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Water Current, Volume 8, No. 3, May/June 1976

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
Summer Institute Planned
Research Technologist Hired
Water Research in Nebraska
Bill Introduced to Amend Water Resources Planning Act
OMB Wants "Section 80" Reviewed Again
National Commission on Water Quality Sends Recommendations to Congress
Water Assessment and Appraisal Given Top WRC Priority
Rio Grande Region: More Water Stored Underground than Above
Research Review: Physiological Aspects of Plant Water Use Efficiency

Conservation Of Natural Resources--Ecology, Economics And Energy, Harold W. Young

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Distribution Of Stream Pollution In Lake Water, Richard W. Tew, Samuel S. Egdorf, James E. Deacon

Publications (WR)

Wastewater effluent-laden waters from Las Vegas Wash (LVW) form a density current that may be detected in Boulder Basin of Lake Mead at considerable distances from the wash estuary. This led to the suspicion that water from the inflowing stream [40 mgd (1.5 X 10⁵ cu m/day)] might not be rapidly diluted in the enormous volume of the lake [19 mil acre-ft (2.3 X 10¹⁰ cu m)], but might persist as a recognizable entity to the vicinity of the intake of a major water source for populous Clark County, Nev.

Because of the detection sensitivity implicit in the …

Analysis Of The Presettlement Forests Of The Unglaciated Portions Of Southern Illinois, Lawrence A. Leitner

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research used the data on witness trees found in the surveyors' records of the General Land Office surveys of 1805-1815 as the basis for studying the primeval forests of unglaciated southern Illinois. Via computer, the random pairs and closest individual methods of plotless sampling were used to develop stand attributes tables, with soil association boundaries defining the limits of forest stands. A vegetation map was developed from these stands. Four major forest types were delineated: Upland Oak, nixed Hardwoods, Swamp Forest, and Floodplain Forest. The Upland Oak Forest, with lowest density (175.9/ha or 71.2/acre) and basal area (21.3 rn …

Forage Selection And Nutrition Of Sheep And Goats Grazing In The Tunisian Pre-Sahara, Rudolfo Ricardo Griego

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Nomadic pastoralism has been the traditional method of utilizing grazing resources in arid and semi-arid regions of Africa. However, increased sedentarization accompanied by growing human and animal populations during the past two decades is thought to be accelerating the desertification process, or desert expansion. The specific interactions of the grazing animal with this process has been speculated upon but not studied in detail. A comparative study was initiated during the spring grazing season of 1974 to determine sheep and goat nutritional and production responses, as well as patterns of vegetative selection and utilization under the pastoral system currently employed in …

Population Dynamics And Harvest Of Canada Geese In Utah, John Tautin

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A twenty-one year (1952-72) accumulation of banding data for Canada geese in Utah was studied to determine the distribution and chronology of the harvest of the geese and the effects that hunting regulations have had upon harvests and population parameters. The banding data were also used in an attempt to develop a population model capable of predicting population trends and desirable survival rates.

Within Utah, the bulk of the annual harvest (78 percent) takes place in the northern portion of the State in the vicinity of the Great Salt Lake marshes. In Northern Utah the harvest peaks on the opening …

Feeding Behavior Of Pen Reared Mule Deer Under Winter Range Conditions, Michael A. Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study examined the feeding responses of mule deer to a system of spring livestock grazing. The specific purposes were 1) to determine botanical composition of diets selected by mule deer on a winter range subjected to previous spring grazing by sheep compared to one with no sheep grazing and 2) to develop a basis for predicting selection of individual plants by deer, based on physical characteristics of the plants and the species and physical proximity of associated plants.

The study was conducted within the framework of a completely randomized experimental design with two treatments. Variables controlled for each unit …

Turkey Point Tritium: Progress Report To Energy Research And Development Administration, H. Gote Ostlund, H. Gorman Dorsey

RSMAS Technical Reports

In 1972-73, Florida Power and Light Company (FPL) began operation of two nuclear reactors at Turkey Point on lower Biscayne Bay. The reactors are of the pressurized water type, each capable of 760 megawatts gross output and each requiring a large quantity of cooling water. Originally the demand for sufficient water for the operation of the nuclear reactors was to be met by a single-pass cooling system, utilizing Bay water (essentially an enlargement of the existing fossil fuel units cooling system). The proposed increase in cooling water requirement, from 1270 cu ft/sec to 4260 cu ft/sec, that would be required …

The Cost Of Environmental Protection: A Review, Ian T. Ball

IUSTITIA

Dan Richardson's study is "an attempt to analyze present regulatory procedures in the New Jersey coastal zone, with an emphasis on the cost of these procedures to residential developers and housing consumers." Specifically, twenty-one residential developments in a coastal township were monitored from acquisition of land to final approval of the development proposal, and the costs of regulatory approvals, consulting engineering, legal, and governmental fees, as well as holding costs incurred by the developer, were itemized. The costs of the regulatory process were then broken down according to costs incurred during the local regulatory process and those costs resulting from …

Wind-Powered Hydrogen Electric Systems For Farm And Rural Use, Final Report, United States Department Of Energy

Agriculture

The objective of this study has been to determine the current technology of a wind-energy conversion system (WECS) of minimal cost for rural applications. Specifically, IGT has evaluated available methods for converting shaft horse-power from a wind turbine to electricity and hydrogen. A workable mix of these two energy forms with storage that can support the energy needs of selected farming operations and the rural home was sought.

Energy load patterns of several farming operations were examined for interfacing with the energy storage and delivery systems that are supplied by wind turbines dependent on the prevalent winds. Several preliminary designs …

Cost-Benefit Considerations In Routing Pipelines Through Offshore Fishing Grounds, James R. Sturges

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The purpose of this work is to explore the technology and economics associated with the options which might be used to transport oil from Georges Bank with the least total cost objective in mind. First, we summarize background information on the existing usage of Georges Bank by fishermen and those offshore areas of greatest interest to the oil industry. A consideration of various alternatives of transportation to shore and their relative costs (and benefits) should allow one to get a handle, approximate as it may be, on which might be best for society as a whole in terms of least …

Ua12/2/19 Earth Week, Energy For Student Awareness

WKU Administration Documents

Newspaper created by the Energy for Student Awareness group regarding Earth Week and environmental issues.

Ua77/1 Western Alumnus, Vol. 45, No. 1, Wku Alumni Relations

WKU Administration Documents

WKU alumni magazine. Features the following articles:

• Relevance - Western Environmental Programs
• The Environmental Sciences & Technology Building
• Snodgrass, Jim. Environmental Education
• Hurst, Teri. Carpooling - The Energy Saver
• Henderson, Ray. A Piece of the Rock - Football
• Mud, Rice and Camellias
• Conlin, Bill. Hilltoppers Classy Club - Football
• Feix, Jimmy. Western Pays Its Tribute to This Dear & Gentle Man - Nick Denes
• Bruce, Don. Teacher of the Year - Paula Morgan
• Ward, Robert. Letters from Ireland
• Conway, Sheila. A Dream Come True - Randy Yeager
• Remember When? - Faculty Photograph
• Governor Julian Carroll Honors Dr. L.Y. Lancaster for …

Evolution Of The Us-Ussr Draft Convention On The Prohibition Of Military Or Any Other Hostile Use Of Environmental Modification Techniques: New International Environmental Law, Howard L. April

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

One cannot pick up a newspaper or news magazine at this time in early 1976 without reading about possible threats to the environment such as Concorde SST's potential impact on the ozone layer or the possibility that the fluorocarbon propellants in aerosol cans will deplete the ozone layer. In February 1976, Secretary of Transportation Coleman in announcing his decision to permit the Concorde to land at Dulles Airport outside of Washington, D.C. and at JFK Airport in New York considered that the impact of the 16 months of test flights on the stratosphere would be miniscule and the speculation of …

The Nature And Distribution Of Enteric Bacteria In Las Vegas Bay, Samuel S. Egdorf

Publications (WR)

The distribution of water and of enteric bacteria of possible fecal origin into Las Vegas Bay from Las Vegas Wash was determined. Determination of distribution patterns was attained by applying the concept of the population component ratio of enteric bacteria. The development and application of new techniques and methods implicit in the application of the "component ratio" concept are discussed. The unreliability of thoroughly referenced techniques and methods generally accepted as standard are treated in detail. Physical factors affecting the distribution and deposition of enteric bacteria (including those of special public health importance) in Las Vegas Bay are also discussed.

Buffalo National River Ecosystems - Part Ii, R. E. Babcock, E. E. Dale, H. C. Macdonald, R. L. Meyer, D. G. Parker, E. B. Smith, K. F. Steele

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The priorities were established for the Buffalo National River Ecosystem Studies through meetings and correspondence with Mr. Roland Wauer and other personnel of the Office of Natural Sciences, Southwest Region of the National Park Service. These priorities were set forth in the appendix of contract no. CX 700050443 dated May 21, 1975.

A Systems Study Of Oil Pollution Abatement And Control For Portland Inner And Outer Harbor, Casco Bay, Maine, Arthur D. Little, Inc.

Maine Collection

A Systems Study of Oil Pollution Abatement and Control for Portland Inner and Outer Harbor, Casco Bay, Maine

to State of Maine, Department of Environmental Protection, State House Augusta, Maine 04330

Appropriation Number 4320-4001

by Arthur D. Little, Incorporated, 20 Acorn Park, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140 (March 15, 1976).

Contents: Executive Summary / 1. Introduction / 2. Identification of Vulnerable Resources / 3. Potential Oil Spill Locations / 4. Oil Spill Movement / 5. Containment and Disposal Systems / 6. Oil Monitoring Systems / 7. Marine Navigation In Portland Inner and Outer Harbors / Appendices

Research For The Development Of Guidelines For Conducting And Analyzing An Environmental Water Quality Study To Determine Statistically Meaningful Results, Melvin D. Springer

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

This report presents and discusses the basic statistical models and methods which are useful to researchers in the field of water resources research, as well as in other fields. These models and methods are presented from the standpoint of type (parametric and nonparametric - or distribution free) and purpose (e.g., simultaneous comparison of several means, comparison of two or more variances, establishment of a difference between two means with a specified confidence, etc.). The material is presented with emphasis primarily upon methodology, including the necessary assumptions upon which each model is based. No derivations or proofs are given, since these …

Water Current, Volume 8, No. 2, March/April 1976

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
NWRRI Research Seminar
Water Resources Activities - Agency Overview
AEEP Distinguished Foreign Lecturer
Water Research in Nebraska
Agreement Signed Between WRC and ERDA
Government's Water Pollution Program Questioned
Coal and the Powder River Basin: Five-State Groundwater Study Underway
Research Review

Wildlife And Vertebrate Pests In Egypt, A. Maher Ali, Hassana Hafez

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 7th (1976)

The conservation of Egyptian wildlife is discussed. Control measures are reviewed for rodents and birds, especially the house sparrow. Because of the high dam permanent irrigation has resulted in Arvicanthis becoming a more serious invader of rural buildings.

The Role Of Private Consultants In Vertebrate Pest Problems In Canada, D.E. Alsager

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 7th (1976)

An in depth look at the principal requirements of an orderly and systematic approach to vertebrate pest problems in Canada is presented (Part I) as a prerequisite to a proposed theoretical model illustrating the involvement of various agencies. A model depicting how these agencies could best utilize their available resources towards the development of improved vertebrate pest control technology is presented in Part II. The involvement of private consultants in vertebrate pestology is relatively new (and perhaps unappreciated), yet offers substantial potential in the development of selected facets of the vertebrate pest field. The proposed roles of other agencies are …

4-Aminopyrioine For Protecting Crops From Birds-A Current Review, Jerome F. Besser

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 7th (1976)

4-aminopyridine, a chemical frightening agent, has proved effective for protecting field corn, sweet corn, sunflowers, peanuts, and pecans from attack by birds, chiefly blackbirds. Problems in more effective use of the product, Avitrol FC Corn Chops 99, by growers include restricted availability; a restricted number of certified applicators, few of whom have the time to attain an adequate knowledge of bird damage problems and to put forth a concerted and maintained baiting effort that is necessary to obtain the best results; a weakness in use directions that causes much of the bait to be squandered or used less effectively; and …

Controlling Damage By Forest Rodents And Lagomorphs Through Habitat Manipulation, John E. Borrecco

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 7th (1976)

Damage to coniferous seedlings and trees by forest rodents, including forest lagomorphs, is a major factor limiting prompt regeneration and causing significant losses in young stands. Manipulating the vegetation to adversely influence food and cover thereby reducing animal numbers is proposed as an approach to alleviating damage. The adaptability, high reproductive potential, opportunistic feeding behavior, and mobility of forest rodents combined with the species diversity of rodent communities, rapid recovery of vegetation, and need for long-term protection make habitat manipulation for damage control a difficult approach. However, an example is presented where herbicide-induced reduction in vegetative cover and availability of …

Laboratory And Field Investigations With Difenacoum, A Promising New Rodenticide, John O. Bull

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 7th (1976)

Difenacoum is a new rodenticide recently introduced on the British market; it is one of the most potent of a series of hydroxycoumarin-based anticoagulants. Difenacoum is effective against laboratory rats and mice resistant to conventional anticoagulants and has a marked selectivity in favor of non-target species. Vitamin K₁ is an effective antidote and the hazard of secondary poisoning is minimal. Laboratory and field trials confirm difenacoum's efficacy against wild resistant strains. Further work is in progress to evaluate the efficacy of difenacoum against other rodent pest species.

Review Of Cultural And Other Control Methods For Reducing Pine Vole Populations In Apple Orchards, Rose E. Byers, R.S. Young, R.D. Neeley

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 7th (1976)

The use of cultivation three times a year (May, July, and November) or cultivation plus a residual herbicide twice a year (July and November) greatly aided in the control of pine voles Microtus pinetorum (LeConte) in apple orchards. The use of Chlorophacinone (CPN) or Diphacinone (DPN) baits placed by hand in holes and runs 2-3 weeks after the November cultivation resulted in a very effective control procedure. Without cultivation at least two applications of anticoagulant baits at the rate of 10 lbs/acre each were required to insure adequate control. Due to low apple prices in 1975, large numbers of dropped …

Bird And Mammal Problems In Southeastern Pine Forests, T.E. Campbell

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 7th (1976)

Birds and rodents eat pine seeds needed for regeneration, and the larger mammals destroy established seedlings by browsing or trampling. Some of the problems they cause have been solved or solutions are near; some still defy solution.

Bird And Mammal Problems In Southeastern Pine Forests, T.E. Campbell

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 7th (1976)

Birds and rodents eat pine seeds needed for regeneration, and the larger mammals destroy established seedlings by browsing or trampling. Some of the problems they cause have been solved or solutions are near; some still defy solution.

Increasing Pocket Gopher Problems In Reforestation, John C. Capp

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 7th (1976)

Concern over pocket gopher damage to conifer seedlings is increasing rapidly in the northwestern United States. The evolution of the pocket gopher (Thomomys spp.) has resulted in an animal that occurs throughout northwest forested areas and responds to site disturbances by increasing numbers and distribution. Pocket gophers kill or slow growth of conifer seedlings. More extensive logging, wildfires, and insect epidemics are resulting in more damage problem areas. This will continue. Current damage control is judged poor. Juvenile dispersal, high natural mortality rate, need for intensive treatment on entire damaged areas, current dependency on pesticides for control, increasing …

Training For High School Students In Animal Damage Control, Stanley Christensen, Clark P. Allen

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 7th (1976)

The training program was started in 1973 for students in Advance Agriculture Occupations classes. Several state and federal agencies were involved in the planning and have since been involved in the training program. The program stresses the practical approach with a variety of field work and related classroom work. Classroom work covers all problems involved in animal damage control. The program is still in the innovative stage, but it seems to be fulfilling a need.

Pheromones In Small Rodents And Their Potential Use In Pest Control, Erik Christiansen

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 7th (1976)

The paper reviews social interactions in small rodents in which pheromones have been reported to play a part. Some of the chemical messengers involved may have a potential use in control of rodent pests. Research in this field should be encouraged, because alternatives to the current control methods are highly desirable.