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Ultraviolet Light Reactivation Of Gamma-Ray Induces Chromosome Aberrations In G1 Phase Xenopus Cells, Susan Kulp, Linda Rogers, H. Gaston Griggs

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Summary Account Of The Carolina Parakeet In Arkansas, Daniel Mckinley, Douglas A. James

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The extinct Carolina Parakeet (Conuropsis carolinensis) once was part of the Arkansas avifauna. The first two reports of the species in what is now Arkansas were made in 1673 and 1718 by early French explorers. The remaining records are from the 1800s when parakeets were found in nearly all parts of the state, often in abundance. The last literature reference for the species still definitely occurring in Arkansas pertains to birds present in the summer of 1885 along the White River at Newport

Microgeographic Variation In The Mexican Vole, Microtus Mexicanus, Meredith J. Hamilton, Gary A. Heidt

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Altitudinal variation was assessed in 115 (62 male; 53 female) Mexican voles (Microtus mexicanus) from six localities in Jalisco, Mexico. Univariate and multivariate statistical techniques were employed in the data analyses. A total of 49 skeletal measurements were investigated, and of these, 17 showed significant interlocality variation. Rostral breadth, depth of braincase, rostral height, width of third molar and nasal length were found to be the most variable characters. Component I (a size factor) accounted for 36% of the total phenetic variation; components II and III accounted for 30% and 19%, respectively. Larger individuals were found to occur at lower …

Promoting Soft Mast For Wildlife In Intensively Managed Forests, John J. Stransky, John H. Roese

Faculty Publications

The fruit of woody plants is important as food for wildlife (Martin et al. 1951, Lay 1965). The relation of fruit production to southern forest stand conditions has been explored in only a few studies. Fruit production is greater in forest clearings than in closed forest stands (Lay 1966, Elalls and Alcaniz 1968). In Georgia slash pine (Pinus elliottii) plantations, fruit yields of shrubs are greatest in 4-yeas-old stands, and soil disturbance in site preparation greatly reduces fruit yields (Johnson and Landers 1978). Total fruit production is greatest in 5-year-old bedded loblolly pine (P. taeda) plantations …

Coniferous Forest Habitat Types Of Northern Utah, Ronald L. Mauk, Jan A. Henderson

The Bark Beetles, Fuels, and Fire Bibliography

Data from >1100 plots in coniferous forests of northern Utah and adjacent areas of Idaho and Wyoming were used to identify 8 climax series and 36 habitat types. Descriptions are given of each type with notes on potential productivity for timber and characteristics of site, climate and surface soil.

A Revision Of Kyllinga Rottb. (Cyperaceae) In Mexico And Central America, Gordon C. Tucker

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

A Revision Of Kyllinga Rottb. (Cyperaceae) In Mexico And Central America, Gordon Tucker

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

Whales Are Not Cetacean Resources, Dale Jamieson, Tom Regan

Conservation Collection

What we know about whales is sufficient for ascribing to them the analogues of human rights, including the fundamental right to be treated with respect. Once we recognize their possession of this right, it follows that whales are not to be used or exploited by us for the promotion of our ends, however "benign" they may appear. In the case of humans, to refrain from killing them is to discharge only a small part of our total duties. We must also refrain from exploiting them, whether "consumptively" or "nonconsumptively." Having come as far as we have in our understanding of …

Animal Boredom: Is A Scientific Study Of The Subjective Experiences Of Animals Possible?, Françoise Wemelsfelder

Sentience Collection

The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between different meta-scientific frameworks and the science of animal welfare. Animal Boredom 117 During the past few years, I have become more and more convinced that the great difficulty science has in studying subjective experience in its objects, might be related to the denial of any role to subjective experience in the observer as an interpretational guide. Can a quality in the world around us be observed, when this same quality is deliberately excluded from the process of observing?

As a practical example for the discussion described above, the phenomenon …

The Origins Of Empathy And Altruism, Carolyn Zahn-Waxler, Barbara Hollenbeck, Marian Radke-Yarrow

Human and Animal Bonding Collection

We will describe theories and research that try to explain the development, especially in children, of sensitivity to the needs of others. Are children born with empathy? Is it instinctive or learned? What kinds of changes do humane feelings and behaviors undergo as children develop? How do the environments in which children are reared determine whether they will be more or less likely to show concern and to assume responsibility for the welfare of others? We have examined these issues in a series of studies of (a) the early origins of emotional concern (empathy) and (b) the translation of concerned …

The Question Of Animal Awareness, Francoise Wemelsfelder

Sentience Collection

The problem of animal awareness lies at the interface of science and philosophy. As a starting point for the study of phenomena such as awareness, mind, consciousness, etc., we hardly have any reference other than our own human experience and in the context of a nondualistic ontology this can be justified. In philosophy and psychology it appears to be very difficult to give direct operational definitions of terms such as consciousness, etc. So we might expect this to be even more difficult in the study of animals. A detailed knowledge of animals and their behaviour is necessary in order to …

Aquatic Feeding By Moose: Selection Of Plant Species And Feeding Areas In Relation To Plant Chemical Composition And Characteristics Of Lakes, D. Fraser, E R. Chavez, J. E. Paleheimo

Feeding Behavior Collection

Aquatic feeding by moose was studied with emphasis on (i) the chemical composition of aquatic plants compared with terrestrial browse, (ii) the chemical composition of preferred and unpreferred aquatic plant species and (iii) characteristics of preferred feeding areas. Compared with woody browse, aquatic plants had much higher levels of sodium and iron, and similar levels of other nutrients tested. In a "cafeteria" selection experiment, moose consistently ate seven species of aquatic plants (preferred plants), consistently rejected five species (unpreferred plants), and gave an intermediate response to seven species. Preferred species had significantly higher sodium content. Those in the intermediate class …

Advances In Animal Welfare Science 1984/85, M. W. Fox, L. D. Mickley

eBooks

This book, the first in an annual series, written by academicians--scientists, philosopher and other--is not intended exclusively for animal welfarists and conservationists. Since it is written by scholars, it will appeal to a wide range of academic and professional readers who are involved with animals for scientific, economic, altruistic, and other reasons. While this first volume cannot cover the entire spectrum of animal welfare science-related topics, it does, in its diversity of contributions, demonstrate the multi-faceted and interdisciplinary nature of the subject of this new series.

Resources And The Evolution Of Social Behavior, Con Slobodchikoff

Social Behavior Collection

No abstract provided.

Fisheries Report No 60 - Amateur Net Fishing Survey Of Two Western Australian South Coast Estuaries In January 1981, D. I. Heald

Fisheries Research Reports

Following the return of the administration of fishing activities in Wellstead estuary and Beaufort Inlet to the Western Australian Government in October 1980, a survey of the amateur net fishing in these two estuaries was undertaken in January 1987, The purpose of the survey was to document usage, species catches and size composition of fish caught in respect of mesh size used and the success rate of amateur net fishermen as compared to their expectation. At the time of the survey, Wellstead estuary had been closed to the sea for 13 months and Beaufort Inlet for 27 months and the …

Wood Anatomy Of Polemoniaceae, Sherwin Carlquist, Vincent M. Eckhart, David C. Michener

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.

Wood Anatomy Of Loasaceae With Relation To Systematics, Habit, And Ecology, Sherwin Carlquist

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.

Ellagitannins As Ultraviolet-Absorbing Floral Pigments In Crossosoma Californicum, Ron Scogin

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.

Fisheries Report No 63 - Assessment Of Artificial Feeds For Battery Culture Of A Freshwater Crayfish, Marron (Cherax Tenuimanus) (Decapoda: Parastacidae), Dr N. Morrissy

Fisheries Research Reports

Performance of juvenile crayfish, 0.1-5 g, on a variety of commercial crustacean feeds was tested under conditions of individual housing ("battery culture"), where sources of additional feed were minimized (detritus), or eliminated (cannibalism) Survival was close, or equal, to 100% over 50 day test periods, a reflection of optimal battery conditions rather than feeding, since survival over 100 days for an unfed (control} group was also 100%. No ecdysiad mortality, or trauma, occurred with crayfish, up to 10g, in compartments of area 75 cm. Growth performance in tests was rated by separate ratios for ecdysial increment and frequency, relative to …

Fisheries Report No 64 - The Western Rock Lobster Fishery 1977 - 1978, R. S. Brown, E H. Barker

Fisheries Research Reports

The fishery for the western rock lobster Panulirus cygnus is one of the most important single fisheries in Australia and an important export earner for the State. The fishery is governed by a complex set of regulations which have been reviewed by Bowen (1971) and which are designed to limit the total fishing effort to acceptable levels and to enforce a legal minimum size. It is thus important to constantly monitor the state of the fishery both to ensure that the effort is remaining within the accepted limits and that the regulations are adequately performing their function of maintaining reasonably …

Fisheries Report No 67 - The Western Rock Lobster Fishery 1978 - 1979, R. S. Brown, E H. Barker

Fisheries Research Reports

The fishery for the western rock lobster Panulirus cygnus is one of the most important single fisheries in Australia and an important export earner for the State. Western Australia produced a record 11 388 tons in 1978/79, out of a total Australian catch of rock lobster of 15 400 tons. The fishery is governed by a complex set of regulations which have been reviewed by Bowen (1971) and Hancock (1981) and which are designed to limit the total fishing effort to acceptable levels and to enforce a legal minimum size. It is thus important to constantly monitor the state of …

Fisheries Report No 62 - The Commercial Fisheries Of Temperate Western Australian Estuaries: Early Settlement To 1975, R C.J. Lenanton

Fisheries Research Reports

This report provides a quantitative description of the commercial estuarine fisheries of temperate Western Australia. An account is given of the Long series of historical events which influenced the development of the fisheries and led to their current status. All available catch and effort data covering the years 1898 - 1975 are presented. The use of this long series of historical catch and effort data as an aid to the management of the estuarine fisheries resources is discussed. It is emphasised that interpretations of these data cannot be undertaken effectively without a knowledge of factors such as Life history strategies, …

Book Review: Plant Infectious Agents, Myron K. Brakke

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

This is not the book to go to for exhaustive coverage or detailed experimental protocol, but it is excellent for a concise version of recent developments in the molecular biology of plant viruses.

Superior Developmental Stability Of Heterozygotes At Enzyme Loci In Salmonid Fishes, Robb F. Leary, Fred W. Allendorf, Kathy L. Knudsen

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Pan American Shorebird Program: A Progress Report, J. P. Myers, Gonzalo Castro, Brian Harrington, Marshall Howe, John L. Maron, Enrique Ortiz, Michel Sallaberry A., C. T. Schick, Elier Tablio

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Electrostatic And Magnetic Imaging Without Image Rotation, Zhou Li-Wei, Ni Guo-Qiang, Fang Er-Lun

Scanning Electron Microscopy

A method is discussed for designing electrostatic and magnetic imaging systems without image rotation. Tsukkerman's condition for an imaging system free of rotation does not appear to be applicable to practical designs. We have modified his theory to obtain two other conditions for the normalized axial electric potential V(z), the normalized axial magnetic induction G(z), and a lens strength parameter 𝞴 which can be interpreted as an eigen-value. Some analytical examples and numerical results are given.

The Influence Of Sample And Detector Angles Upon Auger Electron Signal, Robert L. Gerlach

Scanning Electron Microscopy

The effects of the sample to incident electron beam angle and of the detector. angle on the Auger electron signal are important for quantitative Auger analysis, particularly for Auger mapping and line scans. A first approximation, single scattering, mean free path model is employed to simulate the Auger signal resulting from a range of sample and detector angles. The model is single scattering in the sense that the excitation path is taken to be a straight line into the solid. A second model approximates multiple scattering by a normal distribution of ionizing flux angles about the incident beam direction.

Since …

Various Attempts To Reduce The Dimensions Of Magnetic Electron Lenses Used For High Voltage Microscopes, J. L. Balladore, R. Murillo, J. Trinquier

Scanning Electron Microscopy

Magnetic fields are used in electron microscopy for a variety of purposes: image formation, energy analysis and correction of astigmatism, for example.

We are interested in the problems of designing short focal length lenses to be used for focusing high energy electrons in the energy range 1-3 MeV.

These lenses are generally very large and we have tried to reduce their dimensions to simplify their construction and use. From this point of view, it is necessary to diminish the magnetic coil and the magnetic circuit iron.

Several solutions have been proposed in the case of the coil. We have obtained …

A Comparison Of Lanthanum Hexaboride, Cold Field Emission And Thermal Field Emission Electron Guns For Low Voltage Scanning Electron Microscopy, J. Orloff

Scanning Electron Microscopy

A comparison of lanthanum hexaboride, cold W(310) field emission and Zr/W thermal field emission cathodes was made by calculating the current-spot size relationship for each, using comparable lenses, to determine which would be suitable for high current operation at 1 keV beam energy, with a focused beam diameter < 0.05 μm. On the criteria of highest current, reasonable operating conditions for the gun for low noise operation and long term cathode stability it was found that the lanthanum hexaboride and cold field emission cathodes are inadequate or marginal and that the best performance is obtainable from the thermal field emission cathode.

Electron Detectors Used For Imaging In The Scanning Electron Microscope, V. N. E. Robinson

Scanning Electron Microscopy

Electron detectors used for imaging in the scanning electron microscope include those which detect secondary electrons, various portions of the backscattered electron signal, and the residual specimen current. The use of a different detector will often produce a different image of the same specimen. The information contained in these images depends upon the signal detected and the properties of the detector used. The choice of detector to be used depends upon the information desired.