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Agricultural Experiment Station News May 1984

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
FACULTY PROMOTIONS
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
IANR FIELD DAYS
PROJECT ACCOMPLISHMENTS
NEW OR REVISED PROJECTS
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH ADVISORY COUNCIL
WIDAMAN TRUST AWARDS
DEADLINES WORTH NOTING
PATENT RIGHTS FROM UNIVERSITY RESEARCH
FACULTY EXCHANGE PROGRAMS
RESEARCH GRANTS AND CONTRACTS RECEIVED APRIL 1984

Resource Acquisition In The Presence Of A Novel Stimulus By Coyotes Of Different Social Rank, Warren E. Johnson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study investigated the acquisition of food by hand-reared coyotes, Canis latrans, of different social rank in a familiar area with and without novel objects (safe and potentially unsafe conditions). The first objective was to test the hypothesis that dominant animals are more hesitant than subordinates in approaching food in the presence of a novel stimulus. The results were that dominant pups usually were the first to feed in the absence of novel stimulus, and subordinate pups were the first to feed when novel objects were present. The second objective was to see if the behavior of subordinates in …

Program Abstracts, 96th Session, Iowa Academy Of Science, April 27-28 1984, Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

Presentation abstracts from the annual meeting of the Iowa Academy of Science

The Annual Meeting Of The Iowa Academy Of Science April 27-28, 1984 [Program, 96th Meeting], Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

No abstract provided.

Messengers To The Brain: [Dr. Bruce Mcewen], Fulvio Bardossi, Judith N. Schwartz

Rockefeller University Research Profiles

Rockefeller University Research Profiles are a series of scientific profiles that were published quarterly, from 1980-1990, by the Rockefeller University. Each issue features the research and achievements of an individual Rockefeller University scientist.

Social Play Behavior, Marc Bekoff

Ethology Collection

Recent studies clearly indicate that animal play is an important behavioral phenotype, and that detailed analyses of the phenomenon are useful for furthering our understanding of the evolution of social behavior and the interaction of phylogeny, ecology, and behavioral development. This article is concerned mainly with evolutionary, ecological, and developmental aspects of social play behavior in mammals.

The Gamut: A Journal Of Ideas And Information, No. 12, Spring/Summer 1984, Cleveland State University

The Gamut Archives

CONTENTS OF ISSUE NO. 12, SPRING/SUMMER,1984

Kenneth A. Torgerson: Jury or Judge, 2

The problems of trial by one's peers.

Robert Creeley: Conversation, 20

Interview reveals a poet's concerns about teaching, money, readings, publishing.

Carsten Ahrens: Ottawa County's Very Special Daisy, 33

Rare botanical species of Sandusky area.

George C. Chang: Progress and Promise of Electric Vehicles, 35

Will the future of transportation be battery-powered?

Marvin H. Jones: Peculiar Portraits, 48

Ingrid Komar: Making Utopia Work, 50

The joys and travails of an "intentional" community.

David B. Guralnik: Word Watch: Productive Suffixes II, …

Book Review Forum On Derek Freeman's Margaret Mead And Samoa: The Making And Unmaking Of An Anthropological Myth, Fay Ala‘Ilima, Tuaopepe Felix S. Wendt, Nancy Mcdowell

Pacific Studies

No abstract provided.

1984 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University

Little International "Little I" Agricultural Exposition Catalogs

No abstract provided.

The Current Controversies In Surgical Management Of Early Breast Cancer, Angelos A. Kambouris

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Animal Boredom: Is A Scientific Study Of The Subjective Experiences Of Animals Possible?, Françoise Wemelsfelder

Sentience Collection

The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between different meta-scientific frameworks and the science of animal welfare. Animal Boredom 117 During the past few years, I have become more and more convinced that the great difficulty science has in studying subjective experience in its objects, might be related to the denial of any role to subjective experience in the observer as an interpretational guide. Can a quality in the world around us be observed, when this same quality is deliberately excluded from the process of observing?

As a practical example for the discussion described above, the phenomenon …

The Origins Of Empathy And Altruism, Carolyn Zahn-Waxler, Barbara Hollenbeck, Marian Radke-Yarrow

Human and Animal Bonding Collection

We will describe theories and research that try to explain the development, especially in children, of sensitivity to the needs of others. Are children born with empathy? Is it instinctive or learned? What kinds of changes do humane feelings and behaviors undergo as children develop? How do the environments in which children are reared determine whether they will be more or less likely to show concern and to assume responsibility for the welfare of others? We have examined these issues in a series of studies of (a) the early origins of emotional concern (empathy) and (b) the translation of concerned …

The Question Of Animal Awareness, Francoise Wemelsfelder

Sentience Collection

The problem of animal awareness lies at the interface of science and philosophy. As a starting point for the study of phenomena such as awareness, mind, consciousness, etc., we hardly have any reference other than our own human experience and in the context of a nondualistic ontology this can be justified. In philosophy and psychology it appears to be very difficult to give direct operational definitions of terms such as consciousness, etc. So we might expect this to be even more difficult in the study of animals. A detailed knowledge of animals and their behaviour is necessary in order to …

Aquatic Feeding By Moose: Selection Of Plant Species And Feeding Areas In Relation To Plant Chemical Composition And Characteristics Of Lakes, D. Fraser, E R. Chavez, J. E. Paleheimo

Feeding Behavior Collection

Aquatic feeding by moose was studied with emphasis on (i) the chemical composition of aquatic plants compared with terrestrial browse, (ii) the chemical composition of preferred and unpreferred aquatic plant species and (iii) characteristics of preferred feeding areas. Compared with woody browse, aquatic plants had much higher levels of sodium and iron, and similar levels of other nutrients tested. In a "cafeteria" selection experiment, moose consistently ate seven species of aquatic plants (preferred plants), consistently rejected five species (unpreferred plants), and gave an intermediate response to seven species. Preferred species had significantly higher sodium content. Those in the intermediate class …

Advances In Animal Welfare Science 1984/85, M. W. Fox, L. D. Mickley

eBooks

This book, the first in an annual series, written by academicians--scientists, philosopher and other--is not intended exclusively for animal welfarists and conservationists. Since it is written by scholars, it will appeal to a wide range of academic and professional readers who are involved with animals for scientific, economic, altruistic, and other reasons. While this first volume cannot cover the entire spectrum of animal welfare science-related topics, it does, in its diversity of contributions, demonstrate the multi-faceted and interdisciplinary nature of the subject of this new series.

Resources And The Evolution Of Social Behavior, Con Slobodchikoff

Social Behavior Collection

No abstract provided.

Iowa Academy Of Science Leadership Directory And Membership Roster, 1984-85, Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

Contents:

Board of Directors ... 3
Section Chairs ... 4
Section Vice Chairs ... 7
Committees ... 9
Award Recipients ... 25
Past Presidents ... 27
Membership Roster ... 28
Sprecial Directors ... 38

Discrimination And Generalization Of Leaf Damage By Blue Jays (Cyanocitta Cristata), Pamela G. Real, Ruth Iannazzi, Alan C. Kamil, Bernd Heinrich

Papers in Behavior in Biological Sciences

Blue jays (Cyanocitta cristata) responded to projected black-and-white silhouettes of cherry leaves that were either undamaged or were damaged by either cryptic caterpillars that disguise leaf damage due to their feeding or by noncryptic caterpillars that do not disguise leaf damage due to their feeding. Pecks to the key on which the images were projected were reinforced only if interresponse times fell within specified temporal boundaries. These boundaries were different in the presence of the two types of leaf damage. Following training with one exemplar of each damage type, the jays correctly categorized novel instances of both types. …

Limitations On Spatial Memory In Mice, Robert H.I. Dale, Martin Bedard

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Rats have an impressive ability to remember locations they have visited. Two experiments used an eight-arm radial maze to determine whether mice showed two important characteristics of this spatial memory: its durability, and its dependence on stimuli outside the maze (extreme stimuli). In Experiment 1, food-deprived mice were allowed to eat from four of the eight arms of the maze then, after delays of 5 sec, 1 min, or 5 min, they were permitted to choose the remaining arms. Choice accuracy declined significantly with the longer delays, but always remained above chance. In Experiment 2, the maze was rotated 180° …

Heg84-193 "Fighting Fair" In Marriage, Herbert G. Lingren

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide presents steps to follow to recognize and resolve marital conflicts through negotiation and finding mutually agreeable alternatives.

Do you ever use extreme or irrational tactics to gain your point (slamming doors, stomping around)?

Do you sometimes hurt your spouse in order to have the last word (sarcasm, name-calling)?

Do you store up grudges and use them to "hit" your partner over the head at a later time (revenge)?

Is your attitude "If I don't get what I want, I will quit cooperating?"

Do you continually expect others to do things the "right way" (your way)?

If you answered …

G84-731 Financing Correctional Services In Nebraska (Revised December 1992), A.L. (Roy) Frederick

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This is one of a series of NebGuides on financing state and local government. This publication focuses on correctional services.

Correctional services include confinement and correction of adults and juveniles convicted of offenses against the law plus probation and parole activities. In Nebraska, both local (mostly county) governments and state government, through the Nebraska Department of Correctional Services, provide such services. The federal government also maintains confinement and correctional facilities for those convicted of federal crimes, but no such facility is located in Nebraska. Sometimes, however, the federal government pays the state, or even counties, to assume custody of federal …

Heg84-192 Analyzing Color In Your Wardrobe, Thelma Thompson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Color is a powerful design element in our environment and our wardrobes. Although color is only one facet of design, it is usually the one that first attracts us to clothing. To learn how to use color, we need to understand the meaning of such terms as hue, value and intensity, and how to combine colors in pleasing harmonies.

This NebGuide discusses the importance of color in your wardrobe and offers suggestions on how to select colors to complement your personal coloring.

An Analysis Of The Representation Of Memorial Events In Pigeon Short-Term Memory, Sharon Musgrave

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

There is evidence to suggest that pigeons will actively encode information on delayed matching-to-sample (DMTS) tasks either by maintaining a representation of the sample stimulus during the retention interval (retrospective processing) or by maintaining a representation of the response decision in anticipation of the upcoming comparison stimuli (prospective processing). The following experiments were conducted to determine whether processing in DMTS is retrospective or prospective in nature. Using a paradigm developed by Stonebraker (1981), pigeons were simultaneously trained on two types of tasks: identity and symbolic matching. Only one set of sample stimuli was used and followed by either the symbolic …

The Displacement Process In Recreation, Dorothy H. Anderson, Perry J. Brown

Forest Management Faculty Publications

This paper presents the recreation displacement process from a social-psychological perspective and models it within the attitude- behavior framework. The displacement process is illustrated with empirical results from a study of use within the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness. Findings show that factors of displacement include litter, noise, overuse, and visual encounters with others. In most cases, recreation resource administrators should be able to managerially control displacing factors.

Transactions Of The Nebraska Academy Of Sciences Volume Xii (1984): Table Of Contents

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Nebraska Academy of Sciences, Officers, Policy Committee ......... ii

Editorial Board, Instructions to Contributors ......... v

Membership Objectives and Friends of the Academy ......... vi

Biological and Medical Sciences

Paulisentis missouriensis Keppner, 1974 (Acanthocephala) in creek chubs, Semotilus atromaculatus, of southeastern Nebraska (Buckner, Oetinger, and Buckner) ......... 1

Relationships between vegetation, soils, and pocket gophers in the Nebraska Sand Hills (K. J. Kjar Hirsch and J. Stubbendieck) ......... 5

Prevalence and relationships of two allocreadiid metacercariae in the burrowing mayfly, Hexagenia limbata (Serville in Guerin), of Bluestem Lake, Lancaster County, Nebraska (J. M. Moul) ......... 13

A bryological survey …

Operant Conditioning In The Water Snake (Nerodia Sipedon), Angela R. Deitz

Masters Theses

Six subjects of Nerodia sipedon were tested for runway acquisition. Five of six subjects met criterion for runway learning, demonstrating a significant decrease over the 25 day testing period in mean latency and running times. Four subjects completed 170 trials in a T-maze to test two-choice discrimination and reversal learning. All subjects met criterion for the initial discrimination and one reversal while two subjects completed four reversals and one subject met criterion for six reversals. Results are similar or superior to those previously reported for reptiles and other non-human vertebrates.

Operant Conditioning In The Psittacine, Amazona Amazonica, Gloria J. Nadolski

Masters Theses

Two Orange-winged Amazon Parrots, (Amazona amazonica) were subjected to operant conditioning involving three tests: two-choice spatial discrimination and reversal, three-choice color discrimination and reversal, and the oddity principle. Results of the habit reversal tests were compared to those of Gossett (1968) to determine the phylogenetic ranking of the learning capabilities of psittacines. In the first two habit reversal tests, the subjects completed twenty reversals using sunflower seeds as positive reinforcements. In the oddity principle test, the parrots completed the equivalent of 20 reversals, again using sunflower seeds. Criterion was met when they completed 8 consecutive correct choices with …

A Comparison Of Mmpi Scores Of Graduating High School Seniors And Their Parents, Nanette Martin

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of the study was to compare the MMPI scores of graduating high school seniors and their parents. The Minnesota Multi-phasic Personality Inventory was administered to one hundred and twenty subjects (forty students and eighty parents). The students were enrolled in five public schools and three private schools in Southwest Missouri, Central Missouri and Northeast Oklahoma. The volunteer subjects were selected using random sampling procedures. The data were collected during March and April, 1983.

The MMPI protocols were hand-scored for three Validity Scales (L, F, K), ten Clinical Scales (Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pa, Pt, Sc, Ma, Si) …

Adaptations Of Dolphin Vision To The Oceanic Environment, Andre Rivamonte

OES Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this study has been to develop an hypothesis explaining comparable aerial and underwater visual acuity of the bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus. This objective was accomplished by integrating the findings of other dolphin researchers working in the fields of comparative psychology, histology and ophthalmology. Their combined results enabled the formulation of a schematic dolphin eye. It is proposed that a dolphin lens, similar to the spherical lens of teleost fish with a rigid core of uniformly high refractive index and a margin of radially decreasing refractive index, could function as a bifocal lens and compensate for the eye's …

Keeping Unwanted Gulls Away - A Progress Report, Victor E. F. Solmon, Hans Blokpoel, W. John Richardson, George W. J. Laidlaw

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Nearly 50 years ago, wires were strung over fish ponds to discourage fish-eating birds from taking fish destined for other uses (McAtee and Piper 1936). Twenty years ago, overwiring of open ditches began on airports to keep ducks from using them and causing hazards to aircraft (Solman 1973). Both techniques used coarse wires spaced closely enough to form a physical barrier to prevent ducks and herons from landing on or taking off from the water.