, Jacob Lyimo, Nyimvua Shaban, Eunice Mureithi, Thadei Sagamiko
Modelling And Analysis Of A Holling Type Ii Stage Structured Predator-Prey System In The Presence Of Harvesting, Jacob Lyimo, Nyimvua Shaban, Eunice Mureithi, Thadei Sagamiko
Tanzania Journal of Science
The effect of harvesting and predation on a Holling type II stage-structured predator-prey system with assumption that harvesting and predation happen only to mature preys was investigated. Stability of interior point was analysed using Routh Hurwith Criterion. Numerical simulations were carried out. The results show that harvesting and predation have strong negative impacts on population dynamics of stage structured predator-prey system.
Effects Of Seasons And Zonation On Biochemical Contents Of Two Seagrass Species Along Dar Es Salaam Coast, Tanzania, Wamwi M. Mbaga, Esther F. Mvungi
Effects Of Seasons And Zonation On Biochemical Contents Of Two Seagrass Species Along Dar Es Salaam Coast, Tanzania, Wamwi M. Mbaga, Esther F. Mvungi
Tanzania Journal of Science
Accumulation and allocation of biochemicals in plants are affected by various factors. The influence of seasons and vertical zonation on biochemical contents of seagrasses Cymodocea rotundata and Thalassia hemprichii from Mjimwema seagrass meadow along the coast of Dar es Salaam were assessed. Samples were collected in 2016 during wet/rainy (April–May) and dry (June–July) seasons. Concentrations of crude protein, soluble carbohydrates, phosphorus, lipid, and proline were determined using standard methods. Significant higher levels of phosphorus, lipid, protein and proline were observed during the dry season than in wet season (p < 0.05). Likewise, seagrass population occurring at the shore zone expressed higher levels of biochemical contents than those found at the subtidal zones. The highest concentration of protein was recorded in Thalassia hemprichii (5.8 mg/g dw)), while those of lipid and carbohydrates (27.1 and 53.1 mg/g dw, respectively) were recorded in Cymodocea rotundata. The two species studied did not vary significantly in their biochemical concentrations in both seasons. Generally it was observed that the concentrations of studied biochemicals were up-regulated during the dry season and varied depending on the locations where the seagrass grow. Thus, both season and zonation played roles in biochemical accumulation in the seagrasses understudy, however not interactively.
Climate Change Increasing Threats On Non-Conserved Mangroves Forests Of Micheweni, Zanzibar–Tanzania, Haji M. Hamad, Islam S.S. Mchenga, Mariam I. Hamisi
Climate Change Increasing Threats On Non-Conserved Mangroves Forests Of Micheweni, Zanzibar–Tanzania, Haji M. Hamad, Islam S.S. Mchenga, Mariam I. Hamisi
Tanzania Journal of Science
Overutilization of mangroves has been reported as the factor for mangrove declining across the globe. However, currently, the global climate change has been claimed to pose significant threats to the survival of mangroves. This study analysed the impacts of climatic variability (sea level rise, temperature and precipitation) to the mangroves of Micheweni (non reserve) and Ngezi-Vumawimbi (nature forest reserve). Multi-disciplinary approach was employed to collect information on community perceptions. Secondary time series data of up to 30 years for temperature, rainfall and sea level rise were collected and analysed. Inquiry results on how local communities perceived climate change showed that …
Mixed Mode Device-To-Device Communication Scheme For Congestion Reduction And Channel Usage Optimization In 5g Cellular Networks, Chiza M. Christophe, Omar F. Hamad, Libe V. Massawe, Abdi T. Abdalla
Mixed Mode Device-To-Device Communication Scheme For Congestion Reduction And Channel Usage Optimization In 5g Cellular Networks, Chiza M. Christophe, Omar F. Hamad, Libe V. Massawe, Abdi T. Abdalla
Tanzania Journal of Science
Device-to-Device (D2D) communication schemes have gained more attention in cellular networks particularly in normalization process of the upcoming 5G networks. They have been investigated in core network offloading, congestion reduction and channel usage optimization. The two last cases are among the major constraints in current cellular networks and are the main concerns of this paper. The paper presents a mixed mode D2D communication scheme to decentralize data collection between devices and the base station in order to reduce the number of direct connections at the base station of ultra-dense cells characterized by different levels of channel utilizations or target data …
Assessment Of Tree Species Richness, Diversity, Population Structure And Natural Regeneration In Nongeni Forest Reserve In Morogoro Region, Tanzania, David Sylvester Kacholi
Assessment Of Tree Species Richness, Diversity, Population Structure And Natural Regeneration In Nongeni Forest Reserve In Morogoro Region, Tanzania, David Sylvester Kacholi
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study examined tree species richness, diversity, population structure and regeneration in Nongeni forest reserve, Morogoro, Tanzania. The study deployed plot sampling technique whereby a total of 20 plots of 0.05 ha each were randomly established in the forest. All species and individuals encountered in each plot were counted, identified and DBH measured. A total of 751 individuals/ha representing 24 species belonging to 11 families were recorded. Family Fabaceae was dominant with 9 species. The Shannon-Wiener, Margalef, Simpson’s and Pielou J index were calculated as 2.667, 3.474, 10.58 and 0.839, respectively. The Diplorhynchus condylocarpon (52.18) was the dominant species in …
Preliminary Palynology Of The Karoo Equivalent Tanga Beds, Coastal Tanzania: Insights On Preservation, Age And Depositional Environments, Stephen Peter Magohe
Preliminary Palynology Of The Karoo Equivalent Tanga Beds, Coastal Tanzania: Insights On Preservation, Age And Depositional Environments, Stephen Peter Magohe
Tanzania Journal of Science
The major challenge to the current understanding of the stratigraphy of the Tanga Basin is scarcity of biostratigraphy age-control data. A number of palynomorphs retrieved from core samples of the Tanga Beds and analysed for palynology are here presented. These include bisaccate pollen grains belonging to the Alisporites-Falcisporites complex, making about 55% average of the total assemblage. The rest of the assemblage comprises other palynomorphs (pollen and spores) and phytoclasts. The miospores documented from the studied samples have poor to fairly good preservation; the organic residues (non-pollen palynomorphs) are excellently preserved. Based on palynologic evidences, and the presence of fossil …
An Investigation Of The Potentials Of 2-[(2-Hydroxyphenyl) Methylidene] Hydrazine-1-Carbothioamide And Its Mn(Ii) And Zn(Ii) Complexes As Antimicrobial Agents, Umar Sani, Musbahu Yahaya, Dailami S. Adam
An Investigation Of The Potentials Of 2-[(2-Hydroxyphenyl) Methylidene] Hydrazine-1-Carbothioamide And Its Mn(Ii) And Zn(Ii) Complexes As Antimicrobial Agents, Umar Sani, Musbahu Yahaya, Dailami S. Adam
Tanzania Journal of Science
Antibiotic resistance as a result of misuse, overuse or abuse of drugs is an issue of serious concern world over. The quest for more active and robust antimicrobial agents remains a scientific challenge and requires multimillion-dollar investment in the area of drug design and development. Here in, we report the synthesis and characterisation of a tridentate thiosemicarbazone (2-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]hydrazine-1-carbothioamide) (HL) from salicylaldehyde and thiosemicarbazide. Its complexes with Mn(II) and Zn(II) were prepared following similar technique and characterised by melting point, FT-IR, UV –visible spectrophotometry, and elemental analysis. The Mn(II) complex showed paramagnetism with a magnetic moment value of 5.80 BM while …
Synthesis Of Semiochemicals And Related Fine Chemicals From Cashew Nut Shell Liquid, Godfrey Pius, Quintino A Mgani
Synthesis Of Semiochemicals And Related Fine Chemicals From Cashew Nut Shell Liquid, Godfrey Pius, Quintino A Mgani
Tanzania Journal of Science
This paper reports on syntheses of 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde (1) and tetradecanal (2) from the same renewable starting material (cashew nut shell liquid or CNSL), thus demonstrating the potential of the agro-waste cashew nut shells (CNS) as a source of valuable fine and industrial chemicals. The strategy employed in accomplishing the synthesis started with extraction of CNSL followed by isolation of anacardic acid (4) and decarboxylation to give cardanol (5). Compound 5 was hydrogenated followed by protection of phenolic group to give 3-pentadecylphenyl acetate (7). Benzylic oxidation of compound 7 followed by reduction and dehydration resulted into formation of 3-(pentadec-1-en-1-yl)phenol (9). Ozonolysis …
Generation Of Highly Ordered 3d Vivid Monochromatic Coloured Photonic Crystal Films Using Evaporative Induced Technique, Ikhazuagbe H. Ifijen, Esther U. Ikhuoria
Generation Of Highly Ordered 3d Vivid Monochromatic Coloured Photonic Crystal Films Using Evaporative Induced Technique, Ikhazuagbe H. Ifijen, Esther U. Ikhuoria
Tanzania Journal of Science
Structural coloured crystal films have attracted immense attention because of numerous applications like optical sensing, anti-counterfeiting and photonic fabrics. Herein, we successfully generated highly periodic three-dimensional (3D) monochromatic structural crystal films with brown, turquoise, blue and yellow colourations from as-synthesized poly(styrene-methyl methacrylate-acrylic acid) or P(St-MMA-AA) colloidal latex via the evaporative induced self-assembly technique. The colours were controlled through the modulation of their crystal lattice by varying their microspheres diameter from 180 nm, 120 nm, and 260 nm to 150 nm. Scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope (SEM/AFM) analyses showed that the photonic crystal particles readily assembled into an impeccable …
The Vezo Communities And Fisheries Of The Coral Reef Ecosystem In The Bay Of Ranobe, Madagascar, Shane Abeare
The Vezo Communities And Fisheries Of The Coral Reef Ecosystem In The Bay Of Ranobe, Madagascar, Shane Abeare
LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations
Madagascar, a country whose extraordinary levels of endemism and biodiversity are celebrated globally by scientists and laymen alike, yet historically has received surprisingly little research attention, is the setting of the present dissertation. Here, I contribute to the need for applied research by: 1) focusing on the most intensely fished section of the Toliara Barrier Reef, the Bay of Ranobe; 2) characterizing the marine environment, the human population, and the fisheries; and 3) collecting the longest known time-series of data on fisheries of Madagascar, thereby providing a useful baseline for future analyses. In Chapter 1, the bathymetry of the Bay …