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Studies On The Helminth Fauna Of Alaska. Xli. Observations On Cestodes Of The Genus Diplogonoporus Lönnberg, 1892 (Diphyllobothriidae), Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The study of a collection of cestodes assigned to the genus Diplogonoporus Lönnberg, 1892 disclosed but two species, D. balaenopterae Lönnberg, 1892, and D. tetrapterus (von Siebold, 1848) (provis.). These cestodes occur characteristically in marine mammals but occasionally are found in terrestrial hosts; D. balaenopterae is recorded for the first time from the domestic dog, and it is concluded that D. grandis (Blanchard, 1894), from man, is conspecific with D. balaenopterae. The latter species is recorded for the first time from the humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae (Borowski). The relatively small D. tetrapterus, a common parasite of the Steller …

The Specific Status Of The Narrow-Skulled Vole (Subgenus Stenocranius Kashchenko) In North America, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

On morphological and zoogeographical grounds, discussed in the present paper, it is concluded that the narrow-skulled vole in North America, previously designated Microtus (Stenocranius) miurus Osgood, is conspecific with the Eurasian M. (Stenocranius) gregalis Pallas. Fourteen subspecies in Eurasia and 5 in North America are now recognized, but it is probable that the number in Eurasia will be reduced through future investigation. The Eurasian subspecies of this vole comprise two major groups, of which one occupies the tundra zone and the other occurs across central Asia below latitude 60° N; their geographic ranges are largely separate …

Digenetic Trematodes Of Fishes As Indicators Of The Ecology, Phylogeny And Zoogeography Of Their Hosts [Abstract], Harold W. Manter

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The prevalence and diversity of trematodes of fishes, together with the fact that many of them have considerable host specificity, make them a favorable group for studies of host relationships and zoogeography.

Relation Between Use Of Lincomycin And Outgrowth Of Yeast, Howard W. Clapp

Masters Theses

Introduction

The use of antibiotics has increased the average life expectancy of mankind. They have prevented and cured infectious diseases that previously terminated in death. Consequently, recovery is often prompt and complete.

Though a benefit to mankind, the use of antibiotics in the treatment of infectious disease has also been accompanied by new problems. For example, treatment of a primary infection such as a bacterial pneumonitis with a broad spectrum antibiotic, may result in the death of some of the bacteria. More than one species of bacteria, however, are often found in the infected area. If such be the situation, …

A Study Of Door Pulls On Isolation Carts In A General Hospital For Evidence Of Contamination, Mary Alice Harper

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of the study was to find out if isolation carts were serving as a means of cross infection. Literature pertaining to sources of possible contamination on hospital units written in the past five years were reviewed.

Using the descriptive survey as the method of study, effort was made to find out if isolation carts were a means of cross infection on the hospital unit. Two laboratory cultures were obtained from both door pulls on all isolation carts used by nursing units. This was done over a three month period from December 12, 1963 to March 11, 1964. The …

Studies On The Helminth Fauna Of Alaska. Xl. Strigea Gruis Sp. N., A Trematode Parasite Of Grus Canadensis (L.), Georges Dubois, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Strigea gruis sp. n. (Trematoda: Strigeata, Strigeidae) is described from the sandhill crane Grus c. canadensis (L.). Only one other species of Strigea (S. neotidis Bisseru, 1956) is known from birds of the order Gruiformes; it is distinguished from S. gruis by several characteristics including its slender form, campanulate anterior segment, size of pharynx and of eggs, position of ovary, and position and size of testes. S. gruis differs from two other species having a relatively large pharynx, S. sphaerula (Rudolphi, 1803) and S. intermedia Szidat, 1932, both parasites of corvids, in the form of the anterior segment and …

The Effect Of Varying Protein Intake On Trichinella Spiralis Infection In Mice, Clare K. Kwan

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Three hundred Swiss Webster albino mice three weeks of age were placed on low (8%), medium (24%), high (48%) protein levels and a commercial laboratory animal feed, Purina Chow for various lengths of time: (1) simultaneously with infection, and four weeks thereafter, (2) three weeks before infection and throughout the four-week infection period, and (3) six weeks prior to infection and during the infection period. The protein source was casein. Sixty of the 300 mice used served as noninfected controls, and the other 240 were each infected with 400 washed, suspended Trichinella spiralis larvae obtained from a rat by the …

Arctic Health Research Center, U.S. Public Health Service, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A program of research in Alaska was initiated by the United States Public Health Service in 1948, with the establishment of a field station in temporary facilities located at Anchorage. This station, officially designated the Arctic Health Research Center in May 1950, was founded largely as the result of surveys of health conditions in Alaska conducted during 1946 and 1947 by two committees representing the American Medical Association. The reports of these committees led Congress to pass a special appropriation bill to support the investigation of health problems in Alaska.

Six research sections were set up within the first year. …

The Causes And Control Of Infertility Of Rams, J Craig

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

FACTORS other than physical faults often cause infertility of rams.

Obviously, it is important to distinguish between temporary and permanent infertility to apply the proper remedy.

Oedema Disease : A Cause Of Death Of Pigs In W.A, J Armstrong, P. Meyer

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Within the last two years Oedema Disease ("Gut oedema") has been diagnosed as a cause of pig mortality in this State.

This article describes the nature, symptoms and methods of control of this disease.

Contagious Ophthalmia (Pinkeye) Of Sheep, C R. Toop

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

CONTAGIOUS OPTHALMIA, better known to the sheep owner as "pinkeye", is a common disease of sheep particularly during the summer months.

It is known to occur in most countries where sheep are kept and is prevalent in Australia throughout the sheep-raising areas.

Viral Infections Of Domestic Animals, George A. Young

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

There is a strong tendency in current research on mammalian virus diseases to concentrate on virus activity at a cellular or subcellular level. This trend is summarized adequately by Enders in relation to viral replication as follows: ','The large and ever-increasing volume of published experimental work on viral replication strikingly reveals the central position of this phenomenon in contemporary virological research. There are good reasons, both biological and practical, underlying this intensive effort to understand, i n detail, how a virus particle, without energy transforming apparatus of its own, manages to utilize the metabolic equipment of the cell to produce …

The Control Of Infectious Abortion In Sheep, Stanley M. Dennis

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Infectious abortion con be an important cause of lambing losses in some flocks.

In this article Senior Veterinary Pathologist Dr. S. M. Dennis describes the symptoms of infectious abortion diseases and gives some recommendations for their control.

Daffodil Eelworm Diseases, O M. Goss

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

EELWORMS or nematodes are minute worm-like organisms, some of which cause plant diseases.

The plant parasitic forms are not visible to the naked eye but the damage resulting from their attack can be quite severe.

Pullorum Tested Poultry Flocks : 1964, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

PULLORUM disease has been virtually eliminated from breeding and hatchery poultry flocks in Western Australia by the annual blood-testing of all birds and the destruction of reactors.

The Seasonal Cycle Of Abundance Of Echinococcus Multilocularis In Naturally Infected Arctic Foxes, Francis H. Fay, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

In some preliminary work on the ecology of Echinococcus multilocularis (Rudolphi, 1801) on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska, Rausch and Schiller (1956. Parasitology, 46 (3 & 4): 395-419) noted that the percentage of arctic foxes, Alopex lagopus Linnaeus, harboring the adult cestodes seemed to vary annually in direct relation to the population density of tundra voles, Microtus oeconomus innuitus Merriam, the principal intermediate host. With the primary objective of examining this relationship in greater detail, an intensive, long-term ecologic investigation was begun on this island in 1955. Some of the results in the first 7 years are reported here.

Technique Of An Apparatus For Bladder Irrigation, James Barron

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Acute Respiratory Infections In Civilian Adults Ii. Clinical And Serologic Observations In A Vaccine Study Group, F. Cox Jr., E. A. Timm, I. W. Mclean, C. F. Weiss, E. L. Quinn

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

A Review Of The Genus Echinococcus Rudolphi, 1801, Robert L. Rausch, George S. Nelson

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

1. The genus Echinococcus Rudolphi, 1801, is reviewed. The recorded measurements of all species are shown in tables, and their taxonomic status is discussed.

2. Three species of Echinococcus can be distinguished by morphological criteria and are considered valid: E. granulosus, E. multilocularis and E. oligarthrus. The status of E. felidis and E. patagonicus is uncertain, but both may be conspecific with E. granulosus. Six species are considered synonyms of E. granulosus: E. cameroni, E. intermedius, E. longimanubrius, E. lycaontis, E. minimus and E. ortleppi.

Life History Of A Haemogregarine, Hepatozoon Sp. In The Chuckwalla: Sauromalus, John E. Lewis

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

[Abstract Not Included]

Evaluation Of The Photometric Assay Method To Quantitate The Bactericidal Action Of Normal And Immune Rabbit Sera On Salmonella Pullorum, Alice Margaret Rahn

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The bactericidal antibody test depends on the presence of sufficient complement, magnesium ions, and specific antibody to produce killing of certain gram negative bacilli. This study was undertaken to demonstrate whether or not Salmonella pullorum is an organism which is susceptible to this killing action.

Different amounts of test serum containing antibody, constant amounts of complement and magnesium saline diluent were placed together and held in a 37°C water bath for a one hour reaction time. During this interval, the antibody-complement system was given an opportunity to kill the susceptible bacteria. Then, a constant volume of nutrient broth was added …

Echinococcus Infections In Man And Animals In Kenya, George S. Nelson, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

1. Hydatid cysts are found in more than 30 per cent of all cattle, sheep and goats in Kenya, but the disease is prevalent in man only in the semi-desert area of Turkana. Up to the time of the present investigation the life-cycle of the parasite in East Africa had not been studied, but it was suggested that wild carnivores, such as hyenas and jackals, might be the main hosts of the adult worms.

2. One hundred and forty-three carnivores, representing 23 species, have been examined. Echinococcus adults were found in 27 out of 43 domestic dogs (Canis familiaris …

Schizorchis Yamashitai Sp. N. (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) From The Northern Pika Ochotona Hyperborea Pallas In Hokkaido, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Schizorchis yamashitai sp. n., from the northern pika in Hokkaido, is described and its morphological characteristics compared with those of the three previously known species of Schizorchis Hansen, 1948. The zoogeography of Schizorchis spp. in pikas is briefly discussed.

Arhythmorhynchus Capellae Sp. N. (Polymorphidae: Acanthocephala), A Parasite Of The Common Snipe Capella Gallinago Delicata, Gerald D. Schmidt

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Arhythmorhynchus capellae sp. n. is described. The description is based on seven males and seven females from the Common Snipe in northern Colorado. The species is contrasted with two similar species, A. comptus Van Cleave and Rausch, 1950 and A. eroliae (Yamaguti, 1939) Van Cleave and Rausch, 1950. It differs from the former in having 14 proboscis hooks per row rather than eight or nine, and from the latter in having no bursal rays and 16 rows of 14 hooks rather than 18 rows of 12 to 13 hooks.

The Secret Of Viral Reproduction, George W. Cochran

Faculty Honor Lectures

Nucleic acid is the basis of life. There are 2 types, ribose nucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA). DNA, the material found in the chromosomes within the nuclei of the cells of most living organisms, bears the genetic code that determines all of the characteristics of a living organism. Information from the DNA of the chromosomes is carried to all parts of the cell by one type of RNA called messenger RNA. Additional specialized RNA molecules are found inside the ribosomes, tiny bodies within the protoplasm that make proteins for the cell. Still other, smaller RNA molecules, called …

Alveolar Hydatid Disease Of The Liver: Rationale And Technics Of Surgical Treatment, John T. West, F. J. Hillman, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Cestodes of the genus Echinococcus cause two distinct diseases: the well-known cystic hydatid disease found in stock-raising areas, caused by E. granulosus, and the more rare alveolar hydatid disease, which is limited to the northern hemisphere and is caused by the biologically and morphologically distinct E. multilocularis.

Eight cases of alveolar hydatid disease of the liver are reported from Alaska, including three patients who underwent hemihepatectomy for advanced lesions. Radical resection is concluded to be the only rational treatment for this otherwise progressive and fatal disease.

Hepatosensitization Caused By Propionyl Erythromycin Lauryl Sulfate, R. Guevin, A. Ten Pas

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Unusual Bacterial Isolates Obtained From A Variety Of Clinical Specimens, J. P. Truant

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Avian Leucosis And Fowl Paralysis, M R. Gardiner

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

I N all poultry raising areas throughout the world leucosis accounts for a greater loss of birds than any other disease.

Infectious Abortion Diseases In Sheep, Stanley M. Dennis

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

There are increasing signs that infections causing abortion in sheep are an important source of lambing losses in Western Australia.

The organisms responsible may cause losses at any time from the 60th day of pregnancy to a week after birth.

This article discusses the symptoms, effects and control of infectious abortion and associated losses, and outlines a research project started this year to investigate them.