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Milk And Beef Production In Tropical Environments, V. K. Taneja, P. N. Bhat

World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production: 3rd (1986)

Cattle breeds native to tropics are late maturing and poor producers of milk and beef, but have the ability to survive under harsh tropical environments. In spite of large, genetic variability for milk yield. selection for productive traits would not be effective in bridging the gap between requirements of human food and its availability. Other methods to achieve these goals have been suggested. Breed comparison studies are needed to identify special genes for fast growth, efficient breeding and resistance to diseases and drought capacity, alternatives like replacement of native with improved European breeds and gene transfer through crossbreeding have been …

Buffalo For Meat Production, Giovanni De Fanciscis

World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production: 3rd (1986)

Only very recently buffaloes have been studied deeper for a better breeding and for emphasizing their meat productive potentiality and its physiological, chemical and organolptic qualities.

Very good investigations, conducted mainly in Australia, Bulgaria, Italy, Thailand and Trinidad show in an univocal way, if the buffaloes are reared and fed well, that the daily gain, the percentage of fessing and of the first cut, the organoleptic characteristics are quite similar and sometime also better than those of bovine cattle. The best slaughter tiie is at 14-16 months of age when the live weight is of 350-380 kg with a 52-58 …

Economic Evaluation Of Breeding Objectives For Beef Cattle, C. A. Morris

World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production: 3rd (1986)

Defining breeding objectives for beef cattle is a difficult task, especially for cattle under extensive grazing, as described by the authors in this Session. In considering economic aspects, Wilton points out the poor feedback among different sectors of the industry (such as among cow-calf producers, store cattle farmers and finishing operators; also between commercial and pedigree herds). Farmers with different breeds contributing to crossbred cattle also appear to receive poor market signals.

The Effect Of Sewage Effluent Removal On The Water Quality Of Lake Howell, Florida, Patricia L. Smith

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

In April, 1983, sewage effluent discharge from the Maitland and Winter Park sewage treatment plants was diverted from Lake Howell to the Iron Bridge Regional Sewage Treatment Plant. The sewage treatment plants of the cities of Winter Park and Maitland had been discharging into Lake Howell since 1927 and 1962, respectively. These point sources had contributed 95% of the total phosphorus and 69% of the total nitrogen budgets for Lake Howell. Physico-chemical parameters were monitored monthly for two years chemical parameters were monitored monthly for two years from January, 1983 through December, 1984. Annual mean values fro chlorophyll_a, …

Protein Enrichment Of Cereal Grains For Livestock, Andrew C. Dunlop, C. L. Mcdonald

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Every year Western Australian farmers feed about 759,000 tonnes of cereal grain to livestock, mostly to sheep but also to dairy and beef cattle. These grains are fed as drought feeds, as supplements to augment poor quality or scarce paddock feed or in growth rations to attain higher levels of production. Many grains fed, however, have a low protien content and are therefore used inefficiently by animals.

Several methods of improving the low protien content of feed grains have been tested. They include the addition of lupin seed, spraying oats with urea and gassing oats with ammonia.

Feed For Autumn Lambing Ewes, B R. Beetson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Department of Agriculture feeding trials with grazing sheep have consistently shown that the level of supplementation should be set for survival and little more, because beyond that the additional costs of supplementary feeding usually outstrip the benefits from extra production.

Even sheep in the greatest need - autumn lambing ewes in late pregnancy and the early part of lactation before and during the break of season - can be fed less than was thought necessary to achieve acceptable production.

Endocrine Changes During Restoration Of Estrous Cycles Following Induction Of Anestrus By Restricted Nutrient Intake In Beef Heifers, K. Imakawa, M. L. Day, M. Garcia-Winder, D. D. Zalesky, Roger J. Kittok, B. D. Schanbacher, J. E. Kinder

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The working hypotheses in this experiment were: 1) that ovarian estradiol would inhibit luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in heifers that were anestrus as a result of restricted dietary energy intake and 2) the responsiveness of LH secretion to estradiol negative feedback would decrease during the period when restoration of estrous cycles occurred following feeding of diets adequate in energy. Fifteen heifers weighing 341 ± 12 (mean ± SE) kg were fed a diet containing 50% of the energy required for maintenance until 40 to 50 d following cessation of estrous cycles. Heifers were assigned to intact control (C, n = …

Tolerance Of Cereal Crops To Herbicides, D G. Bowran

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Herbicides have come to play an important role in the control of weeds in Western Australian cereal crops, with some estimates showing that sufficient herbicide was applied to treat every hectare of cereal grown in 1984.

While the use of herbicides reduces competition from weeds, they may have a hidden cost. As chemicals which affect plants, herbicides may also affect plants, herbicides may also affect and damage the crop which they are protecting. The crop may possibly fail, and some or all of the economic benefits obtained from the chemical control of weeds may not be realised.

The Effect Of Food On Reproduction In The Sailfin Molly, Poecilia Iatipinna (Poeciliidae, Rebecca B. Smith

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Sailfin molly populations often experience a midsummer slump in reproduction, and it has been suggested that this slump is caused by food shortage. A food supplementation experiment on a natural population of mollies was done in 1983. Excess food did not directly affect the fecundity of females in the field. A laboratory experiment was designed to determine the food level on reproduction in females. Ration had the greatest effect on somatic condition and growth, indirectly influencing fecundity. Two explanations for this strategy are suggested. A significant difference in brood size and size of young was observed between the field and …

Growth And Magnesium Uptake Of Tall Fescue Lines At High And Low Potassium Levels, J. H. Edwards, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Five tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) clonal lines with diverse root and xylem diameters were grown in nutrient solutions with magnesium (Mg) concentrations of 42, 125 and 250 µm and potassium K concentrations of 133 and 333 µm. Leaf Mg concentrations increased with increasing Mg rates at both low and high K concentrations. The tall fescue line with the largest root and xylem diameters had low leaf Mg concentrations, indicating a possible increased Mg tetany potential when consumed by cattle. The response of the K/(Mg+Ca) ratio in the plant, an indicator of tetany potential, to varying solution Mg at low …

Effect Of Adrenalectomy On In Vivo Glucose Metabolism In Insulin Resistant Zucker Obese Rats, Marjorie Freedman, Judith Stern, G. Reaven, C. Mondon

Faculty Publications

Lean (Fa/?) and obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats were adrenalectomized (ADX) in order to assess the contribution of adrenal hormones to insulin resistance of the obese Zucker rat. Glucose utilization was measured using an insulin suppression test.Sham-operated obese rats gained almost twice as much weight as sham-operated lean littermates. However, body weight gain of ADX animals was comparable in both genotypes. It was significantly less than that of the respective sham-operated controls. Body weight differences can be accounted for almost entirely by a marked loss of adipose tissue.Although insulin resistance may be attributable to obesity in part, steroid hormones are thought …

Arthropod Species Diversity, Composition And Trophic Structure At The Soil Level Biotope Of Three Northeastern Illinois Prairie Remnants, With Botanical Characterization For Each Site, Dean George Stathakis

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Metabolism Of N⁶- Δ ²-Isopentenyladenine In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Kast Carol Anne Van

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Sediment Processing And Selective Feeding By Pectinaria Koreni (Polychaeta: Pectinariidae), Fred C. Dobbs, Teresa A. Scholly

OES Faculty Publications

Pectinaria (Lagis) koreni (Malmgren) is an abundant, deposit-feeding, infaunal inhabitant of shallow-water marine environments in northern Europe. Laboratory experiments were performed to quantify the polychaete's sediment processing in 2 distinct sediments, 1 fine-grained and high in combustibles, the other coarse-grained and low in combustibles. Gut passage time and time to pseudodefecation were predictable only in coarse-grained sediment. In both sediments, reworking rate increased with worm size and over time, although temporal patterns differed in the 2 sediments. The ratio of pseudodefecated sediment to defecated sediment did not differ significantly over time in either sediment, but the ratio was greater in …

Malnutrition And Length Of Stay - A Relationship?, Marvin D. Anderson, Gladys Collins, Gloria Davis, Brack A. Bivins

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

The admission nutrition status of 135 consecutive general medical patients admitted to a single nursing unit was evaluated using a simple questionnaire and available laboratory studies. A statistical analysis of the data obtained indicates that prolonged length of stay may be related to admission nutritional status.

Childhood Lead Poisoning, Raj P. Warrier, Jan Waisanen, Sam R. Kottamasu, Sayeed Sultana, K. Ratnakar Kini, William L. Kestenberg, John Strauthers, Craig Foreback

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Although lead encephalopathy is rare, lead intoxication continues to be a significant problem in Detroit. Neuropsychological effects may occur even at low levels of lead. Since treatment of lead poisoning consists of a painful series of injections, it is imperative that more attention be given to the prevention of this disease. To confirm the magnitude of the problems, our experience with lead poisoning during a three-year period at Henry Ford Hospital's Pediatric Department is reviewed.

Mathematical Programming Model Of Western Australian Dairy Farms, G R. Olney, D A. Falconer

Animal production and livestock research reports

A profit maximising mathematical programming dairy farm model has been developed which determines the most profitable management strategies for the full year. This model was initially an extension of the one used in the Western Australian Dairy Feed Management Service (DFMS) which determines the most profitable ration to feed for a specific period, the milk yield per cow and the number of cows to milk. The DFMS is useful for formulating a ration for a specific period, particularly during summer on non-irrigated farms in Western Australia when complete hand feeding is required, but it cannot be used to determine optimum …

Population Dynamics Of Sugar Beets, Rhizoctonia Solani, And Laetisaria Arvalis: Responses Of A Host, Plant Pathogen, And Hyperparasite To Perturbation In The Field, Michael F. Allen, Michael G. Boosalis, Eric D. Kerr, Anne E. Muldoon, Harold J. Larsen

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Rhizoctonia solani causes crown rot of sugar beets, a severe disease that has destroyed up to 60% of the plants in a test field in western Nebraska. Laetisaria arvalis, a natural hyperparasite of Rhizoctonia spp., was isolated from fields in western Nebraska. To test for the potential for biological control of R. solani, in November 1980 (following harvest) we applied various combinations of a nematicide (Telone II; Dow Chemical Co.), a nutrition source (sugar beet pulp), and an inoculum of L. arvalis in a randomized block design. Populations of R. solani, L. arvalis, and sugar beets were …

Multiple Trophic Levels In Soft-Bottom Communities, John A. Commito, William G. Ambrose Jr.

Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

In order to assess the general applicability of recent field experiments with predatory infauna, we searched the literature and found 48 well-documented cases of infaunal consumption by such predators. In 63 % of the cases detailed enough to make a determination, the predators ate other predators. Multiple trophic levels within the infauna are probably a common feature of many soft-bottom communities.

The Fat's In The Fire: [Dr. Jules Hirsch], Fulvio Bardossi, Judith N. Schwartz

Rockefeller University Research Profiles

Rockefeller University Research Profiles are a series of scientific profiles that were published quarterly, from 1980-1990, by the Rockefeller University. Each issue features the research and achievements of an individual Rockefeller University scientist.

South Dakota Farm And Home Research (Fall 1985), South Dakota State University

South Dakota Farm and Home Research: 1949 -1998

This issue contains the 98th South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station Annual Report. This report covers July 1, 1984 - June 30, 1985.

Director’s comments: If you ran our Station budget, how would you spend the money? [p] 2
Spray spurge: Leafy spurge is no hit-and –run enemy; it digs in. Counterattack cannot be hit-and-run either [p] 3
The benefits of variety: For special meats, benefits are economic and nutritional. But you may have to lie a little [p] 5
Crossbreeding: the new look: Mixing genes isn’t all there is to it. You may have to adjust carrying capacity [p] 8 …

Fiber Number And Type Composition In Extensor Digitorum Longus, Soleus, And Diaphragm Muscles With Aging In Fisher 344 Rats, Thomas J. Eddinger, Richard L. Moss, Robert G. Cassens

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Histochemical (M-ATPase) fiber typing was done on extensor digitorum longus, (EDL), soleus (SOL), and diaphragm (DIA) muscles of barrier-reared Fisher 344 rats obtained at four different ages (3, 9, 28, and 30 months) from the colonies of the National Institute of Aging. In the EDL there are no differences in the percent of type I fibers among the four age groups. The percent of type IIa and IIb fibers also showed no difference between the 3 and 30 month age groups. There was no apparent trend for an increase or decrease in the percent of type IIa or IIb fibers …

Galactokinase Activity In Streptococcus Thermophilus, Robert W. Hutkins, Howard A. Morris, Larry L. Mckay

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

ATP-dependent phosphorylation of [¹⁴Cigalactose by 11 strains of Streptococcus thermophilus indicated that these organisms possessed the Leloir enzyme, galactokinase (galK). Activities were 10 times higher in fully induced, galactose-fermenting (Gal⁺) strains than in galactose-nonfermenting (Gal-) strains. Lactose-grown, Gal^- cells released free galactose into the medium and were unable to utilize residual galactose or to induce galK above basal levels. Gal⁺ S. thermophilus 19258 also released galactose into the medium, but when lactose was depleted growth on galactose commenced, and galK increased from 0.025 to 0.22 μmol of galactose phosphorylated per min per mg of …

Galactose Transport In Streptococcus Thermophilus, Robert W. Hutkins, Howard A. Morris, Larry L. Mckay

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Although Streptococcus thermophilus accumulated [¹⁴C]lactose in the absence of an endogenous energy source, galactose-fermenting (Gal⁺) cells were unable to accumulate [¹⁴C]galactose unless an additional energy source was added to the test system. Both Gal⁺ and galactose-nonfermenting (Gal^-) strains transported galactose when preincubated with sucrose. Accumulation was inhibited 50 or 95% when 10 niM sodium fluoride or 1.0 mM iodoacetic acid, respectively, was added to sucrose-treated cells, indicating that ATP was required for galactose transport activity. Proton-conducting ionophores also inhibited galactose uptake, although N,N'-dicyclohexyl carbodiimide had no effect. The results suggest …

The Relationship Of Vitamins B-6 And B-12 To Plasma Homocysteine Levels In Men At Low- And High-Risk For Coronary Heart Disease, Marlene E. Swift

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

There is evidence that homocysteine may be a factor in increasing the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). To explore this relationship further, we assessed the interrelation of dietary vitamins B-6, B-12 and folate, and plasma pyridoxal-5'-phosphate and vitamin B-12 with plasma free and protein-bound homocysteine levels. Fasting blood and three-day dietary records were obtained from nine men low-risk (LR) and five at high-risk (HR) for CHD. The HR mean systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol (TC), and TC/cholesterol ratios were significantly higher than LR levels. Groups were comparable by age, weight, height, skinfolds, exercise, and smoking history. No significant difference …

Carbon Dioxide Exchange Rate Of Tall Fescue-Leaf Area Vs. Leaf Weight Basis, Wallace Wilhelm, C. J. Nelson

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The basis used for expression of carbon dioxide exchange rate (CER) of single leaves may alter the relative ranking of genotypes being selected for a breeding program. Therefore, field and growth chamber experiments were conducted on 16 genotypes of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) to determine the relative merit of expressing CER data on a leaf area or leaf weight basis. Genotypes were grown in plots in the field and in pots in the growth chamber. The CER was measured using an infrared gas analyzer. Herbage yield was determined. Significant genotypic variation within experiments was found for CER when …

Factors Influencing Cellulolytic Activity Of The Soil Fungus, Aspergillus Candidus, Jacobo Ortega, Ernest J. Baca

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

Effects of pH, incubation time, nitrogen source and carbohydrate source upon production of carboxymethyl cellulase by Aspergillus candidus grown in liquid medium were studied. Maximal cellulase activity per unit of protein occurred in culture fluids with a pH of 5.5, after 10 days of cultivation of the fungus. Ammonium nitrate supported the highest production of the enzyme. However, in the nitrogen-source test, highest accumulation of extracellular protein was found in fluids from cultures with urea as the nitrogen source. Cotton fibers produced the greatest gain in cellulase activity when the carbohydrate source was incremented from 0.5 to 1.0 percent. The …

The Trend In Canopy Composition In A Young Mesic Forest, Zhenchang Li

Masters Theses

Brewer Woods, a young disturbed mesic sugar maple-beech (Acer saccharum-Fagus grandifolia) forest in Kalamazoo Co., Michigan, was investigated by point-quarter and transition matrix methods. The results indicate that this forest is dominated by sugar maple in both canopy and understory composition. Beech is the second most important species. Fourteen species were found as canopy trees or replacements. The hypothesis that a young forest is more diverse than comparable climax forests such as Warren Woods and Hueston Woods was supported. Its successional trend is that sugar maple will become more abundant at the expense of the other species. Beech is a …

Wpa News 9 (1985), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (July 1985), number 9

Published by the World Pheasant Association

Going To Extremes: Why Do Sanderlings Migrate To The Neotropics?, J. P. Myers, John L. Maron, Michel Sallaberry A.

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Sanderlings (Calidris alba) breed within a small latitudinal range in the arctic while spreading in winter virtually throughout temperate and tropical marine beaches of the world. This paper examines spatial variation in Sanderlings nonbreeding density across the New World, documents annual cycle differences between populations wintering in California and those wintering in Peru and Chile, and then explores demographic and ecological factors underlying Sanderlings migration to different wintering grounds. Densities during the nonbreeding season are higher on the Pacific coast than on the Atlantic at all censused latitudes in the New World, and reach a peak in southwestern …