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The Emptiness Of The Concept Of Jus Cogens, As Illustrated By The War In Bosnia-Herzegovina, A. Mark Weisburd

Michigan Journal of International Law

The aim of this article is neither to condemn departures from jus cogens nor to engage in verbal gymnastics designed to obfuscate the fact that the international community is treating or will treat "peremptory norms" as moralisms irrelevant in practical terms. Rather, this article seeks to show that the problem lies in the concept of jus cogens itself. More specifically, the article intends to make the case that the concept is intellectually indefensible - at best useless and at worst harmful in the practical conduct of international relations.

Select Bibliography Of Women's Human Rights Law, A Conference On The Interventional Protection Of Reproductive Rights , Rebecca J. Cook, Valerie L. Oosterveld

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.

International Trade Relations And The Separation Of Powers Under The United States Constitution, John Linarelli

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

Legal Restraints In The Use Of Landmines: Humanitarian And Environmental Crisis, Janet E. Lord

Book Chapters

Landmines may be one of the most widespread, lethal, and long lasting forms of pollution we have yet encountered, and we are currently losing the battle to protect innocent civilians from their effects.

Book Review Of Index To The Chemical Weapons Convention, James S. Heller

Library Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Grotius Nunc Pro Tunch, Alfred P. Rubin

Michigan Journal of International Law

Review of A Normative Approach to War: Peace, War and Justice in Hugo Grotius (Yasuaki Onuma ed.)

The Concept Of Customary International Law, Daniel M. Bodansky

Michigan Journal of International Law

Review of Custom in Present International Law by Karol Wolfke

Death Penalty, Henry G. Schermers

Michigan Journal of International Law

Review of The Abolition of the eath Penalty in International Law by William A. Schabas

The Four Doctrines Of Self-Executing Treaties, Carlos Manuel Vázquez

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

A distinction has become entrenched in United States law between treaties that are "self-executing" and those that are not. The precise nature of this distinction--indeed, its very existence--is a matter of some controversy and much confusion. More than one lower federal court has pronounced the distinction to be the "most confounding" in the United States law of treaties. A tremendous amount of scholarship has sought to clarify this distinction, but the honest observer cannot but agree with John Jackson's observation that " [t]he substantial volume of scholarly writing on this issue has not yet resolved the confusion" surrounding it. The …

The Quest For A Bosnian Constitution: Legal Aspects Of Constitutional Proposals Relating To Bosnia, Paul C. Szasz

Fordham International Law Journal

The analogue in international politics is the three-party conflict in Bosnia-Herzegovina, a quagmire in which first Europe and then the entire world have become stuck. The complexity of the problem reflects not only the intensity of the hatreds that have been fanned between the parties and must now be accounted for in any solution, but that two of the primary parties have immediate support in neighboring countries that also have their own bilateral problems to resolve; furthermore, each of these actors has, for historical or other motives, its own important patrons among the leading powers of the world. This Essay …

The Changing Face Of Peace-Keeping And Peace-Enforcement, Shashi Tharoor

Fordham International Law Journal

Peace-keeping today is in flux, if not in crisis. If it is to serve as a useful instrument in the maintenance of international peace and security, it needs conceptual clarity, political support, and financial resources. For peace-keeping to remain effective in a changing world, its credibility must not be jeopardized by the application of peace-keeping to inappropriate situations, by the issuance of mandates unsupported by doctrinal consistency or military means, or by the undermining of its authority by attempts to reconcile peace-keeping with war-making under the rubric of peace-enforcement.

Is International Law Ready For The Information Age?, M. E. Bowman

Fordham International Law Journal

This Essay discusses the challenges to protect the public from a myriad of harms related to new, and poorly understood, vulnerabilities arising from the frontier of cyberspace and how international law can offer protection against the global potential for harm.

The Meaning Of Terrorism--Jurisprudential And Definitional Clarifications, Louis R. Beres

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This Article examines contemporary definitions of terrorism and determines that they are inadequate. The author describes five specific types of problems with current definitions and offers an appropriate scholarly remedy. This Article concludes, inter alia, that the United States should reject narrow, geopolitical definitions of terrorism. Instead, it should articulate and apply a single unambiguous standard that incorporates the requirements of just cause and just means. Absent evidence of these two elements, the insurgent use of force should be regarded as terrorism. This clearer and more objective definition will enable the United States to approach and address adversarial uses of …

Why Redraw The Map Of Africa: A Legal And Moral Inquiry, Makau Wa Mutua

Journal Articles

This article questions the legitimacy of the African state and the imperial cartography on which it is based. It argues that African states are conceptually faulty because they are the crude and thoughtless handiworks of European colonial powers. It is the artificiality of the African state that has been responsible for its failure to cohere into a nation that is viable. The piece argues for geographic and normative re-articulation of the African state - by smashing the current states - to endow them with moral, political, and legal legitimacy. It concludes that democratic entities are unlikely to develop where pre-colonial …

The Constitutional Responsibility Of Congress For Military Engagements, Lori Fisler Damrosch

Faculty Scholarship

The U.S.-led military operation in Haiti has unfolded with minimal violence and few casualties so far. That factual proposition – which is necessarily subject to revision – has important ramifications under both U.S. constitutional law and international law. On the constitutional level, the avoidance of hostilities defused what was poised to become a serious confrontation between the President and the Congress. On the international level, doubts in some quarters about the legitimacy of a forcible intervention, although not entirely allayed, were somewhat quieted with the achievement of a negotiated solution, which enabled U.S. troops to bring about the return to …

A View From The United States - Social, Economic, And Legal Change, The Persistence Of The State, And Immigration Policy In The Coming Century, John Scanlan

Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies

In this article, Professor Scanlan argues that in spite of recent

trends toward globalism, traditionally composed nation-states,

especially the United States, will continue to exercise localized

control over immigration and receiving nations may pursue

increasingly restrictive policies. The author begins with a history

of recent U.S. and European Union (EU) immigration policies,

positing that State self-interest has always played a central role.

Next, he traces the post-World War II development of the

"international refugee regime" as well as the development of the

European Union's "open"- labor market. Professor Scanlan

predicts that international agencies will become less efficacious for

several reasons, …

An Analysis Of The United Nations International Tribunal To Adjudicate War Crimes Committed In The Former Yugoslavia: Parallels, Problems, Prospects, Mark A. Bland

Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies

No abstract provided.

Just Cause: The Thread That Runs So True, Jeffrey C. Tuomala

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

Global Information Policymaking And Domestic Law, Fred H. Cate

Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies

No abstract provided.

The Persian Gulf Oil Spill: A Case Study Of Emerging International Law On Environmental Damages During Hostilities, Esther J. Mcclure

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

During the 1991 Persian Gulf War, the retreating Iraqis caused the deliberate discharge of six million barrels of oil into the shallow waters of the Persian Gulf. The immediate impact on the ecosystem was dramatic, and, because of the intense media coverage of the conflict, highly visible to the American public. The spill popularized the term 'ecoterrorism' and raised serious questions about the applicability of international law to the situation. There are numerous conventions that seek to establish standards of due diligence for the prevention of accidental pollution and to impose civil liability on those who damage the environment, but …

Western Business In Hungary: Challenges And Ways Of Coping, J. Leslie Jankovich

Global Business & Development Law Journal

No abstract provided.

International Abductions, Low Intensity Conflicts, And State Sovereignty: A Moral Inquiry, Fernando R. Tesón

Scholarly Publications

What are the moral principles bearing on operations such as an international abduction? International abductions are part of a larger category of international acts referred to as "low-intensity" operations. Can these acts be morally justified in time of peace? Can one nation, for example, rightfully claim that abductions of persons who are suspected of horrendous crimes by agents of another country violate the first country's sovereignty? Does the interest of the other country in bringing such persons to trial outweigh that sovereignty claim? If not, what interest of the second country could possibly justify the abduction? In any case, are …

Environmental Terrorism: Lessons From The Oil Fires Of Kuwait, Jesica E. Seacor

American University International Law Review

No abstract provided.

Applicability Of International Criminal Laws To Events In The Former Yugoslavia, Jordan J. Paust

American University International Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Right Not To Be Displaced, Maria Stavropoulou

American University International Law Review

No abstract provided.

National Discretion: Choosing Cocom's Successor And The New Export Administration Act, Philip H. Oettinger

American University International Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Lockerbie Incident Cases: Libyan-Sponsored Terrorism, Judicial Review And The Political Question Doctrine, Scott S. Evans

Maryland Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Compensation For Japan's World War Ii War-Rape Victims, Karen Parker, Jennifer F. Chew

UC Law SF International Law Review

Approximately 200,000 women were tricked or abducted into slavery to provide sexual services for the Japanese Imperial Army during World War II. After nearly fifty years of silence, a growing number or these war-rape victims have come forward publicly to tell their stories. The authors describe this scheme that was established by the Japanese government and Imperial Army. The authors argue that the scheme violated fundamental principles of international law, thus attaching a right to compensation for the violations. The authors present current initiatives before the United Nations to address the issue of compensation. Examples of viable compensation schemes are …

Israel's Forty-Five Year Emergency: Are There Time Limits To Derogations From Human Rights Obligations?, John Quigley

Michigan Journal of International Law

This article analyzes the permissibility of such a derogation under the Covenant and under general international law. Part I of this article outlines the historical development of Israel's declaration of a continuous state of emergency and its justification for detention without trial. Part II examines international rules on detention and derogation. Part III establishes a standard for declaring a state of emergency and applies this standard to Israel's declaration, with respect both to Israel's own territory and to the Palestinian territories occupied by Israel. Finally, Part IV inquires whether Israel will apply the Covenant as a matter of domestic law.

On Terrorism: Reflections On Violence And The Outlaw, Ileana Porras

Articles

No abstract provided.