Digital Commons Network^™

U.S. V. Washington: Considering The Continuing Injunction Of The Boldt Decision, Nicholas Brown

Public Land & Resources Law Review

Judge George Hugo Boldt’s 1974 opinion in United States v. Washington was a landmark decision in the recognition of treaty fishing rights for tribes in western Washington. Not only did it recognize the entitlement to 50% of harvestable yields of fish within the tribes’ usual and accustomed fishing sites, but it also provided a permanent injunction to protect future fishing rights for generations to come. Now, over fifty years since the original “Boldt decision” was made, judges in the Ninth Circuit are debating whether the continued injunction to litigate intertribal disputes over treaty fishing rights is proper. This article considers …

Frye Is So Last Century: It’S Time For Washington To Get With The Times, Darian Mullen

Seattle Journal of Technology, Environmental, & Innovation Law

This paper argues that Washington State should finally abandon the

Frye test for expert witnesses and adopt the Daubert test used by federal

courts and most states. It begins with a discussion of the background of

expert witnesses in the U.S. court system and its evolution through Frye.

Then, it looks at the increase in drunk driving in Washington State as a

case study for how the public depends on quality science to protect

individuals and punish wrongdoers. Through the case study, it is

apparent that Frye is an unworkable standard that should be superseded

by Daubert.

Welcome Tilly Norwood: Forecasting Hollywood’S Ai Policy Futures, Samuel P. Rooker

Senior Honors Projects, 2020-current

In late 2025, weekly trade publication Variety Magazine reported on the announcement of a new acting talent in Hollywood: Tilly Norwood. Norwood is an industry outsider and the pet project of Eline Van der Velden, who unveiled the actress’ existence to the world at the Zurich Film Festival. The announcement quickly gained media coverage while Van der Velden has since faced cyclical backlash from Hollywood trade unions, which does not seem entirely without reason. Tilly Norwood is a digital persona, a generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) program, designed by Van der Velden’s novel AI talent studio, Xicoia, to become the next …

Holding Museums Accountable: Utilizing Criminal Sanctions To Support Repatriation Of Illegally Acquired Cultural Property, Mary Jane Apostle

Washington and Lee Law Review Online

Antiquities trafficking is the third largest form of illegal trade in the world after arms and drugs. In 2020, over 850,000 stolen or looted antiquities were seized worldwide, with the illegal trade growing significantly due to the rise of social media and online platforms. International law, federal agencies, and civil liability have not been successful in curtailing the illegal antiquities trade.

This Note traces New York’s legal evolution from protecting museums that displayed looted artifacts to mandating greater transparency through origin and ownership disclosures. Central to this shift is the creation of the Antiquities Trafficking Unit (ATU) by the Manhattan …

Off-The-Shelf Danger: The Need For Overhauling Faa Regulations To Combat The Misuse Of Commercial And Recreational Drones, Ka Ching "Cyrus" Au

Seattle Journal of Technology, Environmental, & Innovation Law

This article discusses how FAA Part 107 has not kept pace with

advances in drone technology and advocates for a tailored solution for

drones. The increasing accessibility of sophisticated drone technology

presents significant national security and public safety challenges.

Regulatory frameworks posed by the Federal Aviation Administration

(FAA) are insufficient to address these growing concerns. The drone

technology originally marketed and developed for photography,

agriculture, and package delivery is now being repurposed for military use

and illegal activities. In the Russo–Ukrainian war, drones are now used to

carry advanced reconnaissance capabilities or are equipped with remotely

detonated explosives. Along a …

“A Land No One Would Want”: Environmental Activism And The Rejection Of ‘Wasteland’ Narratives In Southern Nevada, Steven Butler

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

This paper traces events within the history of environmental activism in Southern Nevada. The first chapter discusses the proposed high level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain. The second chapter examines the closure of the Reid Gardner Generating Station in Moapa, Nevada. The third chapter details the Southern Nevada Water Authority’s Groundwater Development Project. Each of the three chapters is linked by common themes within the history of Southern Nevada environmental activism, including dedicated coalition-building and the refusal of “wastelanding” of the region.

Red, Blue, And Bordered: Factors Influencing Immigration Attitudes, Estefania Morales Vilchis

Political Science Student Papers and Posters

The paper will explore the various social and individual variables that will impact how people perceive immigration as either beneficial to society or a societal threat. Some of the primary variables that will be examined in detail are one’s political affiliation, age, and geographical location; this will address the profound "why" behind our current beliefs on newcomers. The study will particularly address the "Contact Hypothesis" versus "Group Threat Theory" through the lens of how one's personal experiences with immigrants, or lack of, will shape public opinion. The study will focus on the rising psychological issue of "demographic anxiety", specifically, fears …

Hammurabi’S Laws: Ancient Traditions Of Violence, Aaron Secrist

The Confluence

The tradition of enforcing private property through violence is truly ancient, and goes back thousands of years to the first civilizations. There exists a prevailing attitude that contemporary culture is more “civilized” than the first organized societies – and while it’s true in some ways, our laws are still remarkably similar to those practiced in antiquity. In the following essay, I analyze the Law Code of Hammurabi and examine its parallels to the way laws function today. First, I will provide context for the technological advances that made the first city-states possible, then give a cultural and economic overview of …

The Political Economy Of Fashion Sustainability Regulation, Meital Peleg Mizrachi, Rachel Chambers

UC Law Business Journal

The global fashion industry is one of the world’s most polluting and exploitative sectors, emitting more greenhouse gases than all international flights and maritime shipping combined, driving extensive water contamination and waste, and relying on labor conditions that remain chronically unsafe and underpaid. Regulation has attempted to respond, but with limited success. Existing sustainability oversight—ranging from import bans and human rights due diligence statutes to environmental taxes and voluntary industry frameworks—remains fragmented and unevenly enforced, shaped by geopolitical tensions, protectionist agendas, and shifting policy priorities. This Article reviews the rapidly evolving landscape of fashion sustainability regulation over the past decade …

Carter (Tyler) V. State Of Nevada, 123 Nev. Adv. Op. 45 (May. 14, 2026), Natalie D'Ambrosio

Nevada Supreme Court Summaries

Carter v. State of Nevada holds that drivers involved in injury crashes must stop, provide identification, and render reasonable assistance, but are not required to remain at the scene until law enforcement authorizes departure.

Completely Abandon Complete Auto: Why Modern Tax Policy Challenges Require Removing The Commerce Clause’S Restrictions On State Taxation, Peter Nielsen

UC Law Business Journal

The Complete Auto four-prong test is the modern analytical framework for courts to analyze whether a state-level tax discriminates against interstate commerce in violation of the Dormant Commerce Clause. The test asks whether (i) the taxpayer has substantial nexus to the taxing state, (ii) the tax is fairly apportioned to reflect the taxpayer’s activities in the state, (iii) the tax discriminates against interstate economic activity in favor of local activity, and (iv) the tax is fairly related to the goods and services provided by the state. The Complete Auto test faces critiques from both judges and scholars for its inconsistent …

After The “Partner Run”: The Dewey & Leboeuf Diaspora, Andrew Granato

UC Law Business Journal

“Partner runs”—mass, near-instantaneous departures of partners from distressed law firms—are a distinctive feature of the American legal profession, produced by an interaction of legal ethics rules, partnership governance, and bankruptcy law. A partner run means that even large and profitable law firms can abruptly liquidate. Given this fragility, it is urgent to learn: do partner runs and the governance law that enables them impose lasting harm on the legal profession by permanently damaging the careers of the lawyers caught in them?

This Article provides the first comprehensive empirical examination of this issue using the 2012 bankruptcy of Dewey & LeBoeuf, …

California (+6.5) Vs. Sportsbooks: Cooperative Federalism & The Future Of Sports Gambling In California, Kyle Geffon

UC Law Business Journal

No abstract provided.

Pwnagotchi: Deauthentication Attacks, Wpa Handshakes, And Wireless Network Security, Emily Musgrove

Computer Science Honors Papers

Wireless networks are the foundation of modern device communication infrastructure. This project examines the security implications of automated WPA/WPA2 handshake collection using the Pwnagotchi, a portable Wi-Fi network auditing and penetration testing device. The paper provides a technical analysis of WPA and WPA2 authentication mechanisms, including the structure of the 4-way handshake, the creation of cryptographic keys, and the role of deauthentication attacks in forcing reconnections for handshake capture. Additionally, the project explores the vulnerabilities associated with using legacy wireless security protocols such as WEP and TKIP to allow for older technologies that continue to require such encryption methods. This …

Powers V. Dist. Ct., 142 Nev. Adv. Op. 35 (May 14, 2026), Luis Dorantes

Nevada Supreme Court Summaries

NRS 629.620 is unconstitutional and of no effect to the extent that it conflicts with NRCP 35 in governing court-ordered mental and physical examinations during civil discovery.

When The Second Amendment Meets The Third Dimension: Bruen In The Age Of 3d-Printed Firearms, Andrew Touma

Duke Journal of Constitutional Law & Public Policy Sidebar

3D-printed firearms pose a serious threat to the public by allowing individuals to circumvent traditional regulatory safeguards. Although the first shot from a 3D-printed firearm was over a decade ago, these weapons continue to exploit gaps in the federal regulatory scheme. In the meantime, state governments have adopted a variety of approaches to regulating 3D-printed firearms. As 3D printing pushes firearms technology into the future, the Supreme Court's decision in New York State Rifle & Pistol Ass'n v. Bruen directs Second Amendment doctrine to look to history, leaving questions over whether a decidedly historical methodology could effectively adapt to technological …

What The Court Tells Reporters: A Discourse Analysis Of Press Interviews With The Justices Since 2000, Brown James

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

The Supreme Court of the United States is among the most influential institutions in American life, yet it is also well known to be one of the most secluded and inaccessible. By and large, the justices only pass their thoughts and decision-making processes to the public via their official written opinions, and seldom grant interviews to reporters. General press coverage of the Court has been given considerable scholarly attention, but the limited interviews the justices grant to the press receive comparatively little attention. This article examines those interviews by analyzing 82 press interviews with active and retired justices from 2000 …

Copyright In Film Adaptations: Protecting Moral Rights In The Age Of The Internet, Amanda Mell

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

No abstract provided.

Mama Meant To Make You Cry: Who Protects Children From Their Parents’ Social Media Rage Bait?, Danya Hajjaji

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

No abstract provided.

Don't Ask, Don't Tell, Don't Possess: Mapping A Potential Second Amendment Challenge To 18 U.S. Code § 922(G)(6), Emil Zakarian

Duke Journal of Constitutional Law & Public Policy Sidebar

For decades, the United States military discharged LGBTQ+ service members based on their sexual orientation, often assigning discharge characterizations that carry enduring legal consequences. One overlooked consequence arises under 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(6), which prohibits individuals discharged "under dishonorable conditions" from possessing firearms. Although this provision has received limited judicial scrutiny, the Supreme Court's decision in New York State Rifle & Pistol Ass'n v. Bruen calls its constitutionality into question by requiring that modern firearm regulations be consistent with the Nation's historical tradition of regulation.

This Note argues that § 922(g)(6) is constitutionally vulnerable as applied to veterans discharged solely …

How Is Going To War Like Buying A Car?: The Bargaining Model Of War, Richard R. Johnson

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

The bargaining model of war, a popular, yet complex international relations theory, emphasizes how nations communicate signals regarding military strength, resolve to fight, and foreign policy goals. Since the military plays a major role in communicating these signals, its leaders should understand this theory, despite its complexities. This article explains the model and its components through the used car sale bargaining process and supplements the analogy with real-world examples of international events. This article will help military and foreign policy professionals easily grasp the concepts of the model.

Barking Up The Right Tree: A Proposal For Uniform Canine Evidence Standards, Karly Koenig

St. Mary's Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Redefining The Law Of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, Richard Caldwell

St. Mary's Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Electronic Commerce In The International Trade And The Impact On Indonesia, Wenny Setiawati

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Liability Standards In Autonomous Robotic Surgery, Hee Jung Cho

UC Law Science and Technology Journal

No abstract provided.

Paying For Climate Resilience: A Tax Incentive For Climate Adaptation In New Jersey, Kaeli Brennan

Fordham Environmental Law Review

Climate change poses a significant threat to the health and safety of New Jersey’s coastal communities. Scientists predict rising sea levels and intensifying storms will bring increased flooding, erosion, and other climate-driven coastal hazards. In January 2026, the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (“NJDEP”) adopted the Resilient Environments and Landscapes (“REAL”) rule amendments. While the REAL rules made New Jersey the first state to adopt forward-looking climate-adaptation land-use regulations, New Jersey’s economic and environmental interests conflict. The REAL rules lack sufficient funding to support compliance without deterring development. Further, the high costs associated with sustainable development risk that developers …

Maroonage: A Framework For Environmental Justice And Racial Freedom, Ryan Whyte

Fordham Environmental Law Review

Environmental hazards cause significant harm across society, with certain communities bearing the brunt of these burdens. In response, environmental advocates formed the environmental justice movement to promote equal environmental treatment for all. Closely related to this concept of environmental justice is environmental racism, which focuses on how people of color are disproportionately affected by environmental risks. While efforts to address environmental justice and racism have led to some successes, they have not fully addressed the persistent challenges affecting communities of color.

This Note seeks to apply a maroonage framework to address environmental racism and achieve environmental and racial justice for …

Resisting Nullification In Excessive Force Prosecutions, Sarah E. Wagner

Buffalo Law Review

Police violence in the United States occurs at an alarming rate. Enforcing federal criminal laws aimed at holding law enforcement officers accountable for their misconduct is difficult. Even where there is strong evidence of guilt, jurors often acquit officers rather than allow them to face criminal consequences for their actions. This Article examines suspected nullification verdicts in excessive force cases through the lens of an expansive body of research on juror and jury decision making. What emerges is the theory that nullification verdicts in excessive force cases are a function of the presence of one or more authoritarian jurors, the …

The Case For A Measured Approach To Second-Generation Litigation Finance Reform, Robert Weber

Buffalo Law Review

For the past decade and a half, third-party litigation finance (TPLF) has become an important part of the U.S. civil litigation system, helping litigants (especially plaintiffs) relieve litigation-related financial stresses and prosecute claims to enforce their legal rights. In response to the industry’s appearance, a first generation of TPLF regulation unfolded from roughly 2010 until 2022. This first-generation reform program was a state law phenomenon, with a dozen or so states enacting a series of tentative and piecemeal reforms. Over the past three years, and in response to intense policy demands of business groups like the Institute for Legal Reform …

Hey Siri—Can The Police Search My Period Data?, Tyonna J. Acoff

Buffalo Law Review

No abstract provided.