Digital Commons Network^™

Biology Of Nematodes In Desert Ecosystems, D. W. Freckman, R. Mankau, S. A. Sher

Progress reports

No abstract provided.

Self-Sustaining Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri) Population In Mcconaughy Reservoir, Nebraska, Rodney C. Van Velson

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Staff Research Publications

A self-sustaining rainbow trout population has developed in the North Platte River drainage. This population inhabits McConaughy Reservoir and reproduces successfully in tributary streams of the North Platte River located approximately 11.3 to 145 km above the reservoir. Fall and spring spawning populations migrate from the reservoir.

Scale analysis indicated 92% of the juveniles had spent 1 yr and 8% had spent 2 yr in the stream before the spring migration to the reservoir as 175-250 mm smolts. In the 1965-1969 spawning populations 1.3 life history categories were present. The spawning runs were composed of 76% maiden spawners, 22% second-year …

The Environment For Women Working On Environmental Problems, Jeanne Clare Ridley, Adele H. Goss, Jeanna Randall, Jane Westenberger

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

No abstract provided.

Blood And Tissue Identification Of Selected Birds And Mammals, Part 5, David W. Oates, Craig W. Brown, Debra L. Weigel

Other Publications in Wildlife Management

Part 5—Appendix (pages A1–A13)
ELECTROPHORESIS TECHNIQUES
U.S. SURVEY RESULTS--The discussion, advantages, and disadvantages are the views of the province or state under which they appear. Information was obtained from questionnaires sent to the individual states on August 3, 1973. The following is a summary of the responses to this questionnaire and does not take into consideration any progress achieved since then.
Canadian Survey Results-- The following information concerning the Canadian provinces was supplied by Stan Webb o f Alberta for the Alberta Fish and Wildlife Division, Department of Lands and Forests in Edmonton. Mr. Webb prepared a survey in the …

Blood And Tissue Identification Of Selected Birds And Mammals, Part 1, David W. Oates, Craig W. Brown, Debra L. Weigel

Other Publications in Wildlife Management

Identification of blood and tissue samples for law enforcement purposes was initiated in 1968 by Carl Wolfe, Senior Biologist, Research Division, Nebraska Game and Parks Commission. At that time and up to the present, a great deal of assistance, time and advice has been received from Carl R. Jolliff, Director of the Clinical Laboratory of Lincoln; Dr. Connell L. Marsh, Professor of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, and Dr. Leonard W. Staudinger, Chairman of Biology Department, Nebraska Wesleyan University. Grateful appreciation is extended to Dr. Stan Cassel DVM and all Game Commission personnel of Nebraska and South Dakota who aided in …

Conservation Of The National Estate, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

In 1973 the Australian Government established a Committee of Inquiry under Mr. Justice R. M. Hope to inquire into the National Estate. Under its terms of reference the Committee was to assess the nature and condition of the National Estate and the measures which were being and should be taken for its preservation and enhancement.

Officers of the Department of Agriculture recognise that there are basic natural resources such as land, water, gene material and ecosystems which are essential elements of the National Estate held in trust by successive generations.

In a submission to the Inquiry, matters of particular concern …

Pheasant Reproduction And Survival As Related To Agricultural Fertilizer Use, Lawrence Francis Fredrickson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Wing-clipped wild pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) were stocked in 1-acre and 0.5-acre pens having oat and bromegrass cover in 1972 and 1973 to test effects of fertilizer (Formulations: 34-0-0, 18-46-0, 0-46- 0, and 0-0-60) on pheasant reproduction and survival. One-half of the pens were fertilized with the recommended rate of pelleted fertilizer and the other half without fertilizer. Complete nest searches in July showed that nesting success was not significantly different (P>0.05) between treatments for both years. No significant difference (P>0.05) was found in clutch size or in number of ovulated follicles from control and experimental hens. Significantly more …

Feeding Of Hatchery-Reared Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta L.) In Relation To The Diet In A South Dakota Stream, Richard W. Mccoy

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

One thousand five hundred catchable brown trout (17-26 cm) were stocked into the South Fork of the Yellowbank River May 17, 1973. Samples were taken one month apart from May 22, 1973, through October 29, 1973. Fifteen-minute drift samples were collected every hour for 24 hours and trout were captured every 4 hours. Trout captured ruing the study varied in condition ® from 1.34 to 2.55. Condition progressively decreased through August, rose in September, and decreased again by the October sample. The average weight of brown trout increased through the September sample and decreased in October. Two peaks in number …

Studies Of The White Pelican In South Dakota: Reproductive Biology Of Wild Populations And Effects Of Polychlorinated Biphenyls And Ddt On The Behavior Of Penned Birds, Vernon Pat Mccrow

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The learning behavior of penned white pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) was studies 2 August to 5 October 1972 using a swimming pool – Y-maze apparatus in an operant conditioning experiment. The experiment consisted of three consecutive phases: trial-and-error learning, extinction, and relearning. Three groups of nine pelicans each were studied: a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCE) treated group, a DDT, DDD, DDE treated group, and a Control group. The object of this study was to determine the effect of PCB and DDT, DDD, DDE on the learning ability of penned white pelicans. Control, PCB, and DDT groups of penned white pelicans learned to …

Habitat Preferences And Food Habits Of Striped Skunks In Eastern South Dakota, Melvin S. Moe

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Habitat preferences of striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) in Brookings County, South Dakota, were determined rom the relationship of nighttime roadside indices to 25 habitat variables of 277, 1-square mile plots. Winter tracking was also conducted. Skunks were collected on the study area in 1972-1972, and contents of 59 stomachs and 63 colons were studied to determine food habits. Indices of prey abundance in different habitat types were obtained from snap-trap surveys. The 25 variables accounted for 14.9 percent of the variation in skunk numbers. The relationships of three of these variables to skunk numbers were significant (P<0.05). The significant variables and the variation accounted for by each were: (a) number of areas of idle grassland, 6.3 percent; (b) number of rockplies, 1.5 percent; and (c) acreage of idle grassland, 1.3 percent. Idle grasslands were the main activity centers of skunks tracked during the winter. Food habits were analyzed for the periods March-April, May-June, July-August, and September-November. Insects were the most frequently found food item in al time periods except March-April, during which mammals occurred more frequently. Mammals made up the largest volume of food in March-April and May-June. Amphibians made up the greatest volume in July-August, while amphibians, mammals, and insects were found in nearly equal volumes in September-November. Bird remains occurred during all time periods. Eggs were found in May-June and July-August. Meadow voles (Microtus spp.), the most frequent mammalian food item during all time periods, were common only in habitat types having heavy residual cover. Idle grassland is an important nestling cover for gamebirds and waterfowl. Since the number of areas of this cover type apparently has a stronger relationship with skunk numbers than its total acreage, grassland nesting cover might best be managed in large, homogeneous blocks. Areas managed in this way would probably support lower skunk densities than more diverse areas containing equal acreages of idle grassland, thus reducing nest predation by skunks. Skunk control programs should be most efficient when centered around idle grassland and rockplies.

Influence Of Vegetation On The Distribution Of Small Mammals On A Waterfowl Production Area, Douglas A. Searls

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

. A study was conducted on a Waterfowl Production Area in Brookings County, South Dakota in 1972-73 to determine the distribution and abundance of small mammals. Three cover types, reseeded native grassed, brome-alfalfa, and bluegrass, were studied. Meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanious), and deer mice (Peronyscus maniculatus) were captured most frequently. Jumping ice (Zapus hudsonius), masked shrews (Sorex cinerius), short tailed shrews (Blarins brevicauda), grasshopper mice (Omychomys leucogaster) and house mice (Mis musculus) were also taken. The bluegrass association had the highest number of small mammal captures and the reseeded native grass association has the least. There was no significant difference …

Rate Of Growth As A Method Of Assessing Water Quality, George L. Johnston

Masters Theses

A study of the Embarras River basin was conducted to determine if rate of growth could be used as an indicator of water quality. Six species of sucker were collected from five locations using hand seines and electrofishing gear from December 1970 to December 1971. Tests of eighteen water quality parameters were conducted from November 1970 to November 1971.

The fish were measured and scale samples taken. The rate of growth of the fish taken at the five stations was analyzed and compared using the single classification analysis of variance. Condition factors were also compared.

Although there was some difference …

Evaluation Of Duck Production On Waterfowl Production Areas In Northeast North Dakota, Gerald L. Heismeyer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

An investigation of duck production on six Waterfowl Production Areas (WPA’s) in northeastern North Dakota was conducted during 1970-73. This investigation was conducted in conjunction with habitat-manipulation study by the Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center that entailed prescribed burning of three WPA’s. Wetland habitat conditions, breeding populations and nesting were evaluated all four years. Brood observations were made during the last three years and nesting cover was evaluated during the last two years of investigation. Wetland habitat conditions were generally favorable during the first three years of investigation but in 1973 wetland conditions were extremely poor due to low precipitation …

Effects Of Temperature On The Toxicity Of Oil Refinery Waste, Sodium Chlorate, And Treated Sewage To Fathead Minnows, Curt C. Shifrer, E. Joe Middlebrooks, Donald B. Porcella, William F. Sigler

Reports

A literature review and experiments were conducted to determine the effects of temperature on the toxicity of three materials to fish (fathead minnows,

A Continuous Flow Kinetic Model To Predict The Effects Of Temperature On The Toxicity Of Waste To Algae, James H. Reynolds, Joe E. Middlebrooks, Donald B. Porcella, William J. Grenney

Reports

A continuous flow kinetic model to describe and predict the effects of temperature on the toxicity of a specific oil refinery waste to the green alga,

Water Resources Planning, Social Goals, And Indicators: Methodological Development And Empirical Test, Henry P. Caulfield

Reports

A methodology for comprehensive evaluation of water resources development and use (Techcom) has been developed and partially field tested. A model of societal goals consists of nine primary goals successively articualted into increasingly specific subgoals. Achievement of subgoals is perceived as affected by measurable social indicators whose values are perturbed by water resources actions. Linking the elements of the goals taxon by connectives result in an evaluation system. historical, political and philosophical considerations of the proposed system are discussed in Part I. Part II describes the results of the Rio Grande of New Mexico test including public perception and weighting …

An Analysis Of Water Research Programs Of The Utah Water Research Laboratory And Center For Water Resources Research, Water Resources Research Citizen Advisory Panel

Reports

Foreward: As a means of keeping water research programs at Utah State University responsive to needs in terms of both timeliness and emphasis, President Glen L. Taggart, in 1970, requested a number of Utah citizens to serve as a panel to give counsel and advice to the Utah Water Research Laboratory and Center for Water Resources Research. Membership of this 16-member panel represents a broad spectrum of water-related experience gained from a variety of professional backgrounds and organizational affiliations. The objective was to keep the panel small enough for it to be a "working" group but large enough to obtain …

Review Paper: Evaluation Of Techniques For Algae Removal From Wastewater Stabilization Ponds, E. Joe Middlebrooks, Donald B. Porcella, Robert A. Gearheart, Gary R. Marshall, James H. Reynolds, William J. Grenney

Reports

Introduction: Approximately 90 percent of the wastewater lagoons in the United States are located in small communities of 5,000 people or less. These communities, many with an average daily wastewater flow of only 175,000 - 200,000 gallons, do not have the resources to keep man at the lagoon sites throughout the day (38). A high degree of technical knowhow is usually lacking in these communities. Often only periodic inspection or maintenance is carried out by the general municipal work force. Therefore, the development of a relatively inexpensive method that does not require sophisticated and constant operation or extensive maintenance is …

Planning For Water Quality In The Virgin River System In The State Of Utah, Utah Water Research Laboratory

Reports

No abstract provided.

Planning For Water Quality In The Bear River System In The State Of Utah, Utah Water Research Laboratory

Reports

No abstract provided.

Planning For Water Quality In The Sevier River System In The State Of Utah

Reports

No abstract provided.

Intermittent Sand Filtration To Upgrade Existing Wastewater Treatment Facilities, Gary R. Marshall, E. Joe Middlebrooks

Reports

No abstract provided.

Component Description Of Sediment-Water Microcosms, James Hill Iv

Reports

The development and application of complementary variables (potential and flux) for modeling environmental systems are illustrated for the hydraulic and dissolved oxygen subsystems of laboratory microcosms. These sediment-water, semi-continuous flow microcosms were used to determine nutrient interchange and mercury interactions under lighted (aerobic) and dark (anaerobic) conditions. The approach of using complementary variables to describe such systems forces a more complete conceptual understanding of the system and better attention to those parameters (many of which are unknown) requiring measurement. Complementary variables are incorporated into basic linear component equations which describe basic processes of energy transfer and transformation. The components are …

Upgrading Wastewater Stabilization Ponds To Meet New Discharge Standards, Donna H. Falkdenborg, Ronald F. Lewis, Donald J. Ehreth

Reports

No abstract provided.

Evaluating Water Reuse Alternatives In Water Resources Planning, A. Bruce Bishop, William J. Grenney, Rengasan Narayanan, Stanley L. Klemetson

Reports

Water reuse is a recognized option for augmenting water supplies to provide for expanded water needs. A methodology is developed for examining optimal strategies for water reuse within the context of the total water resources system, including both the provision of water supplies for various uses and management of wastewaters. A model of the water resources system is formulated as a “transportation “ or “transshipment” problem in linear programming depicting the possible sources of supply, including effluent sources available for reuse, which can be used to satisfy the requirements of various water users. The optimizing objective in the model is …

Effect Of Temperature On Algal Removal By Alum Coagulation, Muhammad Anis H. Al-Layla, E. Joe Middlebrooks, Donald B. Porcella

Reports

Questions about the effect of temperature on algal cell coagulation and the relationships between algae removal and temperature, alum dosage, paddle speed, flocculation time, and settling time are answered. The investigations consisted of two series of tests: Studies on algae cultured under laboratory control, and algae in wastewater stabilization ponds. The jar-test technique was used for the coagulation of algal suspensions by alum. Coagulation of algae is caused mainly by the insoluble flocs of aluminum hydroxide. Other aluminum species also have coagulative properties but are far less effective. The destabilization of algal colloids results from enmeshment within the hydroxide precipitates, …

Water Resources News, Volume 6, No. 1, January 1974

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
1974 Summer Institute
Water Resources Seminar Series
Energy Conference Proceedings Available
Feedlots Pollute Western Water
Geothermal Energy Dangerous
Water Funds on Ice
Insurance Sales Up But Not Final
REAP Funds May Freeze
River Moratorium Continued
Do-It-Yourself Dam Plan Approved
Environment and Energy Headed in Same Direction
Pavement with Ready-Made Holes
Research Review: Biophysical Control of Water Loss

Electromagnetic Fields In Water Treatment, Robert H. Fagan

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Properties and characteristics of colloidal systems are reviewed with a discussion of colloid systems to be found in natural and wastewaters. Current electric and magnetic field theory are reviewed and summarized to provide practical application of the theory to engineering problems in the environmental field. Literature of colloidal reactions to electrical and magnetic fields is discussed and reviewed to ascertain areas of potential application of electric and magnetic phenomena to natural and wastewater treatment systems having objectionable colloid suspensions. It is concluded that application of electrical fields (electrophoresis) does not currently hold much promise for practical applications in water treatment …

Toward The Future Forest: Applying Physiology And Genetics To The Domestication Of Trees, J.H Rediske, F. Thomas Ledig, Peter S. Carlson, Thomas B. Rice, Richard P. Pharis

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

No abstract provided.

Phytoplankton Distribution And Water Quality Indices For Lake Mead (Colorado River), Robert D. Staker, Robert W. Hoshaw, Lorne G. Everett

Publications (WR)

Phytoplankton samples were collected in Lake Mend 6 times from September 1910 to June 1971 for 8 stations at depths of 0. 3, 5, 10, 20, and 30 m. These samples were processed through a Millipore filter apparatus and 79 planktonic algae were identified. Algal divisions represented were Bacillariophyta, 42 species; Chlorophyta, 18 ; Cyanophyta, 9; Chrysophyta, 3; Cryptophyta, 3; Pyrrophyta, 2; and Euglenophyta, 2. Blue-green algae were dominant in late summer and fall; green algae, diatoms, and, cryptomonads in winter; and green algae in spring. The early summer flora was best represented by the Chlorophyta, Cryptophyta, and Chrysophyta. Palmer's …