Digital Commons Network^™

The Effects Of Torso-Borne Loads On Functional Movement Patterns, Kathryn S. Bell, Jasmine D. Brooks, Kara N. Radzak, Sean W. Mulvenon, Brian K. Schilling

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(7): 975-984, 2024. Functional movement patterns are an important aspect of everyday life, and a growing area of interest for determining the risk of injury and performance ability. Police, military, and fire personnel often carry torso-borne loads that increase the demands on the body while performing occupational tasks. The purpose of this study was to compare movement screen results in both a loaded and unloaded condition to identify potential effects that torso-borne body armor load carriage may have on tactical performance. This provided objective data on the effects that external loads may have on functional …

Urban-Rural Disparities In Food Insecurity And Weight Status Among Children In The United States, Jayna M Dave, Tzuan A Chen, Alexandra N Castro, Mamie A White, Elizabeth A Onugha, Sloane Zimmerman, Debbe Thompson

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Place of residence (urban versus rural) is a contextual determinant of health that has received less attention in the food insecurity literature. The purpose of this study was to assess the urban–rural disparity in the prevalence of food insecurity and weight status among US children. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2016 with three age groups of children (2–5, 6–11, and 12–17 years old), the associations of weight status and child and household food security status by urban–rural residence were examined using Rao–Scott Chi-square tests. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Children living in urban areas were significantly more likely to experience household food insecurity (29.15%) compared to their rural counterparts (19.10%), among those aged 6–11 years. The associations between children’s weight status and child and household food security status were significant for children living in urban areas overall and different age groups but not for children living in rural areas. These trends were more pronounced in older age groups. Given the link between food insecurity and higher obesity rates, particularly among urban children, this study highlights the importance of incorporating food security interventions into future obesity prevention programs.

Antitumor Effects Of Resveratrol Opposing Mechanisms Of Helicobacter Pylori In Gastric Cancer, Daniela Trautmann, Francesca Suazo, Keila Torres, Layla Simón

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Gastric cancer is an aggressive and multifactorial disease. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is identified as a significant etiological factor in gastric cancer. Although only a fraction of patients infected with H. pylori progresses to gastric cancer, bacterial infection is critical in the pathology and development of this malignancy. The pathogenic mechanisms of this bacterium involve the disruption of the gastric epithelial barrier and the induction of chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis and metastasis. Adherence molecules, virulence (CagA and VacA) and colonization (urease) factors are important in its pathogenicity. On the other hand, resveratrol is a natural polyphenol with …

Hur Controls Glutaminase Rna Metabolism, Douglas Adamoski, Larissa M Dos Reis, Ana Carolina Paschoalini Mafra, Felipe Corrêa-Da-Silva, Pedro Manoel Mendes De Moraes-Vieira, Ioana Berindan-Neagoe, George A Calin, Sandra Martha Gomes Dias

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Glutaminase (GLS) is directly related to cell growth and tumor progression, making it a target for cancer treatment. The RNA-binding protein HuR (encoded by the ELAVL1 gene) influences mRNA stability and alternative splicing. Overexpression of ELAVL1 is common in several cancers, including breast cancer. Here we show that HuR regulates GLS mRNA alternative splicing and isoform translation/stability in breast cancer. Elevated ELAVL1 expression correlates with high levels of the glutaminase isoforms C (GAC) and kidney-type (KGA), which are associated with poor patient prognosis. Knocking down ELAVL1 reduces KGA and increases GAC levels, enhances glutamine anaplerosis into the TCA cycle, and …

Expression And Secretion Of Sparc, Fgf-21 And Dcn In Bovine Muscle Cells: Effects Of Age And Differentiation, Katie A. Shira, Kara J. Thornton, Brenda M. Murdoch, Gabrielle M. Becker, Gwinyai E. Chibisa, Gordon K. Murdoch

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Skeletal muscle growth is an economically important trait in the cattle industry. Secreted muscle-derived proteins, referred to as myokines, have important roles in regulating the growth, metabolism, and health of skeletal muscle in human and biomedical research models. Accumulating evidence supports the importance of myokines in skeletal muscle and whole-body health, though little is known about the potential presence and functional significance of these proteins in cattle. This study evaluates and confirms that secreted proteins acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), myostatin (MSTN), and decorin (DCN) are …

Sexually Antagonistic Coevolution Of The Male Nuptial Gift And Female Feeding Behaviour In Decorated Crickets, Samuel Burns-Dunn, Tassie Mortys, Clarissa M. House, Christopher Mitchell, Kristin R. Duffield, Bert Foquet, Ben M. Sadd, Scott K. Sakaluk, John Hunt

Faculty Publications – Biological Sciences

The evolution of nuptial gifts has traditionally been considered a harmonious affair, providing benefits to both mating partners. There is growing evidence, however, that receiving a nuptial gift can be actively detrimental to the female. In decorated crickets (Gryllodes sigillatus), males produce a gelatinous spermatophylax that enhances sperm transfer but provides little nutritional benefit and hinders female post-copulatory mate choice. Here, we examine the sexually antagonistic coevolution of the spermatophylax and the female feeding response to this gift in G. sigillatus maintained in experimental populations with either a male-biased or female-biased adult sex ratio. After 25 generations, males …

Valorization Of Seafood Waste For Food Packaging Development, Zhijing Zhan, Yiming Feng, Jikai Zhao, Mingyu Qiao, Qing Jin

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Packaging plays a crucial role in protecting food by providing excellent mechanical properties as well as effectively blocking water vapor, oxygen, oil, and other contaminants. The low degradation of widely used petroleum-based plastics leads to environmental pollution and poses health risks. This has drawn interest in renewable biopolymers as sustainable alternatives. The seafood industry generates significant waste that is rich in bioactive substances like chitin, chitosan, gelatins, and alginate, which can replace synthetic polymers in food packaging. Although biopolymers offer biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity, their films often lack mechanical and barrier properties compared with synthetic polymer films. This comprehensive review …

High Sugar Diet Alters Immune Function And The Gut Microbiome In Juvenile Green Iguanas (Iguana Iguana), Kwanho C. Ki, Erin L. Lewis, Elizabeth Wu, Francis J. Oliaro, Lise M. Aubry, Charles R. Knapp, Karen M. Kapheim, Dale Denardo, Susannah S. French

Biology Faculty Publications

The present work aimed to study whether a high sugar diet can alter immune responses and the gut microbiome in green iguanas. Thirty-six iguanas were split into four treatment groups using a 2x2 design. Iguanas received either a sugar-supplemented diet or a control diet, and either a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection or a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) injection. Iguanas were given their respective diet treatment through the entire study (~3 months) and received a primary immune challenge 1 and 2 months into the experiment. Blood samples and cloacal swabs were taken at various points in the experiment and used to measure changes …

Blood Lactate Steady State During Interval Training: New Perspectives On Something Already Known, Juan Carlos Mazza, Raúl Ricardo Festa, Alvaro N. Gurovich, Sebastián Jannas-Vela

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(2): 941-953, 2024. The purpose of this study was to confirm that blood lactate concentrations can be maintained at moderate to high steady state values during an entire interval training (IT) session (repetitions + rest). Forty-eight trained swimmers and track athletes performed four IT protocols consisting of 6-10 bouts between 1 and 3-min at ~5-10 mmol/L blood lactate concentrations with a passive recovery of 60 to 180-sec. Performance times were measured at every bout, while blood lactate concentrations and heart rate during recovery every other bout. One-way ANOVA was performed for comparisons and r-squared for …

Disambiguation Of Aerococcus Urinae Species Diversity, Brian Ian Choi

Dissertations

Aerococcus urinae is an uncommon inhabitant of the human urogenital tract. The Gram-positive bacterium has been implicated in a wide range of urinary tract diseases that, if left untreated or undiagnosed, can progress to severe disease such as infective endocarditis. Comparative analysis of 115 A. urinae isolates from infection episodes of urinary tract infection, bacteremia, infective endocarditis, urgency urinary incontinence, stress urinary incontinence, interstitial cystitis / painful bladder syndrome, and asymptomatic individuals reveal substantial diversity with respect to predicted virulence factors, metabolism, and observed biofilm behavior. Through whole genome sequencing analysis, these strains can be reorganized into six new taxonomic …

Media Optimization Techniques For Microalgae Through Technological Advancements: A Mini Review, Khairul A. Radzun, Hasan M. Agha, Nur Farrahim F. Abdullah, Mas I. Ahmad, Igor Ivanovski, Amjad A. Mohammed, Abdulmutalib Alabeed Alkamil

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

Microalgae have been classified as the most primitive plant species and the ability to grow rapidly makes it very suitable for biomass cultivation by using different technologies over the past years. Microalgal biomass can be used for various productions such as biofuels, food, supplements, and more as it is categorized as environmentally friendly throughout the cultivation process. Nutrients play one of the most important roles in cultivating microalgae besides other factors such as temperature, pH, salinity, inorganic carbon, oxygen, light intensity, and carbon dioxide availability. The technology has become much more advanced in cultivating microalgae for maximizing lipid or biomass …

Consequences Of Global Climate Change On Biodiversity And Food Security: A Mini Review, Hasan M. Agha, Abdulmutalib Alabeed Alkamil, Rana Tariq Yahya, Amjad Abdulhadi Mohammed, Zaid Tahseen Ali, Muneer Mohammed Saleh Alsayadi

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

A thriving eco-system and abundant species diversity are crucial for all forms of life on Earth. Whether or not the climate remains stable has a direct impact on biodiversity and the ecosystem services that are provided by that diversity. There is a strong correlation between biodiversity and food security, and this is influencing how the impact of biodiversity on climate change is felt. Changes in the duration of the growth season for plants, the distribution of arable lands, and the availability of high-quality water are all ways in which climate change impacts agriculture. There will be numerous positive effects on …

The Importance, Issues And Challenges Of Large Mammal's Conservation In Malaysia, Hasan M. Agha, Abdulmutalib Alabeed Alkamil, Suqi Wang, Abbas Ismayilov, Amjad Abdulhadi Mohammed

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

Malaysia's biodiversity is one of the most important factors that have made the country a habitat for numerous species. Where the tropical climate and rainforests provide an ideal habitat for numerous plants and animals. Massive mammals are among the most important creatures found in Malaysia, and the Malaysian peninsula is home to unique species of mammals. Due to the modification of their living environment, urban development, urban expansion, and population growth have significantly reduced the number of these mammals. Damage to habitats and a decline in large mammal populations have had far-reaching consequences for the ecosystem, with the potential for …

Native Seed Scoop, 2024 Summer Edition, University Of Northern Iowa. Tallgrass Prairie Center.

Native Seed Scoop

Contents:

--- Upcoming Events
--- Spring Meeting Recaps
--- Native Seed Partnerships
--- Update from the Northeast Seed Network
--- Forming a Midwest Native Seed Network
--- Farm Bill Progress
--- TPC Plant Materials Updates
--- New Species in Propagation
--- 2023-24 Student Research Presentations

Ocular Gene Transfer In The Spotlight: Implications Of Newspaper Content For Clinical Communications, Shelly Benjaminy, Tania M. Bubela

Office of the Provost

Background: Ocular gene transfer clinical trials are raising hopes for blindness treatments and attracting media attention. News media provide an accessible health information source for patients and the public, but are often criticized for overemphasizing benefits and underplaying risks of novel biomedical interventions. Overly optimistic portrayals of unproven interventions may influence public and patient expectations; the latter may cause patients to downplay risks and over-emphasize benefits, with implications for informed consent for clinical trials. We analyze the news media communications landscape about ocular gene transfer and make recommendations for improving communications between clinicians and potential trial participants in light of …

Expanding Time Covered For Medical Nutrition Therapy: A Need For Clear Reporting On The Intensity Of Nutrition Interventions, Rosa K. Hand

Faculty Scholarship

Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) is an evidence-based health care service that helps people improve their food and nutrition habits to positively influence health outcomes and quality of life, and is part of a suite of complementary interventions that can be implemented for effective disease prevention and management. However, the dose (ie, length and number of sessions) of MNT that is covered by health care payers in outpatient settings is highly variable and may not be adequate to achieve the desired clinical outcomes and cost savings. Interest in improving access to adequate doses of MNT provided by registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs), …

Forage News [2024-07], University Of Kentucky

Forage News

No abstract provided.

Growing South Dakota (Summer 2024), College Of Agriculture, Food And Environmental Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

[Page] 2 Hayengas endow department head of animal science
[Page] 4 Reese named Klingbeil Endowed Educator
[Page] 5 SDSU Rodeo at Nationals
[Page] 6 Nwadike leading Department of Dairy and Food Science
[Page] 8 Hansen serving as 2024 Hobo Day Grand Pooba
[Page] 10 The scoop on the Davis Dairy Plant
[Page] 14 Research shows value in change
[Page] 16 Legacy of 'Yellow Ore, Yellow Hair, Yellow Pine'
[Page] 20 SDSU beef team grows
[Page] 22 SDSU Extension supporting local foods movement
[Page] 24 Bolstering rural child care needs
[Page] 26 Feeding kids great food
[Page] 27 Education Abroad takes …

Exploring The Functional Significance Of A Yap1 Missense Variant Of Uncertain Significance In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Nathan Jones

Theses

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex disorder with various implications, such as polycystic ovaries, visceral obesity, and increased risk of cancer. YAP1 was recently identified as a gene of interest in the development of PCOS. Researchers have established that single nucleotide variants in YAP1 are likely to play a role in PCOS development. This project aims to provide insight into the potential impact of a YAP1 variant of uncertain significance (VUS). Studies in C. elegans have established yap-1 as a nematode ortholog for human YAP1. A YAP1 VUS was identified through ClinVar, YAP1 c.1015A>G (p.Asn339Asp). Evolutionary conservation …

Effects Of Vitis Vinifera L. Seed Extract On Short-Term Memory Of Amyloid-Beta-Mediated Neurodegeneration In Transgenic Caenorhabditis Elegans, Elise Patrick

Theses

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition that is a common cause of dementia and a growing concern worldwide with no effective treatment or cure. Two pathological AD hallmarks include buildup of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Recent attention has turned to exploring natural products and compounds for AD symptom relief and treatment. Vitis vinifera grape seed extract (GSE) contains many beneficial substances. GSE has been tested in several animal models and has shown to improve memory and is even being examined in an AD treatment human clinical trial. In this study, the aim was …

Management Options For A Frosted Crop, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Grains and other field crops factsheets

There are numerous options for managing crops that have been frosted. The following table highlights these options and the pros and cons of each. The suitability of each option depends on the severity of the frost, what can be done at the cheapest cost and give best return on investment, and maximising weed control.

Characterization And Evaluation Of Bacteriophages Φpa-C And Φpa-Tc Infecting Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Joanne Harrison

Master's Theses

Pseudomonas aeruginosa are prevalent opportunistic bacterial pathogens that cause nosocomial infections in at-risk individuals. The rise of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa poses an immense threat to hospitals. Additionally, P. aeruginosa are common food spoilage organisms that contribute to food waste. Alternative effective treatment methods are needed to improve public health and reduce food waste. Recent studies have shown that bacteriophages, viruses that only kill host-specific bacteria, are promising alternatives. This study characterizes two lytic P. aeruginosa phages, ΦPa-C and ΦPa-Tc, and evaluates their efficacy against P. aeruginosa in two model food systems. The morphology, genome, structural proteins, host range, growth kinetics, …

Dose-Dependent Effects Of Dnmt3a In An Inducible Murine Model Of Krasg12d-Driven Leukemia, Jason H Rogers, Allison Rosen, Jaime M Reyes, Shamika Ketkar, Shannon E Conneely, Rohit Gupta, Luibin Yang, Matthew B Miller, Geraldo Medrano, Rogelio Aguilar, Nneka Uchenda, Margaret A Goodell, Rachel E Rau

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

DNMT3A mutations are frequently found in clonal hematopoiesis and a variety of hematologic malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). An assortment of mouse models have been engineered to explore the tumorigenic potential and malignant lineage bias due to loss of function of DNMT3A in consort with commonly co-mutated genes in myeloid malignancies such as Flt3, Nras, Kras, and c-Kit. We employed several tamoxifen-inducible Cre-ER^T2 murine model systems to study the effects of constitutively active Kras^G12D-driven myeloid leukemia (Kras) development together with heterozygous (3aHet) or homozygous Dnmt3a deletion (3aKO). Due to the rapid generation of …

Effects Of Laccase And Transglutaminase On The Physicochemical And Functional Properties Of Hybrid Lupin And Whey Protein Powder, Teguh Santoso, Thao M. Ho, Geerththana Vinothsankar, Kirsi Jouppila, Tony Chen, Adrian Owens, Masoumeh Pourseyed Lazarjani, Mustafa M. Farouk, Michelle L. Colgrave, Don Otter, Rothman Kam, Thao T. Le

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Plant-based protein is considered a sustainable protein source and has increased in demand recently. However, products containing plant-based proteins require further modification to achieve the desired functionalities akin to those present in animal protein products. This study aimed to investigate the effects of enzymes as cross-linking reagents on the physicochemical and functional properties of hybrid plant- and animal-based proteins in which lupin and whey proteins were chosen as representatives, respectively. They were hybridised through enzymatic cross-linking using two laccases (laccase R, derived from Rhus vernicifera and laccase T, derived from Trametes versicolor) and transglutaminase (TG). The cross-linking experiments were conducted …

Louisiana Agriculture Magazine, Summer 2024, Lsu Agcenter

Louisiana Agriculture

When the first agricultural experiment stations were founded in Louisiana more than 130 years ago, researchers focused on ways to improve the lives of farmers across the state. They found the best methods for raising cash crops and livestock along with the fruits and vegetables grown to feed the average rural family. Today the LSU AgCenter maintains that long legacy of research and expands its scope.

This issue of Louisiana Agriculture acknowledges those who helped establish the system of research and extension that would grow into the AgCenter. In addition to these articles, the scientists and staff at the AgCenter …

Rethinking Food Loss And Waste To Promote Sustainable Resource Use And Climate Change Mitigation In Agri-Food Systems: A Review, Bashir Adelodun, Oyebankole O. Agbelusi, Tammara Soma, Golden Odey, Qudus Adeyi, Pankaj Kumar, Fidelis Odedishem Ajibade, Madhumita Goala, Luis Felipe Oliveira Silva

Arusha Climate and Environmental Research Centre

The sustainable agri-food system is an important sector recognized for promoting the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals on food security, resource conservation and climate change mitigation. However, the increasing food loss and waste (FLW) along the supply chains has continued to hinder these goals. This study evaluates the trend of FLW research from 1975 to 2022 and how it promotes the achievement of resource and environmental sustainability in agri-food systems. The salient research themes and hotspots that are of interest to researchers were identified. Bibliometric and network analyses were carried out on scholarly research articles from the Scopus database using …

Development Of Anti-Fibrotic Agents For Potential Use In Glaucoma Filtration Surgery To Prevent Scar Formation, Nikhala Shree S

Theses and Dissertations

Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness with irreversible vision loss. It is marked by the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells, which results in optic nerve head damage. Intraocular pressure (IOP) is a prime risk factor of glaucoma controlled by various treatment regimens i.e., medication, laser, and/ or surgery. It is reported that longterm exposure to anti-glaucoma medications (AGM) may subtle the surgical success rate leading to postoperative fibrosis. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a growth factor that plays an important role in the development of glaucoma and promotes fibrosis.

This study is aimed at developing peptides to …

Type-2 Diabetes, Pancreatic Amylin, And Neuronal Metabolic Remodeling In Alzheimer's Disease, Noah Leibold, James R. Bain, Florin Despa

Neurology Faculty Publications

Type-2 diabetes raises the risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-type dementia and the conversion from mild cognitive impairment to dementia, yet mechanisms connecting type-2 diabetes to AD remain largely unknown. Amylin, a pancreatic 𝜷-cell hormone co-secreted with insulin, participates in the central regulation of satiation, but also forms pancreatic amyloid in persons with type-2 diabetes and synergistically interacts with brain amyloid 𝜷 (A𝜷) pathology, in both sporadic and familial Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Growing evidence from studies of tumor growth, together with early observations in skeletal muscle, indicates amylin as a potential trigger of cellular metabolic reprogramming. Because the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, …

Examining Dietary Disparities And Associated Factors Among Young Children Across Diverse Racial, Ethnic And Immigrant Households In Nebraska, Naveta Bhatti

College of Education and Human Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Early childhood is a crucial stage for developing eating behaviors which in turn plays a major role in determining health outcomes. Assessing children’s diet plays a crucial role in tackling the obesity epidemic. One of the ways to assess children’s dietary intake is by evaluating their dietary quality. Dietary quality refers to the overall healthfulness and nutritional value of an individual's diet, considering the combination of foods consumed over time. Research has consistently demonstrated that a high-quality diet is associated with a reduced risk of several health issues, such as all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease incidence or mortality, cancer incidence or …

Performance Fatigability And Neuromuscular Responses During And After One Set Of Forearm Flexion Muscle Actions To Failure At 30% Versus 70% One-Repetition Maximum In Men And Women, Tyler Joseph Neltner

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

Previous studies have examined sex differences in performance fatigability during isometric, isokinetic and controlled dynamic constant external resistance (DCER) fatiguing tasks (FT), however, whether those sex differences remain during maximal intended velocity (MIV) DCER muscle actions remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the sex-related differences in the time course of fatigue, neuromuscular responses, and coactivation from the ipsilateral and contralateral limbs during MIV DCER muscle actions to failure at low versus high relative loads, as well as performance fatigability from pre- to post-testing. Twenty-seven college-aged men (n = 14) and women (n = 13) …