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Inter-Kingdom Communication And The Sympoietic Way Of Life, Scott F. Gilbert Jul 2024

Inter-Kingdom Communication And The Sympoietic Way Of Life, Scott F. Gilbert

Biology Faculty Works

Organisms are now seen as holobionts, consortia of several species that interact metabolically such that they sustain and scaffold each other’s existence and propagation. Sympoiesis, the development of the symbiotic relationships that form holobionts, is critical for our understanding the origins and maintenance of biodiversity. Rather than being the read-out of a single genome, development has been found to be sympoietic, based on multigenomic interactions between zygote-derived cells and symbiotic microbes. These symbiotic and sympoietic interactions are predicated on the ability of cells from different kingdoms of life (e.g., bacteria and animals) to communicate with one another and to have …

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Improved Whole-Mount Immunofluorescence Protocol For Consistent And Robust Labeling Of Adult Drosophilamelanogaster Adipose Tissue, Rachael K. Ott, Isaiah H. Williams, Alissa R. Armstrong Jul 2024

Improved Whole-Mount Immunofluorescence Protocol For Consistent And Robust Labeling Of Adult Drosophilamelanogaster Adipose Tissue, Rachael K. Ott, Isaiah H. Williams, Alissa R. Armstrong

Faculty Publications

Energy storage and endocrine functions of the Drosophila fat body make it an excellent model for elucidating mechanisms that underlie physiological and pathophysiological organismal metabolism. Combined with Drosophila's robust genetic and immunofluorescence microscopy toolkits, studies of Drosophila fat body function are ripe for cell biological analysis. Unlike the larval fat body, which is easily removed as a single, cohesive sheet of tissue, isolating intact adult fat body proves to be more challenging, thus hindering consistent immunofluorescence labeling even within a single piece of adipose tissue. Here, we describe an improved approach to handling Drosophila abdomens that ensures full access of …

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Detection And Quantification Of Acetaminophen In Aquatic Samples From Cádiz, Spain, Hannah R. Desmarais, Michelle N. Mikos Jul 2024

Detection And Quantification Of Acetaminophen In Aquatic Samples From Cádiz, Spain, Hannah R. Desmarais, Michelle N. Mikos

DePaul Discoveries

Pharmaceutical contaminants in water are becoming increasingly prevalent. This could have potentially harmful effects on human health and aquatic environments, even at low concentrations. Acetaminophen, the active ingredient of Tylenol ®, was the target compound for this study, and the aim was to determine is presence and concentration in various aquatic samples in and around the city of Cádiz, Spain. It was predicted that acetaminophen would be detected in low concentrations in river water, drain outflow, University of Cádiz saltwater flow, and lagoon water, but undetectable in the University of Cádiz sink water and fountain water. The presence and concentration …

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Tsg-6+ Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Modulate Myeloid Cell Responses And Impair Anti-Tumor Response To Immune Checkpoint Therapy In Pancreatic Cancer, Swetha Anandhan, Shelley Herbrich, Sangeeta Goswami, Baoxiang Guan, Yulong Chen, Marc Daniel Macaluso, Sonali Jindal, Seanu Meena Natarajan, Samuel W Andrewes, Liangwen Xiong, Ashwat Nagarajan, Sreyashi Basu, Derek Ng Tang, Jielin Liu, Jimin Min, Anirban Maitra, Padmanee Sharma Jul 2024

Tsg-6+ Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Modulate Myeloid Cell Responses And Impair Anti-Tumor Response To Immune Checkpoint Therapy In Pancreatic Cancer, Swetha Anandhan, Shelley Herbrich, Sangeeta Goswami, Baoxiang Guan, Yulong Chen, Marc Daniel Macaluso, Sonali Jindal, Seanu Meena Natarajan, Samuel W Andrewes, Liangwen Xiong, Ashwat Nagarajan, Sreyashi Basu, Derek Ng Tang, Jielin Liu, Jimin Min, Anirban Maitra, Padmanee Sharma

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Resistance to immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) presents a growing clinical challenge. The tumor microenvironment (TME) and its components, namely tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), play a pivotal role in ICT resistance; however, the underlying mechanisms remain under investigation. In this study, we identify expression of TNF-Stimulated Factor 6 (TSG-6) in ICT-resistant pancreatic tumors, compared to ICT-sensitive melanoma tumors, both in mouse and human. TSG-6 is expressed by CAFs within the TME, where suppressive macrophages expressing Arg1, Mafb, and Mrc1, along with TSG-6 ligand Cd44, predominate. Furthermore, TSG-6 expressing CAFs co-localize with the CD44 expressing macrophages in the TME. …

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Spatial And Temporal Nesting Pattern Of Sea Turtles In Alas Purwo National Park, And Itsimplications For Conservation Management Practices, Nia Kurniawan, Novita Kusuma Wardani, Noviyani Utami, Muhammad Asyraf Rijalullah, Miftah Farid Assiddiqy, Awang Gitayana, Hartono Hartono, Muhammad Fathoni, Andreas Bandang Hardian Jul 2024

Spatial And Temporal Nesting Pattern Of Sea Turtles In Alas Purwo National Park, And Itsimplications For Conservation Management Practices, Nia Kurniawan, Novita Kusuma Wardani, Noviyani Utami, Muhammad Asyraf Rijalullah, Miftah Farid Assiddiqy, Awang Gitayana, Hartono Hartono, Muhammad Fathoni, Andreas Bandang Hardian

Turkish Journal of Zoology

As a sea turtle conservation area, Alas Purwo National Park (APNP) shows different patterns in the four species of turtles thathave nesting records, such as an increase in Olive Ridley Turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea), stability in Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas), anda decline in Hawksbill Turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) and Leatherback Turtle (Dermochelys coriacea). During the survey, which lastedfrom January to July 2023, we discovered that each type of sea turtle preferred nesting sites at specific hypothetical stations, except forthe L. olivacea, which nested at all hypothetical stations along Pancur-Cungur Coast. We also discovered that it is highly encouragedto continue relocations that have …

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Native Grasslands Of Yugoslavia As A Potential For "Biologically High Quality Food" Production - To Be Preserved And Used For The Benefit Of All, Djordjevic-Milosevic Suzana, Negovanovic Dragan, Zakonovic Miodrag Jul 2024

Native Grasslands Of Yugoslavia As A Potential For "Biologically High Quality Food" Production - To Be Preserved And Used For The Benefit Of All, Djordjevic-Milosevic Suzana, Negovanovic Dragan, Zakonovic Miodrag

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Natural grasslands are the base of the livestock production in the hilly-mountainous regions of Yugoslavia. Poor economic power of the owners of these areas brought about a complete dying out of agricultural production in these regions in the last few years. In the same time, the lack of financial resources made it impossible for the farmers to use the fertilisers, protective and other chemical agents which result in a high degree of environmental preservation. Due to current economic policy at this time the population has moved out and there is no industrialisation. The revival of agriculture on the hilly-mountainous regions …

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Beef Cattle Production On Renovated Grass Pastures In Savannas Of Brazil, V.P B. Euclides, M.C M. Macedo, M P. Oliveira Jul 2024

Beef Cattle Production On Renovated Grass Pastures In Savannas Of Brazil, V.P B. Euclides, M.C M. Macedo, M P. Oliveira

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A 3-year grazing trial was conducted, to study animal production on degraded grass pastures, renovated by two levels of fertilization. All paddocks were divided into halves: one received 1.5 t/ha of dolomitic limestone, 400 kg/ha of a fertilizer formula 0-16-18 and 50 kg/ha of microelements (FL1); and the other 3.0 t/ha , 800 kg/ha and 50 kg/ ha of the same fertilizers (FL2). Productivity on FL2 pastures was greater than that on FL1 pastures, averaging 565 and 395 kg of liveweight gain (LWG)/ha/year, respectively. For all grasses the productivity in both fertilizer treatments decreased linearly from the first to the …

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Characteristics Of Grass Species In Pasture For High Producing Cows In Northern Japan, K Sudo, K Ochiai, T Ikeda Jul 2024

Characteristics Of Grass Species In Pasture For High Producing Cows In Northern Japan, K Sudo, K Ochiai, T Ikeda

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The prupose of this research was to investigate characteristics of grass species under different conditions appropriate to the intensive grazing system for high producing cows (8000 kg for a 305-day lactation) in northern Japan. Meadow fescue (Festuca elatior L.), timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perene L.) white clover (Trifolium repens L.) pastures were established and divided into two plots by difference of regulated plant height (meadow fescue and timothy) or of stocking intensity (perennial ryegrass). Each plot was 60m2 and was grazed when plant height reached 20cm or 30cm. Meadow fescue and perennial …

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Strategic Use Of Brachiaria Decumbens Pasture To Beef Heifers During Dry Season, E G. Cardoso, N F. Seiffert, J Marques Da Silva, V.P. B. Euclides, J M. Vieira Jul 2024

Strategic Use Of Brachiaria Decumbens Pasture To Beef Heifers During Dry Season, E G. Cardoso, N F. Seiffert, J Marques Da Silva, V.P. B. Euclides, J M. Vieira

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The main objective of this study was to evaluate a Brachiaria decumbens pasture, instead of a common rangeland, for zebu beef heifers during the dry season of the year as a means of anticipating the first calving age from four to three years of age, and so improve the production rate of the herd. Daily liveweight gains (DLWG) were analyzed for the effects of year and three stocking rates during the dry season (SR1=1.5; SR2=2.0 and SR3=2.5 head/ha). The main effect on heifers DLWG was the year (P<0.01), but SR was also important (P<0.05), mainly during the last half of the dry season when pastures are under severe constraints such as soil moisture deficit and low temperatures. The lowest SR presented the highest DLWG (0.204a, 0.174ab and 0.145b kg/head, respectively for SR1, SR2 and SR3), during the dry season. If climatic conditions are not exceptionally bad, heifer first calving occurs at 37 months of age when reared on B. decumbens.

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Intensive Rotational Grazing Systems For Dairying In A Subtropical Environment: Animal, Plant, And Soil Responses, J H. Fike, C R. Staples, L E. Sollenberger, D A. Graetz Jul 2024

Intensive Rotational Grazing Systems For Dairying In A Subtropical Environment: Animal, Plant, And Soil Responses, J H. Fike, C R. Staples, L E. Sollenberger, D A. Graetz

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Forage species, stocking rate, and supplementation rate effects upon performance of lactating dairy cows were studied. Forage mass and nutritive value and nutrient concentration in shallow groundwater also were measured. Cows (n = 44) grazed bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) or rhizoma peanut (Arachis glabrata), stocked at 4.9 or 7.4 cows ha-1, and 2.5 or 4.9 cows ha-1, respectively. Pelleted concentrate:whole cottonseed (80:20) was offered twice daily post milking at 1 kg per 2 or 3 kg of daily milk production. Cows grazing rhizoma peanut produced more (P = .076) milk per day but had greater (P = …

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Intake Of High Producing Holstein Cows Grazing Pasture Or Fed A Total Mixed Ration, E S. Kolver, L D. Muller Jul 2024

Intake Of High Producing Holstein Cows Grazing Pasture Or Fed A Total Mixed Ration, E S. Kolver, L D. Muller

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The ability of a pasture diet to support a high dry matter intake without supplementary feed was determined using 16 high producing Holstein cows. Cows (n=8) were adapted to an all-pasture diet by incrementally reducing the amount of total mixed ration (TMR) fed over four weeks. A control group of cows (n=8) remained in confinement and were fed a TMR. Performance of grazing cows differed significantly (P < 0.001) from TMR fed cows by intake (19.0 vs. 23.4 kg DM/d), milk production (29.6 vs. 44.1 kg/d), milk protein content (2.61 vs. 2.80%), liveweight (562.1 vs. 597.3 kg), and condition score (2.02 vs. 2.50). Results indicate that intake of good quality pasture is higher than previously estimated for high producing Holstein cows in the USA, but that milk production is 15 kg/d less than when cows are fed a TMR.

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Cattle Production And Botanical Composition In Continuously Stocked Grass-Clover Swards, A Elgersma, H Schlepers Jul 2024

Cattle Production And Botanical Composition In Continuously Stocked Grass-Clover Swards, A Elgersma, H Schlepers

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The performance of grass-clover mixtures was evaluated under cattle grazing, and the relations between grass variety, clover content and animal production were studied during four years at three locations. The prostrate diploid perennial ryegrass variety formed a dense sward with less clover and less weeds than the tetraploid or the erect diploid ryegrass varieties, which contained about the same amount of clover in the mixture. The ryegrass tiller density was lowest in the tetraploid. These differences between mixtures were not reflected in differences in animal performance or net energy production.

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Sheep Production On An Annual And Perennial Pasture In Southwest Australia, P Sanford, J Gladman, L Cransberg Jul 2024

Sheep Production On An Annual And Perennial Pasture In Southwest Australia, P Sanford, J Gladman, L Cransberg

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Sheep production on an annual and perennial pasture stocked at 11.5 dse/ha, was compared in a mediterranen environment at Manypeaks in Western Australia. The annual sward comprised of 48% subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.), 20 % annual grasses (Lolium rigidum Gaudin, Hordeum leporinum Link, Vulpia bromoides (L.) S.F. Gray) and 32% capeweed (Arctotheca calendula L.). The perennial sward was 19% kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum), 36% subterranean clover, 43% annual grasses (Lolium rigidum Gaudin, Hordeum leporinum Link, Vulpia bromoides (L.) S.F. Gray) and only 2% capeweed which was displaced by kikuyu. Both pasture types had similar growth …

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Intensive Grazing Management For Dairy Heifers, J R. Rodgers Jul 2024

Intensive Grazing Management For Dairy Heifers, J R. Rodgers

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

After grazing our milking herd on intensive rotational grazing for three years utilizing many paddocks and different types and configurations of fencing to control the wise use of the grass and legume species already on our farm, we moved to develop our second farm into a commercial heifer growing project. This paper will attempt to share our practical experience through three years of grazing upwards of 400 Ayrshire and Holstein heifers from six months of age until just prior to calving. Our ultimate objective is year end financial solvency.

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Pasture Production And Weaned Heifer Performance From Tropical Grasses, P Mislevy, F M. Pate, F G. Martin, L M. Rutter Jul 2024

Pasture Production And Weaned Heifer Performance From Tropical Grasses, P Mislevy, F M. Pate, F G. Martin, L M. Rutter

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The purpose of this experiment is to determine the influence of energy supplement (molasses 80% and cottonseed meal 20% slurry) fed to heifers while grazing Florico and Florona stargrass (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst var nlemfuensis) and Florakirk bermudagrass (C. dactylon) pastures. Stocking rate of heifers was 5.9 animals ha- 1 averaging 230 kg. Heifers were rotated weekly and were on a 4 pasture rotation. Grasses were allowed a 3-wk regrowth period. Mean forage growth rate cycle-1 day-1 was not different (P>0.05) between grasses; however Florico and Florona yielded 8 and 21% more cycle- 1 than Florakirk. Mean herbage …

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Pasture Heterogeneity Created By Grazing Of Cattle Biotypes With Different Body Size, M S. Cid, M A. Brizuela, M S. Aello, C Ferri Jul 2024

Pasture Heterogeneity Created By Grazing Of Cattle Biotypes With Different Body Size, M S. Cid, M A. Brizuela, M S. Aello, C Ferri

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Cattle grazing leads to the generation of patches differing in forage quality and quantity even in virtually monoespecific pastures. This work assesses the effect of two biotypes of different growth rate and mature body weight on the patchiness of a tall fescue pasture. We analysed height, herbage mass by unit surface, and proportions of heavily and lightly utilized patches through a residual herbage mass gradient generated by both biotypes at four stocking rates from March to December. At the end of spring the residual herbage of paddocks grazed by the small biotype was more heterogeneous. The percentage of heavily utilized …

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Forage Productivity And Animal Performance On Different Grass/Legume Pastures For Grazing Management, Sung Seo, Joung Kyong Lee, Dong Eun Shin Jul 2024

Forage Productivity And Animal Performance On Different Grass/Legume Pastures For Grazing Management, Sung Seo, Joung Kyong Lee, Dong Eun Shin

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A grazing trial was carried out to determine the effects of different grass/legume pastures on forage productivity, nutritive value, and animal performance. The pasture mixtures were mainly orchardgrass (OG)+ladino clover(T1), mainly OG+alfalfa(T2), mainly perennial ryegrass+alfalfa(T3), and grasses alone (mainly OG, T4). The pastures were rotationally grazed 7 times with growing heifers in 1991 and 1992. The proportion rate of ladino clover in T1 mixtures rapidly increased from 21% up 54 to 68% during the grazing season. However, the rate of alfalfa in T2 and T3 ranged between 12% and 23%. The annual dry matter yield ranged from 9.19 in T4 …

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Beef Production From Grazed Grass And Grass/Clover Swards, Edward G. O'Riordan Jul 2024

Beef Production From Grazed Grass And Grass/Clover Swards, Edward G. O'Riordan

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

grazed grass (fertiliser nitrogen treated) and grass/clover swards, during two grazing seasons which extended from early-April until mid-November. Both permanent (Treatments A, B and C) and reseeded (Treatment D, E and F) swards were respectively stocked with 3000, 2500 and 2000 kg liveweight/ha in Spring using fifteen steers/treatment (liveweight = 570kg/head). There were small and generally non-significant treatment effects on final liveweight in both years, but heavier carcasses were observed on the reseeded swards (P<0.05). Clover based swards (Treatments B, C and E, F) produced heavier carcasses (P<0.05) than the nitrogen fertilised grass swards (Treatments A and D). Pasture production ranged from 7540 to 10,469 and from 6360 to 11,606 kg DM/ha in year 1 and 2 respectively, with highest yields being observed on the nitrogen fertilised treatment and on the reseeded swards.

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Cattle Weight Gain And Sward-Animal Nitrogen Relationships In Grazed Hemarthria Altissima Pastures, L E. Sollenberger, G F. Lima, J F. Holderbaum, W E. Kunkle, J E. Moore, A C. Hammond Jul 2024

Cattle Weight Gain And Sward-Animal Nitrogen Relationships In Grazed Hemarthria Altissima Pastures, L E. Sollenberger, G F. Lima, J F. Holderbaum, W E. Kunkle, J E. Moore, A C. Hammond

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Limpograss (Hemarthria altissima [Poir.] Stapf et C.E. Hubb.) in vitro digestion is greater than most perennial grasses adapted to Florida. Weight gain of cattle grazing limpograss has been lower than expected due in part to low herbage N concentration. Experiments were conducted on limpograss pastures to assess N fertilization, overseeding of the legume aeschynomene (Aeschynomene americana L), and feeding of N supplements to cattle as means of overcoming this limitation. Greater N fertilization, overseeding aeschynomene, and supplementation (corn-urea mixtures) increased weight gain 0.30, 0.23, and 0.24-0.35 kg d-1, respectively, over control treatments. Herbage digestible organic matter:crude protein ratio …

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White Clover Content In New Zealand Pastures Affects Milksolids Production, S` L. Harris, D A. Clark Jul 2024

White Clover Content In New Zealand Pastures Affects Milksolids Production, S` L. Harris, D A. Clark

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

As a preliminary experiment to measuring milksolids (fat plus protein) production of dairy cattle grazing swards containing different levels of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) nine Jersey and nine Friesian cattle housed indoors during late lactation and fed diets containing either 20, 50 or 80% white clover with the balance perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). During the first 10 day measurement period cows were fed ad libitum and during the second 10 days feeding was restricted to 75% of metabolisable energy requirement. Milk yields of cows fed 50 and 80% clover were 18% and 10% greater than for …

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Pasture Species Effects On Animal Performance, T J. Fraser, S=J S. Rowarth, T L. Knight Jul 2024

Pasture Species Effects On Animal Performance, T J. Fraser, S=J S. Rowarth, T L. Knight

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Increasing concerns about food quality have resulted in investigations into the effects of different forage species on animal production and carcass quality. Pure species plots of high-endophyte ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), white clover (Trifolium repens L.), chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) or lotus (Lotus corniculatus L.) were established and lambs grazed the species for 120 days during summer. Pasture species influenced growth rate, hot carcass weight, GR, wool growth, faecal egg counts, adult nematodes at slaughter, and sheep meat odour and flavour. Lambs grazing white clover, lotus or chicory outperformed those grazing …

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Effect Of Grazing Pressure And Supplemental Level On Weight Gain In Dairy Heifers, J M. Mieres, Y M. Acosta Jul 2024

Effect Of Grazing Pressure And Supplemental Level On Weight Gain In Dairy Heifers, J M. Mieres, Y M. Acosta

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

An experiment designed to assess the effect of two grazing pressures (GP, expressed as kg MS/100 kg LW) and four levels of supplement (0, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 expressed as kg/100 kg LW) fed to yearling heifers (212 kg) on live weight gain, was carried out at the Dairy Unit of INIA La Estanzuela (Uruguay). The experiment consisted of 8 treatments. Forty animals were used in the experiment, 5 per treatment, each animal being a replication of the treatment. The animals were blocked by weight in 5 blocks of 8 animals each, and then randomly assigned to the different treatments. …

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Grazing Systems Research In The Falkland Islands, J A. Kerr Jul 2024

Grazing Systems Research In The Falkland Islands, J A. Kerr

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Conceptual models of both the metabolisable energy (ME) balance of sheep in relation to the environment and the effects heavy grazing on vegetation and soils will form the basis for the development of a sustainable grazing system for wool production in the Falkland Islands. Research which integrates plant community ecology, agricultural meteorology, sheep energetics, grazing systems and socio-economics is described.

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Wool Production From Annual Pastures Intensively Grazed By Wethers In Southern Western Australia, M W. Hyder, A N. Thompson, P T. Doyle, M Grimm, P J. Michael Jul 2024

Wool Production From Annual Pastures Intensively Grazed By Wethers In Southern Western Australia, M W. Hyder, A N. Thompson, P T. Doyle, M Grimm, P J. Michael

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Intensively grazing annual pastures in southern Western Australia to target amounts of feed on offer increased the greasy wool production per hectare three-fold or more compared to production from a setstocked grazing regime. Feed on offer was maintained at 0.8, 1.1, 1.4, 2.0, 2.8 t DM/ha during spring and wool growth per hectare compared to that of sheep set-stocked at the district average of 8 sheep/ha. The role of intensive grazing as a tactic to increase production and profitability of wool producers in Mediterranean environments is discussed.

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Milk Production From Ruzi Grass Alone, Ruzi Mixed With Leucaena And Ruzi Supplemented With Dolichos Lablab, S Tudsri, S Prasanpanich, S Swasdiphanich Jul 2024

Milk Production From Ruzi Grass Alone, Ruzi Mixed With Leucaena And Ruzi Supplemented With Dolichos Lablab, S Tudsri, S Prasanpanich, S Swasdiphanich

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Three groups of dairy cattle were compared under different grazing managements viz. strip-grazed on pure ruzi grass (Brachiaria ruziziensis), strip-grazed on mixed pasture between ruzi and leucaena (Luecaena luecocephala) and strip-grazed on pure ruzi and supplemented with lablab (Lablab purpureus). The results showed that the animals that received the legumes through supplementary or mixed with the grass produced higher in daily milk yield (13.63 and 13.26 kg/cow) and fat percentage (4.7 and 4.5) than that of the pure grass alone (12.00 kg/cow for milk yield and 4.2 % for fat). This advantage was due …

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Zea Mays Grazing In Cattle Production Systems, V Mundy, B E. Anderson, T L. Gompert, T L. Mader, C A. Shapiro Jul 2024

Zea Mays Grazing In Cattle Production Systems, V Mundy, B E. Anderson, T L. Gompert, T L. Mader, C A. Shapiro

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Nebraska producers have used silage maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids as a grazed forage in dairy and beef production systems. In an onfarm case study, farmers and researchers collaborated to gather information on production practices, grazing management, and plant characteristics of grazing maize within three forage-based dairy and beef systems. Production practices were generally similar to conventional grain corn production, except that in one system maize was seeded directly into a suppressed grass sod. Milk production from grazing maize was 23 kg/day/animal, compared to 24 kg/day/ animal before using maize and 22 kg/day/animal after using maize. Average gain of …

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Grazing Management Of Lotus In Eastern Australia: A Participatory Approach, M J. Blumenthal, J F. Ayers, Z Hochman Jul 2024

Grazing Management Of Lotus In Eastern Australia: A Participatory Approach, M J. Blumenthal, J F. Ayers, Z Hochman

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Both Lotus uliginosus Schkukr and L. corniculatus L. require lenient grazing management for persistent production. However, grazing systems, where Lotus is adapted in eastern Australia are based on intermittent set stocking. Conflict between plant ecophysiology and the adverse influences of traditional grazing systems that limit the adoption of new grazing management technology have been addressed by a participatory (co-learning) research and development process. The approach taken involved the use of a facilitator who ran an initial meeting to involve stakeholders and subsequently established “colearning” groups and “co-learning” experimental sites. These sites are monitored, progress is reviewed, and knowledge is …

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Tropical Forage Seed Production In Southeast Asia: Current Status And Prospects, C Phaikaew, L Guodao, A Abdullah, M Tuhulele, E Magboo, B Bouahom, W Stur Jul 2024

Tropical Forage Seed Production In Southeast Asia: Current Status And Prospects, C Phaikaew, L Guodao, A Abdullah, M Tuhulele, E Magboo, B Bouahom, W Stur

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The demand for forage seed in southeast Asia has increased in recent years. More than 1,200 tons of seed were produced in Thailand in 1995 with smaller quantities of seed having been produced in China, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Philippines and Indonesia. Large quantities have been produced of Brachiaria ruziziensis, Stylosanthes hamata, Stylosanthes guianensis and Panicum maximum. There are good prospects to increase forage seed production and to develop trade between countries in the southeast Asian region. There is a need to increase seed production of widely adapted species, and expand production of forages for other purposes such as turf …

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Phytoplankton Community Dynamics In The Northern California Current System, Kristin E. Forgrave Jul 2024

Phytoplankton Community Dynamics In The Northern California Current System, Kristin E. Forgrave

Dissertations and Theses

The Northern California Current system is a productive coastal ecosystem encompassing a variety of temporal and spatial features. The photosynthetic microbial community plays a crucial role in supporting the rich ecosystem and its economically important fisheries. My research integrates data across location and two years to investigate the community composition of two major phytoplankton groups in this system: picocyanobacteria and photosynthetic picoeukaryotes (PPE). The abundances and sizes of the phytoplankton were measured using flow cytometry. I found PPE present at similar concentrations in both summer and winter seasons. Abundances of both PPE and picocyanobacteria were comparable in the winter, but …

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The Effects Of Torso-Borne Loads On Functional Movement Patterns, Kathryn S. Bell, Jasmine D. Brooks, Kara N. Radzak, Sean W. Mulvenon, Brian K. Schilling Jul 2024

The Effects Of Torso-Borne Loads On Functional Movement Patterns, Kathryn S. Bell, Jasmine D. Brooks, Kara N. Radzak, Sean W. Mulvenon, Brian K. Schilling

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(7): 975-984, 2024. Functional movement patterns are an important aspect of everyday life, and a growing area of interest for determining the risk of injury and performance ability. Police, military, and fire personnel often carry torso-borne loads that increase the demands on the body while performing occupational tasks. The purpose of this study was to compare movement screen results in both a loaded and unloaded condition to identify potential effects that torso-borne body armor load carriage may have on tactical performance. This provided objective data on the effects that external loads may have on functional …

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