Digital Commons Network^™

Response To Petition For Rehearing En Banc, Felicia M. Sonmez V. Wp Company Llc Et Al, Madeline H. Meth, Brian Wolfman, Becca Steinberg, Regina Wong, Elizabeth Brownstein, Nathaniel Allen Deacon

Faculty Scholarship

Felicia Sonmez alleges that the Washington Post violated the D.C. Human Rights Act by banning her from covering certain stories because she is a woman and a sexual-assault survivor. Op. 2-3. After finding Sonmez’s detailed allegations plausible, a panel of this Court rejected as premature the Post’s First Amendment defense that its decision was driven not by discrimination but by a desire to maintain an appearance of objectivity. Op. 4. Because “what actually motivated the Post editors to impose the bans on Sonmez is a factual question,” the panel held, the Post’s First Amendment defense could not be resolved on …

The Purpose Of The Preliminary Injunction, Samuel L. Bray

Vanderbilt Law Review

This Article explores a reshaping of the preliminary injunction that is occurring in the federal courts. A preliminary injunction is designed to be a “hold in place” order, blocking actions by the parties that would undermine the efficacy of the court’s remedial options. But the preliminary injunction is becoming a device for accelerating the merits decision. Instead of a four-factor test for preliminary relief, increasingly there is one factor: the merits. This Article critiques this transformation, and it argues that the preliminary injunction should be recentered on the protection of the court’s remedial options.

Rethinking The Litigation Boom, Charlotte S. Alexander

Vanderbilt Law Review

This Article rethinks the functions and functioning of litigation booms. Using an original data set that tracks Fair Labor Standards Act cases during the 2000–2016 period, the Article shows that booms are not anomalies but are instead an expected behavior in our distributed system of civil law enforcement. Specifically, plaintiffs and their lawyers “herd” or converge on a particular type of case, fueled by information transmitted via networks, made available to the general public, or both. The data also reveal that booms can end on their own, reaching a natural tipping point without legislative or judicial retrenchment. This analysis has …

The Pamela Anderson Exception: How The Public Figure Doctrine Makes Involuntary Pornography A Subject Of Public Concern In Congress’S Revenge Porn Statute, Jared Kossover

Vanderbilt Law Review

Congress’s chosen remedy for the proliferation of online revenge porn has a design flaw. The Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act, codified in 15 U.S.C. § 6851, provides a civil right, enforceable in federal court, to victims of nonconsensual pornography. However, exceptions for matters within the “public concern,” written into the statute with the First Amendment in mind, weaken the force of the Act and threaten to make its proscriptions a nullity. This Note calls on Congress to narrow the public concern exception in the Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act to include only matters of political significance. Such an amendment will …

Understanding Brady Violations, Jennifer M. Mcaward

Vanderbilt Law Review

This largest-ever study of adjudicated violations of Brady v. Maryland provides a detailed and nuanced understanding of who suppresses material evidence in criminal cases, as well as why, how, where, and how often. Its findings complicate the conventional wisdom that Brady violations are the work of nefarious prosecutors who intentionally withhold material evidence from criminal defendants. While it is true that “bad faith” permeates this area of constitutional noncompliance, a substantial minority of Brady cases stem from “good faith” errors by prosecutors and suppression by law enforcement officers. Mostviolations occur in a small number of states, and most often, state …

Energizing Federal Action Toward A More Coherent National Nuclear Waste Policy, Sydney C. Schoonover

Vanderbilt Law Review

Nuclear power offers the United States one viable path toward decarbonization of the energy sector as the only zero-emission energy source capable of baseload generation. Despite the clear climatic, economic, and energy independence benefits of expanding reliance on nuclear power and the emergence of cheaper, safer, and more efficient advanced reactor technology that has lowered barriers to adoption, buildout of nuclear generation capacity faces impediments. The lack of a comprehensive national nuclear waste management strategy is perhaps the most significant obstacle to the siting of new nuclear power facilities. Currently, due to the federal government’s failure to establish a geologic …

Masthead

UC Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Digital Dollar: Privacy And Transparency Dilemma, Jiayin Jiang

UC Law Journal

Many have voiced concerns that the digital dollar, a digital form of central bank money, will facilitate government surveillance, thus depriving users of privacy. This Article investigates critical technical designs proposed by leading think tanks, central banks, and scholars from interdisciplinary fields, reaching a surprising conclusion that contradicts popular belief: a digital dollar can offer better privacy protection than existing digital payment systems. The Article argues that those expressing concerns have made two flawed assumptions: (1) that digital dollar data is fully transparent regarding personal information and transaction details and (2) that the government or Federal Reserve has unrestricted access …

The Case Against Surge Pricing, Ramsi A. Woodcock

UC Law Journal

Surge pricing—using data and algorithms to raise prices in response to unexpected increases in demand—has spread across the economy in recent years, from Amazon and Disney World to commuter highways and, of course, Uber, which is infamous for surge pricing rides. Companies claim that surge pricing equilibrates supply and demand, but that is impossible, at least in the short run when demand unexpectedly outstrips supply. What surge pricing really does is to ration existing supply based on ability to pay. That is both distributively unjust and potentially inefficient. It should also be considered a violation of the antitrust laws because …

The Pathway To And Consequences Of Foster Parent Intervention In Dependency Cases, Gillian Katz Lamon

UC Law Journal

Over the last 50 years, federal child welfare legislation has wrestled with how to reconcile the competing goals of the child welfare system: child protection, family preservation, and permanency. The United States foster care system has evolved alongside transformations in private adoptions. As the prospects for private adoption have dwindled, the pendulum has shifted toward prioritizing child protection. Youth in foster care have suddenly become the private adoption alternative. Most recently, some state courts have granted foster parents standing to intervene in termination of parental rights proceedings. In those cases, foster parents are permitted to battle with natural parents for …

Compensated To The Moon: The Impact Of Excessive Compensation On Director Independence Post Tornetta V. Musk, Andrea Olofson Chen

UC Law Journal

Excessive director compensation erodes the independence that directors are supposed to bring to boardrooms. In theory, directors are meant to serve as objective parties, overseeing corporations using their care, skill, and loyalty to promote sound decisionmaking. However, excessive compensation can create the unintended ill-effect of rendering a director beholden to upper management and unable to make clear-eyed, impartial decisions. To mitigate this problem, this Note advocates for the implementation of tenure limits, compensation caps, and enhanced proxy disclosures to ensure that board members uphold their fiduciary duties and make decisions in the best interests of the corporations they serve rather …

Study Of Laws And Regulations Related To The Management Of Florfenicol Detection Cases In Swine, Shinnawat Saengungsumalee

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Florfenicol, an antibiotic permitted in veterinary medicine, currently lacks an established maximum residue limit (MRL) in meat products in Thailand, effectively mandating undetectable residue levels. In May 2024, Thailand Pesticide Alert Network reported florfenicol residues in swine, raising concerns about consumer safety, rational veterinary drug use, and the potential for antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Addressing these issues involves multiple laws, decrees, and regulations across various agencies. Objectives: To analyze laws and regulations managing florfenicol residue detection in swine. Materials and Methods: This documentary research examines relevant laws, regulations, and measures for florfenicol in livestock and compares Thailand’s regulations with those …

Do You Know Where Your Trademark Is? How The Fourth Circuit’S Interpretation Of The Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act Correctly Protects Trademark Owners Online, Alexa Blandeburgo

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

This Note argues that the Fourth Circuit correctly held that “registration” encompasses both the initial and subsequent registration of a domain name under the ACPA. The Ninth Circuit’s narrow interpretation oversimplified the complexity of domain name ownership and thereby created a narrow loophole for cybersquatters to evade liability. Part I of this Note provides an overview of cybersquatting and the statutory framework that practitioners used prior to the enactment of the ACPA. Part II of this Note compares the ACPA and the UDRP and why a trademark owner would choose one avenue for relief as opposed to the other. …

Lie-Ability: A Technical Analysis Of The Application Of Section 230 Immunity To Chatbot Outputs, Abigail Drummond

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

This Note argues that under the material contribution test for determining service provider liability under Section 230(c), software developers are likely covered under the CDA for civil and criminal liability for chatbot and other generative AI outputs. Part I will review the legislative purpose and subsequent case law of Section 230(c) of the CDA. Part I will also discuss the material contribution test, the prevailing standard for determining service provider liability developed by the Ninth Circuit and generally adopted across federal courts. Part II will provide an overview of how chatbots work and present the state of chatbot regulation …

The Missing Caselaw Of Reverse-Payment Settlements, Michael A. Carrier, Edward Bank

St. John's Law Review

In 2013, the Supreme Court issued one of the most important antitrust rulings in the past generation. In FTC v. Actavis, the Court held that agreements by which brand drug firms pay generics to delay entering the market could violate antitrust law.

Some have criticized the Court for not providing sufficient guidance on the type of analysis courts should apply to settlements involving “reverse payments” (in which patentees pay infringers to delay entry in contrast to more typical agreements by which alleged infringers pay patentees to enter). For example, in his dissent in Actavis, Chief Justice Roberts wrote: …

Guaranteeing The Press, Jacob M. Schriner-Briggs

St. John's Law Review

A vibrant press is vital to meaningful self-government. Indeed, the indispensability of investigative journalism to democracy raises the stakes of the news industry’s ongoing collapse. Many of the country’s most prominent outlets are shedding jobs as local operations shutter entirely. The downstream effects of this market contraction frustrate the informed exercise of popular sovereignty.

Because journalism is a public good in the economic sense, the state must intervene to provision it. To this end, scholars have generally endorsed one of two legal bases for government action. The first argues that the First Amendment can constitutionalize press-favoring market interventions. The second …

Gender Sidelining In Schools And The Scourge Of Single Sex School Leadership, Kelley King, Jessica Fink

St. John's Law Review

Concerns about unequal gender representation have plagued virtually every workplace in recent decades. In countless professions, even those in which women comprise a majority of the workforce, leadership positions are dominated by men. Often, the inability of women to rise within the professional hierarchy stems not only from overt acts of sex discrimination, but also from more subtle and nuanced bias in the workplace—bias referred to in other research as “gender sidelining.” This sidelining seems particularly paradoxical when it arises in professions in which women already have been funneled due to their gender—including the education sphere. In this way, the …

Benchmarked For Arbitration: Work Avoidance As An Explanation For Why Judges Have Become Increasingly Favorable Toward Compelled Arbitration, Michael Conklin

Pepperdine Law Review

The clear trajectory over the last 100 years has been for judges to become increasingly more favorable toward sending disputes to compelled arbitration and enforcing arbitration awards. This results in a modern widespread proliferation of compelled arbitration that has become increasingly controversial. Some have alleged that the steady trend toward courts favoring compelled arbitration is the result of a corresponding building up of trust among judges in the arbitration process. This Article posits an alternative theory: Namely, judges face immense incentives to clear their dockets, and compelled arbitration is a highly efficient tool to that end. Exploring the historical trajectory …

Arbitration Fees, Expenses And Determination Controls, Muhanned Al-Taani, Tawfiq Al-Majali, Rageh Mosabeh, Yousef Mayah

Jordan Journal of Applied Science-Humanities Series

The Jordanian Arbitration Law No. 31 of 2001, along with its amendment No. 16 of 2018, addresses arbitration fees and expenses. Article 41/D (1, 2, 3) outlines how to determine the arbitrators' fees, their distribution, and how to handle situations when one party fails to pay its share, assigning the second party to pay on their behalf. Once the final arbitration decision is issued, the arbitration fees and expenses are determined. Decisions regarding these fees are subject to appeal before the relevant appeals court within fifteen days. However, the law does not comprehensively regulate this matter. Unless a written agreement …

Making Their Mark: Women Judges On The U.S. Courts Of Appeals, Laura P. Moyer, John Szmer, Susan Haire, Robert Christensen

ConLawNOW

Women who reach the bench in the U.S. Courts of Appeals have endured the gauntlet of law school, legal practice, and Senate confirmation to secure their prestigious place in the federal judiciary. How do these exceptional individuals approach their role in shaping judicial policy—and how do their colleagues receive their work? In this paper, we will draw on findings from an original dataset of published decisions from 2009-2016 that suggests that women judges invest more time and effort in crafting majority opinions than their male counterparts, but that this investment has a comparatively lower yield in influencing the development of …

Navigating The Paths To Justice: A Study On The Role Of Social Supports In Responding To Justiciable Events, Andrew Pilliar

Journal of Law and Social Policy

This article reports the results of an in-depth qualitative study of advice-seeking behaviours in a large Canadian city. Nine participants were recruited from neighbourhood houses in the Vancouver area to discuss their experiences in responding to one of two kinds of justiciable event: a personal injury or a government benefits problem. The paper offers a detailed discussion of nuances in how individuals experienced, characterized, and took action in response to their justiciable problem. Notably, many of the research participants spoke about the importance of social supports and the contingent nature of those supports, both in understanding what they had experienced …

The Case For Expanding The Right To An Interpreter Beyond The Courtroom, Ivy Tengge Xu

Journal of Law and Social Policy

For an accused who is not proficient in an official language, interpreter assistance is critical to ensure a basic level of understanding and participation in the criminal process. Section 14 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms constitutionalizes the protection against linguistic prejudice in legal proceedings. The Supreme Court of Canada has given section 14 a generous interpretation in the criminal context, but the availability and quality of courtroom interpretation is often compromised in practice due to a shortage of qualified interpreters and concerns about delays. Outside the courtroom, however, neither the Charter nor any statutory right in Canada …

Upaya Hukum Bagi Pembeli Akibat Penerbitan Sertipikat Pengganti Dalam Pengikatan Jual Beli (Studi Putusan Nomor 646/Pid.B/2023/Pn. Mtr.), Alda Anabela Adelina

Indonesian Notary

Penelitian ini meneliti tentang penerbitan sertipikat pengganti setelah akta Pengikatan Jual Beli dibuat oleh Notaris. Penerbitan sertipikat pengganti tersebut dilakukan dengan alasan hilang dengan menyerahkan surat keterangan dari kepolisian. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan terdapat 2 (dua) dokumen fisik yakni sertipikat tanah dengan nomor yang sama. Hal tersebut berakibat kerugian terhadap pihak pembeli yang menguasai fisik sertipikat pertama karena dengan penerbitan sertipikat pengganti membatalkan sertipikat terdahulu. Kasus tersebut yang terjadi dalam Putusan Nomor 646/Pid.B/2023/PN.Mtr. Penelitian ini menganalisis kedudukan akta Pengikatan Jual Beli yang kemudian terdapat penerbitan sertipikat pengganti berdasarkan Putusan Nomor 646/Pid.B/2023/PN.Mtr. dan menganalisis upaya hukum yang bisa dilakukan pembeli untuk memperjuangkan …

Keabsahan Perjanjian Perkawinan Yang Dicatatkan Debitor Setelah Dinyatakan Pailit Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia Nomor 69/Puu-Xiii/2015 (Studi Putusan-Putusan Pengadilan), Nadira Ratunanda Wirjono

Indonesian Notary

Penelitian ini mengkaji keabsahan perjanjian perkawinan yang dicatatkan debitor setelah dinyatakan pailit berdasarkan analisis dari beberapa putusan-putusan pengadilan. Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah analisis perubahan regulasi pencatatan perjanjian perkawinan pasca berlakunya Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69 Tahun 2015, serta kekuatan mengikatnya perjanjian perkawinan yang dibuat sebelum debitor dinyatakan pailit namun belum dicatatkan terhadap kreditur yang mengajukan permohonan pailit. Untuk itu, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan doktrinal, dimana analisis dilakukan terhadap putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 894 K/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2019, putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 461 K/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2019, dan putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 562 K/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2021 dalam bentuk penelitian studi pustaka yang menggunakan data-data sekunder, yakni dari berbagai …

Kedudukan Hukum Anak Bawaan Dalam Perkara Kepemilikan Hak Atas Tanah Dalam Perkawinan Campuran (Studi Putusan Nomor 280/Pdt.G/2021/Pn Btm), Rana Mahirah

Indonesian Notary

Pengurusan harta warisan yang melibatkan anak kandung dan pasangan kedua menimbulkan berbagai macam celah hukum jika tidak dilaksanakan sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku, terutama jika perkawinan kedua tersebut merupakan perkawinan campuran yang harus lebih diperhatikan lagi ketentuan ketentuannya terkait harta dan bendanya yang dapat menimbulkan sengketa di kemudian hari. Penelitian ini membahas tentang kedudukan anak bawaan dalam perkawinan kedua orang tuanya dan peran dan tanggung jawab terhadap notaris dalam melakukan pengurusan harta waris, dengan mengangkat kasus dalam Putusan Nomor 280/Pdt.G/2021/PN Btm. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode penelitian doktrinal dengan tipe penelitian eksplanatoris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa anak bawaan dari perkawinan sebelumnya …

Keabsahan Surat Pernyataan Talak Pada Poligami Siri Menurut Hukum Perkawinan Islam Dalam Perspektif Al-Ahkam Al-Khams Dan Maqashid Al-Syariah, Aisyah Fildzah Khairunnisa

Indonesian Notary

Penelitian ini menganalisis keabsahan surat pernyataan talak pada poligami siri berdasarkan Hukum Perkawinan Islam. Fokus pembahasan penelitian ini didapati sebab dalam masyarakat, perkawinan tidak selalu dilaksanakan sesuai dengan hukum yang berlaku, sehingga masalah mengenai perkawinan berkembang cukup luas. Salah satu masalah perkawinan yang pratiknya masih dilakukan dalam masyarakat yaitu perkawinan poligami siri. Berdasarkan SEMA Nomor 3 Tahun 2018, perkawinan poligami siri tidak dapat melakukan mekanisme itsbat nikah, sehingga pemutusan hubungan perkawinan dapat terjadi di luar Pengadilan. Untuk mengkaji apakah pemutusan hubungan perkawinan yang terjadi di luar Pengadilan adalah penyelesaian yang tepat, maka dilakukan kajian dalam perspektif Al-Ahkam Al-Khams dan Maqashid …

Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Dalam Penyelenggaraan Musyawarah Sebagai Dasar Penetapan Ganti Kerugian Pengadaan Tanah Untuk Pembangunan Bendungan Bener (Studi Putusan Peninjauan Kembali Nomor 1382 Pk/Pdt/2022), Eileen Gani Setiawan

Indonesian Notary

Musyawarah antara pemilik tanah dengan pihak yang membutuhkan tanah merupakan suatu kewajiban dalam pelaksanaan pengadaan tanah berdasarkan Pasal 37 UU Pengadaan Tanah. Namun pada putusan Peninjauan Kembali Nomor 1382 PK/Pdt/2022, proses musyawarah untuk pembangunan Bendungan Bener tidak dilakukan sesuai ketentuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian doktrinal dengan analisis kualitatif. Terdapat 2 (dua) rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini, pertama, kedudukan dan kekuatan hukum hasil musyawarah sebagai dasar penetapan ganti kerugian pada kasus pengadaan tanah dalam putusan Peninjauan Kembali Nomor 1382 PK/Pdt/2022; kedua, tentang pertimbangan majelis hakim terhadap gugatan perbuatan melawan hukum yang dilakukan oleh para warga dalam putusan Peninjauan Kembali Nomor …

Pengalihan Hak Atas Tagih Piutang Secara Sepihak Yang Menyebabkan Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Berdasarkan Akta Perjanjian Kredit (Studi Putusan Nomor 50/Pdt.G/2020/Pn.Bks), Lidya Dwi Putri

Indonesian Notary

Penelitian ini membahas Perbuatan Melawan Hukum terkait pengalihan Hak Atas Tagihan Piutang secara sepihak berdasarkan akta perjanjian kredit antara kreditur dan debitur. Untuk mendalami topik ini, penelitian ini merujuk pada Putusan Nomor 50/PDT.G/2020/PN.Bks. Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah akibat hukum dari pengalihan hak atas tagihan piutang yang berhubungan dengan Akta Perjanjian Kredit. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menganalisis Perbuatan Melawan Hukum dalam konteks pengalihan hak atas tagihan (cessie) secara sepihak berdasarkan Akta tersebut. Teori yang dibahas mencakup Kredit, Hukum Perjanjian, Pengalihan Piutang (Cessie), Wanprestasi, dan Perbuatan Melawan Hukum. Penulis juga mengkaji dasar hukum yang relevan untuk Akta Perjanjian Kredit serta …

Urgensi Pengaturan Sanksi Bagi Notaris Pengganti Terhadap Kesalahan Dalam Pembuatan Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (Ppjb) (Studi Putusan Majelis Pengawas Wilayah Notaris Provinsi Dki Jakarta Nomor: 13/Pts/Mj.Pwn.Prov.Dkijakarta/V/2024), Regina Triana Kamila

Indonesian Notary

Dalam pelaksanaan tugas dan jabatan notaris pengganti, kemungkinan terdapat kesalahan berupa pelanggaran dalam pembuatan akta sebagaimana yang terdapat dalam Putusan Majelis Pengawas Wilayah (MPW) Notaris Provinsi DKI Jakarta Nomor 13/PTS/Mj.PWN.Prov.DKIJakarta/V/2024 dimana terlapor sebagai notaris pengganti dalam membuat Akta PPJB tidak mematuhi ketentuan UUJN dan menjadikan akta tersebut sebagai dasar penjaminan objek tanah jual beli didalamnya melalui pembuatan SKMHT dalam perpanjangan kredit oleh pembeli di Bank. MPW menyatakan terlapor terbukti bersalah melanggar UUJN namun tidak memberikan sanksi apapun karena telah berakhir masa jabatannya. Permasalahan yang diteliti adalah kedudukan hukum Akta PPJB sebagai dasar penjaminan hak atas tanah pada pengajuan kredit di …

Kedudukan Pemegang Hak Guna Bangunan Pada Komplek Pertokoan Jalan Gajah Mada Kota Pekalongan Terkait Sengketa Kepemilikan Dengan Pt. Kereta Api Indonesia (Studi Kasus: Catatan Dalam Sertipikat Hak Guna Bangunan Nomor: 00138/Bendankergon), Nico Rexhan Halimana

Indonesian Notary

Artikel menganalisis mengenai kedudukan Pemegang Hak Guna Bangunan Nomor: 00138/Bendankergon. Pemegang Hak atas Tanah berupa Hak Guna Bangunan seharusnya mempunyai hak dalam melakukan perbuatan hukum sesuai dengan peraturan perundang – undangan. Pokok permasalahannya, dalam Sertipikat HGB Nomor: 00138/Bendankergon terdapat catatan dalam lembar pendaftaran peralihan hak, pembebanan, dan pencatatan lainnya pada kolom sebab perubahan, yaitu: “Selain pelayanan perpanjangan dan/atau pembaruan hak tidak dapat diproses sebelum terdapat kesepakatan antara masyarakat pemegang hak dengan PT. Kereta Api Indonesia dan/atau putusan pengadilan”. Catatan tersebut mengakibatkan pemegang HGB tidak dapat melakukan perbuatan hukum sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah doktrinal dengan tipologi …