Digital Commons Network^™

Agricultural Experiment Station News July 1972

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
FROM THE DIRECTOR'S DESK
TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF UN FIELD LABORATORY
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS
GENERAL NOTES
NEBRASKA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS – June 1972
BULLETINS PRINTED
ABSTRACTS

Louisiana Agriculture Magazine, Summer 1972, Lsu Agricultural Experiment Station

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

Quantitative Growth Relationships Of Microcoleus Vaginatus (Gom.) Ex Drouet And Alcaligenes Sp. In A Sucrose-Salts Medium, James Rexford Brownell

Master's Theses

The blue-green alga, Microcoleus vaginatus (Gom.) ex Drouet 1968, and a bacterium, Alcaligenes sp., collected from the same habitat, were cultured together and separately in mineral salts media with and without sucrose. Growth of axenic M. vaginatus was stimulated by sucrose. In association with the bacterium in sucrose-containing media algal growth was suppressed, while in inorganic media it was stimulated. Factors involved in this algal-bacterial system probably included competition for the carbon source, changes in pH, and accumulation of cellular waste and lytic products.

An Electrophoretic Comparison Of The Gill Plasma Membrane Proteins Of Freshwater And Saltwater-Adapted Killifish, Fundulus Heteroclitus, Earl Dean Hammit

Master's Theses

A study was undertaken to compare proteins present in the gill membranes of freshwater and salt­ water adapted killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus. For this purpose, a method for the preparation or gill plasma membranes was developed. Polyacrylarnide gel electrophoresis indicated that the two types of gills possessed many membrane proteins in common. However, the freshwater adapted group possessed a single protein not found n the saltwater adapted group and the latter contained a protein not found in the freshwater adapted group.

86th Annual Report Of The Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

Contents:
Forward
Administration and Staff
Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station Research Projects
Experiment Station Publications
Publications of the Staff
Report of Income and Expenditures

The Southern Pine Beetle, Dendroctonus Frontalis Zimm, 1961-1971, Jack E. Coster

eBooks

In the last decade, since the appearance of the comprehensive reviews of southern pine beetle (SPB), Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm. (Coleoptera :Scolytidae ) *, literature by Thatcher (1960) and Dixon and Osgood (1961), much research progress on the insect has been realized. This review condenses reports of research on the insect published since 1961.

The Effect Of Various Nutrients On The Sporulation Of Trichophyton Rubrum, P. Jerry Austin

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Trichophyton rubrum was grown on a chemically defined media in an effort to find a substance that would give the maximum production of macroconidia. Twenty-one amino acids were tested and about one half of them were active in stimulating macroconidial formation. Eight purines and pyrimidines were also tested but none of them gave more than scanty sporulation. The base media used was Czapek solution agar (modified): the saccharose was replaced with an equal amount of glucose. The various nutrients were tested at two concentrations, 1.25 mg/ml and 0.25 mg/ml. Yeast extract and peptone were also included in the study since …

The Germfree Culture Of Three Species Of Triatominae: Triatoma Protracta (Uhler), Triatoma Rubida (Uhler), And Rhodnius Prolixus Stål, Stephen A. Nyirady

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Triatoma protracta protracta, Triatoma riibida rubIda, and two strains of Rhodnius prolixus were successfully reared germfree into the fourth generation. Triatominae eggs were disinfected externally with iodine and the nymphs reared in vinyl plastic germfree modules. Germfree mice were used as the host. This is the first report of Triatominae having been reared in a germfree environment. These bugs were never exposed to bacteria internally or externally to the fourth generation.

Comparisons of conventional control bugs with replicate germfree groups in the first two generations revealed but slight differences in developmental periods. The mean adult longevity of all …

Potential Of Pompano Mariculture In Florida, James Anthony Elias

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Pompano mariculture is not an attempt to bridge the protein gap, but it has been initiated to provide a constant source of this highly desired marine fish. The current market for pompano is small, however, this has been attributed basically to its supply. It appears from the literature that T. carolinus has the most dominant market position since it has an excellent flavor and sports fishermen prefer it due to its fighting ability when hooked on light tackle. It appears from the published history of attempts to raise pompano, by Berry and Iversen, that one of the major problems in …

Agricultural Experiment Station News May 1972

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
FROM THE DIRECTOR'S DESK
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS
GENERAL NOTES
NEBRASKA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS – April 1972
BULLETINS PRINTED
ABSTRACTS

Tissue Mineral Imbalances In Cattle With Brisket Disease, Patricia H. Field

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Twenty four cattle, six each of healthy cows and calves, and cows and calves with brisket disease, were obtained, examined and slaughtered. The concentrations of calcium, chloride, cobalt, copper, iron, magnesium, molybdenum, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and zinc; and percent absolute dry matter and percent ash were determined in tissues selected from the following: cardiac, hepatic, renal, osseous, whole blood and blood serum. In addition, certain physical and biological parameters were recorded for each animal. The results were analyzed as a 2 x 2 factorial, segregating the effects of age and brisket disease, and the age-disease interaction.

The following statistically significant …

The Effect Of Seven Carcinogens On Phosphatidylcholine And Phosphatidylethanolamine Metabolism In Larvae Of The Indian-Meal Moth, Mara D. Velkers

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Alterations of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) metabolism were investigated in the larvae of Plodia interouncte11a (Indian-meal moth) receiving diets containing seven different carcinogense The fatty acid composition of PC and PE as well as the radioactive incorporation of C¹⁴-labeled choline and ethanolamine into PC and PE, respectively, were done. In general, there was a decrease in the saturated fatty acid composition and an increase in the quantity of unsaturated fatty acids for PC and PE. The incorporation of choiine-1, 2 -C¹⁴ bromide into PC was decreased and the incorporation of ethanolamine-UL-C¹⁴ HCL into PE was …

Cooperative Extension Service Organization And Administration In Utah And Thailand, Sommart Chinoim

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Thailand is an agricultural country with about 80 percent of the population operating farms. Agriculture is the main source of national income and 90 percent of all exports are agricultural products. The farms are small and a high percent of the farmers are illiterate which accounts for so many people remaining on farms. Even though agricultural development is under the National Economic and Social Development Plan, new methods of farming are not easily accessible to the small farmers. They still follow their ancestor's methods of cultivating, irrigating, and harvesting their crops. Most farmers operate subsistent farm units. They plant enough …

The Effect Of Heat Treatment Of Fresh Frozen Vells On Rennin Extractability, Leesther Mifflin Holm

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A procedure was developed for the extraction of rennet from fresh frozen vells. Frozen vells were minced in a Model VCM-25 Hobart Vertical Cutter/Mixer. Dry sodium chloride was added until the salt concentration in the moisture of the tissue was 10%. Salted tissue was placed in galvanized steel cells and heated in a water bath to 49, 54, 57 and 60 C for 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes. The heated tissue was dried to about 4% moisture at ambient temperature with the aid of an electric fan. The dried salted tissue was extracted with a sodium chloride solution …

Purification And Characterization Of A Protease From A Lamb Gastric Extract Used For Cheese Flavor Improvement, Ramjibhai V. Chaudhari

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An assay for catheptic activity of lamb gastric tissue extract has been proposed which involves the use of a pH 3.5 hemoglobin substrate following activation of zymogens at pH 2.0, 25C for 30 min.; and inactivation at pH 8.0, 40C for 30 min thereby eliminating the effects of pepsin and rennin. Cathepsin was isolated and purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, acetone precipitation and gel filtration. The purified cathepsin represented approximately 50 fold increase in specific activity over the original extract and a recovery of 15% of the original activity. Degree of purity was monitored by isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels. …

Detection And Quantitation Of Staphylococcus Aureus Deoxyribonuclease In Cheese, Cyril Newell Maughan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A specific method has been developed for the extraction and measurement of staphylococcal nuclease in cheese in which Staphylococcus aureus has grown. Ten grams of cheese sample were homogenized with ninety milliliters of pH ten buffer for three minutes. Ammonium sulfate fractionation was used and a forty to eighty percent fraction was collected and concentrated using ultrafilters. The nuclease activity was determined using a toluidine blue deoxyribonucleic acid agar slide method and a spectophotometric method. The DNA agar slide method was used to compare staphylococcal growth with nuclease production in cheese under varying conditions. When Staphylococcus aureus plate counts indicated …

Assay And Control Of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A Development In Cheddar Cheese Slurries, Niranjan R. Gandhi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Attempts were made to adapt the microtiter hemagglutination inhibition assay technique for the assay of enterotoxin A. The presence of a potent hemagglutinin in crude and partially purified preparations and the instability of sensitized erythrocytes prevented its use for routine analysis of enterotoxin from culture media and foods.

A capillary tube immunological assay was developed in which 1 μ g of enterotoxin/ml was detected in less than 1 hr . Interfacial reaction of antisera and enterotoxin solutions in a 1 mm internal diameter capillary tube allowed rapid detection and serological typing of enterotoxins.

Staphylococcus aureus growth and enterotoxin A development …

Essential Tyrosine Residues In Calf Liver Uridine Diphosphoglucose Pyrophosphorylase, E.C. 2.7.7.9., Robert Carl Bachmann

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The catalytic necessity of tyrosine residues in uridine diphospho- glucose pyrophosphorylase [E.C. 2.7.7.9] was investigated. Chemical modification of the pyrophosphorylase by N-acetylimidazole indicated that tyrosine residues were essential for activity. Approximately 23 of 112 tyrosines per molecule of 475,000 Daltons could be 0-acetylated. Solvent perturbation difference spectroscopy supported this number of exposed tyrosine side chains and in conjunction with chemical modification indicated that at least 11 to 12 tyrosyl residues per protein molecule are fully exposed. it her subst rate, uridine t riphosphate or uridine diphosphoglucose, afforded significant protection against inactivation by N-acetylimidazole.

The significance of these tyrosine residues is …

Continuous Flow Analysis Of Non-Casein Protein In Milk, Robert Steven White

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Technicon AutoAnalyzer II was evaluated for automatic quantitation of non-casein protein (NCP) in milk. The Lowry method for colorimetric measurement of proteins was adapted to the automated method and found to be accurate in the determination of non-casein protein in milk. The automated Lowry method obeyed Beer's law. Casein content was calculated by difference between total protein determined by infrared milk analysis (IRMA) and non-casein protein. In the analysis of twenty-five replicate milk samples, the standard deviation was 0.32 and the coefficient of variability was 0.90. The casein content as a percentage of total protein in the milk of …

Formation And Control Of Chlorophyll And Solanine In Tubers Of Solanum Tuberosum, L. And Evaluation Of Solanine Toxicity, Bhaskarrao C. Patil

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Chlorophyll and solanine syntheses as influenced by cultivars, specific gravities, light intensities, and duration of exposure to light were studied in potato (Solanum tuberosum, L.) tubers. Chemicals, gamma radiation, clear polyethylene packaging in 15 per cent CO₂, and storage at subatmospheric pressure were employed to control the formation of these two compounds. The toxicity of solanine to mice, the fungus Trichoderma viride, and cholinesterase inhibition patterns in rabbits and a dog were evaluated. The influence of the central nervous system stimulating drugs was investigated to find if they counteracted solanine toxicity.

Of the 11 cultivars …

Study Of Air Cell Migration And The Effect Of Whipping Temperature On The Overrun, Body And Storage Stability Of A Dairy-Based Frozen Whipped Topping, William J. Locker

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A dairy-based whipped topping consisting of 22.0 percent milk fat, 7.5 percent milk solids-not-fat, 12.0 percent sucrose, 10.0 percent corn syrup solids, 0.60 percent gum arabic, 0.06 percent carrageenin, 0.19 percent polyoxyethylene sorbitan rnonostearate, 0.19 percent polyoxythylene sorbitan tristearate, and 0.12 percent sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate was developed that would withstand the rigors of frozen storage. The best products were obtained when the topping was whipped on a Creamery Package 3M-30 continuous type ice cream freezer. Toppings whipped in the laboratory at temperatures higher or lower than -2.2 to -1.0 centigrade were weak and slightly wet. After 18 days frozen storage the …

Reproduction And Hematology Of The Cache Elk Herd, Thomas B. Follis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The initial three years of a 10-year reproductive study of elk involved three major phases. A fourth was added because of convenience. Objective 1 was to ascertain pregnancy rates in yearling and mature elk by rectal palpation, associate these rates with subsequent fall cow/calf ratios, and to test concurrently an ultrasonic fetal heart detector. Rectally observed anatomical changes in gravid uteri of cattle were directly applicable to elk. Ultrasonic detections of pregnancies in elk and deer were unsuccessful.

Pregnancy rates in the 1969-70 winter of 100 and 0 percent, respectively, for 19 adult and five yearling elk were associated with …

Ecology Of Aroga Websteri Clarke In Curlew Valley, Utah-Idaho, Reed L. Kirkland

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The ecology, life history, and population dynamics of the sagebrush defoliator, Aroga websteri Clarke, were studied in the field and laboratory. The defoliator has one generation a year at the Curlew Valley site. It overwintered in the egg stage and passed through five larval instars. Ten parasite species attacked the defoliator at the study site. Four species, Orgilus ferus, Phaeogenes sp., Spilochalcis leptis, and Apanteles cacoeciae, contributed over 75 percent of the total incidence of parasitism. Parasitism ranged from 20 to 76 percent in 1971, but only ranged from 6 to 29 percent in 1972. This decrease …

Early Life History Of The Mountain Whitefish Prosopium Williamsoni (Girard) In The Logan River, Utah, Lawrence Guy Brown

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Growth and food habits of 399 Age 0 mountain whitefish from the Logan River, Utah, were studied between March, 1970, and April, 1971. At the end of their first six months of life, whitefish were 86-96 mm total length and weighed 6-8 grams (wet). Total temperature experience was 2,950-3,430 degree-days above 32° F. The length-weight relationship for Age 0 mountain whitefish was best described by three stanzas with slopes of 4.3333 for fish 12.5-17.0 mm total length, 3.4437 for fish 17.0-55.0 mm total length, and 2.8043 for fish 50.0-112.0 mm total length. Scalation commenced at 30-35 mm total length and …

Limitation Studies Of Seed Set In The Onion Allium Cepa L. (Liliaceae), Nizar Shukri Shasha'a

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Two field experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, 13 variables were studied for 3 inbred groups as influenced by genetic differences, source of pollen, soil moisture, fertilizers, and size of bulbs. Path-coefficient analysis was made of various insect pollinators influencing seed yield in different inbreds, and of components of seed production in all inbreds together. In the second experiment, 4 variables were studied for one male-sterile inbred and one male-fertile inbred as influenced by soil moisture and fertilizers.

Genetic differences among inbreds were the most important source of variation in seed yields. This points out that a major …

The Effects Of Dcpa And Trifluralin On Northern Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne Hapla Chitwood) Infection Of Selected Vegetables, Rulon Kent Romney

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The interaction of herbicides and Northern root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood) on onions and beans was studied in the greenhouse. Seeds of onions (Allium cepa L.) were planted in soil treated with different levels of dimethyl 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroterephthalate (DCPA). Seeds of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were planted in soil treated with different levels of DCPA or α, α, α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine (trifluralin). Seedlings were inoculated with root-knot nematode larvae after 2 week's growth.

DCPA reduced root and shoot growth on onions but did not significantly affect bean growth. Trifluralin significantly reduced root and shoot …

The Influence Of Atmospheric Dust And Foliar Leachates On The Chemical Quality Of Throughfall In Northern Utah, Dennis R. Parent

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In the summer of 1971 a research project was carried out in an attempt to determine the influence of dust and leachates on rainfall quality. Open precipitation collectors, collectors under polyethylene screens, collectors under Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and juniper (Juniperus scopulorum), and leaf analyses were used to determine the relative effects of these two processes by which chemicals are incorporated into the rainwater. All samples were analyzed for sodium (Na⁺), calcium (Ca⁺⁺), magnesium (Mg⁺⁺), potassium (K⁺), and available phosphorus. Under the trees, sodium concentrations increased as much as …

Host-Parasite Relationship Studies Of The Larval Alfalfa Weevil And The Ichneumonid Parasite Bathyplectes Curculionis (Thomson), Yeboa A. Duodu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The parasitic effects of the ichneumonid Bathyplectes curculionis (Thomson) on the larval alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica (Gyllenhal), were studied.

Results of experiments on the rates of parasitism of the four host larval instars indicated that the first three are either preferred by the parasite over the fourth instar larvae or are more susceptible to the parasite's attack. Survival of the younger weevil larvae after their exposure to female parasites was markedly poorer than that of unparasitized larvae. Premature death of host larvae was probably from both the puncturing by the parasite's ovipositor and the feeding and other activities of parasite …

Xanthium Strumarium L.: Extraction And Assay Of Floral Promotive Principles And Additional Investigations Into Inhibition Of Flowering, David D. Gibby

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

New techniques in extraction and assay of florigenic substances were tested. Initial response to the buffer-PVP extracts proved promising, but after several successful experiments, results could not be duplicated. Possible reasons for the failure are discussed.

A long-day inhibitory effect, demonstrated earlier by Gibby and Salisbury (25), was further investigated. Experiments with ¹⁴C-labled assimilates disproved the hypothesis that the inhibition is a result of assimilate translocation. Other experiments pointed to the probability of phytochrome involvement as well as protein synthesis as part of the inhibitory process. The nature of inhibition was ascribed to a localized inhibitory condition, probably a …

Effects Of Six Herbicides On Three Common Fresh Water Algae, Mridulika Virmani

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Six herbicides (diuron, karbutilate, propham, chloropropham, atrazine and simazine) were tested for their effects on Chlorocuccum hypnosporum, Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Anabaena sp. Experiments were conducted to determine minimum lethal dosages, algicidal versus algistatic concentrations and the uptake of ¹⁴CO₂ fixation by diuron containing cultures, as well as the uptake of radioactive diuron.

All three investigated species have shown a high degree of sensitivity to diuron at or below 1 ppm. Karbutilate was found to inhibit the growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Anabaena sp. at lower concentrations than were required in the case of Chlorococcum hypnosporum.

Chloropropham …