Digital Commons Network^™

Differing Circulating Microrna Profiles Of Long-Lived Polish Populations, Fabrizzio Lijeron-Herrera

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Exceptional longevity, defined as a lower biological age relative to chronological age and maintenance of functional capacity or a slowing of functional decline, is a phenotype most readily observed in centenarians and nonagenarians. These individuals exhibit a phenomenon known as compressed morbidity, spending substantially less time in poor health compared to younger elderly populations, thus representing a unique human model of delayed aging. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), potent post-transcriptional regulators of molecular pathways, have emerged as important modulators of aging-related pathways; however, no study has comprehensively profiled miRNAs from serum in long-lived individuals from Central Europe. In particular, Polish populations present …

Perceived Barriers To Physical Activity And Campus Recreation Facility Usage In College Students Referred Or Not Referred To An Exercise Is Medicine® On Campus Program, Benjamin M. Colbert

Theses and Dissertations

INTRODUCTION: Approximately 36-50% of college students are inactive and report numerous barriers to being physically active. Physical activity (PA) barriers are any obstacle an individual believes affects their PA participation. Individuals who perceive more barriers are less likely to participate in PA and as such, interventions that target barriers may increase PA participation. Exercise is Medicine^® on Campus (EIM-OC) is one intervention that may improve PA levels on college campuses by reducing barriers. The purpose of this study was to document PA and campus recreation facility barriers in university students and examine the influence of an individualized EIM-OC intervention …

Effect Of Substrate Dispersion Method And Particle Size On In Vitro Digestibility, Gas Production Kinetics And Composition, And Fermentation Characteristics In Different Feed Types, Luiz C. O. Sousa, Ellem M. A. Matos, Ronald J. Trotta, Edenio Detmann, David L. Harmon

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Our objective was to evaluate the influence of substrate dispersion method and particle size on in vitro digestibility, gas production kinetics and composition, and fermentation characteristics of different feed types. Alfalfa hay, tall fescue hay, ground corn, soybean meal, and a total mixed ration (TMR) were used as substrates. Treatments were designed according to a 2 × 2 × 5 factorial arrangement: two substrate dispersion methods (loose substrate and in filter bags), two particle sizes (1 mm and 2 mm), and five feeds. Filter bags decreased (P ≤ 0.001) digestibility and gas production compared with loose samples. Filter bags decreased …

Daily Rhythms In Psychosocial Stress, Sleep, And Mood: A Multimethod Approach To Transdiagnostic Psychopathology Risk And Intervention, Gabriel Gilmore

Theses and Dissertations--Psychology

Rhythms are central to nearly every core physiological and psychological process and have profound influences on overall health and well-being, particularly in the context of mood disorders. This dissertation emphasizes a rhythm-centered framework for understanding transdiagnostic psychopathology, proposing that the temporal organization of psychosocial stress, sleep, and mood provides crucial information for the development and treatment of mood disorder symptomology. Current literature relies primarily on mean symptom levels, overlooking day-to-day patterns in psychosocial experiences. To address this key methodological gap, three studies are examined. Study 1 develops and validates the Psychosocial Stress Regularity Measure (PSRM), a brief single-item measure of …

Biphasic Calcium Disturbance In Rhabdomyolysis: A Case Report Of Recovery Phase Severe Hypercalcemia, Maham Shahid, Jean C. Ramos-Cardona, Maria Toustsoglou, Gunjan Y. Gandhi

South Atlantic Division GME Research Days 2026

No abstract provided.

Gastrointestinal Symptoms Associated With Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation Protocols: A Systematic Review, Ian P. Winter, Paul Sarac, Patrick B. Wilson

Exercise Science Faculty Publications

Sodium bicarbonate positively impacts performance, but its associated gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) may limit use. This systematic review synthesized literature that has evaluated GIS with sodium bicarbonate supplementation. Literature searches were performed from February 2024-March 2026. Eligible studies provided ≥ 5 g of sodium bicarbonate within a 24-h period or, if a multi-day protocol, at least one day involving ≥ 5 g. Included studies had a placebo group/condition or a comparison group/condition that created a contrast related to delivery method, form, or dose. In total, 101 investigations were summarized in six categories: acute single dosing (n = 35); acute spread dosing …

Integrating Self-Determination Theory And Continuous Glucose Monitoring: Promoting Youth Development Among Campers With Type 1 Diabetes, Eddie Hill, Bethany Arrington, Taylor Harvey, Alexis Barmoh, Rowan Williams, Laura Hill

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

The purpose of this cohort study was to evaluate participants’ general self-management and experiences of autonomy while attending diabetes camp using quantitative and qualitative data collection. Through a partnership, an outdoor diabetes camp was designed to assist youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in their management. The REACH Teen program conducted a week-long summer camp for youth with T1D. The study was designed through Outcome-Focused Programming grounded in Self-Determination Theory (SDT) to meet campers’ needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Campers participated in outdoor activities and diabetes education designed to increase healthy behaviors. Twenty-three campers completed a 24-item pre- and …

The Effects Of Physical Activity Timing And Adherence To Physical Activity Guidelines On Sleep In Children With Adhd, Xiao Liang, Mengping Zhao, Li Su, Justin A. Haegele, Richard H. Xu, Jingjing Li, Andy Choi-Yeung Tse, Shirley X. Li

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Regular physical activity (PA) has been shown to benefit sleep. However, the effects of PA timing and adherence to the WHO's recommended 60-min moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) guideline on sleep are unclear, especially for children with ADHD who often experience sleep problems. This study examined whether timing of MVPA influenced objectively measured sleep, including sleep latency (SL), sleep efficiency (SE), total sleep time (TST), and wake after sleep onset (WASO), among children with ADHD. This cross-sectional study involved 253 children with ADHD (Mage = 8.60 ± 1.31 years, 81% boys). MVPA timing was categorized as more than 8 h before …

Perspective: Radiotherapy And Body Composition: Unmet Needs In Low- And Middle-Income Countries, Alexia J Murphy-Alford, Aaron J Grossberg, Vickie E Baracos, Maha Barbar, Judy Bauer, Jonathan P Bennett, Elena Fidarova, Clifton D Fuller, Anastassia Löser, Amy C Moreno, Anurima Patra, Deepa Puttaswamy, David I Rosenthal, Judy Schoeman, Yavuz Anacak

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Radiotherapy plays a vital role in cancer treatment, yet its effects on patients' nutritional status can precipitate muscle loss, with significant implications for treatment tolerance and outcomes. Evidence from high-income countries increasingly links radiation-induced muscle loss to adverse clinical outcomes. In contrast, low- and middle-income countries face a stark evidence gap, despite the heightened vulnerability of cancer patients in these settings due to delayed diagnosis, limited access to care, and high rates of co-morbidities. This paper highlights the critical gaps in nutritional care for radiotherapy patients in low- and middle-income countries.

South Asian Nutrition Guide For Heart Health: A Practical Guide To Sodium, Saturated Fat, Packaged Foods, Recipes And Meal Planning, Ashwini Wagle

Open Educational Resources

South Asians, including people with ancestry from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, and the Maldives, have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes than many other populations. They often develop heart disease at younger ages and sometimes at lower body weights. (Jose, 2024; Patel et al., 2021; Volgman et al., 2018).

This increased risk is not caused by a single factor. Evidence points to a combination of inherited, metabolic, lifestyle, and social influences. Common contributors include insulin resistance, abdominal or visceral fat, type 2 diabetes, high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, elevated lipoprotein(a), family history, stress, migration-related changes …

Digital Communication Strategies For Culinary Medicine In Cancer Prevention And Survivorship: Information-Seeking Habits And Content Preferences Of Online Cooking Media Among Adults Participating In Four Cancer Prevention And Control Cohort Studies, Margaret Raber, Sara Fares, Maria Vazquez, Larkin Strong, Carrie Daniel-Macdougall, Lorna Mcneill, Karen Basen-Engquist

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction

Poor diet and excess weight have been linked to increased risk for at least 13 types of cancer. Culinary medicine utilizes experiential cooking skill development to improve individuals’ capacity for healthy eating. Digital communication strategies offer pathways for scalable culinary medicine interventions, but little research has explored how online cooking tools could be leveraged for cancer prevention messaging. We conducted a cross-sectional survey study exploring online cooking information-seeking habits and content preferences among participants in four cancer prevention and control cohorts to inform future digital culinary medicine interventions.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey study was conducted with a convenience sample …

Trial Interviews To Explore Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ia Patient Experiences Following Gene Therapy, Diane M Turner-Bowker, Jessica Butler, Shayna Egan, David A Weinstein, David F Rodriguez-Buritica, Ayesha Ahmad, María-Luz Couce, Rebecca Riba-Wolman, John J Mitchell, Christina Theodore-Oklota

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Glycogen storage disease type Ia (GSDIa) is a rare, inherited, autosomal recessive deficiency of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), an enzyme necessary in glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. To maintain normal blood glucose levels and ensure survival, individuals living with GSDIa must frequently consume complex carbohydrates (eg, uncooked cornstarch). Dietary management can result in chronic complications and significant patient burden. DTX401 (pariglasgene brecaparvovec) is an investigational adeno-associated virus serotype 8 vector (AAV8)-based gene therapy designed to restore endogenous glucose production.

Objectives: Patient experience interviews were conducted as part of an open-label, phase 1/2 dose-escalation trial (NCT03517085) evaluating the safety and efficacy of …

Case Report: Management Of A Challenging Case Presenting With Dysphagia After Thyroidectomy Requiring Administration Of Liquid 131i Via Mic-Key Low-Profile Tube—A Multidisciplinary Approach, Ahmed Ebada Salem, Sandra Ramirez, Brian R Weston, Akram Hussein, Simone Krebs

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy with 131-iodine (131I) remains a cornerstone in the postoperative management of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). The standard route of administration is oral, typically in capsule form and less commonly as a liquid. However, in patients with severe dysphagia and compromised airway, traditional oral 131I delivery may be contraindicated due to the risk of aspiration and radioactivity contamination. These scenarios present unique clinical challenges that necessitate deviation from conventional protocols. While liquid 131I may be administered through the mouth or via nasogastric or percutaneous gastrostomy tubes, there is currently no standardized approach, and potential risks, such as …

Prickle4 Drives Microenvironmental Remodeling And Resistance To Parp Inhibition In Idh-Mutant Glioma, Ju Yang, Hua Yang, Yifan Yuan, Chenyang Zhang, Ziwei Fu, Yanyan Chen, Yinghong Xiong, Shuyu Chen, Kexin Ling, Ying Liu, Jason T Huse, Bo Chen, Timothy A Chan, Zengxin Qi, Zhao Zhang, Xiuping Liu, Yuxiang Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genes sensitize gliomas to PARP inhibition (PARPi) by inducing epigenetic reprogramming of DNA damage repair circuits. However, tumors treated with PARPi eventually relapse despite initial responsiveness. In this study, it is demonstrated that the anti-angiogenic agent lenvatinib synergizes effectively with PARPi, resulting in substantial tumor regression and significantly extended survival. Genomic analysis of tumors reveals that PARPi induces widespread transcriptomic changes that are predominantly pro-inflammatory, thereby promoting tumor angiogenesis. Prickle4, a planar cell polarity protein, is identified as a critical mediator of PARPi-induced neovascularization. Targeting Prickle4 effectively overcomes PARPi resistance in these tumors. Collectively, these …

Dog Waste Creates A Preference-Performance Mismatch For Urban Dung Beetles, Erin L. Mccullough, Beatrice M. Altopp, Daniel F. Kellogg, Madelyn S. Mcinnis, Luna J. Pagan

Biology

Urban environments expose animals to novel conditions that may favor behavioral flexibility but can create preference-performance mismatches when attractive resources are associated with reduced reproductive success. Dung beetles are often considered dietary generalists, yet little is known about how they respond to altered food availability in human-dominated habitats. We combined field surveys and laboratory experiments using two domestic dung types to examine diet preference, maternal provisioning, and offspring performance in the urban dung beetle Onthophagus orpheus. Beetles strongly preferred dog dung over cow dung, and offspring reared on dog dung developed faster and emerged as larger adults. Despite these apparent …

Taxonomy, Distribution And Ecology, Biology, Nutritional Composition, And Conservation Status Of Critically Endangered Lake Chala Tilapia Oreochromis Hunteri (Günther, 1889): Implications For Aquaculture Development, Jonathan Munguti, Mavindu Muthoka, Domitila Kyule, Esther Magondu, Jacob O. Iteba, Kevin Obiero, Paul Orina, Menaga Meenakshisundaram, Tanga M. Chrysantus

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Oreochromis hunteri Günther, 1889, commonly known as Lake Chala tilapia, is an endemic cichlid restricted to the small crater lake, Lake Chala, on the border of Kenya and Tanzania. This review synthesizes existing knowledge on the taxonomy, and phylogenetic placement, distribution and ecology, and biology including nutritional composition, and conservation status of O. hunteri and identifies knowledge gaps to assess its potential for aquaculture development. The knowledge gaps include its reproductive biology, population structure, and adaptive capacity to environmental and climatic variability. As the type species of the genus Oreochromis, O. hunteri is a unique, genetically isolated lineage within a …

Insect Farming Innovations: A Pathway To Self-Reliance In Agrifood Systems In Africa, Zewdu Abro, Menale Kassie, Dennis Beesigamukama, Shaphan Yong Chia, Ermias Engida Legesse, Subramanian Sevgan, Julius Ecuru, Chrysantus M. Tanga

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Insect farming as an innovative approach to transforming agrifood systems

Insect farming has emerged as a transformative and sustainable approach to addressing the interconnected challenges of food insecurity, environmental degradation, and economic vulnerability in Africa’s agrifood systems. By converting organic waste into high-value products (protein-rich feed, frass fertilizers, and bioactive compounds), insect farming offers an efficient circular economy solution that bridges nutrition, livelihoods, and ecological resilience (Lalander et al. 2025; Mei et al. 2024; Barragán-Fonseca et al. 2022; Xia et al. 2021; Van Huis 2020; Barragán-Fonseca et al. 2017; Van Huis and Oonincx 2017; Yi et al. 2014). Almost all …

Ecological Intensification Of Maize-Kale Systems In Kenya By Biofertilization And Push-Pull Management Shifts Nematode Communities, Agnes Kiriga, Johnnie Van Den Berg, Frank Chidawanyika, Solveig Haukeland, Bianca Greyvenstein, Dennis Beesigamukama, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Sevgan Subramanian, Daniel M. Mutyambai

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) pose a persistent threat to vegetable production in Kenya, contributing to reduced yields and soil degradation. The management of PPNs in vegetables in Kenya has largely remained unaddressed. The integration of ecological intensification strategies such as the vegetable integrated push-pull (VIPP) system and the use of black soldier fly frass fertilizer (BSFF) is gaining traction in sustainable agriculture. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of integrating VIPP and BSFF on nematode abundance and diversity in maize-kale cropping systems. Field trials were conducted in two different agroecological zones in Kenya. Field treatments involved plots …

Poly(A) Probe Hcr Rna-Fish Specifically Marks Pyriform Nurse Cells In The Brown Anole Lizard Ovary, Zoe B Griffin, Bonnie K Kircher, Richard R Behringer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Hybridization chain reaction RNA-fluorescent in situ hybridization (HCR RNA-FISH) is a powerful and increasingly used method for visualizing gene expression in cells and tissues. A probe set against polyadenylated RNA (poly(A)) is often used as a positive control for RNA integrity and staining quality. While optimizing this technique in the ovary of the brown anole lizard (Anolis sagrei), we found that the poly(A) probe produced a strikingly specific and intense signal in pyriform cells, a specialized lizard-specific nurse cell type. This staining pattern was found in both whole-mount samples and paraffin sections, suggesting that poly(A) signal intensity can serve as …

Host Modulation Therapy In Periodontitis: From Established Therapies To Emerging Technologies, Aonjittra Phanrungsuwan, Jiaqi Huang, Neeraja Dharmaraj, Alejandra Cobos Perez, Omid Veiseh, Simon Young, Chun-Teh Lee

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Periodontitis is a biofilm-induced chronic inflammatory disease, characterized by gingival inflammation and alveolar bone loss. According to a national survey, approximately half of the U.S. adults are affected by periodontal disease. To effectively prevent and treat periodontitis, it is essential to address its underlying causes. The primary etiological factors include polymicrobial synergy and dysbiosis of the oral microbiota, and a dysregulated immune response. The standard therapeutic approach, mechanical removal of biofilm through debridement, sometimes demonstrates limited efficacy, particularly in cases of severe periodontitis, which may require adjunctive or additional therapy. Emerging evidence indicates that periodontal tissue destruction is initiated by …

Dietitian-Led Nutrition Care Across The Cellular Therapy Continuum Supports Weight And Strength Recovery, Ashley Pagano Ms, Rdn, Ldn, Samantha Okerson Rdn, Erin Levine Rd, Cso, Ldn, Deanna Yerg Ms, Rdn, Ldn

Clinical Nutrition Service

No abstract provided.

High-Osmolality Medication Exposure And Length Of Stay In Icu Patients With Rectal Tubes, Kimberly Cephas Ms, Rdn, Ldn, Rachel Geosits Ms, Rdn, Cnsc, Ldn, Matthew Fair Pharmd, Hope Kincaid Mph, Cph, Alison Sutter Mph

Clinical Nutrition Service

No abstract provided.

Reinterpreting Stochastic Optimal Control Under Ecological Uncertainty: Inferring Decision Urgency From Vegetation Biomass Dynamics, Komi Mensah Agboka, Tobias Landmann, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Stochastic optimal control provides a rigorous framework for systems subject to uncertainty, yet its operational use in ecological crisis contexts remains limited by interpretability. We reinterpreted a stochastic control formulation in which selected parameters emerged as indicators of decision urgency rather than normative preferences. Vegetation biomass was modeled as a stochastic stock subject to nonlinear loss driven by feeding pressure (e.g., desert locust activity) and multiplicative noise, with uncertainty represented by a time-varying volatility term that integrated extreme rainfall anomalies and conflict-related disruption. Rather than prescribing an optimal policy, we inverted the closed-form solution of the control problem to infer …

Fumigant Toxicity Of Essential Oils From Chemotypes Of Curry Tree (Murraya Koenigii) Against Adult African Malaria Mosquito (Anopheles Gambiae Sensu Stricto), Clarence M. Mang’Era, Fathiya M. Khamis, Ahmed Hassanali, Paul O. Mireji

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The toxicity of fumigant formulations of essential oils (EOs) from curry tree (Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng (Rutaceae)) against African malaria adult mosquito (Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (Giles, 1902) (Diptera: Culicidae: Culicini)) was evaluated to identify most effective chemotype of the curry tree against the mosquitoes. Ninety-two compounds (91.78%–96.47% coverage) in the EO profiles were identified, among which EO isolated from curry tree chemotype from Kibwezi was most toxic. This chemotype had a median lethal dose (LD50) of 3.6 × 10⁻³ mg/cm³ (95% CI: 2.70–4.58) and a lethal time (Ti50) of 1.91 ± 0.086 h (p < 0.001). The equivalent LD50 of EOs of chemotypes from Mombasa, Makindu, and Malindi in Kenya was 4.9 × 10⁻³, 6.6 …

Are There Ecological Consequences Of Urban Adaptation? A Test Of Eco-Evolutionary Dynamics In A Terrestrial Isopod (Oniscus Asellus), Aaron Yilmaz, Grace Bellino, Ryan A. Martin

Faculty Scholarship

Urbanization affects many aspects of the environment with the potential to alter both ecological and evolutionary processes. However, while examples of urban evolution are accumulating, tests of urban eco-evolutionary dynamics are rare. We carried out a reciprocal transplantation experiment using the terrestrial isopod Oniscus asellus to test how adaptation to the urban heat island influenced ecological processes. As isopods are important decomposers, we asked if leaf-litter decomposition differed among reciprocal transplant treatments and used a separate laboratory experiment to isolate the effects of temperature on rates of isopod leaf consumption. We found that leaf-litter decomposition was greater in urban habitats, …

Ornithine Metabolism In Retinal Pigment Epithelium And Retina And Implications In Gyrate Atrophy, Artjola Puja

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) is a mitochondrial enzyme that regulates ornithine metabolism by converting ornithine to pyrroline-5-carboxylate, a precursor for proline and glutamate synthesis. Deficiency of OAT causes systemic ornithine accumulation and leads to gyrate atrophy (GA) of the choroid and retina, a hereditary disorder characterized by progressive chorioretinal degeneration and irreversible vision loss. Chorioretinal atrophy typically starts at the mid-peripheral retina and progresses toward the macula. Although elevated ornithine is considered toxic to the eye, how ornithine is metabolized in ocular tissues and why OAT deficiency causes selective, region-specific vulnerability remain unclear. We combined ex vivo and in vivo stable …

South Asians And Renal Disease: Traditional Food Lists For Management Of Chronic Kidney Disease, Ashwini Wagle

Open Educational Resources

The renal food list is a culturally tailored nutrition education tool designed to address the specific dietary needs of the South Asian population. It is an original intellectual work created by Ashwini Wagle, Ed.D., MS, RD, FAND, Chair and Professor, Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Packaging at San José State University (SJSU).

An earlier version of this tool was published in 2011 with the assistance of graduate student Kalpana Balasubramanian. The development of this renal food list was strengthened by the encouragement and support of the registered dietitian community, whose contributions included verifying the accuracy of the nutritional information …

Healthcare Provider Perspectives On A Clinical Decision Tool To Support Individualized Exercise Prescriptions And Discussions For Breast Cancer Survivors, Jinani Jayasekera, Oliver W. A. Wilson, Kaitlyn M. Wojcik, Eleanor M. Kerr, Rachelle Brick, David Berrigan, Jennifer Yeong-Shin Sheng, Takeo Fujii, Kathleen Thomas, Henri K. Parson, Padma Sheila Rajagopal, Richard L. Street Jr.

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

Purpose: We evaluated healthcare providers' current knowledge, practices, and perspectives on a novel clinical decision tool (beta-version) to facilitate individualized exercise prescriptions and discussions in clinical settings.

Methods: We recruited healthcare providers who had treated or provided care to breast cancer survivors aged >= 35-years in the past 12 months. The participants were presented with a tool to provide individualized exercise recommendations considering women's individual, clinical, and contextual characteristics. Validated and reliable pre-existing instruments were used to survey providers' current knowledge, practices regarding exercise discussions, and perspectives on the beta-version (paper-draft) of the novel tool.

Results: The sample consisted of …

Chronobiology Of Meal Timing In Early-Stage Hypertension: A Controlled Feeding Pilot Study Investigating The Effects On Renal And Vascular Function, Natalie J. Bohmke, Brittany Barton, Patrice Wiecek, Paula Rodriguez-Miguelez, Dave L. Dixon, Youngdeok Kim, Salvatore Carbone, Danielle L. Kirkman

EVMS School of Health Professions Faculty Publications

Lifestyle intervention is critical for young adults with early-stage hypertension. A Western diet has negative effects on kidney function and blood pressure; however, time-of-day effects are understudied. We hypothesized that consumption of a Western-style meal that is misaligned with the endogenous circadian rhythm would have adverse effects on blood pressure, kidney function, and vascular function. Ten young adults with elevated blood pressure or stage 1 hypertension (means ± SD: 26 ± 8 yr, 50% female) underwent a randomized crossover, isocaloric controlled feeding intervention. Participants were allocated to receive a Western-style meal high in sodium, sugar, and saturated fat in the …

The Treatment Of Obesity In The Context Of The Obesity Paradox In Patients With Heart Failure: A Narrative Review, Pamela L. Alebna, Sarah Martey, Anurag Mehta, Carl J. Lavie, Salvatore Carbone

EVMS School of Health Professions Faculty Publications

Purpose of review

While excess adiposity is a known risk factor for incident heart failure ( HF), once the condition is established, observational data suggest that increased body mass index (BMI) may confer a survival advantage. This paradox has emphasized the underlying roles of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and body composition, particularly lean mass (LM), in influencing clinical outcomes.

Recent findings

In this review, we explore the multifaceted nature of the obesity paradox in HF, with a focus on emerging anti-obesity incretin-mimetic therapies, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and dual GLP-1/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonists. These agents …