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Soil And Water Conservation Provisions Of The 1990 Food, Agriculture, Conservation And Trade Act, Monroe Rasnake, Bob Eddleman, Tommy Howard

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Soil conservation is not new in Kentucky. Most farmers are aware of the need to protect soil and have used practices such as crop rotation, residue management, contour tillage, sod waterways, and no-till for many years. However, soil erosion is of neverending concern and still remains a problem in many areas.

The Probe, Issue 118 - January/February 1992

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

THE PROBE
National Animal Damage Control Association
JANUARY/FEBRUARY 1992
Last Chance for NADCA Membership & Logo Contest!
NRA& Utah State Positions Now Available
NADCA Membership Meeting at Vertebrate Pest Conference

13.2.7. Identifying The Factors That Limit Duck Production, James K. Ringelman

Waterfowl Management Handbook

Low duck populations in the late 1980’s and early 1990’s prompted unprecedented action from the natural resources community. Agencies and private organizations that were traditionally involved with waterfowl management redoubled their efforts, in the process forming partnerships with groups that were relatively new to the waterfowl management arena. Many resource managers who have had relatively little experience with waterfowl habitat management now find themselves expected to manage duck populations for increased production. Decades of waterfowl research and management experience have provided them with many potential management tools. Unfortunately, the absence of general guidelines for directing waterfowl management actions has put …

13.2.14. Management Of Habitat For Breeding And Migrating Shorebirds In The Midwest, Jan Eldridge

Waterfowl Management Handbook

Shorebirds have always relied on the extensive network of natural wetlands from Texas to North Dakota. This network has now been fractured by wetland drainage and agriculture to the point where suitable wetlands are absent in much of the Midwest. Habitat loss and the resulting risk of population decline highlight the importance of management of shorebirds on refuges, hunting clubs, and preserves for both breeding and migrating species.

Because shorebirds, like waterfowl, depend on wetlands throughout the year, the loss of natural wetlands in the Midwest poses a real threat. Unfortunately, shorebirds are slow to recover from population declines caused …

13.3.6. Ecology Of Montane Wetlands, James K. Ringelman

Waterfowl Management Handbook

Most waterfowl managers envision typical waterfowl habitat as the undulating or flat terrain characteristic of the prairie pothole region of the north-central United States or the aspen parklands of Canada. However, several other habitats in North America provide valuable resources for breeding and migrating waterfowl. Among these is the Rocky Mountain region of the western United States, which stretches in a band 100&#;500 miles (160&#;800 km) wide and 1,240 miles (1,984 km) long from south-central New Mexico to northern Montana (Figure).

Some Rocky Mountain wetland complexes contain waterfowl breeding densities that equal or exceed those of prairie breeding habitat, and …

13.3.7. Ecology Of Playa Lakes, David A. Haukos, Loren M. Smith

Waterfowl Management Handbook

Between 25,000 and 30,000 playa lakes are in the playa lakes region of the southern high plains (Fig. 1). Most playas are in west Texas (about 20,000), and fewer, in New Mexico, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Colorado. The playa lakes region is one of the most intensively cultivated areas of North America. Dominant crops range from cotton in southern areas to cereal grains in the north. Therefore, most of the native short-grass prairie is gone, replaced by crops and, recently, grasses of the Conservation Reserve Program. Playas are the predominant wetlands and major wildlife habitat of the region.

More than 115 …

13.1.6. Life History And Habitat Needs Of The Wood Duck, Katie M. Dugger, Leigh H. Fredrickson

Waterfowl Management Handbook

The wood duck is North America’s most widely distributed endemic species, and most of its wintering and breeding range falls within the 48 contiguous states (Fig. 1). The wood duck inhabits forested wetlands and, because of its need for nest cavities, is closely tied to North America’s remaining forest resources. Habitat destruction, market hunting, and liberal hunting seasons contributed to drastic declines and, in some cases, regional eradication of local wood duck populations. Subsequent implementation of hunting restrictions and the high reproductive rate of the species are responsible for the recovery of wood duck populations to current stable levels.

As …

Soil Nitrogen Dynamics Following Harvesting And Conversion Of Red Alder And Douglas-Fir Stands, H. Van Miegroet, P. S. Homann, D. W. Cole

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Drastic reductions in NO3- leaching have been observed after harvesting of mature red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) stands. Our objective was to examine whether these reduction were linked to changes in soil N dynamics. Adjacent alder and Douglas fir [Pseudotsuga menziessii (Mirbel.) Franco] stands on young glacial soils (Alderwood; a loamy-skeletal, mixed, mesic, ortstein Aquic Haplorthod) in western Washington were harvested and replanted with either alder or Douglas fir seedlings; reference plots were established in nearby undisturbed stands. Three years after site conversion, when NO3- leaching declined most drastically in the harvested alder plots, net N mineralization and net nitrification …

Visual Feeding By Juvenile Bear Lake Sculpin, D. Neverman, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Young-of-the-year Bear Lake sculpin Cottus extensus feed throughout the day on benthic invertebrates and cease feeding at night when they migrate to the metalimnion. We investigated their reliance on vision by conducting feeding trials at different light levels in the laboratory. Feeding rate reached a maximum at intermediate light levels (near 10^16 photons sm^–2 ss^–1; approximately 1 lux) but decreased as light intensity increased beyond this range. At this maximum rate, the fish fed nine times faster than they were able to feed in the dark, showing that young Bear Lake sculpin rely heavily upon vision to feed. The light …

A Trophic Gradient Analysis Of Lake Powell During Spring Runnoff 1992, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Clyde Lay, Darren Carlise, Corey Huxol, Craig Schaugaard, Beau Clements, David Beauchamp

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Between 26 April and 2 May 1992, students in a utah state university aquatic ecology class visited Lake Powell to do a study of trophic gradients of the reservoir. The main axis of the reservoir was surveyed, as well as less detailed analyses of Moki and Escalante Canyons. The work was conducted in collaboration with personnel from the u.s. Bureau of Reclamation headed by Bill Vernieu, and from the u.s. Geological Survey (Dick Marzolf). Some of their data appear in the physical-chemical section of this report.

Each student was responsible for compiling a report on one of the following specific …

Snake River Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus Nerka) Habitat/Limnologic Research, Scott Spaulding, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Shoshone-Bannock Tribe

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

This report outlines long-term planning and monitoring activities that occurred in 1991 and 1992 in the Stanley Basin Lakes of the upper Salmon River, Idaho for the purpose of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) recovery. Limnological monitoring and experimental sampling protocol, designed to establish a limnological baseline and to evaluate sockeye salmon production capability of the lakes, are present:ed. Also presented are recommended passage improvements for current fish passage barriers/impediments on migratory routes to the lakes. We initiated O. Nerka population evaluations for Redfish and Alturas lakes; this included population estimates of emerging kokanee fry entering each lake in the spring …

Wider Spaced Rows For Lupins, Ron Jarvis

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

In this farm scale trial at Wongan Hills, a lined combine was used to seed lupins into rows spaced 380 mm apart in wheat stubble.

Cost Effective Stubble Retention Practices, Andrew Green, Ed Blanchard

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

To increase the rate of adoption of stubble retention farming systems the Grains Research and Development Corporation is funding a three-year project with the Farm Machinery Unit to develop low cost, stubble handling systems from harvest to seeding

An Introduction To The Soils Of The Merredin Advisory District, T C. Stoneman, National Soil Conservation Program (Australia)

Bulletins 4000 -

With descriptions, illustrations and notes on nine common soils.

Phytoplankton Community Abundance And Diversity In Dardanelle Reservoir, Arkansas, 1981-1990, John D. Rickett, Robert L. Watson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Phytoplankton samples were collected quarterly from 1981-1990 at five stations representing discharge water from Arkansas Nuclear One, a nuclear generating station, and four "control" or "dispersal evaluation" stations. Seventy-five taxa representing five divisions were identified and enumerated. Community structure was evaluated using abundances, number of taxa, and Margalef's Richness, Shannon's Heterogeneity and Pielou's Evenness indices. No long-term trends were identified, but the beginning of cyclic variations, with a 7-year periodicity, in abundance, number of taxa, and Shannon's and Pielou's indices were apparent. Margalef's index values were constant during most of the study period. For all samples, t-tests and Mann-Whitney U …

Bacteriological Water Quality Of Beaver Reservoir, Arkansas, Jimmy D. Bragg, Mark E. Clark

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Beaver Reservoir water quality was determined through enumeration of Total coliforms and Fecal coliforms bacterial parameters at selected locations during 1991. Several areas of the reservoir contained high numbers of indicator bacteria, suggesting excessive fecal contamination. Significant numbers of salmonella-like bacteria were also cultured on SS agar, and several strains were serotyped positive for Salmonella antigens.

Factors Limiting Overwinter Survival Of Young-Of-The-Year Largemouth Bass In South Dakota, Todd D. Kolander

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Studies were conducted to examine the effects of total length (TL), prey abundance, and water temperature on approximate body composition, condition index, and overwinter survival of young-of-the-year (YOY) largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides in South Dakota. Growth and condition of YOY largemouth bass stocks from South Dakota and Wisconsin were also compared. Study areas included two South Dakota University impoundments (0.8 hectare each), a gravel pit (7. 3 hectare), and laboratory aquaria. Hatchery reared YOY largemouth bass were graded into short (19-45 mm TL) and long (58-135 mm TL) length groups. Overwinter mortality was 78% and 85% in the two impoundments, …

Natural And Technological Disasters: Causes, Effects And Preventive Measures, Nazrul I. Khandaker

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Lake Trout Spawning In Lake Tahoe: Egg Incubation In Deepwater Macrophyte Beds, D. A. Beauchamp, B. C. Allen, R. C. Richards, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, C. R. Goldman

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Although most populations of lake trout Salvelinus namaycush spawn over rocky shoals, use of these substrates by lake trout has not yet been found in Lake Tahoe. Large cobble substrate exists at depths less than 20 m, and steep, fractured, rocky substrate can be found in isolated areas from the surface down to at least 100 m, but no evidence of spawning activity in these areas has been found. Instead, at least a portion of the population spawns on deepwater mounds (40–60 m deep) over beds of the macrophyte Chara delicatula. This is the first known report of lake trout …

Soil Chemistry And Nutrition Of North American Red Spruce-Fir Stands: Evidence For Recent Change, J. D. Joslin, J. M. Kelly, H. Van Miegroet

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

One set of hypotheses offered to explain the decline of red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) in eastern North America focuses on the effect of acidic deposition on soil chemistry changes that may affect nutrient availability and root function. Long-term soils data suggest that soil acidification has occurred in some spruce stands over the past 50 yr, with plant uptake and cation leaching both contributing to the loss of cations. Studies of tree ring chemistry also have indicated changes in Ca/Al and Mg/Al ratios in red spruce wood, suggesting increases in the ionic strength of soil solution. Irrigation studies using strong …

Population Status And Characteristics Of Macrhybopsis Gelida, Platygobio Gracilis And Rhinichthys Cataractae In The Missouri River Basin, Selena J. Werdon

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Few sturgeon chub (Macrhybopsis gelida: Cyprinidae) have been collected in the last decade, therefore their status, habitat selection and morphology were investigated at 172 previous collection sites. Data on two ecologically similar species, Platygobio gracilis and Rhinichthys cataractae, were also collected. Macrhvbopsis gelida were collected at 28 sites on the Powder River (n = 158) in Wyoming and Montana, and at one site on the Yellowstone River (n = 1) in Montana. Age-I, Age-II and Age-III M. gelida were collected. Specimens were 37 to 95 mm in total length. Macrhvbopsis gelida were ripe in mid-June, at water temperatures of 18.3-22. …

A Implementation Plan For The Rainwater Basin Joint Venture, Richard A. Gersib, Kenneth F. Dinan, Jon D. Kauffeld, Michael D. Onnen, P. Joe Gabig, John E. Cornely, Gerald E. Jasmer, Joseph M. Hyland, Kenneth J. Strom

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

Nebraska's Rainwater Basin (RWB) wetland area is identified by the North American Waterfowl Management Plan (NAWMP) as a waterfowl habitat area of major concern in North America. The Rainwater Basin area is recognized as the focal point of a spring migration corridor used by millions of ducks and geese annually (Figure 1). This migration corridor is shaped like an hourglass, with the Rainwater Basin and Central Platte River located at the constriction.

The Last Interglacial-Glacial Transition In North America: Evidence From Uranium-Series Dating Of Coastal Deposits, Daniel R. Muhs

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Considerable uncertainty exists as to whether the last interglacial was relatively "short" (~10 ka) or "long" (-20-60 ka), although most investigators generally agree that the last interglacial correlates with all or part of deep-sea oxygen-isotope stage 5. A compilation of reliable U-series ages of marine terrace corals from deposits that have been correlated with isotope stage 5 indicates that there were three relatively high sea-level stands at ca 125-120 ka, ca. 105 ka, and ca. 85-80 ka, and these ages agree with the times of high sea level predicted by the Milankovitch orbital-forcing theory. At a number of localities, however, …

Studies Of Ecological Factors That Affect The Population And Distribution Of The Western Gray Squirrel In Northcentral Oregon, Susan Ann Foster

Dissertations and Theses

The western gray squirrel (Sciurus griseus griseus Ord) occur only in the Pacific states and in a small corner of extreme western Nevada. Field studies of aspects of the ecology of the most widely distributed subspecies of western gray squirrel (S. griseus) were conducted at three sites in the ponderosa pine-Oregon white oak zone on the eastern slopes of Mt. Hood, Wasco County, Oregon, between 1981 and 1989. From 1981 through 1987, a Hunter Cooperation Program provided remains of squirrels shot during the annual late summer-early autumn hunting season. Other data were gathered through capture and release studies, radiotelemetry, and …

National And Provincial Park Service Responses To Human-Induced Ecological Change In Ontario, Maria Theresia Kothbauer

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This study examines the human-induced ecological changes occurring in Point Pelee and Pukaskwa National Parks and Rondeau and Lake Superior Provincial Parks as a result of external threats, as well as the methods used by park managers to prevent these changes. The primary objectives were to: examine the types of external threats and their implications to ecosystems in the selected parks; examine the responses of park managers to prevent changes in ecological integrity; determine whether or not the management techniques of park managers are rehabilitating and/or preventing ecological change induced by external threats: and make an initial comparison of national …

Ontario's Blue Box As An Agent Of Change, Robert Nathaniel Burgess

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Ontario's blue box has elicited strong arguments from observers on both sides of a debate regarding the recycling programme‘s promotion of social change in the province. Both supporters and critics agree on our eventual need to change from a consumer to a conserver society through the 3Rs of waste management (reduce. reuse. recycle). but they disagree on whether the blue box programme ultimately encourages this change. Disagreement also exists regarding the means to achieving change. With supporters of the blue box approach favouring working within the system whereas critics tend to favour a more radical approach. Practical criticisms concern the …

The Energy Crisis: The Case Of The Economic Community Of West African States (Ecowas), With Special Reference To Nigeria, Ghana And Burkina Faso, Francis Bliss Lagbo

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The energy crisis of West African countries has assumed major importance over the past few decades. The oil price increases of the 1970s have posed innumerable problems to these countries. But that is hardly the entire story. The vegetation cover of most places have been stripped so bare that people must walk for hours to find the day's supply of firewood, the traditional energy source. Doing something about the problem involves, first of all, understanding what the situation really is. This study provides an analysis of the spatial, sectoral and social inequalities in energy production and consumption in BCOWAS. Scrutiny …

Zooplankton Community Abundance And Diversity In Dardanelle Reservoir, Arkansas, 1981-1990, John D. Rickett, Robert L. Watson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Zooplankton samples were collected quarterly from five stations representing the discharge bay and four "control" or "dispersing impact" stations. Rotifers dominated all samples numerically and by the number of taxa. All major groups (Rotifera, Cladocera, Copepoda, and Protozoa) exhibited greatest abundances during the summer. Quarterly variations in abundance and number of taxa were documented. Except for an increase in taxonomic analysis detail between 1981 and 1984 resulting in several more taxa added to the list, no long-term increases, declines or repeating cycles were apparent. Margalef's Richness Index reflected this change and showed a long-term increase with evidence of a 5- …

The Pros & Cons Of Retaining Stubble, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Few farmers in Western Australia today would question the desirability of retaining crop stubble. The problem usually is how to manage stubble so that it does not interfere with other parts of the farming system

Stubble Retention For Control Of Wind Erosion, Dan Carter, Paul Findlater, Steve Porritt

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The surest way to control wind erosion in continuous cropping systems is to retain stubble. Over the past ten years, Western Australian research has focused on the amounts of stubble needed to prevent that erosion.