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Water Current, Volume 12, No. 2, March/April 1980 Mar 1980

Water Current, Volume 12, No. 2, March/April 1980

Water Current Newsletter

Nebraska's Water: Twenty-Five Years of Change
Research Overview
Proposals Submitted to OWRT
Water Center's Five-Year Research Planning Program
New Staff Members
Recent Staff Activities
208 Program Shifted to DEC
Geothermal Research
Support for Water Research
Animal Escape Ramps for Concrete-Lined Canals
Domenici/Moynihan Compromise Introduced
EPA Groundwater Study
WRC Budget Cuts
US Water Scientist Takes UNESCO Post
Research Review: Suitability of Region-Wide Irrigation Scheduling by Local Evapotranspiration Measurement

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Evaluation Of Possible Temperature Fluctuations From Proposed Power Modifications At Hoover Dam, Larry J. Paulson, John R. Baker, U.S. Water And Power Resources Service Mar 1980

Evaluation Of Possible Temperature Fluctuations From Proposed Power Modifications At Hoover Dam, Larry J. Paulson, John R. Baker, U.S. Water And Power Resources Service

Publications (WR)

There are several planned alternatives for increasing the generation capacity of Hoover Dam to help meet peak power demands. These alternatives include: (a) uprating the existing generating units, (b) replacing or adding one or more generating units and (c) adding reversible pumped-storage hydroelectric units. Since the existing generators are at the end of their economic life and have to be replaced, their uprating has been scheduled as routine maintenance. This will increase the generating capacity of the Hoover Dam powerplant from 1240 MW to 1810 MW, but the anticipated capacity for meeting power demand is 2300 MW. Therefore, modifications (alternatives …

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Evaluation Of Impacts Associated With Reregulation Of Water Levels In Lake Mohave, Larry J. Paulson, John R. Baker, U.S. Water And Power Resources Service Mar 1980

Evaluation Of Impacts Associated With Reregulation Of Water Levels In Lake Mohave, Larry J. Paulson, John R. Baker, U.S. Water And Power Resources Service

Publications (WR)

The U.S. Water and Power Resources Service is considering reregulating Lake Mohave water levels to increase the net power benefit from Hoover Dam. Reregulation will not increase the generation capacity of the Hoover powerplant but it will enable the plant operation to be increased when the energy has greater monetary value. Energy generated at different times of the year has different market value, the highest being in January-March and July- September. By generating more power during these periods more net monetary benefit can be derived from Hoover Dam. The total volume of water released from Hoover Dam over an annual …

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Volume 4, Number 2 (February 1980), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison Feb 1980

Volume 4, Number 2 (February 1980), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison

The OTEC Liaison

No abstract provided.

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Annotated Biobliography Of Remote Sensing For Highway Planning And Natural Resources, An, Daniel L. Civco, William C. Kennard, Michael Wm. Lefor Jan 1980

Annotated Biobliography Of Remote Sensing For Highway Planning And Natural Resources, An, Daniel L. Civco, William C. Kennard, Michael Wm. Lefor

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

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Volume 4, Number 1 (January 1980), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison Jan 1980

Volume 4, Number 1 (January 1980), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison

The OTEC Liaison

No abstract provided.

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An Analysis Of The Irreversible Thermodynamics Model For Coupled Heat And Moisture Transport Phenomena In Unsaturated Porous Media, J. A. Havens Jan 1980

An Analysis Of The Irreversible Thermodynamics Model For Coupled Heat And Moisture Transport Phenomena In Unsaturated Porous Media, J. A. Havens

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The Irreversible Thermodynamics-based model for the description of coupled heat and moisture transfer, attributed to Cary and Taylor, was analyzed. The transport coefficients appearing in the model equations were independently determined, and the equations were numerically integrated to predict temperature and moisture content profiles for a closed system of water unsaturated glass beads. An experimental investigation of the moist glass beads medium provided measurements of steady-state profiles of local temperatures and moisture content. These data, when compared with model predictions, indicated the validity of the Irreversible Thermodynamics approach. The coupling coefficient relating thermal gradients to moisture flux was found to …

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Evaluation Of Areas For Off-Road Recreational Motorcycle Use, Volume I: Evaluation Method, United States Army Corps Of Engineers Jan 1980

Evaluation Of Areas For Off-Road Recreational Motorcycle Use, Volume I: Evaluation Method, United States Army Corps Of Engineers

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

To answer user demands for more areas on which to operate off-road recreational motocycles (trailbikes), and to respond to Presidential Executive Orders which require that Federally-owned lands be evaluated for such use, Army land managers need a systematic way of determining land use suitability. This report describes the method developed by the U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL) to help installation personnel comply with the policies, procedures, and criteria of Army Regulation (AR) 210-9, Use of Off-Road Vehicles on Army Lands.

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Evaluation Of Areas For Off-Road Recreational Motorcycle Use, Volume Ii: Alternate Soil Suitability Determination Methods, United States Army Corps Of Engineers Jan 1980

Evaluation Of Areas For Off-Road Recreational Motorcycle Use, Volume Ii: Alternate Soil Suitability Determination Methods, United States Army Corps Of Engineers

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Volume I of this report described how to evaluate the soil suitability of areas for off-road recreational motorcycle (trailbike) use on land under the jurisdiction of the Department of the Army. This soil evaluation method relied on the availability of a recent, detailed soil survey. Since such surveys are not always available, Volume II describes alternative methods of evaluating the suitability of soils for trailbike use. Volume II illustrates and describes seven alternative soil evaluation methods. Each method is defined as more or less useful in terms of its reliability and the ease and speed by which its results may …

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The Limnological Status Of Lake Mead And Lake Mohave Under Present And Future Powerplant Operations Of Hoover Dam, Larry J. Paulson, John R. Baker, James E. Deacon, U.S. Water And Power Resources Service Jan 1980

The Limnological Status Of Lake Mead And Lake Mohave Under Present And Future Powerplant Operations Of Hoover Dam, Larry J. Paulson, John R. Baker, James E. Deacon, U.S. Water And Power Resources Service

Publications (WR)

The ever-increasing demand for energy in the southwest has led to a search for additional sources of power generation. Coal-fired powerplants currently provide most of the baseline energy in the southwest, but this must be supplemented with hydroelectric power during periods of peak demand. In order to provide additional peaking power, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation is considering a number of projects to modify existing hydroelectric facilities, or add new facilities in the Lake Mead Recreation Area. The Hoover Powerplant Modification Feasibility Investigation was authorized by Congress on December 16, 1975 to determine the feasibility of: (i) adding one or …

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User Manual For The Probabilistic Stream Simulation And Assessment Model (Pssam), Brad A. Finney, David S. Bowles, Michael P. Windham Jan 1980

User Manual For The Probabilistic Stream Simulation And Assessment Model (Pssam), Brad A. Finney, David S. Bowles, Michael P. Windham

Reports

No abstract provided.

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Evaluation Of Mutagenicity Testing Of Extracts From Processed Oil Shale, Judith G. Dickson, V. Dean Adams Jan 1980

Evaluation Of Mutagenicity Testing Of Extracts From Processed Oil Shale, Judith G. Dickson, V. Dean Adams

Reports

The Ames/

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Weather Modification By Cloud Seeding, Arnett S. Dennis Jan 1980

Weather Modification By Cloud Seeding, Arnett S. Dennis

Reports

It is an understatement to say that people are confused about cloud seeding. While it has been called "the crime of the century" and outlawed in Pennsylvania, the governments of the dry, western part of the United States continue to spend tax revenues on cloud seeding to increase water supplies. During the past five years, I have talked with officials responsible for decisions regarding cloud seeding programs in about 15 states of the U.S.A., in a dozen other countries, and in the World Meteorological Organization. Some of the officials involved are experts in atmospheric physics, but most are not. Members …

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Evaluation Of Livestock Runoff As A Source Of Water Pollution In Northern Utah, Stephen T. Wieneke, Dennis B. George, Daniel S. Filip, Brad Finney Jan 1980

Evaluation Of Livestock Runoff As A Source Of Water Pollution In Northern Utah, Stephen T. Wieneke, Dennis B. George, Daniel S. Filip, Brad Finney

Reports

A mathematical model was developed to predict the impact of dairy and beef cattle feedlot runoff on receiving streams. The mathematical expressions used in the model describing runoff quantity and quality were not only a function of single rain or snow precipitation events but also consecutive events prior to the runoff occurrence. The runoff quantity and quality were also a function of feedlot surface. Computer simualtions indicate that pollutants from feedlot runoff may have a significant impact on receiving streams during winter months. Runoff from feedlots located within the study area, however, had little impact on water quality in the …

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Model Of Drawdown In Well Fields Influenced By Boundaries: Technical Description And User's Manual, Najwan T. Shareef, David S. Bowles Jan 1980

Model Of Drawdown In Well Fields Influenced By Boundaries: Technical Description And User's Manual, Najwan T. Shareef, David S. Bowles

Reports

This model is designed to calculate the drawdown of a piezometric surface or water table at a given point of interest in a well field. Many different well and aquifer hydraulic conditions can be considered. The effect of field boundaries is solved by the image well theory. Many points of interest, well (recharge or injection), boundaries (barrier or recharge), and time increments as well as constant and variable pumping rate case have been included in the model. The drawdown at a point of interest can be decomposed into the following compenents for each real well due to the effect of: …

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Evaluation Of Particular Mulches As Plant Growth Media And Erosion Inhibitors, C. Earl Israelson, William F. Campbell, Eugene K. Israelsen, Ronald V. Canfield, David Ianson Jan 1980

Evaluation Of Particular Mulches As Plant Growth Media And Erosion Inhibitors, C. Earl Israelson, William F. Campbell, Eugene K. Israelsen, Ronald V. Canfield, David Ianson

Reports

Introduction: Increasing public awareness of the desireability of protecting the environment from soil erosion caused by wind and water has centered attention on large construction projects such as highways and housing subdivisions, as well as on individual building sites and parking lots. If unattended, sediment produced from these areas pollutes surface water, restricts drainage, fills reservoirs, damages adjacent land, and upsets the natual ecology of lakes and streams. The search continues for products and practices that will prevent or lessen the amount of sediment leaving construction sites. Products currently in use include chemical as well as organic materials, and they …

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Flood Damage Mitigation In Utah, L. Douglas James, Dean T. Larson, Daniel H. Hoggan, Terrence L. Glover Jan 1980

Flood Damage Mitigation In Utah, L. Douglas James, Dean T. Larson, Daniel H. Hoggan, Terrence L. Glover

Reports

Utah is subjected to flash flooding in mountain canyons, mudflows and shallow water flooding on lowlands at the canyon outlets, storm water flooding after thunderstorms in urban areas, and prolonged periods of inundation in certain lowland areas during snowmelt periods. In response to these problems, individuals are making private land use and flood proofing decisions, larger communities have storm water collection programs, three federal agencies are involved in structural flood control, and the Federal Emergency management Agency is managing a National Flood Insurance Program designed to promote community floodplain management efforts. A framework was deceloped of the dynamically interactive feedback …

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Municipal Water Resources Analysis For Area Potentially Impacted By Mx Missile Complex In Utah, Trevor C. Hughes, V. A. Narasimhan, William J. Grenney, L. Douglas James Jan 1980

Municipal Water Resources Analysis For Area Potentially Impacted By Mx Missile Complex In Utah, Trevor C. Hughes, V. A. Narasimhan, William J. Grenney, L. Douglas James

Reports

Scope of Report: This report analyzes the impact of the proposed MX Missile complex upon existing municipal water supply and waste treatment systems serving selected communitites either near the perimeter or within the Utah portion of the proposed MX complex boundary. As can be seen from the location map in Figure 1, possible sites for elements within the total MX missile complex have been identified in 14 Utah desert valleys in the five counties, from north to south, of Tooele, Juab, Millard, Beaver, and Iron. The 60,000 people, who live in these counties according to the 1975 census, are largely …

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A Framework For Risk Analysis Of Earth Dams, Jon C. Howell, Loren R. Anderson, David S. Bowles, Ronald V. Canfield Jan 1980

A Framework For Risk Analysis Of Earth Dams, Jon C. Howell, Loren R. Anderson, David S. Bowles, Ronald V. Canfield

Reports

This purpose of this thesis is to present in a logical and straightforward manner, the types of probabilistic, deterministic and judgment methods which should be part f a risk analysis process for earth dam planning, design, construction and operation. In doing this, an attempt was made to include all of the elements (components of the risk analysis procedure defined herein) which were considered to be important. Descriptions of these elements as well as how they are used to estimate probabilities for the occurrence of each of three failure conditions (i.e. no failure, partial failure, complete failure) are also presented. Explanations …

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Management Of The Hydrologic System In Areas Subject To Coal Mining Activities, Rollin H. Hotchkiss, Eugene K. Israelsen, J. Paul Riley Jan 1980

Management Of The Hydrologic System In Areas Subject To Coal Mining Activities, Rollin H. Hotchkiss, Eugene K. Israelsen, J. Paul Riley

Reports

Publicity given to the detrimental effects of mining activities on the environment has tended to overshadow somewhat the hydrologic opportunities and benfits that could be associated with these activities. For example, many areas disturbed by surface mining have proved to be excellent recharge areas for groundwater aquifers. The degree to which mine sites can be exploited to improve management of the hydrologic system depends on both the local geology and the mining techniques used. The report examines the effects of present mining activities on the associated hydrology system, and identifies specific mining procedures and management techniques which not only minimize …

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A Preliminary Study On Expanding And Financing State Water Development, Daniel H. Hoggan, Kirk R. Kimball, Jay M. Bagley Jan 1980

A Preliminary Study On Expanding And Financing State Water Development, Daniel H. Hoggan, Kirk R. Kimball, Jay M. Bagley

Reports

The effects of recent energy price increases, domestic inflation rates, financial market fluctuations, and changing public attitudes toward federally sponsored water resource development and management have brought economic and financial consideratiosn to the forefront of Western water management issues. Recently enacted federal policies place increased responsibility on the states and localities for the development and management of their water resources. A response common to many of the western states has been to stengthen traditional, and often small, water financing and development programs. In creating and sustaining such a posture, however, state governments must address the important questions pertaining to the …

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Preliminary Study Of The Northern Utah Hail Suppression Project, Geoffrey E. Hill Jan 1980

Preliminary Study Of The Northern Utah Hail Suppression Project, Geoffrey E. Hill

Reports

This study represents an examination of the possibilities for evaluating the northern Utah summertime rain-enhancement hail-suppression project. This study is

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Management Of Rural Domestic Water Systems In Utah, Trevor C. Hughes Jan 1980

Management Of Rural Domestic Water Systems In Utah, Trevor C. Hughes

Reports

Introduction: There are now more than 400 community type public drinking water systems in Utah. Considerable state and federal assistance is available for construction or renovation of such systems, but once the system is constructed and the consulting engineer leaves, the managers of the smaller systems find themselves quite isolated from sources of professional assistance. The larger systems have a revenue base which can provide ongoing services of a consultant or salaried engineer and well trained operators. The smaller systems, particularly low density rural systems where the length of pipeline per user is very high, usually find themselves barely able …

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Research On Increased Winter Orographic Precipitation By Cloud Seeding (Fy 1980), Geoffrey E. Hill Jan 1980

Research On Increased Winter Orographic Precipitation By Cloud Seeding (Fy 1980), Geoffrey E. Hill

Reports

This research continues the development of new instrumentation relevant to the advancement of cloud seeding technology and the analysis of data collected to better understand cloud seeding potential in winter orographic clouds. Instrumentation development included the state of construction of a NOAA type dual frequency radiometer for the continuous measurement of supercooled liquid water and the completion of an expendable balloon-borne system for measuring vertical profiles of supercooled liquid water. The analysis of data collected on the project was directed primarily at the interpretation of the vertical profiles of supercooled liquid water and vertical motion. Results indicate that sharp vertical …

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Principles Of Lake Quality Management, D. B. Porcella Jan 1980

Principles Of Lake Quality Management, D. B. Porcella

Reports

No abstract provided.

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Development Of Procedures To Evaluate Salinity Management Strategies In Irrigation Return Flows, V. A. Narasimhan, A. Leon Huber, J. Paul Riley, J. J. Jurinak Jan 1980

Development Of Procedures To Evaluate Salinity Management Strategies In Irrigation Return Flows, V. A. Narasimhan, A. Leon Huber, J. Paul Riley, J. J. Jurinak

Reports

The salinity added irrigation return flows is a major problem in rivers draining agricultural lands throughout the arid regions of the world, and many irrigation water management alternatives have been proposed for reducing downstream salinity problems. The merits of these alternatives, however, can only be judged from reliable information on their actual effects on the salinity in rivers receiving the drainage water and the water withdrawn from the river by downstream users. Hydrosalinity models are widely used to estimate these effects to guide the selection of a policy on management of irrigation return flows. The purpose of this research was …

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Influence Of Unsaturated Hydraulic Properties On Infiltration From Circular Surface Areas, Abdolhossien Nassehzadeh-Tabrizi, Roland W. Jeppson Jan 1980

Influence Of Unsaturated Hydraulic Properties On Infiltration From Circular Surface Areas, Abdolhossien Nassehzadeh-Tabrizi, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

The effects and interactive effects on infiltration of parameters in the Brooks-Corey equation for defining the hydraulic properties of unsaturated soils are investigated by analyzing the results of numerical solutions of the unsaturated flow characteristics resulting from water applied on a circular surface area. The soil parameters are allowed to vary continuously as a function of depth. The parameters that have been allowed to vary separately and in pairs are: (1) The pore size distribution exponent, (2) Pb- The bubbling pressure, (3) Sr- The residual saturation, (4) n- The soil porosity and (5) Ko- The saturated hydraulic conductivity. The conclusions …

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Alteration Of Microbial Populations In Surface Mine Revegetation And Their Effects On Nitrogen Cycling, Margaret Mary Mccarthy Jan 1980

Alteration Of Microbial Populations In Surface Mine Revegetation And Their Effects On Nitrogen Cycling, Margaret Mary Mccarthy

Reports

Surface mining in the arid west results in soil disruption by alterning structure, water-holding capacity and nutrient availability. Intensive revegetation efforts may end in marginal rehabilitation due to adverse chamical and physical properties of the distrubed soil. Monitoring microbial activitiy and soil chemistry of revegetated and undisturbed areas of a surface mine in Southeastern Montana enabled delineation of major factors participating in soil fertility were determined. In the undisturbed site, the upper few centimeters of the soil profile contained most of the nutrients and the microbial populations. In the revegetated sites, due to mixing of various soil horizons, the concentration …

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Water Demand At Recreation Developments, Simon Lam, Trevor C. Hughes Jan 1980

Water Demand At Recreation Developments, Simon Lam, Trevor C. Hughes

Reports

Design criteria for drinking water systems at recreation developments, particularly summer home type, cause frequent confrontations with regulatory agencies. Developers claim extremely low water use rates due to low occupancy rates, but regulatory agencies are concerned about changes over time from essentially weekend use to more permanent residency and also about occasional peak day water demands similar to those of municipal systems. Little empirical data have been available to resolve such questions. This study included the gathering and analysis of both historic water use measurements and additional daily and instantaneous measurements during peak seasons at 11 Utah and one Wyoming …

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Groundwater Heat Pump Equipment Selection Procedures For Architects, Designers, And Contractors, Calvin G. Clyde, Edward W. Vendell, Kirk D. Hagen Jan 1980

Groundwater Heat Pump Equipment Selection Procedures For Architects, Designers, And Contractors, Calvin G. Clyde, Edward W. Vendell, Kirk D. Hagen

Reports

Engineers at the Utah Water Research Laboratory and the Mechanical Engineering Department at Utah State University have investigated the use of groundwater heat pumps for residential space heating and cooling in the Utah climate. They have found that this type of system conserves energy and may cost less for Utah home owners to operate than many conventional heating and cooling systems. Since the use of groundwater heat pumps will probably become more widespread in the near future, building and heating contractors should become more informed about what a groundwater heat pump is and how it works. The purpse of this …

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