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Fetal Alcohol Effects: A Review Of The Current Literature And A Proposed Study Of The Possible Additive Effects Of Marihuana And Alcohol On The Fetus, Shirley Lange Kamp

Masters Theses

The purpose of this paper was to review the current state of knowledge regarding the effects of alcohol ingestion during pregnancy, to determine the specific issues that remain under speculation, and to develop a theoretical research design which might aid in determining the role, if any, of marihuana in compounding fetal alcohol effects.

The literature reviewed indicated that alcohol creates a continuum of fetal effects from mild abnormalities to the full fetal alcohol syndrome; current marihuana studies suggest possible adverse effects on the fetus. The research model was based on this evidence, the well documented usage of both drugs by …

Beyond Conspecifics: Is Brer Rabbit Our Brother?, Gordon Burghardt, Harold Herzog

Experimentation Collection

Today, on many fronts, there is renewed interest in our relationship with nonhuman animals. Many factors have contributed to this concern. Environmental and ecological awareness has drawn public attention to the near extermination of many species and the detrimental effects of pollution, pesticides, and habitat destruction. The inefficiency of transmuting vegetable protein to meat has added to the traditional moral arguments of vegetarians. The widespread questioning of government support for basic research has been intertwined with suspicions about the use and worth of any studies on animals, even those purporting to help understand human medical and behavioral problems. New evidence …

Ethology And Laboratory Animal Welfare, James A. Cohen

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

No abstract provided.

Stress: What Is It And How Can It Be Quantified?, T. H. Friend

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

An animal may be considered to be in a state of stress if abnormal behavior or extreme adjustments in its behavior or physiology are necessary in order to cope with adverse aspects of its environment. Methods used to determine if an animal is stressed can be either behavioral or physiological. Behavioral methods may be highly erroneous due to their subjective nature since alterations in behavior do not necessarily prove that an animal is stressed. There is no single measure of stress that can be used in all situations at this time. Every measure must be critically evaluated to ensure that …

The Psychological Relations Hip Between Dairy Cows And Dairy Cowmen And Its Implications For Animal Welfare, Martin F. Seabrook

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Stress On Livestock And Meat Quality Prior To And During Slaughter, Temple Grandin

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

The effects of stress on cattle, pigs and sheep prior to slaughter are reviewed. Long-term preslaughter stress, such as fighting, cold weather, fasting and transit, which occurs 12 to 48 hours prior to slaughter depletes muscle glycogen, resulting in meat which has a higher pH, darker color, and is drier. Short-term acute stress, such as excitement or fighting immediately prior to slaughter, produced lactic acid from the breakdown of glycogen. This results in meat which has a lower pH, lighter color, reduced water binding capacity, and is possibly tougher. Psychological stressors, such as excitement and fighting, will often have a …

The Effects Of Three Stretching Techniques On Flexibility, Mark Edward Wortman

Student Work

According to deVries (11), flexibility is defined as the range of possible movement in a joint or series of joints. The assessment of flexibility is a concern for both physical education and. the medical professions·. Apparently, an adequate amount of flexibility is essential for rehabilitation from injury,.prevention of injury and superior athletic performance (2, 8, 11, 14, 15, 16, 19, 21, 25, 31, 37, 43, 45). Presently, three stretching techniques are available: 1) static or slow sustained; 2) ballistic or bounce; 3) pro­-prioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF). However, there appears to be no uniform agreement as to the best technique for …

Analysis Of The Potentials And Topographical Relations Between The Olfactory Bulb And Prepyriform Cortex, William S. Seibly

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Olfactory bulb efferents sweep caudally over the prepyriform cortex in a broad fiber sheet called the lateral olfactory tract (LOT). The LOT begins as a compact sheet of fibers in the olfactory peduncle and narrows to a bundle caudally. It is the primary axonal pathway between the olfactory bulb and the cortex. The shape and cross-sectional area of the LOT was measured from histologic sections. The cross-sectional area diminishes to about half from rostral to caudal measurements. An array of 58 electrodes spaced at intervals of 1 mm was constructed to conform to the curvilinear surface and geometry of the …

Comparison Of Three Mass Media For Communicating Forestry Information For Young People, Ross Lee Tomlin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A comparison of three mass media ( TV, radio and newspaper) was made to find which would be more effective at communicating forestry information to young people. The field study was conducted at Nacogdoches, Lufkin, and Kilgore High Schools in East Texas. Questionnaires given to students before and after exposure to six media spots tested forestry knowledge and attitudes. One spot in each medium presented a hardsell threat approach, the other a softsell-humorous approach. A final questionnaire measured student preferences of the media. Analysis of data indicated newspaper and TV to be the most effective media, with radio less effective. …

A Review Of The Behavioural Mechanism Of Milk Ejection Of The Domestic Pig, David Fraser

Feeding Behavior Collection

The domestic pig has complex nursing and suckling behaviour, consisting of several distinct phases of suckling by the piglets and a characteristic pattern of grunting by the sow. A review of observations and experimental findings suggests cause-and-effect relationships between the different elements of sow and piglet behaviour, and the relationship of the behaviour to milk ejection. Characteristic features of pig nursing and suckling behaviour are interpreted as an adaptation promoting even distribution of milk among a number of precocious litter-mates.

Meetings And Announcements

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

1. Meeting Report - Animals in Research
2. Announcement - Abstract exchange
3. New APHIS administrator
4. Newsletter on the Human-Companion Animal Bond
5. Veterinarians for Animal Protection
6. New editor for Equine Study Group
7. Bibliography of Animal Ethology

Definition Of The Concept Of ''Humane Treatment" In Relation To Food And Laboratory Animals, Bernard E. Rollin

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

The very title of this talk makes a suggestion which must be forestalled, namely the idea that laboratory and food animals enjoy some exceptional moral status by virtue of the fact that we use them. In fact, it is extremely difficult to find any morally relevant grounds for distinguishing between food and laboratory animals and other animals and, far more dramatically, between animals and humans. The same conditions which require that we apply moral categories to humans rationally require that we apply them to animals as well. While it is obviously pragmatically impossible in our current sociocultural setting to expect …

Nsmr: Its Image, Direction And Future, J. Russell Lindsey

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

The following speech was presented by Dr. Lindsey, Chairman of the University of Alabama Department of Comparative Medicine, at the Annual Board Meeting of the National Society for Medical Research (NSMR), Chicago, Illinois, November 10, 1979.

High Resolution Two-Dimensional Electrophoretic Study Of Human Seminal Plasma Proteins, Edward E. Gaunt

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

A comprehensive biochemical screening procedure for the evaluation of seminal plasma constituents is needed which, when used in conjunction with semen analysis, can provide the physician with both qualitative and quantitative information regarding the fertility status of an individual.

High resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis is a technique whereby proteins in a complex mixture such as a biological fluid are separated in one dimension by molecular charge and in the second dimension by molecular mass. It has been the purpose of this investigation to adapt and evaluate this technique for the analysis of human seminal plasma.

Our efforts have shown that this …

The Effect Of Blood Infusion Upon Perceived Exertion, Mary Aubert Lindhjem

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of packed RBC infusion upon ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), Three types of RPE were measured: 1) local muscular RFE, 2) cardiopulmonary RPE, and J) general RFE, The subjects, 16 experienced long distance male runners, undertook four treadmill runs to exhaustion, Subjects were matched according to time to exhaustion (ET) on the first trial (T1), and assigned to either an experimental (E) or control (C) group, Both groups had 46o ml blood withdrawn following Tl, T2 served as a baseline test and was administered about two weeks following blood withdrawal, …

Application Of A Kraft Mill Mathematical Model Of A Pdp-11, Deborah A. Larsen

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The need to estimate the effects of a design or operating change in kraft pulping and recovery processes has resulted in the development of a working mathematical model. This model is a series of equations which evaluate significant chemical flows and losses, cooking rates and process economics. Through careful application to a PDP-11 computer system, this model is available for economic evaluation of process changes to improve pulp quality. The information necessary to start up, run and understand the data is covered along with discussion of the history of the development of mathematical modelling.

Wilderness Recreation Experiences: The Rawah Case, Perry J. Brown, Glenn E. Haas

Forest Management Faculty Publications

This research focused on defining wilderness recreation experiences in terms of the psychological outcomes sought by the recreational users of the Rawah Wilderness in Colorado. Information on the outcomes was used to type users so that groups seeking different experiences could be identified. From a sample of 264 people, there were five types of wilderness recreation experiences identified. Use of information on the psychological outcomes sought by recreationists and on the types of recreationists pursuing specific activity and experience opportunities is discussed. Such information would aid in the development of more specific, quantifiable, and evaluative management objectives; could provide a …

The Effect Of Informed Consent Procedures On Sensory Panel Studies, Roxanne E. Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Through telephone conversations with directors of 25 randomly selected sensory panels, it was established that the informed consent procedures of no-risk sensory panels vary greatly. The concern about biases of panelists' judgements, resulting from information given as part of the informed consent procedures, has been given as the reason for modifying or ignoring federally defined informed consent procedures. A series of three in-house and two separate consumer sensory panels were designed to test whether the ratings of altered flavor, altered viscosity, and unaltered milk could be affected by informed consent form usage. Two separate test situations included informed consent forms …

Accumulation Of Formaldehyde And Its Relation To Postmortem Aging Of Non-Gadoid Fish Species, Mohamad A. Al-Kanhal

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Three non-gadoid fish species, trout (Cynoscion regalis), English sole (Paraophyrys vetulus) and Pacific red snapper (Scomber japonicus) have been tested for the recovery of trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), trimethylamine (TMA), dimethylamine (DMA), and formaldehyde (FA) during postmortem storage at 4°C and -5°C. TMAO, TMA, and DMA content was determined by measuring them as the salt derivative of picric acid. FA was determined by using the 3-Methyl-2-Benzothiazolinone hydrazone test.

In muscle tissue of red snapper and English sole, it was clear that initially TMAO decreased during storage at 4°C, while the amounts of TMA, DMA, and …

Abstracts Of Papers, 92nd Session, Iowa Academy Of Science, April 18-19, 1980, Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

Presentation abstracts from the annual meeting of the Iowa Academy of Science

The Annual Meeting Of The Iowa Academy Of Science April 18-19, 1980 [Program, 92nd Meeting], Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

No abstract provided.

Bruises And Carcass Damage, Temple Grandin

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

Bruising and carcass damage is a major source of financial loss to slaughterhouses in the United States, approximately $46 million per annum. The absence of easily administered tests to determine where and/or when bruising occurs results in the slaughter plant absorbing carcass damage costs. Rough, abusive handling of livestock accounts for over half of all bruising. Injuries occur through overuse of persuaders, careless transport methods, and faulty equipment. Other elements relevant to carcass loss include branding cattle, abscesses, spreader and crippling injuries, sickness and death during extreme weather conditions, and carcass shrink. The 1979 regulations under the Humane Methods of …

Systematic Treatment Of Chronic Pain With Antidepressants, Dietrich Blumer, Mary Heilbronn, Edgard Pedraza, Gerald Pope

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Patients with chronic pain who do not have significant physical symptoms present a characteristic clinical-psychological profile and show a high incidence of depressive traits (inactivity, depressive mood, anhedonia, and insomnia). This syndrome is termed pain-prone disorder and represents a form of masked depression par excellence. A series of 129 patients with pain of 6.9 years' duration was divided into three treatment groups. Two psychiatrists prescribed antidepressants systematically by promptly increasing doses and by alternating antidepressants if indicated. Significant improvement or freedom from pain was achieved in most patients who complied with treatment.

The third psychiatrist did not follow the systematic …

Birdman: [Dr. Peter Marler], Fulvio Bardossi, Judith N. Schwartz

Rockefeller University Research Profiles

Rockefeller University Research Profiles are a series of scientific profiles that were published quarterly, from 1980-1990, by the Rockefeller University. Each issue features the research and achievements of an individual Rockefeller University scientist.

Youth Sports In England, Shirley H. M. Reekie

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Nsmr: Its Image, Direction And Future, J. Russell Lindsey

Experimentation Collection

The point I wish to emphasize is that NSMR, like all of its predecessors representing the scientific community, has consistently maintained a defensive posture while claiming that a// practices of animal use and care within the biomedical community have been "lily white." In my judgment, this has been a major tactical error because abuses of freedoms to use animals in research too frequently have been and continue to be common knowledge (e.g., Science, Editorial, 1976). NSMR's complete unwillingness to face up to these realities and torespond positively to the public's legitimate concerns has led to the inevitable loss of credibility …

Amputation Of Vibrissae In Show Dogs, Thomas E. Mcgill

Veterinary Science and Medicine Collection

Dogs of many different breeds competing in the show-ring are routinely subjected to amputation of the vibrissae, organs that are commonly and incorrectly called "whiskers." This procedure is thought to give the animal's head a cleaner look, which in turn supposedly increases its chances of winning. There are several tricks involved in "whisker trimming" since the animals can retract each vibrissae at least one-quarter inch. Furthermore, they often object strenuously to the operation.

Stress: What Is It And How Can It Be Quantified?, T. H. Friend

Sentience Collection

An animal may be considered to be in a state of stress if abnormal behavior or extreme adjustments in its behavior or physiology are necessary in order to cope with adverse aspects of its environment. Methods used to determine if an animal is stressed can be either behavioral or physiological. Behavioral methods may be highly erroneous due to their subjective nature since alterations in behavior do not necessarily prove that an animal is stressed. There is no single measure of stress that can be used in all situations at this time. Every measure must be critically evaluated to ensure that …

Pain-Infliction In Animal Research, Dorothy Tennov

Experimentation Collection

A summary of research outlining the main sources of pain and stress to animals in laboratories provides the background for the results of a survey conducted by the author on how students feel about experimentation involving animals. The psychological aspects of student reaction to animal experimentation are examined. The conclusion outlines specific recommendations on ways to minimize pain and discomfort of laboratory animals.

Animals In Education: The Use Of Animals In High School Biology Classes And Science Fairs, Heather Mcgiffin, Nancie Brownley

ANIMALS IN EDUCATION is the proceedings of the conference, "The Use of Animals in High School Biology Classes and Science Fairs," held September 27-28, 1979 in Washington, D.C. which was sponsored by The Institute for the Study of Animal Problems, 2100 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. in connection with The Myrin Institute for Adult Education, 521 Park Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10021.