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Block And Bridle Annual, 1974

Block and Bridle Annual (1933–2021)

Table of Contents:

Advisors ...............................2
Animal Science Faculty .....................3
Officers ................................4
Committee Chairman ......................5
Membership ........................... 6-7
NU Graduate Students ..................... 8
Animal Science Graduates ................9-13
Quarter Horse Show ................... 14-1 5
Appaloosa Horse Show ....................1 6
Livestock Contest ........................ 17
Honor's Banquet ...................... 18- 19
Portrait Presentation ......................2 0
Junior Scholarship Award ................. 21
Senior Merit Award ......................22
ASAS Meeting & Sticker Sales .............. 23
Youthful Exhibitors ......................24
Program Review .........................25
Fall Steak Fry ..........................26
KidlsDay ..............................27
Little AK-SAR-BEN ...................2 8-30
Ham Sales ..............................31
National B & B Report ....................32
Christmas Coffee ........................33
B & B Queen Finalists ....................34 …

G74-142 Harvesting And Preserving Hay Crop Silage, Rick Grant, Rick Stock

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes principles of successful hay crop harvest, silage preservation, management techniques to obtain high quality hay crop silage, and proper use of silage storage facilities.

Most hay (legume and grass) crops can be ensiled, or made into silage, successfully. For best feeding value and preservation, consider the special requirements for ensiling each crop.

Hays to be ensiled should be selected on the basis of economics. Which are the most profitable for supplying nutrients? For example, legumes have a relatively higher value for dairy herds than for beef finishing operations because of dairy cows' higher requirement for protein.

G74-149 Bloat Prevention And Treatment (Revised July 1996), Dale Grotelueschen, Richard J. Rasby, Don Hudson, Bruce Anderson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Bloat is a form of indigestion marked by an excessive accumulation of gas in the rumen. Immediately after cattle consume a meal, the digestive process creates gases in the rumen. Most of the gases are eliminated by eructation (belching). Any interruption of this normal gas elimination results in gas accumulation or bloat.

This NebGuide discusses the types of bloat which may occur in cattle and methods to prevent and treat bloat.

G74-125 Oats In Swine Diets (Revised December 1981), Ernest R. Peo, Donald B. Hudman, Mike Brumm

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Oats are not considered a standard feed grain in swine diets in Nebraska because of the small acreage planted. However, oats can be used by all ages of swine with some limitations. The feeding value of oats is 80 percent that of corn. With proper formulation, limiting the amount of oats in diets will cause no reduction in swine performance. The nutritive content of a feed grain is the primary factor in determining its use. This NebGuide discusses the processing of oats for swine diets, gestation diets, lactating diets, starter diets, and growing-finishing diet.

G74-166 Creep Feeding Beef Calves, Richard J. Rasby, Ivan G. Rush, James A. Gosey

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Effects of creep feeding calves are covered here. Gross income of the cow/calf enterprise is partially dependent on weaning weight of the calves. Three possible non-genetic ways of increasing calf weaning weight are to increase milk production of the dam, increase forage consumption of the calf, or provide supplemental feed to the calf to increase nutrient intake. Management practices exist to increase standing forage quality, but management of that grass for the calf only is difficult. Likewise, increasing milk production of the dam requires greater feed inputs and possibly supplemental feed. Creep feeding studies consistently have shown an increase in …

G74-100 Feeding High Moisture Corn, Terry L. Mader, Paul Q. Guyer, Rick Stock

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

In recent years the use of high moisture grain has become more popular due to the increased costs of handling and dry feed grains. For cattle feeders in particular, storing grains as high moisture is one practice that can improve their competitive position and reduce costs. Using high moisture grains allows greater opportunity to design a system that will minimize harvest, storage and feed processing costs.

Grains such as sorghum and wheat have been stored as high moisture, but corn is the principal high moisture grain stored. High moisture corn can be processed and stored as whole shelled corn, ground …

G74-149 Bloat Prevention And Treatment, Rick Stock, Richard J. Rasby, Duane Rice

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses the types of bloat which may occur in cattle and methods to prevent and treat bloat.

Bloat is a form of indigestion marked by an excessive accumulation of gas in the rumen. Immediately after cattle consume a meal, the digestive process creates gases in the rumen. Most of the gases are eliminated by eructation (belching). Gases that are trapped and not eructated may form a foam or froth in the rumen which further prevents their elimination. Froth formation can be caused by many factors resulting from interactions between the animal, rumen microorganisms, and differences in plant biochemistry.

G74-136 Grain Sorghum Processing For Beef Cattle, Rick Stock, Terry L. Mader

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses the feeding value of grain sorghum relative to corn and various grain processing methods for grain sorghum.

It has been widely recognized that grain sorghum (milo) must be processed to be efficiently used by finishing cattle. Grain sorghum shows more improved utilization from processing than corn, wheat and barley. Dry ground or rolled grain sorghum has a relative feeding value of 85% to 95% (avg 90%) of dry rolled corn. Processing grain sorghum by more sophisticated methods (early harvesting, steam-flaking, etc.) greatly enhances its feeding value.

Chemical composition suggests that there should be less difference in the …

G74-170 Nitrates In Livestock Feeding, Richard J. Rasby, Rick Stock, Bruce Anderson, Norman R. Schneider

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes symptoms, causes, prevention and treatment of nitrate poisoning in livestock.

Nitrate poisoning in cattle occurred long before the use of nitrogen fertilizers. In the late 1800s there were reports of cornstalk poisoning in Nebraska, and nitrate poisoning from oat hay in North and South Dakota and from weeds in the high-organic matter soils in Florida and Wisconsin.

Nitrate concentrations in feeds for livestock depends more on plant species and environmental conditions prior to harvest than on the amount of available nitrogen in the soil.

The Medina Pig Research Station, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Before the Department of Agriculture's Medina Pig Research Station was established in 1964, pig production research had been carried out on Denmark Research Station, Muresk Agricultural College and in some commercial herds.

However, with increasing specialisation in the pig industry better facilities were needed. Medina Research Station provides such facilities, allowing it to carry out research to provide detailed information of immediate practical value for both extensive and intensive pig production enterprises.

Effect Of Dietary Calcium And Phosphorus Level Upon Calcium, Phosphorus And Nitrogen Balance In Swine, P. E. Vipperman, Jr., E. R. Peo, Jr., P. J. Cunningham

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three metabolism trials were conducted to determine the effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus level upon calcium, phosphorus and nitrogen balance in growing swine. The nine pigs in each trial averaged 22.6, 25.2 and 26.5 kg initially for trials 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The diets contained three levels of calcium and three levels of phosphorus and were rotated among the pigs in the three trials. Feed intake was adjusted to metabolic size.

Effects Of Fungus-Fermented Soybeans On Broiler Growth And Life Cycle Performance Of Coturnix Quail, Cheong Choo Chah

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Despite the extensive data that have accumulated on the detrimental effect of molds on the growth of farm animals, very little is known as to the beneficial role of fungi in animal feed. Recent studies at South Dakota State University research laboratories revealed, however, that only 164 of 392 strains of Aspergilli were found to be toxic. When the cultures were grown on sterile soybeans or wheat, some of the tested cultures exerted positive effects on growth of chicks and mice. Hence, the investigations reported herein were initiated to obtain further information on those cultures beneficial to chick performance and …

Quantitative Gene Action And Interrelationships Of Protein Content With Some Metrical Traits Of Oats, Harbans Singh Sraon

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objectives of this study were (a) to determine gene action, heritability and number of effective factors controlling protein content in oats, (b) to investigate the interrelationships of protein content with other agronomic characters, and (c) to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing A. sterilis germplasm in oat breeding projects. Four genetically distinct cultivars with protein content ranging from 15.7 to 26.6 percent were crossed in all possible combinations to make a complete set of diallel crosses. The data suggested additive gene action and partial dominance for protein content. Groat percentage and number of panicles showed overall partial dominance. Yield and …

In Vitro And In Vivo Evaluation Of Protecting Whey Protein Concentrate For Ruminants, David Rodriguez Maltos

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In experiment I a series of in vitro buffer and rumen fermentation studies were conducted to evaluate protein solubility at pH 6.8 and pH 2.5 (with pepsin) and ammonia production from whey protein concentrates (WPC, 55% protein) treated with 0, .25, .5, 1.0, and 3% formaldehyde; 1, .5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 6% tannic acid; and 0, 1, 2, and 3 hr of heat treatment at 104 C. Protein solubility and ammonia production from casein treated with 0, .5, 1.0, and 3% formaldehyde and 0, .5, 1.0, and 3% tannic acid were also studied. All levels of formaldehyde treatment of …

Louisiana Agriculture Magazine, Winter 1974-1975, Lsu Agricultural Experiment Station

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

Initiation Of Parturition In Dairy Cows With Dexamethasone And Dexamethasone Plus Estradiol Benzoate, Gary Lee Beardsley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Parturition was initiated in 25 of 29 (Trial 1) and 26 of 26 (Trial 2) Holstein cows given dexamethasone (Trial 1), 4.4 mg/100 kg body weight, or dexamethasone plus .25 mg estradiol benzoate (Trial 2) at day 273 of gestation. Parturition occurred at 45.l z +/-11.1 h (Trial 1) and 40.8 ± 9.6 h (Trial 2) after injection. Twenty-nine control cows (Trial 1) and 26 control cows (Trial 2) had average gestation lengths of 280 and 281 days, respectively. In Trial 1, calving difficulty was greater (P <.05) while birth weight of calves was 3.0 kg less (P<.05) for the induced cows compared to controls. In Trial 2, no differences in calving difficulty were found, while calf birth weight was 2.5 kg less (P <.10) for the induced cows compared to controls. Average birth weights of calves were 42.4 and 45.4 kg, Trial 1; and L~o.8 and 43.3 kg for Trial 2, for induced and control groups. Severity of udder edema did not differ for either trial. Average daily milk production for the first 9 wk of lactation was 2l~.8 kg and 27.8 kg (Trial 1) and 24.2 kg and 27.7 kg (Trial 2), for induced and control groups. In both trials, differences in milk fat or fat corrected milk were nil. Total milk production (305 day-2X-mature equivalent) was not significantly different for either trial. Changes in body weight were similar for control and induced cows in both trials. The incidence of retained placental membranes was 76 and 10'/4 (Trial 1) and 50 and 4% (Trial 2) for induced and control cows. Average days to first heat, days to firs+, service, days to conception, and services per conception for induced cows were: 58 .4, 79-9, 117.8, 2.0 (Trial l); 80.7, 81.4, 102.2, 1.64 (Trial 2); and for control cows were: 58.6, 82.3, 105.5, 1.8 (Trial l); 89.0, 91.4, 128~6, 1.94 (Trial 2). In Trial 1, the incidence of milk fever in cows with no previous history was 24 and 10'/4 for induced a"'1.d control cows. There were no differences in the incidence of metabolic disorders in Trial 2. Results of California Mastitis Tests were similar for control and induced cows in both trials. In both Trial 1 and Trial 2, fat, protein, total solids, and gamma globulin content of the colostrum did not differ between control an treatment groups;· Casein values were lower (P <.05) for the treatment group in both trials. Average daily gains from 0 to 10 weeks were .63 and .60 kg, for Trial 1; and .51 and .46 kg, for Trial 2, for induced and control calves. No differences were found in calf death loss or health disorders between groups. Similar levels of serum gamma globulin were found for both groups at 0 (before sucking) and 3 days of age in both trials. No meaningful differences were found in total serum protein, albumin, and alpha and beta globulin levels in both trials. No differences were found at birth, in chest depth, shoulder width, head circumference, hip width, and wither height of calves.

Parasites Of Salmonid Fishes From Southcentral Alaska, James Carl Riis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The importance of fish parasites is directly related to the value of the fish they affect. Alaskan salmonids are extremely important and are constantly increasing in value to the United States. Other countries, such as Japan and Russia, are also finding Alaskan salmonids important as a foodstuff. If human populations continue growing at present rates, in only a few years there could be twice as many people eating fish. As a recreational asset in Alaska, salmonids rank at or near the top, both for sportfishing and as a natural attraction. It is thus important from an economic point of view …

Gonadal Hormone Levels Prior To And Following Puberty In Straightbred And Crossbred Beef Heifers, Walter Ronald Parker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Five heifers from each of four breed groups (Angus x Angus, Charolais x Charolais and the two reciprocal crosses) were used in a study of gonadal hormone levels during the interval from 16 weeks before puberty to puberty (trial I). Puberty was defined as the first standing estrus. Two heifer calves from dams from each of the above breed groups and sired by a single Polled Hereford bull were used in a study of gonadal hormone levels from birth to weaning (trial II). Blood samples were collected at weekly intervals from trial I heifers before puberty and three times weekly …

Color And Light Intensity Preferences Of Four Species Of Alate Cereal Aphids, Donald A. Dickmann

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Color and light intensity preferences of 4 species of alate cereal aphids, the English grain aphid, Macrosiphum avenae (Fab.); oat bird-cherry aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.); corn leaf aphid, R. maidis (Fitch); greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani); were tested under controlled conditions. No significant differences in color response were found between post-teneral (flight-active) and flight-exhausted alates of any species. Macrosiphum avenae, R. maidis, and S. graminum showed a distinct preference for yellow; R. padi usually preferred green. Alates of all species preferred high light intensities to low within the range tested (350-3500 ft-c). Preferred colors (yellow and green) were more important than …

The Effects Of Gestation Metabolizable Energy Levels On Sow Productivity And Hematology, George W. Libal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It has been estimated that of the potential ova shed by the sow on1y about 55% result in live pigs born. Reproductive inefficiency can occur as a result of oversupplying or undersupplying energy. Since 1959, the National Research Council has reduced its listed energy requirements for the gravid sow considerably. The studies reported herein were conducted to evaluate metabolizable energy (ME) levels for gestating sows at and below the recommended levels and measure their effect on sow productivity as well as sow hematology at various stages of reproduction. Two experiments, each consisting of three trials, were conducted. Experiment 1, two …

An Estuarine Low-Temperature Fish-Kill In Mississippi, With Remarks On Restricted Necropsies, Robin M. Overstreet

Gulf and Caribbean Research

In January 1973, large numbers of Mugil cephalus (striped mullet), weighing approximately 250 gm each, died in two freshwater localities in tidewater bayous of Jackson County, Mississippi. Fish identified as Mugil curema, M. cephalus, Megalops atlantica, Dormitator maculatus, and Fundulus grandis were found dead in other low saline estuarine areas. Fish-kills during cold periods are less commonly encountered in Mississippi than in Texas or Florida. This particular incident is attributed to conditions of stress for fishes incompletely acclimated to the encountered low temperatures. The most deleterious stress was the low saline water which probably allowed a …

The Cultural Context Of Food: A Study Of Food Habits And Their Social Significance In Selected Areas Of Louisiana, Virginia Purtle Steelman

LSU Agricultural Experiment Station Reports

No abstract provided.

Zinc Nutrition Of Rice Plants As Influenced By Seed Germinated In Zinc Solutions, Narsimaha R. Kasireddy, Lyell F. Thompson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

In recent years a physiological disorder of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings growing in soils high in exchangeable calcium has been diagnosed as zinc deficiency. Calculations show that less than 30 g of zinc is needed to satisfy the nutrition of a hectare of 6-8-wk-old rice plants. Rice seed was soaked and germinated in dilute solutions of zinc ethylenediamine tetraacetate, zinc sulfate and zinc lignosulfonate prior to planting in greenhouse pots containing a zinc-deficient soil. The rice plants grown from the zinc-treated seed produced more growth and sorbed more zinc than rice plants grown from untreated seed.

The Place Of Lucerne In Western Australian Agriculture, N J. Halse, C. M. Francis

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Lucerne, the world's most important fodder legume, has never won largescale acceptance in West Australian farming, largely because of our success with productive subterranean clover pastures. But recent disease problems on sub. clover stands have led to greater interest in alternative species, especially lucerne, for higher rainfall areas.

This article summarises our knowledge of lucerne establishment and management in W.A. and reviews current research aimed at achieving better results from lucerne.

Reproductive Wastage Among Merino Ewe Flocks. 2. Non-Clover Areas, T Marshall, B. R. Beetson, R. J. Lightfoot, G. R. Mcmullen

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

This research sought to define the reasons for low fertility among Merino ewes in Western Australia.

This first article looks at wastage in Non-Clover areas

Survival Mechanisms Of Phytopathogenic Bacteria, M. L. Schuster, D. P. Coyne

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Natural habitats usually do not provide bacteria the continuity of agricultural crops. With continuous culture. perpetuation of pathogen is no problem. Although agricul­ tural practices provide some discontinuity between crops. it is less than that in nature. Uniformity of crop germ plasm also favors inoculum buildup and perhaps perpetuation of the pathogens.

Recollections, George W. Beadle

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

In these exciting times when elementary and high schools teach modern biology, including many of the intricacies of biochemical genetics, the long slow process by which our present knowledge in this area was gained is not often fully appreciated. A third of a century elapsed before Mendel’s work was "rediscovered" and properly appreciated. Archibald E. Garrod’s (1) prophetic appreciation of the relation genetics and biochemistry, beginning soon after the so-called rediscovery of Mendel, lay fallow for more than forty years despite the fact that he published widely and relatively voluminously. As late as a quarter of a century after the …

A Quantitative Study Of The Water Quality And Plankton Of Upper Blue Lake, Lower Blue Lake, And The Oaks Arm Of Clear Lake In Lake County, California, Stephen Patrick Hayes

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

This study was undertaken to examine any possible associations between the measurements of water quality and lake conditions, and the quantity and composition of plankton present in Upper Blue Lake, Lower Blue Lake, and the Oaks Arm of Clear Lake during the sampling period. A secondary objective of this study was to provide a record of these measurements. These measurements, when taken collectively, are important indicators of the trophic state or nutrient condition of the waters of the three lakes from February through October 1972.

The Dependency Of Brain Membrane-Bound Enzymes On Exogenous Linoleic And Linolenic Acids, Frank Joseph Spitz

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Hepatic Ornithine Metabolism In Hydrazine-Treated Rats, Van Saxton Hubbard

Theses and Dissertations

Ornithine plays an important role in mammalian intermediary metabolism. Ornithine can be (1) utilized as a component of the urea cycle, (2) decarboxylated to form putrescine, a precursor of the polyamines, spermidine and spermine, and (3) converted metabolically to arginine, proline and glutamate. In prior investigations conducted in our laboratories and others, free endogenous hepatic pools of ornithine were found to be elevated following hydrazine administration. Consequently, time-course alterations of arginase, ornithine δ-transaminase, ornithine transcarbamylase, and ornithine decarboxylase activities were investigated regarding the effect of hydrazine treatment on hepatic ornithine metabolism in the rat. As an outgrowth of these investigations, …