Digital Commons Network^™

Ec96-1555 Insect Pest Management Strategies For Yards And Gardens, Frederick P. Baxendale, Robert J. Wright

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

A growing awareness of problems associated with overusing pesticides has prompted many home gardeners and landscape managers to seek alternative methods of insect control. Integrated pest management (IPM) uses suitable methods in a compatible manner to maintain pest densities below levels of unacceptable injury.

IPM principles can be applied to all pest groups (insects, mites, weeds, plant diseases and vertebrates), and urban as well as agricultural settings. This publication will discuss how integrated pest management can be applied to insect and mite management in yards and gardens.

Nf96-281 Soil Fertility Considerations For Land Coming Out Of Crp, Charles A. Shapiro, Gary W. Hergert, Melinda Mcvey Mccluskey

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact discusses soil nutrients and fertility for CRP farmland.

Nf96-306 Olestra — Fat Substitute Approved By Fda In January 1996, Linda S. Boeckner, Jan Massey

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

On January 24, 1996, after $200 million and 25 years of study by Procter & Gamble, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved another fat substitute called Olestra. At this time, the product is approved for use only in snack foods such as potato, corn and tortilla chips, and crackers. The company plans to use the fat substitute under the trade name Olean. This publication discusses the facts of this fat substitute.

1996 Nebraska Swine Report, Duane E. Reese

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This publication was prepared by the staff in Animal Science and cooperating Departments for use in Extension,Teaching and Research programs. It deals with the results that were done in reproduction, breeding, health, nutrition, economics and housing of swine.

G96-1292 Winter Care For Horses, Kathleen P. Anderson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses energy requirements, feeding alterations, water requirements, hair and hoof implications, and shelter needs for horses during winter.

As the weather turns cold, many horses are ridden less and less. It is easy to become relaxed in a horse's daily care since they are not being used as often. However, horses still require much care and attention throughout the winter. Often, even greater attention is needed since there are no green pastures to graze or ponds and creeks to drink from.

Nf96-252 Controlling Feed Costs On Your Dairy Farm, Rick Grant

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact discusses ways to control feed costs on dairy farms.

Pqf News: Newsletter Of The Partridge, Quail, And Francolin Specialist Group 7-12 (1996-1998), Iucn Species Survival Commission, Birdlife International, World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

The purpose of the newsletter is to receive details of new projects, re-assessments of the status of relevant species, interesting discoveries or observations, taxonomic changes, conservation successes or threats and anything else that members might find interesting. We would like in future issues to produce a list of relevant publications which appear during the year in order to keep members up-to-date with current information. We will publish requests for contacts or information, advertisements for conferences and workshops and news of projects and project proposals.

Issue 7 (Autumn 1996)

Foreword by John P. Carroll

In focus: Punjab Wildlife Research and Training …

G96-1285 Dairy Health Management For Optimum Production And Reproductive Performance, Duane N. Rice, Rick J. Grant, Larry L. Larson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Maintaining a healthy herd is a constant challenge to today's dairy producer. This NebGuide suggests ways to increase and maintain the quality of your dairy herd. Maintaining a healthy herd is a constant challenge to today's dairy producer. Each year an average of 20 to 25 percent of dairy cows are culled due to poor reproductive performance or other health problems. Many factors influence the health and performance of a dairy herd. These include the entire scope of management factors from "on farm" activity to the associated business and financial interactions. All of these are controllable but require knowledge and …

Ec96-824 Dairy Economics In Nebraska: An Analysis Of Costs And Returns And Comparisons With Other States, H. Douglas Jose, Richard J. Grant

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Dairy Economics in Nebraska

The dairy sector is undergoing major structural changes and economic adjustments. The industry is also becoming more market oriented as government price supports decline. Increased competitiveness has kept milk prices relatively stable, but increased grain and other input costs in 1995-96 have put increased pressure on profit margins which were already narrow.

This publication is a compilation of data related to the current economics of dairy farming. The objective is to provide data to help dairy farmers make adjustments in their operations, such as expanding their herds, and to provide basic data for operators setting up …

Cattle Industry Compensation Act Research Advisory Committee Progress Report 1996, Cattle Industry Compensation Act Research Advisory Committee

Animal production and livestock published reports

The Cattle Industry Compensation Fund was established under the Cattle Industry Compensation Act 1965. An Advisory Committee, established by the Hon. Minister for Primary Industry makes recommendations for funding on a project basis. The Advisory Committee published progress reports in 1984 and 1989. This report covers the period 1990 to 1995.

South Asian Foodways In Britain Diversity And Change And The Implications For Health Promotion, Tashmin Khamis

Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa

People originating from the Indian sub-continent (South Asians) make up the largest ethnic minority group in Britain and suffer from higher rates of coronary heart disease (CIII)) and noninsulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) than the general population. The "classic" risk factors (other than diabetes and insulin resistance) do not explain these elevated rates. Insulin resistance is associated with central obesity, which is more prevalent amongst South Asians than Europeans and the most effective dietary means of preventing or reversing obesity is by reducing fat and energy intake. However it has been hypothesized that regional origins and religious differences within the …

Phosphorous Limitation And Trophic Status In Limestone Quarry Lakes, Dade County, Fl, Isaac Peter Chase

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

While limestone quarry lakes have existed in South Florida for many years, only recently have they received serious scrutiny. A thorough understanding of the trophic dynamics of these lakes has yet to be achieved. Questions have arisen as to the value of these lakes for such purposes as water reclamation, conservation, and recreational use. The purpose of this study was twofold, 1) to investigate the trophic processes within these lakes with special regard to phosphorus limitation, and 2) to help provide a better understanding of the linmology of these lakes, specifically through the quantification and identification of the invertebrate life …

Summer 1996, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Population Genetics And Gene Variation Of Stable Fly Populations (Diptera: Muscidae) In Nebraska, Allen L. Szalanski, David B. Taylor, Richard D. Peterson Ii

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Genetic variation in stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.),populations from Nebraska, Canada, and Texas was sampled. Four of 12 allozyme loci were polymorphic, with an average of 1.7 alleles per locus. Observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.086 and 0.070,respectively. Nei's genetic distance between populations averaged 0.001 and ranged from 0.000 to 0.005. Wright's F statistics revealed greater variation within than among populations. Allele frequencies were homogeneous among temporal samples from a single population. Polymerasechain reaction—restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR—RFLP) analysis of 6.4 kb of the mitochondrial DNA genome with 16 restriction enzymes revealed no variation in stable fly populations from Canada, …

The Potential For Ontogenetic Vertical Migration By Larvae Of Bathyal Echinoderms, William Jaeckle, Craig M. Young, Michael G. Devin, Suki U.K. Ekaratne, Sophie B. George

Scholarship

Planktotrophy is a relatively common developmental mode among bathyal and abyssal echinoderms, but the sources of food used by deep-sea planktotrophic larvae remain generally unknown. Very few deep-sea echinoderm larvae have been collected in plankton samples, so we do not know whether larvae migrate to the euphotic zone to feed or if they rely on bacteria or detritus at greater depths. We approached this question indirectly by investigating whether larvae of bathyal echinoids can tolerate the temperatures they would encounter in the euphotic zone and whether they possess sufficient energy stores to migrate to the euphotic zone without feeding. Twenty-four …

Development Of House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) In Sand Containing Varying Amounts Of Manure Solids And Moisture, Jerome Hogsette

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

House flies, Musca domestica L., developed in 200 cm³ of coarse sand containing just 1 ml (0.47%) of dairy manure solids and 10 ml (4.74%) of moisture. At these levels, development was slow (21.5 d from 1st instar to adult), adult survival was low (7.5%), but successful development did occur. At higher manure and moisture levels, rates of development and survival were similar to those reported previously. All soil samples collected from a feedlot dairy contained higher levels of manure solids than the highest level tested in the laboratory. The implications for fly control in soil/manure mixtures and the …

New Swine Nutrition Guide Available, Duane Reese

Nebraska Swine Reports

A new swine nutrition guide from the University of Nebraska and South Dakota State University is available for pork producers, veterinarians, and others. The guide addresses many fundamentals of swine nutrition and modern feeding program design. Single copies are available for $1 from a Cooperative Extension Office in Nebraska or by writing to Swine Nutrition, PO Box 830918, Lincoln, NE 68583- 0918. Mail orders must include 55 cents shipping and appropriate sales tax. The guide should help readers develop better feeding strategies for pigs.

Bioavailability Of Iron In Two Different Sources For Weanling Pigs, Austin Lewis, Phillip S. Miller, Cynthia Wolverton

Nebraska Swine Reports

The bioavailability of the iron in iron methionine was compared with that in feed-grade ferrous sulfate. Pigs, which were anemic at weaning, were given diets containing supplements of one of the two iron sources. Iron supplementation increased weight gain and hemoglobin repletion. The increases were greater for ferrous sulfate than for iron methionine. This indicates that the iron in ferrous sulfate is more bioavailable than the iron in the iron methionine source that we investigated.

Impact Of Cooking Method On Quality Of Boneless Pork Loin Roasts, Fayrene Hamouz, Judith Batenhorst, Judy A. Driskell, Roger W. Mandigo

Nebraska Swine Reports

Chef’s Prime™ pork loin roasts were roasted, braised and cooked in a bag at an oven temperature of 325°F to an internal temperature of 160 or 180°F. Roasting improved yield and surface browning of Chef’s Prime™ roasts. While roasting and braising resulted in similar quality, the presence of moisture (braising and cook-in bag) reduced cooking time. Cooking in the bag had the greatest impact on quality characteristics as these roasts were least tender and they tended to be less juicy and favorable than braised or roasted loins. Reduction of the final internal temperature from 180 to 160°F did not improve …

The Effects Of Dietary Protein Concentration On Performance And Visceral Organ Mass In Finishing Barrows And Gilts, Hsin-Yi Chen, Austin Lewis, Phillip S. Miller

Nebraska Swine Reports

The response of finishing barrows and gilts to five dietary protein concentrations was evaluated. Barrows and gilts have different requirements for protein and differ in their sensitivities to excessive intakes of protein. Gilts appeared to be affected by dietary protein concentrations to a greater extent than did barrows. Significant differences in weight gain did not occur but, the lowest average daily gain was for pigs fed the two highest protein levels. Increased dietary protein concentration resulted in increased liver, kidney, and pancreas weights. These data indirectly suggest that maintenance energy requirements of barrows and gilts may be increased as dietary …

Communities Of Cloacal Bacteria In Tree Swallow Families, Michael P. Lombardo, Patrick A. Thorpe, R. Cichewicz, M. Henshaw, C. Millard, C. Steen, T. K. Zeller

Peer Reviewed Publications

Our aim in this study was to survey the communities of bacteria found in the cloacae of adult and nestling Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor), determine if there were familial patterns of prevalence, and determine if there were relationships between bacteria loads and nestling size when 12 days old and fledging success.

Regulation Of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Atpase (Serca2) Gene Expression In Left Ventricular Hypertrophy And Heart Failure, Ming Qi

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Leptographium Pyrinum Is A Mycangial Fungus Of Dendroctonus Adjunctus, Diana Six, T. D. Paine

Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences Faculty Publications

Several species of Dendroctonus (Coleop- tera: Scolytidae) have cuticular invaginations, or my- cangia, in the integument which are specialized for carrying specific symbiotic fungi. The mycangium of Dendroctonus adjunctus, located under a callus that surrounds the prothorax, has been recognized but the mycangial fungus has not yet been identified. Fungi from mycangia of Dendroctonus adjunctus were isolated and compared with Leptographium pyrinum and Ophiostoma adjuncti, two species of fungi known to be present in trees colonized by Dendroctonus ad- junctus. Fungi isolated from Dendroctonus adjunctus mycangia were determined to be morphologically and genetically identical to Leptographium pyrinum

Effect Of Light/Dark Transition On Carbon Translocation In Eelgrass Zostera Marina Seedlings, Richard C. Zimmerman, Randall S. Alberte

OES Faculty Publications

Carbon translocation in the marine macrophyte Zostera marina L. (eelgrass) was investigated to elucidate the impact of light/dark transitions on sucrose partitioning between roots and shoots. After exposure of leaves to C-14-bicarbonate, the level of C-14-labelled photoassimilates increased monotonically in both leaves and fully aerobic roots of plants maintained in the light. Accumulation of C-14 in roots and leaves ceased abruptly when plants were transferred to darkness that induced root anaerobiosis even though C-14 levels remained high in the dark-exposed leaves. Thus, translocation of C-14 photoassimilates from shoots to roots was inhibited when roots became anoxic. Anoxia induced by light …

Development And Lipid Composition Of The Harpacticoid Copepod Nitocra Spinipes Reared On Different Diets, Gregory M. Weiss, George B. Mcmanus, H. Rodger Harvey

OES Faculty Publications

We reared the harpacticoid copepod Nitocra spinipes on diets of bacteria, a diatom, or a macroalga, evaluating survivorship and growth in short-term (≤ 1 generation) experiments. Lipid content of the copepods and their diets was measured and used as an index of nutrition. Although growth, survivorship and lipid content of N. spinipes were significantly greater when fed the diatom, which had the highest lipid content of the 3 diets, the copepod was able to develop from egg to adult when fed a lipid- poor bacterial diet. Furthermore, this species was able to go through developmental molts without the addition of …

Germplasm And Cultivar Development, M. D. Casler, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, G. C. Eizenga, S. D. Stratton

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Cool-season forage grasses have evolved, and continue to evolve, in natural ecosystems subject to environmental factors both in the presence and absence of human influences. The literature often lacks facts describing the evolution and domestication of forage grasses. Furthermore, the literature on this subject mainly deals with evolution of species in the broad scope, i.e., on a scale of hundreds of thousands or millions or years. Thus, some of our conclusions are necessarily speculative and are highly subject to the nature of the research that has been reported. We describe the forces of selection that act upon cool-season forage grasses …

Evaluation Of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, And Organic Matter Balance In The Feedlot As Affected By Nutrition, Sheri Bierman, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Rick Stock, Drew Shain

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A steer finishing trial was conducted to evaluate level and source of dietary fiber on nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter excretion. One-hundred twenty steers were fed one of the following treatments: wet corn gluten feed (41.5% of diet DM), 7.5% roughage diet, and all concentrate diet. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter intake of steers fed wet corn gluten feed were greater than the other two treatments. Fecal nitrogen output was greatest with the wet corn gluten feed diet. All treatments lost about 50% of excreted nitrogen through volatilization. The all concentrate treatment had the highest percentage of phosphorus and organic …

Multi-Elemental Analysis Of Liver Biopsies And Serum To Determine Trace Element Status Of Cows, David Hickok, Pablo Martin, Dennis R. Brink, Richard J. Rasby, Michael Carlson, Norm Schneider

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Cattle producers have commonly supplemented trace elements to prevent deficiencies. The beef cow, primarily grazing forage or fed harvested forage, may be able to store adequate amounts of trace elements in the liver during periods of excess availability to maintain homeostasis during periods of marginal availability. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the seasonal effects on trace element status of multiparous cows in the absence of supplementation. Trace element concentrations in the liver biopsy were compared with serum concentrations removed at the same time.

Digestibility Of Wet And Dry Distillers Grains From The Fermentation Of Corn Or Sorghum, Shanna Lodge, Rick Stock, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Dan Herold

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Research conducted at the University of Nebraska has evaluated wet and dry distillers byproducts as energy sources for cattle. The majority of the research has been conducted with distillers byproducts resulting from the fermentation of corn. However, in the dry milling industry various cereal grains may be used to produce ethanol and distillers byproducts. The resulting byproducts have the potential to have a different feeding value when compared to byproducts produced from corn. A Nebraska trial (1995 Nebraska Beef Report, pp. 25-26) conducted by Lodge et al. indicated steers consuming diets containing distillers byproducts (40% of diet DM) produced from …

Fate Of Biological Control Introductions: Monitoring An Australian Fungal Pathogen Of Grasshoppers In North America, Michael J. Bidochka, Scott R. A. Walsh, Mark E. Ramos, Raymond J. St. Leger, Julie Cl Silver, Donald W. Roberts

Biology Faculty Publications

In North America there are two generally recognized pathotypes (pathotypes 1 and 2) of the fungus Entomophaga grylli which show host-preferential infection of grasshopper subfamilies. Pathotype 3, discovered in Austra- lia,hasabroadergrasshopperhostrangeandwasconsidered to be a good biocontrol agent. Between 1989 and 1991 patho- type3wasintroducedattwofieldsitesinNorthDakota.Since resting spores are morphologically indistinguishable among pathotypes, we used pathotype-specific DNA probes to con- firm pathotype identification in E. grylli-infected grasshop- pers collected at the release sites in 1992, 1993, and 1994. In 1992, up to 23% of E. grylli-infected grasshoppers of the subfamilies Melanoplinae, Oedipodinae, and Gomphocerinae were infected by pathotype 3,with no infections >1 km …