Digital Commons Network^™

What Happens In Vegas, Stays In Vegas. Or Does It?: A Dormant Commerce Clause Analysis Of Nevada’S Online Sports Gambling In-Person Registration Requirement, Lena E. Richardson

San Diego Law Review

Is the in-person registration requirement Nevada’s last-ditch effort to keep what happens in Vegas, in Vegas? This Comment argues that Nevada violates the Dormant Commerce Clause by requiring in-person registration for online sports betting. Part II introduces Nevada’s sports gaming regulations, history, regulatory scheme, and the potentially impacted industries. Part III discusses the relevant law on the Dormant Commerce Clause under a discrimination test. Part IV analyzes Nevada’s in-person registration requirement under the Dormant Commerce Clause and discusses legitimate local purposes for the regulation and reasonable alternatives, concluding that the regulation violates the Dormant Commerce Clause. Part V proposes that …

Quo Vadis Desain Pengamanan Hakim Dari Perbuatan Merendahkan Kehormatan Dan Keluhuran Martabat Hakim (Pmkh) Di Indonesia, Zainatul Ilmiyah

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Judges, as the main judicial actors in law enforcement, have an independent nature, both in terms of institutions and in terms of determining their decisions. However, in exercising their authority, judges are often faced with the risk of injury, both physical and psychological, by the public, who are not satisfied with the decisions made by the judges. With an empirical legal research method and using a conceptual approach, statute approach, and comparative approach, this study aims to find the best form in the design of an institutional model for judge and court security units. In this study, it was found …

Lawfare And Terrorism – Can Terrorism Justify The Use Of Force?, Joanna Siekiera

Graduate Research Conference (GSIS)

As the world became increasingly interconnected, the significance of international law has been augmented exponentially. International law encompasses a vast array of legal systems, written norms, and customary principles that govern the interactions between states, still being the primal and main norm creators, as well as to some extent international organizations, and other non-state actors (NSA) gaining more and more influence, and finally us - individuals. In recent times, the utilization of law as a tool of warfare has gained prominence, with public and private entities leveraging legal arguments and international institutions to achieve their military and political objectives. While …

Rethinking The Automobile Exception, Lori A. Hoetger

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.

Title Ix Reimagined: The Power Of Principles-Based Governance, Tammi Walker

University of Cincinnati Law Review

Title IX, a federal civil rights law enacted in 1972, prohibits sex-based discrimination in educational institutions. Title IX’s regulatory framework has evolved into a problematic hybrid of broad principles and prescriptive rules, creating significant challenges for educational institutions seeking to prevent sex discrimination and ensure gender equity. The current system’s simultaneous vagueness and rigidity has resulted in inconsistent enforcement, regulatory uncertainty, and compliance burdens that ultimately undermine Title IX’s fundamental objectives.

This Article argues that a properly structured principles-based regulatory approach would better serve Title IX’s aims while enhancing compliance and accountability. Successful implementation requires clear guiding principles, professional expertise, …

Courtside To Courtroom: Examining Online Sports Gambling, Liability Litigation, And The Need For Congressional Reform, Sadie Sand

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.

Achieving Positive Outcomes Using Rapport-Based Police Interviewing In Sex Offense Investigations, Mark A. Dainty

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Rapport is a critical component of interpersonal communication marked by verbal and non-verbal behaviors including attention, positivity, and coordination. The presence of these indicators during police interviews is positively correlated with information yield. This grounded theory study examined the relationship between rapport and information yield as measured by the quantity of details interviewees disclosed to investigators, particularly sensitive or incriminating details. The theory guiding this study was Cesare Beccaria’s classical criminology Rational Choice Theory, which suggests offenders are rational beings who conduct a cost-benefit analysis before engaging in crime. Investigators applying this theory and employing rapport-based interviewing skills will elicit …

The Legal Reckoning Of Reality Television: Contestant Rights And Producer Responsibilities, Tyler Caffrey

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal (AELJ) Blog

Reality television has become a dominant force in modern entertainment. Behind the scenes, however, contestants face serious legal and ethical concerns. Many reality TV participants allege exploitative working conditions, misleading contracts, and inadequate compensation. Traditionally, networks classify contestants as independent contractors, exempting them from labor protections such as minimum wage and overtime pay.

Armed And Classless: Non-Dangerous Felons After Bruen, Robert W. Vetter

LSU Law Journal for Social Justice & Policy

No abstract provided.

Parameters Spring 2025, Usawc Press

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

Welcome to the Spring 2025 issue of Parameters. This issue consists of an In Focus special commentary, three forums (Russia, Ukraine, and NATO; Strategic Competition and Managing National Security; and Joint Sustainment Strategies), the regular Civil-Military Relations Corner installment, and a review essay.

Human-Animal Chimeras: An Omen For Disaster Or An Answer To Our Prayers?, Catherine A. Zimmermann

Journal of Civil Rights and Economic Development

(Excerpt)

Part I of this Note discusses the purpose of chimera research, various ethical arguments, and the current perception of chimera research in the United States to address aspects of the proposed legislation. Chimeras are unique in that they have both human and animal cells. Taking this into account, I also discuss the current regulatory structure and legal protections which provide a framework for the regulation of chimera research. I explain and analyze the law regarding the NIH moratorium and explore factors that have led the United States to consider lifting the moratorium while examining different legal perspectives which explain …

Shoot First, Think Later, Pay Never: How Qualified Immunity Perpetuates The Modern-Day Lynching Of Black Americans And Why Abolition Is The Answer, Abigail Sloan

Journal of Civil Rights and Economic Development

(Excerpt)

The purpose of this Note is to analogize today’s police killings of Black Americans to lynchings, and to examine how qualified immunity is one of many mechanisms governments and police departments use to evade accountability. The word “lynching” itself evokes an emotional and disturbing image of horror from the reconstruction-era South, with images of terroristic, racist violence which can be uncomfortable and traumatizing to confront. However, in using the word “lynching,” I intentionally and respectfully draw upon the similarities between historical lynchings and the police killings of Black Americans today, particularly in tracking the evolution of brutal violence to …

One Person, Endless Data: Prohibiting Personal Political Viewpoint Data Processing To Combat Voter Suppression, William Eddy

Journal of Civil Rights and Economic Development

(Excerpt)

Polarization in American politics and elections continues to rise, due in no small part to advancing digital marketing technologies co-opted by political actors. In 2016, Cambridge Analytica, a political consulting firm, spearheaded right-wing populist campaigns to political victory in the United States and United Kingdom. The firm reconfigured commercial data processing methods to process personal political viewpoint data (“PPVD”) and perform “psychological manipulation.” While the firm has since dissolved, such practices are still used to manipulate American elections.

The European Union (“EU”), also in 2016, enacted the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”). As a comprehensive data privacy reform, GDPR, …

Table Of Contents, Seattle University Law Review

Seattle University Law Review

Table of Contents

Re-Imagining Tomorrow: A Technology, Innovation Law, And Ethics Symposium On Addictive Technology And Children, Margaret Chon

Seattle University Law Review

In this Foreword, Professor Margaret Chon introduces Seattle University's Technology, Innovation Law, and Ethics (TILE) program, the 2024 TILE Symposium, and Dr. Gaia Bernstein’s Unwired: Gaining Control Over Addictive Technologies.

Keynote Address: The Movement To Protect Kids From Addictive Technologies, Gaia Bernstein

Seattle University Law Review

In this keynote address, I describe my personal journey starting with a school outreach program I created in 2017 to address technology overuse among kids. While I initially advocated for self-help methods, I grew to recognize that the tech industry bore responsibility. This realization led me to write Unwired: Gaining Control over Addictive Technologies, which focused on collective action to pressure the tech industry to redesign its addictive products.

I then describe the movement to control addictive technologies and protect kids, which has gained momentum since the end of the pandemic. This movement combines grassroots parent activism with legal-political action. …

Moral Panic Or Public Health Crisis? Lessons From Drugs And Gambling For “Addictive” Design, Matthew B. Lawrence, Haomin (Kevin) Yan

Seattle University Law Review

Alcohol, automobiles, guns, lottery, loot boxes, meat, music, opioid painkillers, processed foods, prop bets, slot machines, television, tobacco, violent video games. Over the last century each of these has been subject to concerns—some might even say “moral panics”—from parents and policymakers about avoidable harms to kids and adults. In some cases we look back with the benefit of hindsight and dismiss those concerns as naïve or moralistic. In others we look back at them as justified or as having come too late to check an expanding industry before it did unfathomable harm while growing so powerful that it became all …

Responding To Digital Addiction, Ned Snow

Seattle University Law Review

In Unwired: Gaining Control over Addictive Technologies, Professor Gaia Bernstein calls our attention to the growing problem of digital addiction. Digital addiction may sound like something out of a science-fiction novel or something that does not raise the same sort of real-life practical concerns as are present in a physical health crisis or an economic decline. But as Bernstein presents the evidence, we learn that the consequences of digital addiction can be just as harmful as a serious disease or a financial depression. Cognitive development disorders, anxiety, emotional depression, social isolation, and other mental health ills can be debilitating—as much …

The Ai Doppelgänger Dilemma: Cloned Voices In The Music Industry, Elizabeth Shields

Seattle University Law Review

With the rise of generative artificial intelligence (AI), there has been an influx of “voice clones”—deep-learning algorithms that create synthetic speech to realistically mimic human voices. Celebrities and, in particular, music artists, have been subjected to the proliferation of AI voice clones on social media platforms like TikTok and streaming platforms such as Spotify. Despite music utilizing AI voice clones having amassed much popularity, this technology can be harmful and highly invasive to musicians whose livelihoods often depend on their distinct voices. While legal scholars have attempted to articulate various rights that could protect a person’s voice, individuals are largely …

Let The Sunshine In: Crafting Constitutional Transparency Regulations For Content Moderation, Caitlin Ring Carlson

Seattle University Law Review

In response to public concern about the impact of social media, legislators in some U.S. states have developed laws to regulate the process of content moderation. Many include mandatory transparency and disclosure requirements, some of which courts have already deemed an unconstitutional infringement on social media platforms’ right to free expression. This article explores the parameters for crafting constitutional social media transparency regulations using existing U.S. media policy and insights from recent legal challenges. The resulting analysis identifies content neutral transparency requirements that mandate the disclosure of purely factual, non-controversial information as those most likely to withstand judicial scrutiny. Specifically, …

This Is Not A Game: The Addictive Allure Of Digital Companions, Nizan Geslevich Packin, Karni Chagal-Feferkorn

Seattle University Law Review

Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents have become an inescapable part of modern childhood, reshaping education, leisure activities, entertainment, and social interaction. From AI-powered tutors that adapt to individual learning styles to emotionally responsive chatbots that simulate human companionship, these systems promise unprecedented personalization, cognitive stimulation, and social support. However, these benefits mask significant risks that remain unregulated and inadequately addressed.

Although adults are also susceptible to forming deep emotional bonds with AI companions—often trusting them as if they possessed genuine understanding and empathy—children are particularly vulnerable. Their misplaced trust can more severely distort social development, weaken critical thinking, and foster unhealthy …

March 18, 2025 — 2025 Coalition Letter Supporting Dr. Lorna Breen Reauthorization Act, American Dental Association

Advocacy in Action letters

No abstract provided.

Political Psychology As Applied To The Israeli Palestinian Conflict, Michael J. Reimer Dr

Department of Political Science and Law Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The of the field of study of Political Psychology can be a useful tool in analyzing both the Israeli Palestinian conflict and the attempt to resolve it in the twenty-first century.

Targeting School Shootings: Using Three Warning Signs - Animal Abuse, Domestic Violence, And Conduct Disorder - To Help Prevent Massacres, Phyllis Coleman

Widener Commonwealth Law Review

Whether packing a superhero lunchbox for their five-year-old’s first day in a public kindergarten just down the block or preparing their twenty-two-year-old for his freshman year at an Ivy League law school 2,000 miles away, parents across the country are terrified by images of panicked children running from schools while an active shooter tries to slaughter as many students, faculty, and staff as he can. But, despite these widespread fears, and numerous governmental and other investigative studies, the only real consensus seems to be that these are horrific, destructive attacks that should stop. The difficulty lies in finding agreement about …

Bringing Parental Consent Out Of The Shadows: An Evaluation Of Texas H.B. 18'S Effect On A Child's Best Interest, Ainsley Mcnally

Texas A&M Law Review

Beyond constitutional assertions about broad parental rights lies the nuance of state laws affecting child autonomy. State laws take a variety of approaches to address the broad rights of parents to raise their children while acknowledging that these broad rights must give way in limited circumstances to promote the best interests of children. These differences under state law can be categorized into three approaches, including a bright-line, middle-ground, and extended autonomy approach. Naming and analyzing these approaches illuminates a new form of a bright-line approach—shadow parental consent—that Texas law has adopted. At first glance, the recently enacted Texas law, H.B. …

Prison Foodways In “Orange Is The New Black”, A. E. Stearns, Morgan Wilson, Mckenzie Richard

Qualitative Criminology (QC)

"The current study adds to the literature on prison foodways and media studies by exploring the role of prison food on the show Orange is the New Black (OITNB). Specifically, this project aimed to better understand the nature of televised incarceration experiences through the way in which incarcerated characters interacted with food in the scenes. Through an analysis of 601 food-related scenes in OITNB, findings suggest: 1) food is a vehicle for additional layers of institutional control of captive bodies, 2) food plays myriad non-food roles such as medicine, a transactional medium, a vehicle for contraband, and even sexual pleasure, …

An Exploratory Study On The Practice Of Procedural Justice And Use Of Force In Police-Citizen Encounters, Charles Cunha

Qualitative Criminology (QC)

"Procedural justice is a philosophy and theory demonstrating that the practice of its four principles improves police-community relations. This means that citizens view law enforcement as a legitimate entity of government. Much controversy has stemmed from alleged unlawful killings of suspects in the past decade. These incidents question whether law enforcement acted legitimately. Since then, scholars have researched training in using the four principles of procedural justice. They have also researched the use of procedural justice in police-citizen encounters. The current research study addresses law enforcement officers’ perspectives on the use of force and the use of the four principles …

Perceptions Toward Wrongful Convictions And Needed Reforms In The Criminal Justice System: Does Working Experience In Law Enforcement Matter?, Natalia Ermasova, Aubrey Adams, Lisa Jackson

Qualitative Criminology (QC)

"This study proposes to investigate how public views on the wrongful conviction issue are connected with the perceived need for criminal justice reform and whether the professional experience in law enforcement influences these perceptions. This study employs a qualitative research design, deriving its conclusions from the comparative analysis of the survey responses concerning the issue of wrongful convictions and the criminal justice system collected from 45 law enforcement professionals and 35 individuals without such experience. The comparative results reveal that for the respondents without working experience in law enforcement, racial/ethnical bias was one of the most substantial issues of wrongful …

"Nobody Gives A Damn If You Don't Know The Rules": Poverty, Strain, And Crime, Chrystina Y. Hoffman, Dana R. Dillard, Erin King, Angela Blackburn

Qualitative Criminology (QC)

"General strain theory posits that individuals commit crimes when they experience negative emotions following various sources of strain. One such source of strain is poverty. In this study, researchers use focus group data and apply a general strain framework to analyze criminal offending during the Missouri Community Action Network's Poverty Simulation© (2022) at a regional comprehensive university in the Southeast region of the United States. A total of 99 undergraduate and graduate students participated in the focus groups at the end of the simulation. Findings support Agnew’s (1992) theory with examples of sources of strain stemming from poverty leading to …

Research Brief: Ghosting In The Realm Of Research: The Realities Of Conducting Social Science Research In The Digital Age, Lena M. Campagna, Angela S. Murolo

Qualitative Criminology (QC)

"Social science research does not occur in a vacuum. Competing for time and attention is the norm in a society that has become more isolated. Because of this, the effects of ghosting are prevalent everywhere. As social scientists, we are not immune to ghosting or its effects. In this research brief, two junior faculty members discuss their efforts to overcome ghosting at every level of the research process and its impact on hiring student workers, knowledge production, and meeting grant funding requirements. Lastly, the authors offer suggestions for overcoming the effects of ghosting and its effect on the challenges of …