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Convergence In Action: Where Environmental Science Meets Sustainable Development Practice, Herdis Herdiansyah

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

Since the introduction of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the pursuit of human well-being through development and planetary sustainability for a better future has become a global discourse (de Jong & Vijge, 2021; Naseer et al., 2025; Arora-Jonsson, 2023). The SDGs have catalyzed interdisciplinary dialogue and strengthened global commitment (Naseer et al., 2025) by emphasizing the balance and integration of economic, social, and environmental aspects (Sedovs et al., 2025). However, the assumption that all goals can be achieved simultaneously and harmoniously seems hasty and potentially ignores the inherent tensions between ecological and …

Assessing Effectiveness Of Runnel Restoration In New England Salt Marsh Habitats, David M. Burdick, Grant Mckown, Gregg Moore, Jenny Gibson, Wenley Ferguson, John Herbert, Nancy Pau, Susan Adamowicz, Geoff Wilson

Faculty Publications

Rising sea levels that increase flooding in salt marshes recovering from hydrologic impairments is reducing nesting habitat for salt marsh sparrows. Abandonment of colonial farming practices (1600s through 1900s) has resulted in large, waterlogged basins characterized by shallow depressions (pannes) dominated by short-form Spartina alterniflora and unvegetated megapools that are subsiding. A relatively new technique designed to provide regular tidal flooding and drainage to the waterlogged basins that have formed on the marsh is runnelling – creation of shallow hydrologic features on the marsh surface. Will runnels result in revegetation of pannes and pools with productive perennial grasses that are …

Comparison Of Kinematic Outputs And Reliability Of Plug-In Gait Versus Conventional Gait Model 2 During Cycling, Erin Mccallister, Nicholas Russell

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 18(7): 712-726, 2025. Motion analysis is used to measure proper bicycle fit, avoid injury, and improve cycling performance. Small changes in position can impact joint kinematics and risk for overuse injury. Concerns regarding the often-used biomechanical model Plug-in-Gait (PIG) resulted in the creation of Conventional Gait Model 2 (CGM2). This study aims to compare kinematic outputs of these two models for cycling biomechanics plus between-day reliability of each model. Thirty-five participants participated in two experimental sessions. PiG and CGM2 marker sets were applied, and data was collected while cycling between 80-90 rpm. Model outputs were …

Effect Of Artificial Defoliation On Broccoli Yield, W. S. Cranshaw, R. J. Default

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Broccoli plants were artificially defoliated at varying plant growth stages and defoliation intensities to determine bases for control decisions with lepidopterous defoliators. Low levels of defoliation (<25%) did not significantly depress head weight at any treatment date. Higher levels of defoliation severity (50%) depressed head weight when inflicted following the development of small (<2 cm) heads. Only complete defoliation (100%) consistently affected head weights. Because of the great ability of broccoli plants to compensate for leaf loss, most pre heading insecticide applications should be able to be eliminated in Minnesota without yield losses.

Interspecific Interactions Between Orchelimum Nigripes And Orchelimum Volantum (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae), Marianne Niedzlek Feaver

The Great Lakes Entomologist

[Excerpt] Interspecific interactions are relatively rare among coinhabiting Orthoptera. Most records are of overzealous males courting females not of their species or, for that matter, inanimate objects. Less frequent are reports of two signalling males interacting, yet these are of interest. Calling songs are used to distinguish species (Alexander 1956). The possibility then exists that the "interference" or, more correctly, the competition for broadcast space that occurs when two closely related species with similar songs interact, may have been influential in shaping aspects of song delivery or pattern.

State Records And Confirmations Of Odonata From Illinois And Missouri, T. E. Vogt, J. E. Mcpherson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The occurrence of several species of Odonata in Illinois and Missouri is reported for the first time including Telebasis byersi Westfall, Tachopteryx thoreyi (Hagen), Aeshna mutata Hagen, Celithemis fasciata Kirby, fodona deplanata (Rambur), and Dythemis fugax Hagen for Illinois; and Cordulegaster obliqua (Say), Gomphus quadricolor Walsh, Helocordulia uhleri (Selys), C. fasciata, and C. verna Pritchard for Missouri. Also, the presence of several species is confirmed including Archilestes grandis (Rambur), C. obliqua. Hagenius brevistylus Selys, and Anax longipes Hagen for Illinois; and Lestes eurinus Say, H. brevistylus, Stylogomphus albistylus (Hagen), Arigomphus villosipes (Selys), A. longipes, and L. deplanata for Missouri.

Systematics Of Anepeorus (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae), W. P. Mccafferty, A. V. Provonsha

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The enigmatic genus Anepeorus has a confused and complex taxonomic history that is discussed and clarified. The genus is redefined and described in the adult stage. Although laryae have been assigned to Anepeorus, these larvae cannot be shown at the present to be Atnepeorus. Two North American species are known from a total of 10 adult specimens . . -tnepeorus rusticus McDunnough and A. simplex (Walsh) are redescribed, and a neotype is designated for the latter species. Genitalic differences are diagnostic, but the penes may be found in different states of inflation and rotation that should not be interpreted as …

Influence Of The Age Of Chicken On The Metabolizable Energy Value Of Alfalfa Leaf Protein Concentrate, S Terapuntuwat, I Tasaki

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Influence of the age of chicken on the nitrogen corrected metabolizable energy (MEn) value of alfalfa leaf protein concentrate (LPC) was investigated. Chickens of various ages were fed diets containing certain amounts of the LPC, and droppings were collected quantitatively. The MEn of the diets was determined as the difference between consumed energy and excreted energy which was corrected with retained energy as body protein. Then the MEn value of the LPC was calculated using the values of the LPC containing diets and that of cornstarch which was obtained from data for a LPC-free diet. As a result, the MEn …

A Technique To Study The Relative Merits Of Different Silage Additves, A D. Drysdale, D A. Parker

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Expansion in the use of silage additives in the more difficult silage-making areas of Europe has created the need for a simple laboratory method to assess the relative values of the wide range of products now offered. A technique is described which can be used to study potential new additives and to monitor existing products. Using direct-cut lucerne(Medicago sativa) ensiled quickly it is possible to produce a high pH, poorly fermented, untreated silage and against this the relative effects of different additive treatments can be assessed. In an example discussed, lucerne of 14% dry matter (DM) and buffering capacity 44m-equiv …

An Application Of Fuzzy Cluster Analysis In The Classification Of Grazing Retrogressive Succession Stages Of The Stipa Steppe, Chen Qing Cheng

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In this paper, two methods of Fuzzy Cluster Analysis-the A cut-set classification and the Interative Self-organization Data Analysis technique (ISODATA method)-are introduced to the classification of plant communities. The results show that using these methods, one may classify a number of sample quadrats obtained from vegetation mosaic which fails to possess definite lines among communities by means of random sampling rapidly and correctly. Moreover, it seems that the combination of the principal components analysis (PCA) and the ISODATA method in the classification is successful in reducing the subjective influence of the research worker and their results can be compared and …

Regulating Grass And Clover Growth With Mefludide, R J. Haggar, S P. Isaac

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A three-year study on the use of mefluidide, a plant growth regulator, for suppressing seed-head production in a range of grass is reported. The first stage, involving the evaluation of a range of does and timings on up to nine grass species, indicated the potential of mefluidide applied at 150 g ha-1 in early spring to prevent the normal decline in herbage quality associated with flowering and to transfer growth from spring to mid-summer, albeit at a loss of some 30% in total dry-matter production. A supplementary investigation showed that white clover was reasonably tolerant to mefluidide treatment although a …

Using Grinding Energy Measurements For Predicting Crude Fibre Content In First Growths Of Permanent Grassland, Chr Paul, U V. Borstel, E Zimmer

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The performance of a grinding energy test for the simple and rapid prediction of crude fibre content in spring growth of grassland was investigated during three successive years and its potential for deriving recommendations on appropriate cutting dates demonstrated. The grinding energy test appeared to achieve a precision comparable to that for near infrared based predictions of crude fibre reported from the literature. Prediction bias consisting in a mean 2% crude fibre underestimation was found to occur in one year presumably due to an anomalous _constellation of environmental conditions. This appeared to have affected the pattern of plant development and …

How Beliefs Shape What We Consider When Choosing What To Eat, Christopher Gustafson

Cornhusker Economics

What determines which foods we consider? One factor, certainly, is what we like to eat, and if liking what we eat were the sole relevant outcome of food consumption, there would be little to say about incomplete consideration. However, diet quality has important, well-documented effects on health outcomes (as well as other important considerations, such as differential environmental impact). Close to 75 percent of American adults are overweight or obese, which increases the likelihood that the individual will experience one or more serious non-communicable diseases. A food’s healthiness is an important consideration for many people when making food choices, but, …

Gene Regulatory Network Prediction Using Machine Learning, Deep Learning, And Hybrid Approaches, Sai Teja Mummadi, Md Khairul Islam, Victor Busov, Hairong Wei

Michigan Tech Publications

Construction of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) is essential for elucidating the regulatory mechanisms underlying metabolic pathways, biological processes, and complex traits. In this study, we developed and evaluated machine learning, deep learning, and hybrid approaches for constructing GRNs by integrating prior knowledge and large-scale transcriptomic data from Arabidopsis thaliana, poplar, and maize. Among these, hybrid models that combined convolutional neural networks and machine learning consistently outperformed traditional machine learning and statistical methods, achieving over 95% accuracy on the holdout test datasets. These models not only identified a greater number of known transcription factors regulating the lignin biosynthesis pathway but also …

Dissecting Macrophage Metabolism In Metabolic Liver Disease, Mandy Mei-Ying Chan

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease around the globe; however, the mechanisms that lead to the progression of metabolic liver disease are poorly understood. Liver-resident macrophages, known as Kupffer cells (KCs), are the largest population of macrophage in the human body, playing a critical role in immune sensing and tissue homeostasis. In the context of MASLD, KCs undergo cell death through an unclear mechanism, and monocytes enter the liver where they differentiate into macrophages. Next-generation sequencing and spatial-omics studies have revealed significant, heterogeneity in the recruited macrophage populations in both human …

Adaptive Crop Switching For Irrigated Agriculture In Response To Climate Change In The Western U.S., Shahryar Fazli, Wenzhao Li, Surendra Maharjan, Rejoice Thomas, Aqil Tariq, Hesham El-Askary

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Adaptive irrigation strategies are crucial for balancing water use, economic viability, and food security in the arid Western United States. However, as a key indicator vital in regulating agricultural productivity and crop irrigation, water use efficiency (WUEc) is becoming increasingly complex to estimate due to climate change. This study explores the critical role of key meteorological drivers, such as maximum temperature (tmax) and vapor pressure deficit (vpd), and their impacts on crop-specific WUEc. Future impacts are also assessed through integrating machine learning models with climate projections from the CMIP6 framework under SSP2–4.5 and SSP5–8.5 scenarios to forecast WUEc trends from …

Cocoa Polyphenols Alter The Fecal Microbiome Without Mitigating Colitis In Mice Fed Healthy Or Western Basal Diets, Eliza C. Stewart, Mohammed F. Almatani, Marcus Hayden, Giovanni Rompato, Jeremy Case, Samuel Rice, Korry J. Hintze, Abby D. Benninghoff

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Student Research

Background/Objectives: Chronic inflammation and Western-style diets elevate colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, particularly in individuals with colitis, a feature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Diets rich in polyphenol-containing functional foods, such as cocoa, may reduce gut inflammation and modulate the gut microbiome. This study investigated the impact of cocoa polyphenol (CP) supplementation on inflammation and microbiome composition in mice with colitis, fed either a healthy or Western diet, before, during, and after the onset of disease. We hypothesized that CPs would attenuate inflammation and promote distinct shifts in the microbiome, especially in the context of a Western diet. Methods: …

Assessing The Ecological Drivers And Consequences Of Partial Migration In Hudson River Striped Bass Over Three Decades, Caitlin Egan Zimmer

Biology ETDs

Climate change and shifts in human land use have caused extensive impacts to the connectivity, structure, and resilience of aquatic populations. Partial migration (PM), where only some individuals from a population migrate while the rest remain resident, can mitigate population-level responses to environmental stressors. However, little is known of the underlying mechanisms promoting variation in migration and whether these shift over time. In the Hudson River Estuary, striped bass (Morone saxatilis) are known to exhibit anadromous PM behavior. Here, I measured carbon isotopes (δ¹³C) of essential amino acids in striped bass scales to determine variation in …

The Island Biogeography Of Mangrove-Dwelling Vertebrates: Isolation, Specialisation, And Extinction, Jian Xiong David Tan

Biology ETDs

Mangroves are highly dynamic ecosystems that are widely distributed across the coastlines of the tropics and subtropics. Despite their low plant diversity, mangroves host a disproportionately high number of terrestrial vertebrate taxa. However, mangrove specialists — taxa that only occur in mangrove habitats — exhibit a global distribution that is incongruous with the broader background distribution patterns of mangrove-associated fauna, exhibiting higher diversity in Australia and Southeast Asia. This dissertation therefore aims to assess how the diversity and distribution of mangrove specialist fauna may have been shaped by the historical biogeography of mangroves, and the effects of mangrove specialisation on …

Ecoimmunology Of Dirty Physella Acuta Snails, Kevin Arthur Mcquirk

Biology ETDs

Research on Physella acuta, an invasive freshwater snail, reveals insights into its parasitology, fitness, and molecular biology. Morphological and molecular analyses revealed two distinct mitogenomic lineages, local (B) and invasive (A) strains of native P. acuta, both having comparable trematode infection rates, suggesting that the low infection rates observed from A in invaded regions result from "enemy release" rather than immune incompatibility. Fitness assessments showed that while lineages A and B performed similarly under laboratory conditions, rewilding experiments revealed significantly higher fitness in lineage A. Transcriptomic profiling supported these differences, with A snails showing greater immune-related gene expression and …

A Phase I Trial Of Evorpacept, Lenalidomide And Rituximab For Patients With B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Paolo Strati, Lei Feng, Andrey Tyshevich, Darya Shavronskaya, Julia Alesse, Elizabeth Sheehan, Alexander Nesmelov, Tony Z Zhuang, Dai Chihara, Jason R Westin, Sairah Ahmed, Luis E Fayad, Jared Henderson, Kylie Dent, Elizabeth Mcchesney, Sattva S Neelapu, Christopher R Flowers

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: SIRPα+ macrophages can mediate resistance to lenalidomide and rituximab (R2) in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). Evorpacept (ALX148) is a novel CD47 blocker that abrogates interactions between lymphoma cells and SIRPα+ macrophages.

Methods: Adult patients with B-NHL who had received at least 2 prior lines of systemic therapy were included in this single arm phase I study (NCT05025800). Evorpacept was administered intravenously (IV), in a 28-day cycle, until progression, at two dose levels (DL): 30 mg/Kg on day (D) 1 and D15 (DL1), or 60 mg/Kg on day 1 (DL2); rituximab 375 mg/m2 IV was given …

Self-Initiated Action Rescues Visual Targets From Backwards Masking, Amber R. Hopkins, Tian Lan, Aaron Schurger

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

When a visual target is followed by a visual mask stimulus, the target sometimes goes unseen. This is visual masking. In an experiment treating a masked visual stimulus as the sensory outcome of self-initiated action, we demonstrate that self-initiated action can rescue visual targets from backwards masks. Specifically, participants were correct about a visual target more often when the target-mask sequence appeared after their self-initiated action than when its onset was triggered externally. While self-initiated action sometimes induces sensory attenuation, whereby the perception of sensory events that follow actions is dampened, we observed that self-initiated action promotes the perception of …

Immunocytochemistry Evaluation Of Fibroblast Response To Garlic (Allium Sativum) Extract Targeting Mmp9: In Vitro And In Silico Approaches, Sri Suciati Ningsih, Endah Zuraidah, Supri Irianti Handayani, Ahmad Ali Irfan Ardiansyah, Ningrum Wahyuni

Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics

Background: Fibrosis involves excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, with matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) playing a critical role. Natural compounds targeting MMP-9 may offer therapeutic potential. Objective: This study evaluated the antifibrotic effect of Allium sativum extract on fibroblast cells through in vitro and in silico approaches targeting MMP-9. Methods: Human dermal fibroblasts were treated with A. sativum extract (25, 50, and 100 µg/mL) for 24 and 48 hours. Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay. MMP-9 expression was analyzed via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunocytochemistry (ICC). Major garlic compounds were docked to MMP-9 using AutoDock Vina. Results: The 50 µg/mL …

High Spatial Resolution Crop Type And Land Use Land Cover Classification Without Labels: A Framework Using Multi-Temporal Planetscope Images And Variational Bayesian Gaussian Mixture Model, Minh Tri Le

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Previous studies often combined high spatial resolution data (e.g., PlanetScope) with wider spectral range data (e.g., Sentinel-2) and relied on supervised classification methods to produce land use and land cover (LULC) maps. This study proposed a new unsupervised framework to generate crop type and LULC maps at high spatial resolution (< 5 m) using available PlanetScope data solely without requiring ground truths. We used PlanetScope surface reflectance images and their derived spectral indices during growing seasons to create multi-temporal input features, which were fed into an unsupervised Variational Bayesian Gaussian Mixture Model (VBGMM). The VBGMM, unlike the traditional unsupervised classification methods, (1) first estimated optimal parameters that are most suitable based on the input features and then (2) assigned pixels to the cluster with maximum posteriori probability of a mixture of several Gaussian distributions. The crop type and LULC maps were then generated by labeling the derived clusters using the best possible assignment method, referring to the existing crop type or LULC products. We evaluated the produced PlanetScope-based crop type and LULC maps using true labels, corresponding reference maps, and other unsupervised classification methods. The results demonstrated the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed framework in mapping crop types and LULC at 3–5 m pixels across various ecosystems, climate zones, and human-managed landscapes. The spatial patterns of PlanetScope-based maps were (1) highly comparable with all the reference datasets at 10–30 m spatial resolution and (2) better than the traditional GMM and K-means clustering methods. The VBGMM produced classification maps with high confidence, yielding class probabilities above 0.9 for over 90 % of all study areas. The area percentage for all crop type and LULC classes agreed well with their reference maps, with R2 of 0.95 and RMSE of 1.04 %. The confusion matrices using true labels indicated that PlanetScope-based maps achieved a higher overall accuracy of 84 % than the supervised referenced maps of 81 %. Besides, the entropy comparison showed that our framework-based maps were better at capturing fine-scale features such as developed areas within cities that commonly mix with open space and vegetation, deforestation and cropland conversion in South America, smallholder croplands in Africa and Asia, and generating homogeneous crop fields in North America. This study further highlighted the potential for future research to implement our proposed framework to generate timely and extensive annotated datasets, which can be used for operationally training machine learning models to map crop types and LULC, track deforestation, detect wildfires, and delineate flooded areas at larger scales using medium/coarse Earth observations.

A Novel Microdosimetry-Based Formalism For Cell Survival Modelling Applicable To Hypofractionated Radiotherapy, Oleg N Vassiliev, Radhe Mohan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives

Hypofractionated radiotherapy requires reliable cell survival models for doses much higher than the standard 2 Gy, for which the linear-quadratic (LQ) model is not applicable. We developed an alternative approach applicable to both low doses and high doses used in hypofractionated treatments and radiobiological experiments.

Approach.

We combined a standard microdosimetric technique with a recently introduced non-LQ cell survival model. Our formulation accounts for cell damage by multi-track events involving any number of particles. This is necessary for modelling cell survival at therapeutic doses. We characterise each cell type by the size �� of the sensitive volume (SV) and …

Optimal Water Hammer Protection Strategies For Low-Head Hydraulic Systems: A Case Study Using Bentley Hammer, Ahmed A. Abdel-Naby, Mostafa A. Abdel-Moaty, Eslam R. Lotfy

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The analysis of water hammer in low-head hydraulic systems holds significant importance compared to that in high-head systems, particularly given instances where Thorley’s equation may fall short in providing accurate pump inertia values. In situations where manufacturer data are unavailable, proactive measures to mitigate potential hammering incidents become imperative. While Bentley HAMMER software provides robust simulation capabilities, optimal protection strategies for low-head systems remain underexplored. This case study focuses on a scenario involving multistage centrifugal pumps that lift water from the basement floor of a building to its roof via a polypropylene pipeline. The investigation revealed a novel configuration: relocating …

Spatial Patterning And Growth Of Naturally Regenerated Eastern White Pine In A Northern Hardwood Silviculture Experiment, David A. Kromholz, Christopher R. Webster, Mike Hyslop

Michigan Tech Publications

In forests dominated by deciduous tree species, coniferous species are often disproportionately important because of their contrasting functional traits. Eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.), once a widespread emergent canopy species, co-occurs with deciduous hardwoods in the northern Lake States, but is often uncommon in contemporary hardwood stands. To gain insights into the potential utility of hardwood management strategies for simultaneously regenerating white pine, we leveraged a northern hardwood silvicultural experiment with scattered overstory pine. Seven growing seasons post-harvest, we conducted a complete census of white pine regeneration (height ≥ 30 cm) and mapped their locations and the locations of …

Transformative Role Of Laser Technology In Ophthalmology And Dermatology: A Mini Review Of Precision Applications In Modern Medicine, Haider Hameed, Maryam Aqeel, Hussein Rafid, Rasha Sabah, Mustafa Fadhel, Zahraa Hameed, Muqtada Khalawi, Zahraa Sarmed, Ail Ahmed, Ayat Abd Albari, Lina M. Shaker

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

Laser technology has significantly transformed healthcare and biological sciences by Laser devices are offered precision, efficiency, and Multiple simple solutions in various medical fields and research domains. In ophthalmology, lasers play a pivotal role in vision correction, retinal imaging, and therapeutic applications, such as femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK and two-photon fluorescence scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. Dermatology has also benefited from CO₂, Nd:YAG, excimer, and Q-switched lasers, which are widely used for pigmentation disorders, tattoo removal, and skin rejuvenation. Moreover, Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) enhances wound healing and tissue regeneration, while intense pulsed light (IPL) and diode lasers improve hair removal …

The Relationship Between Hand Grip Strength And Cognitive Function In Middle-Aged And Elderly People In China: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Based On Charls Data, Haiwei Li, Jing Zhang, Peipei Cheng, Liwei Guo, Xuemei Sui M.D., M.P.H., Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

This study explores the relationship between hand grip strength (HGS) and cognitive function in China’s middle-aged and elderly population. We employed a cross-sectional design using data from 4535 participants aged ≥ 45 years from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study national dataset. The relationships between HGS and various dimensions of cognitive function, as well as the association between HGS and cognitive impairment, were investigated using ordinary least squares regression models and logistic regression models. Dose–response relationships between HGS and cognitive impairment were modeled using restricted cubic spline curves. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness …

Summary Of Taxonomy Changes Ratified By The International Committee On Taxonomy Of Viruses (Ictv) From The Bacterial Viruses Subcommittee, 2025, Dann Turner, Evelien M. Adriaenssens, Rudolf I. Amann, Pavol Bardy, Nina Bartlau, Jakub Barylski, Stanislaw Błażejak, Majid Bouzari, Ariane Briegel, Yves Briers, Daniel Carrillo, Xia Chen, Dennis Classen, Ryan Cook, Marco A. Crisci, Arnaud Dechesne, Paulina Deptula, Bas E. Dutith, Bert Ely, Lars Fieseler, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

This article summarises the activities of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Bacterial Viruses Subcommittee, detailing developments in the classification of bacterial viruses. We provide here an overview of all new, abolished, moved and renamed taxa proposed in 2024, approved by the Executive Committee, and ratified by membership vote in 2025. Through the collective efforts of 74 international contributors of taxonomy proposals in this round, 43 ratified proposals have led to the creation of one new phylum, one class, four orders, 33 families, 14 subfamilies, 194 genera and 995 species. These proposals mark significant progress in refining the taxonomy …