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Angular And Energy Distributions Of Electrons Emitted From Gases And Thin Foils During Light Ion Bombardment, L. H. Toburen

Scanning Microscopy

The energy and angular distributions of electrons ejected by fast charged particles in ionizing collisions provide detailed information regarding the effects of atomic, molecular, and condensed-phase structure on the energy loss process. Analysis of the wide range of available data has lead to several general conclusions. For ionization of atomic and molecular targets by protons having energies above a few hundred keV, the cross sections for electron production have been found to scale as the number of loosely bound target electrons. The more subtle features of the ejected electron energy spectra are, however, dependent on the electronic structure of the …

Interband Transitions In Electron Energy Loss Spectrometry, P. Schattschneider, P. Pongratz

Scanning Microscopy

Electron energy loss spectrometry (EELS) allows one to experimentally obtain the dielectric permittivity 𝜀:(ω, q) as a function of frequency ω and wave vector if. From 𝜀 information on inter band transitions in the probed medium can be drawn. In EELS, inter band transitions are screened by the movement of the loosely bound valence or conduction electrons. The screening effect may enhance or attenuate the strength of transitions, and tends to shift the frequencies of resonant oscillations. Another aspect of screening is the occurrence of longitudinal modes in the spectrum. So, great care has to be taken in interpreting …

Spatially Sensitive Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy, Helmut Kohl

Scanning Microscopy

Over the last decade electron energy loss spectroscopy has been increasingly used as a microanalytical technique. Under favorable conditions a spatial resolution better than 1 nm has been achieved. It is therefore possible to obtain spectroscopic information at an atomic scale. Such a spectrum can be used for the investigation of

- the elemental composition

- defect levels

- surface excitations

- the fine structure.

The spatial sensitivity of such experiments implies, that the initial or the final state of the scattered electrons must have a spatial structure. The theory for the scattering of wave packets will be discussed, focussing …

Binder 015, Azygiidae [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks], Harold W. Manter Laboratory Of Parasitology

Trematoda Taxon Notebooks

Abstract

Binder 015, Azygiidae [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks].

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Nebraska State Museum, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Created between 1960 and 1990.

Binder 050, Dicrocoelidae Q-Z [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks], Harold W. Manter Laboratory Of Parasitology

Trematoda Taxon Notebooks

Abstract

Binder 050, Dicrocoelidae Q-Z [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks].

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Nebraska State Museum, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Created between 1960 and 1990.

Binder 066, Echinostomatidae Pau-Pz [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks], Harold W. Manter Laboratory Of Parasitology

Trematoda Taxon Notebooks

Abstract

Binder 066, Echinostomatidae [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks].

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Nebraska State Museum, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.

Created between 1960 and 1990.

Binder 111, Isoparorchiidae A-Z [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks], Harold W. Manter Laboratory Of Parasitology

Trematoda Taxon Notebooks

Abstract

Binder 111, Isoparorchiidae A-Z [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks].

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Nebraska State Museum, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Created between 1960 and 1990.

Binder 115, Lecithodendriidae N-Ph [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks], Harold W. Manter Laboratory Of Parasitology

Trematoda Taxon Notebooks

Abstract

Binder 115, Lecithodendriidae N-Ph [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks].

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Nebraska State Museum, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Created between 1960 and 1990.

Binder 003, Acanthocolpidae [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks], Harold W. Manter Laboratory Of Parasitology

Trematoda Taxon Notebooks

Abstract

Binder 003, Acanthocolpidae [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks].

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Nebraska State Museum, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Created between 1960 and 1990.

Binder 002, Acanthocolpidae [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks], Harold W. Manter Laboratory Of Parasitology

Trematoda Taxon Notebooks

Abstract

Binder 002, Acanthocolpidae [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks].

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Nebraska State Museum, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Created between 1960 and 1990.

G90-992 Evapotranspiration (Et) Or Crop Water Use, Norman L. Klocke, Kenneth Hubbard, William L. Kranz, Darrell G. Watts

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

What must irrigators consider in the most efficient use of water? Read on.

Irrigators in the Great Plains have two major challenges in the years ahead:

1. Maintain groundwater quality by adjusting management to minimize the leaching of agri-chemicals from the crop root zone;

2. Continue profitable production in the face of a less abundant and increasingly costly water supply.

Irrigators must learn to convert water to grain the most efficient manner possible. Applying only enough water to meet full evapotranspiration (ET) of the crop is one key to efficient water use (ET is also called crop water use.)

Pflanzengesellchaften Der Mongolei, Werner Hilbig

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

First paragraphs of the introduction:

In Fortführung der Forschungsreisen der russischen Floristen und Pflanzengeouraphen im vorigen und Anfang dieses Jahrhunderts wurden erste Expeditionen zur systematischen Erforschung der Naturressourcen der Mongolei in den 20er und 30er Jahren durchgeführt. Sie wurden von der Akademie der Wissenschaften der UdSSR und der Akademie der Wissenschaften der MVR (vorher Wissenschaftliches Komitee der MVR) organisiert. Auch die von der Geographischen GeselIschaft und der Akademie der Wissenschaften der UdSSR durchgeführten Expeditionen zur Erforschung der natürlichen Bedingungen und der Landwirtschaft in der Mongolei schufen Möglichkeiten zur Entwicklung der geobotanischen Forschungsrichtung (vgl. GUBANOV u. HILBIG 1989).

Als erste eigenständi"e …

Title Page, Verso Of The Title Page, And Contents For Erforschung Biologischer Ressourcen Der Mongolischen Volksrepublik, Band 8, Michael Stubbe

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Title page, verso of the title page, and contents of Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolischen Volksrepublik, Band 8 (1990).

Intake And Digestion Of Low-Quality Meadow Hay By Steers And Performance Of Cows On Native Range When Fed Protein Supplements Containing Various Levels Of Corn, D. W. Sanson, D. C. Clanton, Ivan G. Rush

Panhandle Research and Extension Center

Two trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of corn in protein supplements fed to cattle receiving low-quality forages. In Trial 1, four ruminally cannulated steers (avg BW 550 kg) and four intact steers (avg BW 270 kg) were used in a replicated latin square to determine intake and digestibility of a low-quality meadow hay (4.3% CP) when fed no supplement (NS), 1.12 g CP/kg BW (PS), 1.12 g CP/kg BW with corn supplying 1.98 g starch/kg BW (PLC) or 1.12 g CP/kg BW with corn supplying 3.96 g starch/kg BW (PHC). Hay DM1 decreased (P = .001) and …

Binder 146, Opecoelidae E-Ha [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks], Harold W. Manter Laboratory Of Parasitology

Trematoda Taxon Notebooks

Binder 146, Opecoelidae E-Ha [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks].

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Nebraska State Museum, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Created between 1960 and 1990.

Binder 158, Opisthorchiidae A-B [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks], Harold W. Manter Laboratory Of Parasitology

Trematoda Taxon Notebooks

Binder 158, Opisthorchiidae A-B [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks].

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Nebraska State Museum, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Created between 1960 and 1990.

Soil Science Research Report - 1990

Soil Science Research Reports

Weather Data 1990 Reported from Research Centers ............. 1

Evaluation of Soil Testing for Nitrate-Nitrogen (E.J. Penas) ............. 7

Dynamics of Water in Rigid and Swelling Soils (Dale Swartzendruber) ............. 13

Atrazine Movement as Affected by Pore Size Distribution in a Silt Loam Soil (J.U. Baer, W.L. Powers, P.J. Shea, D.A. Tupy, and C.L. Stueffer-Powell) ............. 15

Effects of Residual Phosphorus Bands on Crop Yield and Their Persistence in the Soil (Mohammed A. Zerkoune, C.A. Shapiro, and D.H. Sander) ............. 19

Nitrogen Fertilization of Smooth Brome (A.B. Ferguson and G.P. Slater) ............. 23

The Effects of a Urease Inhibitor on …

Albumin Transcriptional Regulation, Roy Steven Herbst

Student Theses and Dissertations

An analysis is presented of the molecular mechanisms involved in maintaining the liver specific transcriptional profile of the rat and mouse serum albumin genes. Using DNA transfection and recombinant viral infection, the minimal rat promoter and mouse enhancer elements were identified, functionally dissected and shown independently to be hepatocyte specific elements. Based on these studies, multiple cis-acting DNA regulatory regions were elucidated and the cognate proteins which interact with them characterized and where possible their identity determined. It was found that the promoter proximal -156 nucleotides of the rat albumin gene were necessary and sufficient to insure albumin transcriptional specificity. …

Slowing Down And Scattering Of Ions In Solids, W. Heiland, H. Derks, T. Bremer

Scanning Microscopy

The interaction of particle beams with solids yields three parts, i.e. reflected particles, penetrating particles and trapped particles. At very low energies particle reflection is dominant, at very high energies penetration is the most important effect. Trapped particles are the result of energy loss processes, which on the other hand cause radiation damage in the solid. In the energy range discussed here, i.e. above energies where quantum effects, diffraction etc. are important and below energies where nuclear reactions, relativistic effects etc. may occur, the particle trajectories are classical. The energy loss process can be treated separately as nuclear and electronic …

Plasmons In Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy Electron Spectra, R. H. Ritchie, A. Howie, P. M. Echenique, G. J. Basbas, T. L. Ferrell, J. C. Ashley

Scanning Microscopy

A general self-energy formulation of the interaction between an electron in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) and a localized target is given. We prove a theorem relating the probability of energy transfer to that calculated classically. Local dielectric theory of target excitation for various geometries is discussed. The problem of localization of initially unlocalized excitations in the valence band of solids is treated by transforming cross sections differential in momentum transfer into dependence on an impact parameter variable. We are thereby able to account for experimental data in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) that show high spatial resolution.

Simulation Of A Penetrometric Test On Apples Using Voronoi-Delaunay Tessellation, Alain-Claude Roudot, Francois Duprat, Eric Pietri

Food Structure

A penetrometer is very useful for evaluating fruit firmness, but no systematic study yet exists on the physical significance attributed to the curve variations. A tissue model, based on computer graphic methods, allows the simulation of penetrometric tests on apples. There are varying physical factors such as intercellular space, cell arrangement, cell stiffness and tissue cohesion. The real forward limit of the plunger may take, and curve fluctuations are due to the periodic evacuation of those cells. The most influential factor in a penetrometric measurement is individual cell stiffness, its variation with depth can be evaluated with the curve mean …

Development Of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Endosperm In Varieties Of Varying Hardness, J. M. Shull, A. Chandrashekar, A. W. Kirleis, G. Ejeta

Food Structure

Factors responsible for grain hardness in sorghum are not well understood. Therefore, a study was undertaken to observe differences in the developmental processes of three sorghum varieties which vary in endosperm texture: hard, intermediate, and soft. Grain samples were collected at 5 day intervals beginning at 5 days after half-bloom (DAHB) until physiological maturity (40 DAHB) and prepared for viewing with scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.

Comparisons were made between vitreous and floury endosperm portions of each variety and among the three varieties. The major difference between vitreous and floury endosperm was the degree to which the protein …

Microscopic Measurement Of Apple Bruise, N. K. Kim, Y. C. Hung

Food Structure

Microstructural differences between unbruised and bruised apple tissues were evaluated. Cell connections appeared to be looser in bruised tissue than in unbruised tissue. Bruised tissue exhibited more empty regions which are not occupied by cells than unbruised tissue. Empty reg ions in unbruised and bruised tissues were about 0.7 and 2.4 per mm2, respectively, comprising 0.7% and 2.7% of the respective total volume. Stereology is a body of mathematical methods relating three-dimensional parameters defining a structure to two- dimensional measurements. Two methods based on a stereological principle were also used to quantify the fraction of total volume occupied by cells. …

Construction Of An Opal Suppressor By Oligonucleotide-Directed Mutagenesis Of A Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Trna Gene, Audrey L. Atkin, K. L. Roy, J. B. Bell

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

In vitro mutagenesis was used to create putative opal suppressor alleles of a tRNA^Trp gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The construct with the requisite anticodon change did not result in an active suppressor, whereas when a second change was introduced into the portion of the gene encoding the intron, an active and specific opal suppressor was produced. We propose that the secondary structure of transcripts from the first mutant may prevent efficient pre-tRNA processing, whereas normal processing occurs with the double mutant.

An Enzyme/Surfactant Treatment And Filtration Technique For The Retrieval Of Listeria Monocytogenes From Ice Cream Mix, Kelly-Ann Hale, Stephanie Doores, Rosemary A. Walsh

Food Structure

This study combines an enzyme/surfactant treatment with centrifugal ion and prefiltration to solubilize food constituents in a dairy product containing listeria monocytogenes, remove the constituents by a second filtration and examine the isolated bacteria under the scanning electron microscope. Treatment of an ice cream mix with a combined 2% (w/w} trypsin and 2% (w/w) Tween 80 so lution for 20 minutes at 35 °C resulted i n proteolysis of the dairy mix without lysing the bacteria. Centrifugation at 4300 x g for 20 minutes at 5°C concentrated the bacteria in the form of a pellet which was subsequently purified through …

Applications Of Microscopy In The Paper Industry: Case Histories Of The Mead Corporation, A. J. Leonardi, B. A. Blakistone, S. W. Kyryk

Food Structure

Microscopial application in the Mead Corporation are herein discussed: 1) defining proper starch cook for maintaining paper quality, 2) microbial degradation of paperboard used for beverage cartons, and 3) examination of high oxygen barrier plastic cups for hermetic seal and barrier construction. Visualization of the cooked starch by iodine staining and polarized light (PL) microscopy is a quick diagnostic aid to Mead mills. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particularly PL proved useful in examining fiber biodegration by fungi on Coated Natural Kraft beverage cartons. Nomarski differential interference contrast (DIC), PL, and SEM aided in qualifying lid materials for Mead's Crosscheck …

Preparation Of Cereals And Grain Products For Transmission Electron Microscopy, Donald B. Bechtel

Food Structure

This tutorial specifically addresses the techniques used in the processing of cereals and grain products for various aspects of transmission electron microscopy. Methods covered include sample treatment, chemical and physical fixation, dehydration, embedding, sectioning techniques, immunocytochemistry, enzymatic digestions, carbohydrate localization, and lectin binding. The primary goal is to provide information on the preparation of cereals and cereal-based products for microscopic analysis and to assist the reader in solving technical problems associated with studying cereals or other difficult-to-prepare samples.

South Dakota Farm And Home Research (Winter 1990), South Dakota State University

South Dakota Farm and Home Research: 1949 -1998

This issue contains the 103rd South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station Annual Report. This report covers July 1, 1989 - June 30, 1990.

Leaving home Long-time Plant Science Department leader challenges scientists and public to work together in protecting our soil and water resources. [p] 2
Neither one nor the other Chances are that you measure "success" by a combination-a successful family lite and economic soundness in your farm operation. [p] 3
The 'treasured exception' Sometimes, an animal that doesn't fit the mold can.tell us more about all animals, even us, than any "average" critter could. [p] 7
Life in the …

Maine's Endangered And Threatened Plants, Maine State Planning Office

Maine Collection

Maine's Endangered and Threatened Plants

Executive Department, Maine State Planning Office, Critical Areas Program, 1990.

Differences In Cathepsin B + L And Calcium-Dependent Protease Activities Among Breed Type And Their Relationship To Beef Tenderness, M. Johnson, Chris R. Calkins, R. D. Huffman, D. D. Johnson, D. D. Hargrove

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Activities of acidic proteases (cathepsin B + L) and neutral, calcium-dependent proteases (CDP) were quantified to determine whether differences in proteolytic activity could explain differences in meat tenderness among breed types. Steers (n = 32) of known percentage Angus (A) and Brahman (B) breeding were used to establish differences in meat tendemess (A; 3/4A-1/4B; 1/2A-1/2B; 1/4A-3/4B). Samples were removed from the longissimus muscle within 1 h postmortem and within 2 h were frozen for subsequent determination of cathepsin B + L, CDP-I, CDP-II and CDP-inhibitor activities. Warner- Bratzler shear (WBS) was assessed after 1, 5 and 10 d of postmortem …