Digital Commons Network^™

Present Risk, Future Risk Or No Risk - Measuring And Predicting Perceptions Of Health Risks Of A Hazardous Waste Landfill, William K. Hallman, Abraham H. Wandersman

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Given that perceived risk is multidimensional, the authors seek better understanding by focusing on health risks and, more particularly, on their temporality. In this way, they attempt to measure more meaningfully psychological influences on risk perceptions.

Ranking Risks, Baruch Fischhoff

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Dr. Fischhoff considers the role of government in helping citizens manage risks. He then offers a general procedure for risk ranking and concludes by discussing what can be done with a list of risks.

The Role Of The Unconscious In The Perception Of Risks, Andrew F. Fritzsche

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Dr. Fritzsche argues that our world is too "rational" and that the psychology of the unconscious, as developed by Jung, can be key to understanding responses to hazards and to resolving conflicts that arise in the political management of risks.

Circadian Rhythm Of Brain Gaba Levels In The Cockroach, Leucophaea Maderae, Juli Martin Mccay, Jeanette Marie Gibson

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Brain levels of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were determined at three-hour intervals in roaches acclimated to a 12-hour lightl12-hour dark cycle (light onset 0600 h) at 25 ± 2° C using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorometnc detection GABA levels were found to be highest at noon and lowest at 1800 h. A difference between the high and low levels at these two times remained during the second day under constant dark conditions, indicating that GABA levels do indeed vary on a circadian basis. Brain GABA levels were highest at a time of day that corresponded with …

Persistent Oral Dyskinesias Induced By Long-Term Haloperidol Treatment Is Dissociated From Changes In Neostriatal B(Max) And Mrna Content For Dopamine D(2) Receptors, Nuoyu Huang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Due to the presumed associations of dopamine (DA) receptor supersensitivity phenomena in both long-term neuroleptic-treated tardive dyskinetic rats and neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine (n6-OHDA)-lesioned rats, we studied the influence of haloperidol on n6-OHDA-lesioned rats. At 3 days after birth rats received 6-OHDA-HBr (200 $\mu$g, bilateral intracerebroventricularly; desipramine pretreatment, 20 mg/kg, 1h) or vehicle. Two months later haloperidol (1.5/kg/day $\times$ 2 days/week for 4 weeks, then 1.5 mg/kg/day, every day for 10 months) was added to the drinking water. Spontaneous oral activity of intact and n6-OHDA-lesioned rats receiving haloperidol was reached and maintained at significantly higher levels after 15 weeks of haloperidol treatment. …

Program Abstracts, 107th Session, Iowa Academy Of Science, April 21-22, 1995, Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

Presentation abstracts from the annual meeting of the Iowa Academy of Science

The Annual Meeting Of The Iowa Academy Of Science April 21-22, 1995 [Program, 107th Meeting], Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

Contents:

Program Summary --- 5
General Session Speakers --- 8
Awards --- 11
Symposia Programs --- 12
Poster Session14
Map --- Centerfold
Section Programs/Special Sessions --- 17
Agricultural Sciences --- 17
Anthropology --- 17
Botany --- 19
Cellular & Molecular Biology --- 20
Chemistry, Inorganic --- 21
Chemistry, Organic --- 23
Conservation --- 24
Engineering --- 25
Geology --- 27
Physics --- 29
Physiology/Zoology --- 29
Psychology Linguistics --- 30
Science Teaching --- 31
Annual Meeting Committee --- 33
Local Arrangements Committee --- 33
IAS Officers & Directors --- 34
Future Meetings --- 34

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 37 Number 2, Spring 1995, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

6 - MORE THAN A CATHOLIC EDUCATION Why students from other faiths choose Santa Clara and what they find here. By Elise Banducci '87

10 - WALKING WITH THE PEOPLE OF DOLORES MISSION For a young Jesuit, the people of his East Los Angeles parish have much to teach. By Gregory Bonfiglio '82, S.J.

16 - A GOOD SPANKING? Deeply concerned about youth crime and disorder, many people say corporal punishment could be the answer for unruly students. But does it work? By Miriam Schulman

22 - MARKET-DRIVEN NEWS: LET THE CITIZEN BEWARE Increasingly, what's considered news is being defined …

Review Of: Dorothy J. Howell, Ecology For Environmental Professionals (Quorum Books 1994), Karla Sievers Mcmanus

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Review of: Dorothy J. Howell, Ecology for Environmental Professionals (Quorum Books 1994). Appendices, bibliographical references, figures, glossary, index, preface, tables. LC 93-5580; ISBN 0-89930-745-0 [215 pp. Cloth $59.95. 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881.]

Indicating Acts During Counting By A Chimpanzee (Pan Troglodytes), Sarah T. Boysen, Gary G. Berntson, Traci A. Shreyer, Michelle B. Hannan

Sentience Collection

A chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) experienced in counting arrays of 0-7 items and trained for comprehension of number symbols, spontaneously displayed a variety of indicating acts (e.g., pointing, touching, and rearranging items) during counting. Twenty-five sessions were videotaped, and all trials were evaluated for the relations among number of items presented, number of indicating acts displayed, and the Arabic number selected to represent the array. Significant correlations included the relations between number of items and the cardinal number selected by the animal, between the number of items and indicating acts displayed by the chimpanzee, and between the number of indicating acts …

Analyzing Correlations Of Three Types In Selected Lines Of Drosophila Melanogaster That Have Evolved Stable Extreme Geotactic Performance, Scott F. Stoltenberg, Jerry Hirsch, Stewart H. Berlocher

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The behavior-genetic analysis of Drosophila melanogaster with geotactic performance as the phenotype is an ideal model system with which to investigate the complex relations between heredity and behavior. As part of a long-term, 38-year study, we report 4 experiments that identify and analyze trait correlations in the selected high- and low-geotaxis lines. We performed F₂ correlational analyses and backcrosses to examine 3 types of correlations: (a) genotype-genotype (alcohol dehydrogenase [Adh]-amylase [Amy]), (b) genotype-phenotype (Adh and Amy-geotaxis), and (c) phenotype-phenotype (mate preference–geotaxis). Only the Adh-geotaxis correlation survived meiosis and reappeared in the F …

Addressing Problems In Evaluating Health-Relevant Programs Through Systematic Planning And Evaluation, Galen E. Cole, Chester L. Pogostin, Bonita J. Westover, Nilka M. Rios

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The authors argue that inconsistent terminology is often a hindrance in assessing health program implementation, effectiveness and efficiency. Attending closely to this, they propose a model scheme for conducting such evaluations.

Localization Of Dopamine Receptor Subtypes Occupied By Intra-Accumbens Administration Of Selective Antagonists That Reverse Cocaine-Induced Locomotion., Laura O'Dell

Selected Works Temporary Series

No abstract provided.

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 37 Number 1, Winter 1995, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

6 - THE JESUIT CASE DECLASSIFIED Secret documents reveal what the United States knew.... and what it failed to do about the Jesuit murders in El Salvador. By Peter Kornbluh

10 - EASTERN ENLIGHTENMENT SCU's new religion chair draws from her latest book to discuss how Christians can derive a greater understanding of their own faith through an appreciation of Buddhism. By Denise Lardner Carmody

13 - WASTE NOT As part of SCU's Institute on Ecology, students, faculty, and staff assess how well the University is using its own environmental resources.

17 - THE DOMESTIC CHURCH MEETS THE PARISH CHURCH …

Nebline, January 1995

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Horticulture

Rural $ense

Human Resources

4-H & Youth

Environmental Focus

Community & Leadership Development

Extension Calendar

Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP)

Nebraska Association for Family and Community Education News

and other extension news and events

The Animal Research Controversy: Protest, Process & Public Policy, Andrew N. Rowan, Franklin M. Loew, Joan C. Weer

Experimentation Collection

The controversy today regarding the use of animals in research appears on the surface to be a strongly polarized struggle between the scientific community and the animal protection movement. However, there is a wide range of opinions and philosophies on both sides. Mistrust between the factions has blossomed while communication has withered. Through the 1960s, 1970s and early 1980s, the animal movement grew in numbers and financial resources, and developed much greater public recognition and political clout. The research community paid relatively little attention to the animal movement for much of this period but, alarmed by several public relations coups …

The Three Rs: The Way Forward, Michael Balls, Alan M. Goldberg, Julia H. Fentem, Caren L. Broadhead, Rex L. Burch, Michael F.W. Festing, John M. Frazier, Coenraad F.M. Hendriksen, Margaret Jennings, Margot D.O. Van Der Kamp, David B. Morton, Andrew N. Rowan, Claire Russell, William M.S. Russell, Horst Spielmann, Martin Stephens, William S. Stokes, Donald W. Straughan, James D. Yager, Joanne Zurlo, Bert F.M. Van Zutphen

Experimentation Collection

This is the report of the eleventh of a series of workshops organised by the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM), which was established in 1991 by the European Commission. ECVAM's main goal, as defined in 1993 by its Scientific Advisory Committee, is to promote the scientific and regulatory acceptance of alternative methods which are of importance to the biosciences and which reduce, refine or replace the use of laboratory animals. One of the first priorities set by ECVAM was the implementation of procedures which would enable it to become well-informed about the state-of-the-art of non-animal test …

How The Rat Turned White, Kenneth J. Shapiro

Experimentation Collection

This is the first in a three-part series on the use of animals in psychological research. In it, I describe how animals got into laboratories in the first place, and their purpose and life there. In the second, I will describe animal model research, the strategy whereby psychologists' develop nonhuman animal models to study human psychopathology. In the concluding piece, I will present a critique of this enterprise, using original data I gathered. The three articles are based on a forthcoming book, Animal Models of Human Psychology: Science, Ethics, and Policy.

Science, Values And Animal Welfare: Exploring The ‘Inextricable Connection’, D. Fraser

Animal Welfare Collection

In conceptualizing animal welfare, it is useful to distinguish among three types of concepts. 'Type l' are single, measurable attributes. 'Type 2' are single attributes that cannot be measured directly but can be estimated by correctly combining various contributing attributes. 'Type 3' are concepts involving multiple attributes which are grouped together because they serve some common function, and whose relative importance cannot be established in an entirely objective way. Individuals who treat animal welfare as a type 1 concept may propose single, objective measures of welfare, such as longevity or levels of stress-related hormones; however, this approach rests on judgements, …

Comprehension Of Cause-Effect Relations In A Tool-Using Task By Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes), Luca Limongelli, Sarah T. Boysen, Elisabetta Visalberghi

Sentience Collection

Five chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) were tested to assess their understanding of causality in a tool task. The task consisted of a transparent tube with a trap-hole drilled in its middle. A reward was randomly placed on either side of the hole. Depending on which side the chimpanzee inserted the stick into, the candy was either pushed out of the tube or into the trap. In Experiment 1, the success rate of 2 chimpanzees rose highly above chance, but that of the other subjects did not. Results show that the 2 successful chimpanzees selected the correct side for insertion beforehand. Experiment …

Responses To Quantity: Perceptual Versus Cognitive Mechanisms In Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes), Sarah T. Boysen, Gary G. Berntson

Sentience Collection

Two chimpanzees were trained to select among 2 different amounts of candy (1-6 items). The task was designed so that selection of either array by the active (selector) chimpanzee resulted in that array being given to the passive (observer) animal, with the remaining (nonselected) array going to the selector. Neither animal was able to select consistently the smaller array, which would reap the larger reward. Rather, both animals preferentially selected the larger array, thereby receiving the smaller number of reinforcers. When Arabic numerals were substituted for the food arrays, however, the selector animal evidenced more optimal performance, immediately selecting the …

Play Signals As Punctuation: The Structure Of Social Play In Canids, Marc Bekoff

Ethology Collection

Actions called play signals have evolved in many species in which social play has been observed. Despite there being only few empirical demonstrations, it generally is accepted that play signals are important in the initiation ("I want to play") and maintenance ("I still want to play") of ongoing social play. In this study I consider whether a specific and highly stereotyped signal, the bow, is used to maintain social play in adult and infant domestic dogs, infant wolves, and infant coyotes.

To answer this question the temporal placement of bows relative to actions that are also used in other contexts …

Vigilance, Flock Size, And Flock Geometry: Information Gathering By Western Evening Grosbeaks (Aves, Fringillidae), Marc Bekoff

Ethology Collection

Vigilance (scanning) and other behavior patterns were studied in free-ranging Evening Grosbeaks (Coccothraustes vespertinus) at feeders to assess how flock size and flock geometry influenced the behavior of individual birds. The present results indicate that the way in which individual grosbeaks are positioned with respect to one another effects many aspects of their behavior, especially when a flock contains four or more birds. Birds in a linear array who have difficulty seeing one another, when compared to individuals organized in a circle who can easily see one another, are (1) more vigilant, (2) change their head and body positions more …

Calling By Domestic Piglets: Reliable Signals Of Need?, Daniel M. Weary, David Fraser

Communication Skills Collection

Two manipulations were performed on domestic piglets to determine whether differences in calling during periods of separation from the mother can indicate differences in need. In both cases, the aim was to manipulate the piglet's need for the sow's attention. In the first manipulation a 'thriving' piglet (i.e. the piglet with the heaviest weight and most rapid weight gain) and a 'non-thriving' one (lightest and slowest weight gain) were selected from each of 15 litters. The two piglets were removed from the sow and litter and recorded for 13 min in separate isolated enclosures. For the second manipulation, two piglets …

Sex And Temperament In Modern Society: A Darwinian View Of The “Glass Ceiling” And The “Gender Gap” In Compensation, Kingsley R. Browne

Law Faculty Research Publications

No abstract provided.

Geographic And Nongeographic Variation In The Genus Microtus (Mammalia: Rodentia) In West Virginia, Tina M. Savage

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Geographic and nongeographic variation was assessed on 12 cranial and 4 external characters in approximately 400 specimens of Microtus (M. ochrogaster, M. chrotorrhinus, M. pinetorum, M. pennsylvanicus) in West Virginia. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were used to examine age-related variation, sexual dimorphism, elevation and geographic variation and litter size for each species of Microtus in the state. Cranial characters were more beneficial than external in detecting variation. Examination of data for each species of Microtus studied demonstrated that values and trends in variation is a specific rather than a generic trait. Age-related variation was present in some, …

Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Gender Patterns In Science Course Enrollment And Course Drop Patterns In An Iowa Senior High School, Sandra L. Stephen, Elizabeth D. Riesz

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

In order to ascertain whether local patterns corresponded to the national trends, which show fewer female and minority students enrolling in and completing high school physical science courses, the Cedar Rapids Community School District studied the course enrollment and drop patterns of seniors in one of the District high schools. Male students predominated in physics and AP Chemistry, and the proportion of males in AP Physics was significantly greater than the proportion of females. The proportion of females in chemistry was significantly greater than their proportion in the senior class. Course dropping patterns revealed a statistically significant relationship between gender …

Effluent Color Removal By Dimethyldioxirane, Lori Jo Shafer

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

This project was done to determine if the chemical dimethyldioxirane was effective in removing color from various effluent types. Experimentation indicated that optimum conditions for color removal by dimethyldioxirane occurred at high pHs, increased temperatures, and applying the chemical in stages.

The Animal Research Controversy: Protest, Process & Public Policy, Andrew N. Rowan, Franklin M. Loew, Joan C. Weer

eBooks

The controversy today regarding the use of animals in research appears on the surface to be a strongly polarized struggle between the scientific community and the animal protection movement. However, there is a wide range of opinions and philosophies on both sides. Mistrust between the factions has blossomed while communication has withered. Through the 1960s, 1970s and early 1980s, the animal movement grew in numbers and financial resources, and developed much greater public recognition and political clout. The research community paid relatively little attention to the animal movement for much of this period but, alarmed by several public relations coups …