Digital Commons Network^™

Perspectives On Wildlife Nuisance Control: Results Of A Wildlife Damage Control Firm's Customer Survey, Lynn A. Braband, Kevin D. Clark

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 5th (1991)

Customers of Critter Control, Ins, offices were surveyed in 1990 and 1991 to examine their views and experience nuisance wildlife. Most of the survey respondents were having problems with raccoons (Procyon lotor), squirrels (Sciurus), skunks (Mephitis mephitis), woodchucks (Marmata monax), and moles (Talpidae). Approximately 25% of the respective attempted to control the nuisance situation themselves before contacting Critter Control. Most customers approved of the control of rats/mice (Muridae), moles, snakes, bats (Chiroptera), pigeons (Columba livia), and skunks. Most disapproves lethal control of deer (Odocoileus spp. ), geese (Branta …

Extension Wildlife Damage Management In Alabama, James B. Armstrong

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 5th (1991)

I present a compilation of wildlife damage data collected via a mail survey distributed to 146 county agents Alabama Cooperative Extension Service. A 55% response rate was obtained with 2 mailings. Snakes and rodents were the of most wildlife damage complaints. Regional differences in the number of complaints were observed for white-tailed (Odocoileus virginianus), coyotes (Cams latrans), and nine-banded armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus). Information collection was used to: (1) determine the status of wildlife damage in Alabama from the perspective of the county extension agents; (2) educational programs; and (3) justify the production of wildlife …

Survey Of Bird Damage To Blueberries In North America, Michael L. Avery, John W. Nelson, Marcia A. Cone

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 5th (1991)

In this survey of 15 states and British Columbia, 84% of the 49 respondents considered bird damage to blueberries (Vaccinium sp. ) to be serious or moderately serious. As in a similar 1972 survey, the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris), American robin (Turdus migratorius), and common grackle (Quiscalus quiscula) were listed as the most serious pest species. Most of the people surveyed who formerly used Mesuroll to control bird depredations felt that the severity of bird damage increased in 1989 when the registration for Mesuroll use on fruit lapsed. Based on the responses to …

Animal Damage Management: Responsibilities Of Various Agencies And The Needs For Coordination And Support, Jack H. Berryman

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 5th (1991)

It is a pleasure and privilege to again have a part in the Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference and to return to Ithaca and Cornell. The opportunity is much appreciated. I commend the sponsors of the conference and their selection of the theme, "Human and Wildlife Interactions: Public Perceptions and Management Realities"-an increasingly important and compelling topic.

It will be my purpose to discuss the responsibilities of various agencies and stress the obvious imperative of coordination, cooperation, and support. In keeping with the conference theme, I would like to develop the concept that the cooperating agencies should assume a greater …

Efficacy And Methodology Of Urban Pigeon Control With Drc-1339, Keith M. Blanton, Bernice U. Constantine, Gerald L. Williams

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 5th (1991)

During 1990 and 1991, feral pigeon (Columbia tivia) baiting programs using compound DRC-1339 were con in 6 cities in Kentucky and Tennessee. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Damage Control (ADC) personnel evaluated each problem site, selected bait sites, supervised prebaidng, mixed, and toxic bait. In most cases, local personnel conducted the prebaiting and disposed of dead birds. Seven pigeon flocks con 95-735 birds were reduced by up to 100% with 1 or 2 baitings with 0.37 % DRC-1339-treated bait. Most birds died at their areas or on rooftops where they were not …

Use Of Drc-1339 To Eliminate Gulls And Re-Establish A Tern Nesting Colony In Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, Bradford G. Blodget, Laura Henze

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 5th (1991)

DRC-1339 was used in 1990 and 1991 to reverse gull (Laridae) domination at Ram Island in Mattapoisett, Massachusetts, a site historically important to the endangered roseate tern (Sterna dougallii). Reduction of the very dense gull population at Ram Island and reclamation of the island for nesting terms is seen as a challenge, especially considering the site's proximity to New Bedford, the largest commercial fishery on the Atlantic Seaboard. During 1990 and 1991, gull productivity at Ram Island was completely suppressed Eight hundred twenty-three and 172 gulls were recovered dead following treatments in 1990 and 1991. Females predominated nearly …

Control Of Ring-Billed Gulls And Herring Gulls Nesting At Urban And Industrial Sites In Ontario, 1987-1990, Hans Blokpoel, Gaston D. Tessier

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 5th (1991)

Large numbers of ring-billed gulls (Larus delawarensis) and much smaller numbers of herring gulls (L. argentatus) have begun to nest at several industrial and urban sites in the Canadian Great Lakes causing a flight safety problem (nesting at end of a runway), disrupting commercial operations (nesting on roads and storage yards), and creating nuisances (noise and smell of the colony and defecations on equipment). Gulls were prevented from nesting by scaring (using tethered birds of prey, moving vehicles, and foot patrols equipped with cracker shells) or by physically excluding them (by installing monofilament lines). At some …

Sheep And Goat Losses To Predators In The United States, Guy Connolly

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 5th (1991)

This paper analyzes and compares 3 recent estimates of the value of sheep, lambs, and goats killed by predators in the United States. The estimates, by Pearson (1986a,b), the General Accounting Office (GAO 1990), and the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS 1991), varied from $18 million to $59.7 million annually due to differences in scope, assumptions, data, and estimation methods of the 3 studies. Pearson's and NASS's estimates of the value of sheep and lambs lost to predators in 17 western states totaled $38.3 million and $18.3 million in 1984 and 1990, respectively. The difference between these estimates was attributed …

Reducing Nuisance Canada Goose Problems Through Habitat Manipulation, Michael R. Conover

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 5th (1991)

Urban populations of Canada geese (Branta canadensis) cause considerable problems when large numbers congregate in parks, playing fields, and backyards. In most cases, geese are drawn to these sites to feed on the lawns. I tested whether geese have feeding preferences for different grass species. Captive Canada geese preferred Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) and disliked tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceae) over colonial bentgrass (Agrostis tenuis cv. Highland), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), and red fescue (Festuca rubra). They refused to eat some other ground covers such as pachysandra (Pachysandra terminalis …

Synopsis Of A Course On The Principles Of Wildlife Damage Management, Michael R. Conover

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 5th (1991)

Five courses were offered by Utah State University's Program in Wildlife Damage Management (WDM) in 1991: (1) Principles of WDM, (2) WDM Techniques, (3) Wildlife Livestock Relationships, (4) WDM Policy, and (5) Urban Wildlife Management. Principles of WDM was the introductory course in this series. It was an upper-division course; most students were in the Colleges of Agriculture and Natural Resources. In this paper, I provide a synopsis of this course hoping such information will be useful to other people designing a course on this topic.

Rather than using a textbook for Principles of WDM, students were required to read …

An Avian/Airport Study For Standiford Airport, Louisville, Kentucky Results And Management Implications, Bernice U. Constantin, John K. Floyd

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 5th (1991)

An avian/airport study was conducted by the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health h Service, Animal Damage Control (ADC) from 9 February 1989-18 March 1990 to evaluate near-tern bird control Standiford Field Airport (SDF), Louisville, Kentucky. Field surveys were performed on SDF and the Outer Loop Lands to gather data on both daily and seasonal trends in bird activity and effectiveness of management efforts employed by operator to control bird activity. Data for high-interest species groups were sorted according to site, time of day, and month. Raptors were present at the airport and landfill throughout the year. …

Pen Tests Of Methyl Anthranilate As A Bird Repellent In Water, Richard A. Dolbeer, Larry Clark, Paul P. Woronecki, Thomas W. Seamans

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 5th (1991)

Two commercial (ReJeX-iTR brand) formulations of methyl anthranilate (MA), at concentrations of 0.10 - 0.5096 (0 -0.32% active ingredient [a.i.]), were highly effective in repelling mallards (Anal plaryrhynchos), and ring-billed gulls (detawarensis) from pools of water in pen tests. For mallards, pool entries and bill contacts with water in MA-treated pools 1.4 and 4.0% of the levels in untreated pools during a 2-choice test, and 4.2 and 8.8% of the levels in untreated pools during 1-choice test. For gulls, the repellency levels were even higher, with activity levels in treated pools being < 1% of levels untreated pools during I- and 2-choice tests. We recommend further pen tests to determine minimum effective concentrate levels and a field test to determine responses of free-ranging birds.

Modification Of Raccoon Food Resources In Parks To Reduce Rabies Risks To Humans, Stephen C. Frantz

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 5th (1991)

In May 1990, the mid-Atlantic raccoon (Procyon lotor) rabies epizootic crossed New York State's southern border. By the end of the year, 84 rabid raccoons had been identified from a 400-km "front" in the State's southern tier of counties. By about mid-February 1991, the number of confirmed rabid raccoons increased to 134. Major metropolitan areas are threatened and predictions for the future indicate a pressing need for information and services by various government agencies. High-risk areas currently are park campgrounds, but will be extended as the outbreak progresses to include urban parks and those residential communities having large raccoon populations. …

Raptors And Racing Pigeons: An Analysis Of Avian Predation On Dome Pigeons, James B. Armstrong

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 5th (1991)

Relationships among pigeons, raptors, and man are well documented. However, there has been little effort to study conflict between pigeon fanciers and raptors that prey upon racing pigeons. A questionnaire concerning the characteristics raptor predation on pigeons was distributed to members of the American Racing Pigeon Union (ARPU). Three hundred and sixty seven responses were received from ARPU members in 39 states. Cooper's hawks were the most often implicated raptor. Lots located at the edge of wooded areas experienced the most attacks (n =182). Most fanciers (n =154) indicated that raptor attacks were distributed throughout the day.

Long-Term Monitoring Of Water Quality And Biological Indicators In Hillsborough Bay, Tampa Bay, Florida, Bay Study Group, J. O. R. Johansson

Reports

The Bay . study Group of the City of Tampa has conducted an extensive monitoring program of water quality and various biological indicator organisms in Hillsborough Bay and Middle Tampa Bay since 1978 (Figure 1). Hillsborough Bay has generally had the poorest water quality of the Tampa Bay subsections. The monitoring program started as a comprehensive study of phytoplankton productivity and standing crop to evaluate anticipated future effects of domestic wastewater pollution abatement as the City of Tampa converted its wastewater treatment process from primary to state of the art nitro~en removal. The Bay stud¥ Group is the only organization …

Water Resources Review - February 1991 Vol 4 No 1, Annis Water Resources Institute

AWRI Reviews

No abstract provided.

Thermal Desorption Of Organic Contaminant From Sand Using A Continuous Feed Rotary Kiln, Hsien-Tsung Chern

Theses

The purpose of this research was to determine the feasibility of removing organic contaminants from sand by thermal desorption. A continuous feed rotary kiln was designed and constructed to study the thermal desorption behavior of organic contaminant from sand with respect to temperature and residence time, and to develop a mathematical model that will describe this desorption behavior. The model will allow prediction of the desorption rate of an organic contaminant in larger scale rotary kiln desorption system over temperature at a known set of residence time.

In this experiment, sand was uniformly contaminated with a known amount of organic …

Anaerobic Biological Treatment Of Incinerator Ash To Immobilize Toxic Metal Residues, Uma Parasar

Theses

In this study, a reliable and inexpensive method for biologically immobilizing toxic heavy metal residues present in very high concentrations in incinerator ash was developed. Desulfovibrzo, a genus of sulfate-reducing bacteria was cultured and treated with combined ash under anaerobic conditions. The carbon source, lactate, and the electron acceptor, sulfate, were provided to the cultures for their normal growth. Since the sulfate reducers utilize organic matter using sulfate as the oxidizing agent, sulfides are the corresponding end products of the reaction. Ash was added to well established cultures of desu f ovibrio. Immobilization of the heavy metals in the ash …

Gas Chromatographic Method For Determination Of 28 Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted From A Sewerage Plant, Yeming Sun

Theses

In this study, 28 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the Linden Roselle Sewerage Authority Plant (LRSA) were monitered. The determination by gas chromatography (GC) is presented. This work emphasizes the collection of whole air samples, using a canister-based sampling system with cryogenic concentration. An appropriate temperature program was selected to obtain the best sample separation. The procedure for the identification of 28 standard gas mixture was achieved by comparing the chromatograms of sample with those of the specific groups of target compounds, as well as by comparing the sample with the results from GC Mass spectrometeric analysis. Because of …

Thermal Desorption Of Contaminated Soils, Hsi-Ming Sung

Theses

A new method by employing the heating probe for the in-situ cleanup of soils that are contaminated with volatile organic hazardous substances is explored. This investigation is a laboratory simulation that was aimed to evaluate the feasibility of desorption of volatile organic compoumds (VOCs) from soil, and to determine the efficiency of the heating probe for maximum desorption.

Two organic compounds, Trichloroethylene, Carbon tetrachloride, were selected as simulants. The experimental results demonstrate that the removal efficiency range from 97.65% to >99.95% of Trichloroethylene and 98.14% to >99.95% of Carbon tetrachloride can be recovered for a 24 hour interval with a …

Analysis Of Chemical Contaminants In Tissue Samples From Two Species Of Fish, Michael David Reive

Theses

Interaction of marine species with chemical pollutants within the marine ecosystem is extremely complex and difficult to interpret. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the effect of an exposure of treated municipal wastewater on winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) and striped bass (Morone saxatilis). Fish from two locations were exposed to different concentrations of wastewater. Half of the fish from each tank were sacrificed, and the remaining fish were given a depuration period in unpolluted water. Tissue samples were composited, soxhlet extracted and passed through a florisil cleanup column. Gas chromatography, was used to analyze for hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorobutadiene, Aroclor …

A Space-Based Solar Screen Against Climatic Warming, Michael Noah Mautner

Chemistry Publications

The expected global warming may be reversed by space-based screen that would intercept a fraction of the solar radiation incident on Earth. Warming by 2-5^oC could be prevented by intercepting 3-7%, respectively, of the incident solar radiation. The screen may be constructed for example of a thin film, a grid of film supported by a mesh or fine-grained dust deployed in orbit about the Earth. For an average film thickness or particle radius of 0.001 cm, the required mass is 10¹⁴ - 10¹⁵ g, equivalent to a medium sized lunar mountain or asteroid. The material may …

An Analysis Of East Pond And The Serpentine Watersheds In Relation To Water Quality, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby College

Colby College Watershed Study: East and North Ponds (2011, 1999, 1996, 1991)

The Belgrade Lakes in central Maine are important local ecological and recreational resources. The belgrade chain includes the following lakes: East Pond, North Pond, Great Pond, Long Pond, Salmon Lake and Messalonskee Lake. These lakes are all interconnected within the system driving into the Kennebec River through the Messalonskee Stream (Garrity and Putnam, 1971). East Pond is the first lake in the lake chain and it plays a pivotal role in influencing subsequent lakes. Therefore, the water quality of this lake is important not only to East Pond residents but to the residents of the entire lakes region.

East pond …

Wbecon: A Windbreak Evaluation Model 1, James R. Brandle

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Estimation Of Shortwave Hemispherical Reflectance (Albedo) From Bidirectionally Reflected Radiance Data, Elizabeth A. Walter-Shea, Blaine L. Blad

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Leaf Reflectance And Transmittance In Soybean And Corn, Elizabeth A. Walter-Shea, Blaine Blad

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Predicting Canopy Light-Use Efficiency From Leaf Characteristics, T. J. Arkebauer

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Modeling Canopy Stomatal Conductance In A Temperate Grassland Ecosystem, Joon Kim, Shashi B. Verma

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Modeling Canopy Photosynthesis: Scaling Up From A Leaf To Canopy In A Temperate Grassland Ecosystem, S. B. Verma

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Photoperiod Control Of Poplar Bark Storage Protein Accumulation, Gary D. Coleman, Tony H.H. Chen, Stephen G. Ernst, Leslie Fuchigami

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Bark storage proteins (BSPs) accumulate in the inner bark parenchyma of many woody plants during autumn and winter. We investigated the effect of a short-day (SD) photoperiod on the accumulation of the 32-kilodalton bark storage protein of poplar (Populus deltoides Bart. ex Marsh.) under controlled environmental and natural growing conditions. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and protein gel blot analysis revealed that 10 days of SD exposure (8 hours of light) resulted in a 20% increase in the relative abundance of the 32-kilodalton bark storage protein of poplar. After 17 days of SD exposure, the 32-kilodalton bark storage protein …