Digital Commons Network^™

A Current Model Of Sex Including All Biological Components Of Sexual Reproduction, Joshua D. Safer

Law and Contemporary Problems

No abstract provided.

Unlawful Genders, Anthony Michael Kreis

Law and Contemporary Problems

No abstract provided.

Stall Wars: Sex And Civil Rights In The Public Bathroom, Wickliffe Shreve

Law and Contemporary Problems

No abstract provided.

Access To Medicine In Developing Countries: Elevating State Obligations Over Corporate Profit, Hakeem O. Yusuf, Kamil Omoteso

Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies

This paper investigates the divergence between the objectives of the state in ensuring citizens' right to health and the profit-maximization objective of pharmaceutical corporations in relation to, access to, and supply of medicine. This divergence is pertinent given both the rising cost of medicines and unmet needs, particularly in developing countries. This paper analyses the correlation between pharmaceutical corporations' profit drive and the state's welfare obligation. There is a need to bridge the gap between business and human rights, which can be achieved by combining the concepts of "business ethical responsibility" and corporations' contributions to "common good" with the jurisprudence …

The Ends And The Means: Indigenous Sovereignty, Climate-Related Legal Actions, And Frameworks Of Justice, Connor Marcum

Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies

Philosophy professor Timothy Morton uses climate change as his foremost example of what he calls a hyperobject: an object that occupies both more physical space and more time than humans can usefully comprehend. For example, one can understand local meteorological occurrences in isolation without necessarily understanding that a given storm was more severe than it should have been because an overall increase in global temperatures makes for a more aggressive, active hydrological cycle. Environmental organizations focused on raising awareness understand this. Public campaigns to wed the nebulous idea of climate change to specific, concrete images are incredibly memorable: think of …

Property Laws, White Settler Power And The Kingdom Of Hawai’I, Martin Rakowszczyk

Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal

Hawai’ian property laws in the 19^th century, while intended to provide for the transition of the islands to a European mode of commerce and allow for greater prosperity, weakened the power of Native Hawai`ian subjects and ultimately contributed to European planter power and the eventual annexation of the islands. Prior to European contact, land in the Kingdom of Hawai`i was communally owned and not treated as a tradable commodity. However, forced to settle foreign debts, the Hawai’ian government instituted land reform intended to raise money and maintain Hawai’ian sovereignty. Given the constant threat of annexation by Western powers and …

Brief Of Amici Curiae International Law Scholars In Support Of Petitioners, Beatrice Lindstrom, Tyler R. Giannini, Diane A. Desierto

Court Briefs

No. 21-995
Budha Jam v. International Finance Corporation

On Petition For Writ Of Certiorari To The United States Court Of Appeals For The District Of Columbia Circuit

From the Summary of Argument

The animating purpose of the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (“FSIA”), 28 U.S.C. §§ 1602-1611 (1976), is to remove immunity and preferential treatment for sovereign entities when they engage in private conduct such as commercial activity. In other words, sovereigns acting as private actors should be treated as private actors. The decision below undermines this raison d’être of the FSIA while raising an important and unsettled question: whether a …

Week Of February 14, 2022 - February 18, 2022, Benjamin N. Cardozo School Of Law

Today at Cardozo 2022

Events occurring this week have been sponsored by:

• Asian Pacific American Law Students Association (APALSA)
• Black Law Students Association (BLSA)
• Cardozo Art Law Society
• Cardozo Criminal Law Society (CCLS)
• Cardozo Dispute Resolution Society
• Cardozo Divorce Mediation Clinic
• Cardozo Entertainment Law Society
• Cardozo FAME Center
• Cardozo Family Law Society
• Cardozo Fashion Law Society
• Cardozo International Law Society
• Cardozo National Lawyers Guild (NLG)
• Cardozo on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (CIPC)
• Cardozo Public Service Scholars Program
• Cardozo Student Animal Legal Defense Fund (SALDF)
• Chabad at Cardozo
• Filmmakers Legal Clinic
• Public Interest Law Student Association (PILSA)
• The Nilson Law Group, PLLC
• Women in Tech Law

The Aoc In The Age Of Covid—Pandemic Preparedness Planning In The Federal Courts, Zoe Niesel

St. Mary's Law Journal

The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic created a crisis for American society—and the federal courts were not exempt. Court facilities came to a grinding halt, cases were postponed, and judiciary employees adopted work-from-home practices. Having court operations impacted by a pandemic was not a new phenomenon, but the size, scope, and technological lift of the COVID-19 pandemic was certainly unique.

Against this background, this Article examines the history and future of pandemic preparedness planning in the federal court system and seeks to capture some of the lessons learned from initial federal court transitions to pandemic operations in 2020. The Article begins by …

Toward Livelihood Insurance, Michael Abramowicz

University of Chicago Legal Forum

No abstract provided.

Economic Shutdown And Commercial Rent In Chapter 11, George Colligan

University of Chicago Legal Forum

No abstract provided.

Scrambling The New Sanitationist Synthesis: Civil Liberties And Public Health In The Age Of Covid-19, John Fabian Witt

University of Chicago Legal Forum

No abstract provided.

Essential Businesses And Shareholder Value, Aneil Kovvali

University of Chicago Legal Forum

No abstract provided.

Four Futures For U.S. Pandemic Policy, Daniel Hemel

University of Chicago Legal Forum

No abstract provided.

Not White Enough, Not Black Enough: Reimagining Affirmative Action Jurisprudence In Law School Admissions Through A Filipino-American Paradigm, Joseph D. G. Castro

Pepperdine Law Review

Writing the majority opinion upholding the use of racial preferences in law school admissions in 2003, Justice Sandra Day O’Connor anticipated that racial preferences would no longer be necessary in twenty-five years. On the contrary, 2021 has seen the astronomic rise of critical race theory, the popularity of race-driven “diversity” initiatives in higher education, and the continued surge of identity politics in the mainstream. So much has been written on affirmative action—what else could this Comment add to the conversation? Analyzing the Court’s application of strict scrutiny through a Filipino- American paradigm, this Comment ultimately concludes that affirmative action in …

Combatting Climate Change Through Conservation Easements, Claire Wright

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Fracturing The Rule Of Capture: The Improper Application Of The Rule Of Capture To Subsurface Intrusions Resulting From Hydraulic Fracturing, Alexis K. Désiré

Seattle Journal of Technology, Environmental, & Innovation Law

Imagine that during the course of hydraulically fracturing a tract of land—a process used to extract gas from low-permeability rock formations —a drilling company causes fractures, as well as some of the materials necessary to the fracturing process, to cross the boundary of its property line and enter an adjoining property—that is, it makes a subsurface intrusion onto a neighbor’s property. Assume further that, because the company’s fractures have extended into the neighbor’s property, oil and gas from the neighboring land travels to the company’s wellbore, causing the neighbor to bring a tort action against the company for harms related …

Torres V. Texas Department Of Public Safety: Brief Of Scholars Of Constitutional Law And The Law Of Federal And State Courts As Amici Curiae In Support Of Petitioner, Evan H. Caminker

Appellate Briefs

Amici curiae, listed in the Appendix, are professors of constitutional law and of the law of federal and state courts. Amici hold varying views on state sovereign immunity and the interpretation of the Eleventh Amendment. Amici join in this brief because they agree that the Court’s jurisprudence on these issues reflects inherent tensions that justify consideration of a new approach. Amici propose an approach to sovereign immunity that is grounded in both constitutional text and broader common law principles, and that, in amici’s view, is faithful to the original constitutional design and the text and purpose of the Eleventh Amendment. …

Revealing Violence: Assessing The Effects Of Viral Images On State Punitive Aesthetics, Justin Hyland

Indiana Journal of Law and Social Equality

No abstract provided.

An Appeal In Favor Of That Class Of Americans Called Africans, Lydia Maria Child, Paul Royster (Editor)

Zea E-Books in American Studies

The roots of white supremacy lie in the institution of negro slavery. From the 15th through the 19th century, white Europeans trafficked in abducted and enslaved Africans and justified the practice with excuses that seemed somehow to reconcile the injustice with their professed Christianity. The United States was neither the first nor the last nation to abolish slavery, but its proclaimed principles of freedom and equality were made ironic by the nation’s reluctance to extend recognition to all Americans.

“Americans” is what Mrs. Child calls those fellow countrymen of African ancestry in 1833; citizenship and equality were what she advocated …

Seeing Like A Clinic, Adrian A. Smith

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

The prevailing commitment in clinical law programs like the Intensive Program in Poverty Law at Osgoode Hall Law School is to an engaged-contextualism, which serves to see law in action. It has provided participating students with some insight into the everyday life of ordinary people, approaching—but not necessarily fully perceptive to—certain socio-legal perspectives. But what does clinical legal education vision and envision? How precisely do clinics see? And from what source or place is that visual authority derived? Here, by attending to the prevailing “pedagogy of seeing” in contemporary poverty law clinical practice, I engage with teaching, learning, and praxis …

The Comic And The Absurd: On Colonial Law In Revolutionary Palestine, Mai Taha

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

As part of the Special Issue, this article adopts a methodological orientation that works through and with international law’s cultural legal archive. It focuses on one colonial literary artifact that shows the historical tension between colonization and revolution and examines the traces of those constitutive relations in the present. The artifact in question is an intriguing literary excursion by a British colonial-era judge in Palestine entitled Palestine Parodies. It mocks the legal life of Mandate Palestine through the use of comics, puns, and riddles. This raises a number of provocative themes relating to Mandate law, revolution, humor, and humiliation. The …

Looking Into Law And Development: Pedagogies And Politics Of The Frame, Ruth Buchanan

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

International development can be understood as a particular way of seeing the world that is both a pedagogical and a political project. It frames the citizens of “underdeveloped” states as subjects, available to be both “seen” and “known” in particular ways that have important implications for governance and law. This Special Issue approaches development as a discourse and as a set of practices that encompass a “way of seeing” and operate as a “frame” through which the subjects of development are apprehended and acted upon.

“Making Up” With Law In Development, Kerry Rittich

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

This article draws on Ian Hacking’s idea of “making up people” to reflect on the relationship between development knowledge, practice, and expertise. Using Hacking’s five-part model as a counterpoint to mainstream accounts of development and its tasks, it (re)describes the manner in which development vision informs practice, while practice itself reconstructs the horizon of possibilities for developing states and their populations. The picture that emerges is one of tight interconnections between expertise-driven institutional practice and what we come to see and therefore to “know” about development. It is also one in which iconic figures such as the entrepreneurial woman emerge …

Drawing The Cyber Baseline: The Applicability Of Existing International Law To The Governance Of Information And Communication Technologies, Dapo Akande, Antonio Coco, Talita De Souza Dias

International Law Studies

"Cyberspace" is often treated as a new domain of State activity in international legal discourse. This has led to the assumption that for international law to apply to cyber operations carried out by States or non-State actors, "cyber-specific" State practice and opinio juris must be demonstrated. This article challenges that assumption on five different bases. First, it argues that rules of general international law are generally applicable to all domains, areas, or types of State activity. In their interpretation and application to purported new domains, limitations to their scope of application cannot be presumed. Second, this article demonstrates that the …

Cle Working Paper No. 1/2022--How Law Shapes Food Sovereignty In Urban Canada, Julia Witmer

Centre for Law and the Environment

Inspired by the right to the city, this paper outlines the legal architecture of food sovereignty activities in urban Canada. The architecture is rooted in three fields of law: constitutional law, municipal and planning law, and health law, and explored through various case studies in urban centers. The paper reviews legal instruments in each field and analyzes how they shape different food sovereignty activities in supportive and restrictive ways. Constitutional law generally proves restrictive in its limited recognition of local government as true government, restricted provincial power in agricultural regulation, and its general treatment of food as a commodity. Municipal …

Dissent And The Rule Of Law, Russell D. Covey

Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law

Both the right to dissent and the “rule of law” are celebrated and frequently invoked values. Yet widespread popular dissent, such as that seen in the recent Black Lives Matter protests sparked by the police killing of George Floyd and others and a strong backlash against protestors by some political leaders, has deeply challenged the compatibility of those values. This tension raises deep theoretical questions about the essential concept of the rule of law, questions that have not yet been addressed by legal theorists. Consensus is greatest with respect to some of the formal characteristics of the rule of law, …

Note: Self-Regulation By The Private Industry And Its Effectiveness In Today's Online Environment, Stephanie Wong

Notre Dame Journal on Emerging Technologies

Over 30 years ago, self-regulation served as a hopeful potential regulatory framework that would allow private companies to provide effective privacy protections for consumers. The aspiration for a data protection self-regulation regime arose due to the emergence and development of online commercial activity. E-commerce benefited companies that conducted business online but presented new challenges for the protection of consumer data. The Federal Trade Commission encouraged companies that collect consumer data to develop their own forms of self-regulation to protect the personal data of online consumers. If properly implemented, self-regulation promised efficient reorganization of privacy protections to meet the challenges of …

Covid’S Counterpunch: State Legislative Assaults On Publichealth Emergency Powers, James G. Hodge Jr., Jennifer L. Piatt

Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law

Amid the most impactful health crisis in over a century, COVID’s “counterpunch” entails aggressive efforts by numerous state legislatures to diminish state and local public health emergency powers. It is an incredulous movement facially supported by a need to appropriately balance economic interests and rights with communal health objectives. At its political core, however, is a “power grab” by legislatures to free their constituents from extensive emergency powers (e.g., social distancing, assembly limits, and business closures). Never mind the fact that these interventions, when used effectively and constitutionally, save lives and reduce morbidity. Public health agents and activists are understandably …

The Evolution Of International Environmental Law Amidst Political Gridlock: Environmental Rights As A Common Ground, Maria Antonia Tigre

Dissertations & Theses

In the leadup to the 50th anniversary of the Stockholm Conference and the global Covid- 19 pandemic, nations and people have realized they have not lived up to the obligations of the U.N. Charter and the principles of international environmental law. In 2019, the U.N. General Assembly (UNGA) adopted Resolution No. A/RES/73/333, which set forth substantive and procedural recommendations for follow-up work for the progressive development of international environmental law, and specifically called for the adoption of a political declaration in 2022 to strengthen the implementation of international environmental law. The resolution derives from the proposed Global Pact for the …