Digital Commons Network^™

Multidimensional Scaling (Mds) Analysis Of Fire Blight Resistance In Apple Genotypes Selected From The Eastern Black Sea Region Of Türkiye, Kubi̇lay Kurtuluş Baştaş, Hati̇ce Dumanoğlu, Veli̇ Erdoğan, Ahmet Aygün, Rabi̇a Albayrak Deli̇ali̇oğlu, Sai̇d Efe Dost, Ümi̇t Serdar, Özgün Kalkişim, Sali̇h Maden, Zahi̇de Kocabaş

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Erwinia amylovora is the causal agent of fire blight, which is known as one of the most destructive diseases of apple. The use of fire blight-resistant cultivars/rootstocks is one of the most effective methods available to manage this disease. We previously selected 199 local apple cultivars that showed no clearly visible symptoms of fire blight on the plants from the coastline of the eastern Black Sea Region in Türkiye. The region is characterized by the highest rainfall and humidity levels in the country. In this research, young plants of these genotypes grafted onto MM.106 rootstock were screened for fire blight …

Effects Of Fenugreek And Shatavari On Vasomotor And Hormonal Balance In Ovariectomized Rats, Füsun Erten, Beşi̇r Er, Cemal Orhan, Abhijeet A. Morde, Muralidhara Padigaru, Kazi̇m Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (fenugreek, TFG) and Asparagus racemosus Willd. (shatavari, AR) have been extensively used in Ayurvedic, Unani, and traditional folk medicine to support women’s health. TFG seeds are traditionally employed as galactagogues and hormonal modulators, while AR roots are valued as rejuvenating tonics with phytoestrogenic activity, prescribed for menopausal complaints and reproductive well-being. Both plants also exhibit antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects, suggesting their potential as safe, nonhormonal alternatives to conventional hormone replacement therapy. This study investigated the dose-dependent effects of TFG and AR, administered individually or in combination, on vasomotor symptoms, hormonal balance, oxidative stress, and neuroendocrine markers in …

Derived Smoke Solution Mitigates Drought Stress In Forage Pea By Enhancing Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms, Medi̇ne Çopur Doğrusöz

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was conducted to enhance plant resilience against drought stress, a major threat to agricultural production, by utilizing an eco-friendly application derived from agricultural waste. We investigated the protective effect of a smoke solution, derived from poppy harvest residues, on the biometric and biochemical parameters of two forage pea (Pisum sativum spp. arvense L.) varieties (GAP Pembesi and Özkaynak). Seeds were primed with 1% and 10% smoke solutions and grown under three distinct conditions: normal irrigation (control), moderate drought, and severe drought. Parameters including biometric traits, chlorophyll pigments, secondary metabolites, and antioxidant enzyme activities were analyzed. The smoke solution …

Processing Mechanism And Efficacy Maintenance Strategy Of Ginseng Active Ingredients Based On Spectroscopy Technology, Yang Hantong, Kong Linghui, Jiang Mengmeng, Wang Yingxiu, Li Xiangguo

Food and Machinery

Ginseng, as a medicinal and edible plant, has ginsenosides as its core active components, which are widely applied due to their physiological functions such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities; however, their structures and activities are easily affected by food processing. During processing steps such as cleaning, steaming/boiling, and fermentation, temperature, pH, and microbial enzyme systems alter the types, contents, and stability of active components through reactions such as hydrolysis and oxidation. The intrinsic linkage mechanism of "component transformation-activity-bioavailability" constitutes a core focus and challenge in current research. This study, based on spectroscopic techniques including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), nuclear magnetic …

Effect Of Processing Methods On Polygonatum Kingianum Collett & Hemsl . Metabolites Based On Widely Targeted Metabolomics, Wei Zhen, Tang Yayuan, Yue Jian, Su Juan, Sun Jian, He Xuemei

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To investigate the effect of processing methods on Polygonatum kingianum Collett & Hemsl.metabolites, to reveal the regulatory pattern of processing methods on the metabolites, and to clarify the characteristic metabolites enriched by various processing methods.［Methods］ Metabolites of P.kingianum samples processed via boiling (BP), roller processing (HP), and traditional processing (JZ) are analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) based on widely targeted metabolomics. Differential metabolites are screened using multivariate statistical analyses, including principal component analysis, orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis, and hierarchical clustering analysis, followed by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and 何雪梅（1981—），女，广西农业科学院农产品加工研究所研究员，硕士。E-mail：[email protected]|Genomes (KEGG ) metabolic enrichment analysis.［Results］ …

Effects Of Yeast Extract And Reheating Methods On Gel Properties And Warmed-Over Flavor Formation Of Hairtail Surimi, Huang Qianyi, Li Xianghong, Li Shuang, Ma Xiayin, Liu Dongmin, Wang Faxiang, Liu Yongle, Wu Jinhong

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To control the gel property and warmed -over flavor formation of hairtail surimi products.［Methods］ Surimi gel is prepared using hairtail as the raw material. Then, by examining changes in sensory evaluation, microstructure, gel property,moisture content, and volatile flavor substances, this study investigates the effects of yeast extract addition and reheating methods on gel property and warmed-over flavor formation in hairtail surimi products.［Results］ Yeast extract addition significantly promotes internal structural cross-linking and reduces the number of pores in the product, thereby enhancing the gel properties, including gel strength, hardness, and elasticity. Specifically, an optimal gel property is observed at a …

Preparation , Characterization , And Stability Of Pickering Emulsions Stabilized By Theaflavins-Bovine Serum Albumin Complexes, Fu Zhixuan, Cao Qian, Wu Yuanjie, Wu Haoren, Shi Meng

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To construct theaflavins (TFs)-bovine serum albumin (BSA ) complex-based Pickering emulsions to enhance the multiple stability of Pickering emulsions.［Methods］ TFs at different mass concentrations (0~20 mg/mL ) were used to prepare complexes with BSA, which were then employed to prepare Pickering emulsions with rapeseed oil. The microstructure, particle size, Zeta potential, and rheological properties of the emulsions were characterized. The effects of TFs mass concentration on the stability of the emulsions under centrifugation, storage, and sodium ion stress were further analyzed.［Results］ TFs formed stable complexes with BSA, and the resulting Pickering emulsions exhibited spherical droplets. As the TFs mass …

Evaluation Of Functional Properties And Classification Of Processability Of Eight Chestnut Starch Varieties Based On Multidimensional Quality Indexes, Yang Xiaocong, Wang Ensheng, Li Shizhuo, Du Wenqing, Li Kun

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To clarify the comprehensive functional characteristics and processing adaptability of different chestnut varieties.［Methods］ The microscopic morphology of starches prepared from eight chestnut varieties was observed, and their amylose content, transparency, freeze-thaw stability, solubility, swelling power, and gel texture properties were determined. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA ),and cluster analysis were employed to comprehensively evaluate starch quality.［Results］ The starch granules from the eight chestnut varieties exhibited similar morphologies, mainly including round, oval, and polygonal shapes. Correlation analysis revealed significant correlations among the quality indexes of different varieties (P<0.05). PCA reduced the eight indexes to two principal components, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 84.373%.Cluster analysis classified the starches from the eight chestnut varieties into four categories: high-elasticity, high-swelling, low-hardness, and high-gel types.［Conclusion］ Significant differences in the functional properties of chestnut starches were observed among the different categories (P<0.05).

Intelligent Temperature And Humidity Control System For Daqu Fermentation Rooms Using Smith Predictor-Based Fuzzy Pid, Yang Haili, Liao Xilong, Liu Sai, Hu Xinjun, Li Lan, Xie Liangliang, Chen Shan, Fei Lei

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To address the strong delay and nonlinearity in the Daqu fermentation process.［Methods］ This study proposes a coordinated control strategy combining a Smith predictor and fuzzy proportional -integral -derivative (PID). By establishing a mathematical model of the fermentation process, the Smith predictor is used to compensate for the delay. Combined with fuzzy rules, the PID parameters are tuned online, achieving precise control of temperature and humidity.［Results］ Compared with traditional and fuzzy PID control, the temperature overshoot is reduced by 23.3% and 4.7%,respectively,while the adjustment time is shortened by 15.81% and 11.53%,respectively. For humidity, the overshoot is reduced by 31.4% and …

Detection Of Early Browning Inside Fragrant Pears Based On Time-Frequency Images Of Acoustic And Vibration Signals, Zhang Feng, Yu Junyang, Xiao Ping, Zhang Hui, Wang Kai

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To explore the detection efficacy of models constructed by combining time-frequency image features of the fragrant pears in acoustic and vibration with machine learning algorithms.［Methods］ Acoustic and vibration signals are collected from fragrant pears exhibiting varying degrees of internal browning using a custom-built non-destructive detection device. Time-frequency images are transformed using the short-time Fourier transform (STFT),continuous wavelet transform (CWT), and the S-transform. Then, texture feature parameters in 15 time-frequency domains are extracted, respectively, from 3 types of time-frequency images using the Gray-Gradient Co-occurrence Matrix (GGCM). Additionally, correlation analysis is performed between these feature parameters and the fragrant pear browning …

Effects Of Synergistic Preservation Technology On Quality And Shelf Life Of Meat Buns Under Room Temperature Storage, Li Shumin, Yu Xin, Du Ting, Wu Yina, Du Xinjun

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To develop a synergistic preservation scheme for meat buns that balances safety and quality stability, thereby achieving a 7-day safe shelf life during room temperature storage.［Methods］ High-temperature high-pressure sterilization or stewing is adopted as the core pretreatment procedure. The wrapper is added with calcium propionate (0.15 g/kg ),while the meat filling is incorporated with compound preservatives including sodium diacetate (1.5 g/kg ), potassium sorbate (0.060 g/kg ), and ε-polylysine (0.20 g/kg ). Combined with the synergistic effects of modified atmosphere packaging and preservation pads, a storage environment is constructed to continuously inhibit microbial regrowth and delay oxidation.［Results］ The meat …

Effects Of Gardenia Extract On Body Weight And Intestinal Mucosal Microbiota In Obese Mice, Liu Qin, Deng Na, Zhou Mengsi, Tan Zhoujin

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To explore the effects of gardenia extract on intestinal mucosal microbiota and body weight in mice fed a high -fat diet, and to explore the microecological mechanism of gardenia extract in obese mice.［Methods］ The potential mechanism of gardenia extract in treating obesity is predicted by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. Additionally, 24 SPF C 57BL/6 male mice are randomly assigned into a blank group (8 mice ) and a model group (16 mice ). The model group receives a high-fat diet for 12 weeks, while the blank group receives an ordinary diet. After modeling, 12 successfully modeled mice …

Anti-Inflammatory Effect Of Sipunculus Nudus Collagen Peptide And Its Mechanism In Skin Wound Repair Promotion In Mice, Huang Haoyang, Zhang Junyi, Shen Weiqiang, Cao Wenhong, Lin Haisheng

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To explore the repairing effect of Sipunculus nudus collagen peptide (SNCP ) on skin wounds and clarify its potential efficacy in anti -inflammation, oxidative stress regulation,and wound repair promotion.［Methods］ Collagen is extracted from the body wall of S.nudus via the hot water extraction method, and SNCP is subsequently prepared through enzymolysis and ultrafiltration. Then,the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cell inflammation model and the whole cortex wound inflammation model in mice are employed to detect the effect of SNCP on cytotoxicity and cell morphology, as well as the inflammatory, antioxidant, and growth factors in mouse wound tissues.［Results］ At 50 to …

Optimization Of Polysaccharide Extraction Process From Chlorella Vulgaris And Their Antioxidant Activity, Wang Hua, Zhang Pengjuan, Xue Xiaodong, Liu Ziyu

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To optimize the extraction process of Chlorella vulgaris polysaccharides using response surface methodology and analyze their antioxidant activity.［Methods］ The extraction rate of C.vulgaris polysaccharides is used as an evaluation index, and the single factor method is used to select the three factors with the greatest impact on the polysaccharide extraction rate. Box-Behnken design is used to optimize the extraction process. The antioxidant capacity of C.vulgaris polysaccharides is evaluated by DPPH scavenging rate, hydroxyl radical scavenging rate and total reducing power.［Results］ The optimal extraction conditions are determined as follows: sodium hydroxide mass concentration of 1.70 g/100 mL, extraction temperature of …

Effects Of Thermal Processing Methods On Flavor Quality Of Fish Meat And Differential Formation Mechanisms : A Review, Zou Wanghua, Hou Xiaoyi, Liu Miao, Deng Na, Ni Panxianzhi, Li Hui, Fu Haohua, Wang Jianhui

Food and Machinery

Thermal processing is the most commonly used technique for fish products. Different thermal processing techniques vary in the degree of lipid oxidation, protein degradation, and Maillard reaction, as well as the synergy among these reactions, thereby differentially affecting flavor. Focusing on four typical thermal processing methods, steaming, boiling, frying, and roasting, this paper reviews the flavor change patterns in various types of fish products under different thermal processing conditions. Moreover, from the perspective of the synergy among lipid oxidation and decomposition, protein degradation, and the Maillard reaction, this paper systematically elucidates the formation mechanisms underlying the flavor substance enrichment and …

Research Progress On The Extraction Of Functional Components From Chinese Baijiu Distiller's Grains And Their High-Value Applications, Wang Yanyong, Guo Shuanghai

Food and Machinery

Chinese Baijiu distiller's grains represent a major by-product of the Baijiu brewing industry. The solid-state or liquid-state multi-strain fermentation process endows them with complex chemical compositions and functional properties, conferring considerable potential for further development. This study describes the chemical composition of Chinese Baijiu distiller's grains, discusses the differences in functional components arising from the brewing processes of various Baijiu aroma types, and evaluates advanced extraction techniques targeting core components, including proteins, dietary fibers, and polyphenols. The biological activities of Chinese Baijiu distiller's grain extracts, such as antioxidant, antihypertensive, and immunoregulatory effects, as well as their underlying mechanisms of action, …

Invasive African Fig Flies (Zaprionus Indianus) Have Reduced Cold Acclimation Ability Compared To Cosmopolitan Drosophilid Species, Mia Hollekim, Lucy Smith, Priscilla A. Erickson

Biology Faculty Publications

Zaprionus indianus, an invasive species of fruit fly originating from Africa, has successfully inhabited eastern North America but is thought to be seasonally limited by cold temperatures. We compared the cold acclimation abilities of Z. indianus to six drosophilid species. Each species’ survival at -5°C was tested following acclimation periods at 10°C, 15°C, and 25°C. We found that Z. indianus had a similar baseline cold tolerance to other cosmopolitan species and acclimated following treatment at 15°C. Overall, cold acclimation in Z. indianus was better than tropical species but weaker than some cosmopolitan species, suggesting cold may restrict Z. indianus …

Main-Chain Ion-Pair Polybenzimidazole Membranes Enabling Reduced-Temperature Ht-Pemfc Operation (Down To 120°C), Brian C. Benicewicz, Huina Lin

Faculty Publications

Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are promising for clean and efficient energy conversion across diverse applications. High-temperature PEM fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) using phosphoric acid (PA)-doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) can operate up to 200°C, but at lower temperatures, water-induced PA loss often leads to performance degradation and reduced durability. In this work, we present a new class of main-chain ion-pair PBI membranes by integrating the imidazolium-biphosphate ion-pair units directly into the PBI backbone. This design results in membranes with high acid content, stronger acid-polymer interactions and stabilized acid retention. In single-cell tests, the Im+-PBI15-3 wt.% exhibits peak power densities of 0.79 …

Ai-Based Metacognitive Tutoring And Its Role In Enhancing Higher-Order Thinking Skills In Biology Learning: A Conceptual And Correlational Study, Ririn Mardiana Saputri, Sekar Juang Adilia Pantarei, Widi Purwianingsih

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

Higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) are essential competencies in biology learning, yet many students continue to struggle with engaging in analytical, evaluative, and reflective thinking processes during science instruction. This study examines the role of AI-based metacognitive tutoring in supporting the development of HOTS in biology education. Employing a conceptual and correlational research design, this study integrates theoretical analysis with empirical correlational data collected from 85 senior high school students in Lombok, Indonesia. Metacognitive awareness was measured using the Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI), while higher-order thinking skills were assessed using a validated biology HOTS instrument. The findings indicate a strong positive …

The Effect Of Project-Based Learning Model On Entrepreneurship (Pjbl-E) With A Deep Learning Approach On Students' Problem-Solving And Cognitive Skills, Ricce Oktasari, Irwandi Irwandi, Siti Darwa Suryani

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

This study aims to examine the effect of the Entrepreneurship-based Project Based Learning (PjBL-E) model integrated with a pedagogical Deep Learning approach on students’ problem-solving skills and cognitive learning outcomes in biology learning. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of entrepreneurship values and pedagogical deep learning principles into Project Based Learning to create contextual and meaningful learning experiences. Entrepreneurship integration encourages students to develop innovative products, identify real-world problems, and apply biological concepts in practical and socio-economic contexts. Meanwhile, the pedagogical Deep Learning approach promotes reflective thinking, conceptual understanding, critical analysis, and the ability to connect theory …

Zinc Biofortification Technologies , Edible Safety , And Physiological Function Regulation In Edible Mushrooms, Wu Bingbing, Shi Nengpai, Su Jianwei, Hou Xuemei, Lin Xiangyang

Food and Machinery

Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element for humans, and dietary zinc deficiency is an important global public health issue. Edible mushrooms have become highly promising carriers for zinc biofortification due to their natural mineral accumulation ability and the capacity to convert inorganic zinc into organically bound states with higher bioavailability. The enrichment and absorption of zinc, intracellular homeostasis regulation, and subcellular distribution patterns during the cultivation process of edible mushrooms were summarized, and the key factors influencing the efficiency of zinc biofortification, including fungal species, zinc sources (inorganic, organic, or nano forms ),application methods,and cultivation conditions, were evaluated. In …

Advances In Extraction And Detection Technologies For Veterinary Drug Residues In Food, Luo Qiaoqiao, Yuan Yufeng, Jia Yunzhu, Chen Qingya, Tan Fang, Zhao Xin

Food and Machinery

Veterinary drug residues constitute a global challenge that poses significant threats to food safety and public health. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in detection technologies for veterinary drug residues in food, with a particular focus on the performance characteristics and application status of sample extraction techniques (including liquid-liquid extraction, solid phase extraction, accelerated solvent extraction, QuEChERS, and magnetic solid phase microextraction ),as well as analytical methods (including chromatographic-mass spectrometric techniques, immunoassays, capillary electrophoresis, biosensors, and quantum dots -based approaches ). Comparative analysis reveals that accelerated solvent extraction (ASE ) and QuEChERS have emerged as mainstream pretreatment techniques owing to …

The Effect Of Discovery Learning Model On Students’ Critical Thinking Skills In Biology Learning At Sman 1 Dampelas, Umiyatul Rahma, Mursito S. Bialangi, Amalia Buntu, Fatma Dhafir, Raya Agni, Gamar B. N Shamdas

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

Critical thinking skills are essential in biology learning; however, many classroom practices remain teacher-centered, limiting students’ opportunities to engage in higher-order thinking processes. Although previous studies have reported the potential of Discovery Learning to enhance critical thinking, evidence regarding its effectiveness in secondary biology education remains limited, particularly in the context of Indonesian high schools. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of the Discovery Learning model on students’ critical thinking skills in biology learning at SMAN 1 Dampelas. A quasi-experimental study employing a nonequivalent control group design was conducted with 48 Grade XI science students, consisting of 24 …

Student Worksheets Based On The Local Wisdom Of Besilek Serawai For Sixth-Grade Elementary Science Learning, Mice Agustin, Tomi Hidayat, Irwandi Irwandi

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

This study aims to develop a Student Worksheet (Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik [LKPD]) based on the local wisdom of Besilek Serawai for sixth-grade elementary science education and to evaluate its validity. The study employed the ADDIE development model, consisting of five stages: Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate. The developed LKPD integrates Besilek Serawai, a traditional martial art of the Seluma community, with the concept of the human locomotor system in science instruction. The worksheet was validated by two subject-matter experts and two media experts. Material validation yielded an average score of 4.26, equivalent to a validity percentage of 85.2%, …

Elucidating The Mechanisms Of Complex Flavoprotein Dehydrogenases, Tyler Alt

Dissertations

Flavins are ubiquitous redox active cofactors that can catalyze electron transfer between substrates. They offer the advantage of being able to stabilize a range of oxidation and protonation states, as well being amenable to covalent modification, which can further alter their activity. As such, the scope of reactions catalyzed by flavoproteins is broad and flavin has implications in a range of biological processes. The two predominant forms of flavin that serve as redox active cofactors are flavin adenine mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which are functionally homologous. A major complication of studying flavoprotein dehydrogenases, and one that has …

Influence Of Smoking On Mlh1 Gene Polymorphism: Insights Into Colorectal Cancer Incidence, Ali Mohammed Al-Abedi, Rand Muhammed Abdul-Hussein Al-Husseini

Al-Bahir

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The MutL Homolog 1 (MLH1) gene plays a critical role in DNA mismatch repair (MMR). Evidence suggests cigarette smoking increases CRC risk, potentially interacting with genetic factors.

Materials and Methods: This case-control study involved 50 Iraqi CRC patients and 50 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. The PCR-RFLP technique was employed for genotyping the -93G/A (rs1800734) polymorphism. Statistical analysis included Chi-square, Fisher's Exact Test, and logistic regression adjusted for confounders. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) was assessed in controls.

Results: The frequency of the rs1800734 variant was significantly higher in CRC …

Dual-Action Antibacterial Agents Targeting Biofilm Reduction And Membrane Disruption In Staphylococcus Aureus, Rahmat Folashade Zakariyah, Waliyullahi Akorede Husain, Elohor Precious Samuel, Wonder Olanipekun Oloruntoba, Fatmah Opeyemi Saka, Khalid Ayinde Oyelami, Mariam Temitope Baker

Al-Bahir

Antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus is a serious global health problem as the organism rapidly develops resistance against widely used antibiotics. This study sought to investigate the antibacterial and antibiofilm properties of γ-Tocopherol, a natural compound from Ocimum gratissimum, as well as its synergism with 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) against S. aureus. The antibacterial activities and minimum inhibitory concentrations of the compounds were determined using agar diffusion and microbroth dilution methods, respectively. Biofilm reduction was evaluated using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) assay and membrane integrity was evaluated using the crystal violet microtiter plate assay and the ion leakage assay. The results …

Evaluating The Efficacy Of Green-Method-Prepared Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles On Gene Expression Of Efflux Pumps In Klebsiella Pneumoniae Bacteria Isolated From Women With Gestational Diabetes, Wissam Qadry Mutaab, Rana J. Shaker

Al-Bahir

Vaginitis is one of the most common women's health problems, and its severity increases in pregnant women with gestational diabetes due to higher susceptibility to infection and increased rates of antibiotic resistance. The research problem: The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and its association with AcrAB-TolC ejaculation pumps limits treatment efficacy, while the effect of green-method nanoparticles on gene expression of these pumps remains unclear. This paper aimed to detect the acrA and acrB genes in K. pneumoniae isolates and evaluate the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared with garlic and rosemary extracts on their gene expression. …

A Rho5-Cnc1-Dnm1 Signalling Module Coordinates Multi-Organelle Execution Of Regulated Cell Death In Yeast, Justin Bauer

Theses and Dissertations

Regulated cell death is a conserved process with major implications for health and disease, yet how yeast cells integrate stress signals to determine survival versus death remains unclear. This thesis investigates Cyclin C (Cnc1), a conserved Mediator kinase module component with both transcriptional and mitochondrial roles. Together with Cdk8 Cnc1 primarily represses stress response genes, while upon stress it translocates to the mitochondria to induce mitochondrial fragmentation with the dynamin-related GTPase Dnm1. Using structure-guided separation-of-function mutants, I demonstrate that Cnc1-dependent death requires its mitochondrial function rather than its transcriptional role, and that its effector Dnm1 acts as a signaling node …

The Helminthic Status Of Selected Tanzanian Subterranean Rodents, The Root-Rats (Spalacidae: Tachyoryctes Splendens) And Emini Silvery Mole-Rats (Bathyergidae: Heliophobius Argenteocinereus Emini), Jestina V. Katandukila

Tanzania Journal of Science

Root-rats (Tachyoryctes splendens) and emini silvery mole-rats (Heliophobius argenteocinereus emini) are common subterranean rodents that are essential component of the ecosystem. They serve as prey for small to medium-sized carnivores and birds of prey but their role as hosts to parasites is limited. The present study, explored the Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) contents of 40 rodents (20 T. splendens and 20 H. a. emini, respectively) to acquire information on parasites diversity of these mammals. The GIT contents from subterranean rodents in a sex ratio of 1:1 were examined under a compound microscope to isolate helminths. The isolated helminths belonged to the …