Digital Commons Network^™

Ancient Maize From Chacoan Great Houses: Where Was It Grown?, Larry Benson, Linda Cordell, Kirk Vincent, Howard E. Taylor, John Stein, G. Lang Farmer, U.S. Geological Survey

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

In this article, we compare chemical (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr and elemental) analyses of archaeological maize from dated contexts within Pueblo Bonito, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, to potential agricultural sites on the periphery of the San Juan Basin. The oldest maize analyzed from Pueblo Bonito probably was grown in an area located 80 km to the west at the base of the Chuska Mountains. The youngest maize came from the San Juan or Animas river floodplains 90 km to the north. This article demonstrates that maize, a dietary staple of southwestern Native Americans, was transported over considerable distances in …

Immobilization Of Fission Iodine By Reaction With A Fullerene Containing Carbon Compound And Insoluble Natural Organic Matrix, Spencer M. Steinberg, David W. Emerson, Gary Cerefice

Separations Campaign (TRP)

The recovery of iodine released during the processing of used nuclear fuel poses a significant challenge to the transmutation of radioactive iodine. During the first year of this program we have examined the potential of Fullerene Containing Carbon compounds (FCC) developed by KRI, and natural organic matter (NOM) as sorbents for iodine released during the reprocessing of nuclear fuel. This work involved the development of bench-scale testing of the FCC and NOM material in a simulated process off-gas environment.

During the first two quarters of this program we explored various analytical methods available for measurement of iodine, iodide, and iodate. …

Using Fecal Glucocorticoids For Stress Assessment In Mourning Doves, Brian E. Washburn, Joshua J. Millspaugh, John H. Schulz, Susan B. Jones, Tony Mong

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Fecal glucocorticoid assays provide a potentially useful, noninvasive means to study physiological responses of wildlife to various stressors. The objective of our study was to validate a method for measuring glucocorticoid metabolites in Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura) feces. We validated the assay using standard procedures (e.g., parallelism, recovery of exogenous corticosterone) to demonstrate that the assay accurately and precisely measured glucocorticoid metabolites in Mourning Dove fecal extracts. We conducted adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) challenge experiments to validate the assay’s ability to determine biologically important changes in fecal glucocorticoids. Fecal glucocorticoid levels increased significantly approximately 2–3 hr after administration of ACTH …

Spring Distribution Of Ring-Necked Pheasants (Phasianus Colchicus) Following Cattail Reduction With Glyphosate Herbicide, H.J. Homan, G. M. Linz, R.C. Carlson, W.J. Bleier

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

To reduce blackbird (Icteridae) damage to field crops in the north-central United States. dense stands of cattail (Typha spp. ) are thinned with glyphosate herbicide. The stands become unusable as roosting and loafing sites, which helps to protect susceptible crops nearby, particularly sunflower (Helianthus annus). Landscape-level impacts of cattail management on non-target avian species have not been studied. We measured use of upland breeding territories by male ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchieus) following cattail reduction in wetlands used by pheasants for overwintering. In August 1992, glyphosate was applied to all wetlands with ≥70% cattail coverage in …

Evaluation Of An Animal-Activated Scarecrow And A Monofilament Fence For Reducing Deer Use Of Soybean Fields, Jeff Beringer, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Joshua J. Millspaugh

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We measured the efficacy of an animal-activated scarecrow (AAS) and a 5-strand monofilament fence (MF) at reducing white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) use of 0.4-ha soybean plots in Missouri, USA. Our study design consisted of 9 soybean plots; 3 served as controls, 3 were surrounded by an MF, and 3 were surrounded by an AAS. Data collected for each protected plot included soybean height and weight taken from within and immediately adjacent to 10 unprotected, equally spaced 1 -m² exclosures. A measure of deer use for each plot was collected with video cameras. A mixed-effects analysis of variance …

Tight Coupling Between Soil Moisture And The Surface Radiation Budget In Semiarid Environments: Implications For Landatmosphere Interactions, Eric E. Small, Shirley A. Kurc

Environmental Science and Geology Faculty Research Publications

Observations are used to examine how soil moisture influences the surface radiation budget, ground heat flux, and available energy in semiarid environments. Defining this relationship is critical to understand interactions between the land surface and the atmosphere, in particular assessing if a feedback exists between soil moisture and rainfall anomalies. We use two summers of data collected from semiarid grassland and shrubland ecosystems in central New Mexico. The response of surface radiation budget components and other variables to soil moisture variations are quantified via linear regression. Then, the variations are scaled over the observed range of soil moisture (15% volumetric …

Stability In The Proportion Of Harbor Seals Hauled Out Under Locally Ideal Conditions, Michael Simpkins, David Withrow, Jack Cesarone, Peter Boveng

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

We monitored the haul-out behavior of 68 radio-tagged harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) during the molt season at two Alaskan haul-out sites (Grand Island, August-September 1994; Nanvak Bay, August-September 2000). For each site, we created a statistical model of the proportion of seals hauled out as a function of date, time of day, tide, and weather covariates. Using these models, we identified the conditions that would result in the greatest proportion of seals hauled out. Although those “ideal conditions” differed between sites, the proportion of seals predicted to be hauled out under those conditions was very similar (81.3% for …

Inventory Of The Land Conservation Values Of The Houtman Abrolhos Islands., Department Of Fisheries. Western Australia

Fisheries Management Papers

There is growing pressure for increased development on the Houtman Abrolhos Islands (Abrolhos Islands). Much work on the natural, historical and cultural values of the islands has been undertaken. This document is a review of this work, which provides an overview of the conservation values of the islands, and should prove useful in considering the selection, design and evaluation of proposed developments at the Abrolhos Islands. Based on existing information, the purpose of the Review of the Land Conservation Values of the Houtman Abrolhos Islands is to: • identify and map areas of conservation value (natural, historical and cultural); and …

Moore River : Catchment Appraisal 2003, A Alderman, M Clarke, Natural Heritage Trust (Australia), Moore River Catchment Support Team (Wa)

Resource management technical reports

Using the Rapid Catchment Appraisal process, this report summarises current information for the Moore River catchment, Western Australia. The headwaters of the Moore River commence in Perenjori, Carnamah and Dalwallinu shires and drain southwards through Moora.

Ua3/9/5 Speech To The Kentucky/Tennessee Section Of The American Water Works Association, Wku President's Office

WKU Administration Documents

Speech delivered by WKU president Gary Ransdell regarding the WKU Center for Water Resource Studies, WKU's Technical Assistance Center for Wastewater and the Circuit Rider Program.

Water Current, Volume 35, No. 4, Fall 2003

Water Current Newsletter

Contents

• UNL Scientists Earn $1.8 Million NSF Grant to Study Sandhills Ecosystem

• Finding Solutions to Water conflicts Subject of UNL Conference by Steve Ress

• From the Director

• Meet the Faculty

• Research Probes Land Use Impact on Stream Health by Steve Ress

• SNR Researcher Examines Predators’ Impact on Nesting Songbirds by Steve Ress

• Summer Water and Natural Resources Tour Explores Republican River Basin

• Water News Briefs

The Fourth Tampa Bay Area Scientific Information Symposium Basis 4, S. F. Treat

Reports

We have observed large fluctuations in Tampa Bay fish populations over the last decade, and these changes may be associated with the environment, management practices, or other factors. Staff of the Florida Fish and Wildlife and Conservation Commission’s Fish and Wildlife Research Institute began developing the Fisheries-Independent Monitoring (FIM) program in 1988 and have monitored fish populations in Tampa Bay continuously since 1989. Various types of sampling gear have been utilized during the history of FIM, but 21.3-m bag seines have been used since the beginning of the program. This small seine is effective at capturing juveniles of many economically …

Data Summary From The Tampa Bay Interagency Seagrass Monitoring Program Through The Year 2002, Walt Avery, Roger Johansson

Reports

Results regarding seagrass species abundance, distribution, and zonation over time are presented for the 1997-2002 period in Hillsborough Bay (HB, Figures 15-26) and the 1998-2002 period for Old Tampa Bay (OTB, Figures 3-14), Middle Tampa Bay (MTB, Figures 28-40), Lower Tampa Bay, including Terra Ceia Bay (LTB, Figures 42-56), and Boca Ciega Bay (BCB, Figures 58-68). For each transect, results are presented in a graphic format illustrating annual species composition, abundance, and distribution. Seagrass abundance is presented as percent coverage within a square meter using the Braun Blanquet coverage class system.

A Novel Behavior Observed In Humpback Whales On Wintering Grounds At Abrolhos Bank (Brazil), Maria Morete, Ana Freitas, Marcia Engel, Richard M. Pace Iii, Phillip Clapham

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

We describe a novel behavior, termed “tail-up,” observed in humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) on wintering grounds on Abrolhos Bank, Brazil. The behavior involves the whale positioned vertically in the water column with its tail in the air. Wirh the exception of calves, tail-up was observed in all social classes, and its frequency increased through the end of the season. Tail-ups were recorded in 144 (5.8%) of 2,465 groups of whales observed from a shore station, and in 297 (14.9%) of 1,996 groups observed from vessel surveys; biases in each method suggest that the true frequency lies between these …

Annual Report To The Pastoral Lands Board Of Western Australia: 2002 / 2003 Financial Year, Rod Williams, Sandra Van Vreeswyk, Philip Thomas

Natural resources published reports

The Department of Agriculture has prepared this Annual Report for the Pastoral Lands Board of Western Australia for the financial year 2002 – 2003. The report details trends in a number of indicators of importance to Western Australia’s rangelands.

The Department of Agriculture’s activities to the Board are outlined and environmental indicators are presented at the regional and property scales. New methodologies of pastoral lease inspections incorporating a categorisation model are also introduced. The integrated assessment processes incorporating rangeland resource and condition surveys, pastoral lease inspection processes, and WARMS provides land users with a sound information base from which informed …

Integrated Weed Management Plan For The Lower Las Vegas Wash, Elizabeth Bickmore

Publications (WR)

The Las Vegas Wash (Wash) is the primary drainage for the metropolitan Las Vegas Valley, eventually finding its way into the Colorado River watershed system. Pursuant to the recommendations of the Water Quality Citizens Advisory Committee, the Las Vegas Wash Coordination Committee (LVWCC) was formed in 1998 to develop a comprehensive plan for the long-term stabilization and management of the Wash. Consisting of representatives from 28 government agencies, businesses, environmental groups and citizens, the LVWCC formulated the Las Vegas Wash Comprehensive Adaptive Management Plan (CAMP) and designated the Southern Nevada Water Authority (SNWA) as the lead agency for the implementation …

Use Of Frightening Devices In Wildlife Damage Management, Jason M. Gilsdorf, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Kurt C. Vercauteren

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Wildlife is often responsible for causing extensive damage to personal property, human health and safety concerns, and other nuisance problems because of their feeding, roosting, breeding, and loafing habits. Frightening devices are tools used in integrated wildlife damage management to reduce the impacts of animals, but the effectiveness of such devices is often variable. An animal’s visual and auditory capabilities affect how the animal will respond to a stimulus. Frightening devices include pyrotechnics, gas exploders, effigies, lights, lasers, reflective objects, guard animals, bioacoustics, and ultrasonic devices. We examined scientific literature on the use of frightening devices to reduce bird and …

Illinois River 2002 Pollutant Loads At Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge, Marc A. Nelson, Wade Cash

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Automatic water samplers and a U. S. Geological Survey gauging station were established in 1995 on the main stem of the Illinois River at the Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge. Since that time, continuous stage and discharge measurements and water quality sampling have been used to determine pollutant concentrations and loads in the Arkansas portion of the Illinois River. This report represents the results from the measurement and sampling by the Arkansas Water Resources Center -Water Quality Lab for January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2002.

Csrees School Of Natural Resources Comprehensive Five-Year Review

School of Natural Resources: Documents and Reviews

No abstract provided.

The Probe, Issue 230 – September/October 2003

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

• Message From Outgoing President -- Mike Conover
• Message From Incoming President -- Art Smith
• Were the mythical vampires of Europe named after vampire bats?
• NADCA 2004 Election Results
• Human-Wildlife Conflicts in Mexico -- Andrea Thurlow, Berryman Institute, Utah State University
• A newly patented process could soon solve the problem of disposing of animal carcasses by turning them into a dust like material. Alberta's Biosphere Technologies received international patents for its BioRefinex process that breaks down organic material using water, high temperature and pressure.
• University of California's Hopland Research and Extension Center produced 1,220 …

Blackbird And Starling Strikes To Civil Aircraft In The United States, 1990-2001, Scott C. Barras, Sandra E. Wright, Thomas E. Seamans

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Bird-aircraft collisions (bird strikes) pose hazards to aircraft and cost civil aviation hundreds of millions of dollars in repairs and logistical expenses annually in the United States. Blackbirds and starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) in particular have caused some of the most devastating aircraft accidents related to bird strikes in the United States and Europe. To determine the impacts of blackbirds and starlings to aviation in the United State, we searched the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) National Wildlife Strike Database for all reported strikes involving these species. During 1990-2001, 1,704 strikes involving blackbirds and starlings were reported to the FAA …

The Role Of Research In Expanded Regional Management Of Double-Crested Cormorants, Scott C. Barras, Mark E. Tobin

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The number of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) breeding in the Great Lakes states and provinces has increased during recent decades. Their abundance and foraging habits have thrust this species into conflict with the aquaculture industry and fisheries interests. The U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service proposed a change in the management of double-crested cormorants recently to alleviate these conflicts, especially with aquaculture, natural resources, and federal fish hatcheries. Research activities should be an integral component of these expanded efforts to manage cormorants, including further investigations on cormorant impacts to the aquaculture industry and evaluations of the added benefits …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 35, No.3 September 2003

The Prairie Naturalist

BROWN-HEADED COWBIRDS IN GRASSLANDS: THEIR HABITATS, HOSTS, AND RESPONSE TO MANAGEMENT ▪ J. A. Shaffer, C. M. Goldade, M. F. Dinkins, D. H. Johnson, L. D. Igl, and B. R. Euliss

LlGUMIA SUBROSTRATA (BIVALVIA: UNIONIDAE) IN MINNESOTA AND ITS STATUS IN THE UPPER MIDWEST ▪ B. E. Sietman, D. E. Kelner, R. A. Hart, and M. Davis

GUIDELINES FOR FINDING NESTS OF PASSERINE BIRDS IN TALLGRASS PRAIRIE ▪ M. Winter, S. E. Hawks, J. A. Shaffer, and D. H. Johnson

RESPONSE OF THE LEAST SHREW TO PREY OLFACTORY CUES ▪ F. Punzo and C. Gonzalez

Book Reviews

North Dakota's Butterflies …

Kinetic And Analytical Studies On Catalytic And Noncatalytic Oxidative Degradation Of Some Hazardous Organic Dyes Using Hydrogen Peroxide, Salem Hmoud Salem Al-Ameri

Theses

Dyes have become a very important part to countless modem applications. As a result of this huge consumption of dyes in manufacturing processes, huge amounts of wastewater contaminated with dyes are released into different natural dumps like rivers and seas. These dyes contaminated wastes have dangerous impacts on the environment and toxic affects. Two problems are facing scientists concerned about this environmental task. First, dyes vary in their chemical and physical natures and different waste treatments are needed which sometime are not available. Second, getting rid of these pollutants from its sources is costly, that many manufactures can not afford. …

Morro Bay National Monitoring Program: Nonpoint Source Pollution And Treatment Measure Evaluation For The Morro Bay Watershed, Katie Mcneill, John H. Davis, Karen Worcester, Lynn E. Moody, Brian Dietterick, Jonathan Beckett, James P. Daly, Brent Hallock, Becky Judge, Robert K. Smidt, Linda S. Shotwell, Craig Stubler, Peter Meertens

Natural Resources Management and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

Selective Removal Of Nox From Catalytic Cracking Regenerator Effluent Using Wet Scrubbing With Aqueous Sodium Chlorite Solutions, Pin Gu

Dissertations

In most refineries, the flue gas from the regenerator in the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit represents a key source of NOx, SOx, particulate, and CO emissions. Wet scrubbing systems have been used with great success to control particulate and SOx emissions from typical FCC regenerator flue gas. Development of relatively inexpensive and safe additives that can be used in existing scrubbing systems to oxidize and absorb NOx is important in order to increase the industrial options to meet the provisions of the Clean Air Act and recently proposed EPA rules. This paper explores the feasibility of removing NOx from …

Through A Bird’S Eye – Exploring Avian Sensory Perception, Robert C. Beason

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 5th (2003)

For too many birds their environment includes airfields and aircraft. Knowing avian sensory abilities, researchers can design experiments and develop new devices and techniques to deter birds from aircraft on and away from airfields. How birds perceive the world about them determines many choices, including foraging, predator avoidance, and flight. Most experiments to investigate the sensory abilities of birds have been developed and analyzed using only human sensory capabilities, which often differ markedly from those of birds. My objective is to review and synthesize what is known and what is unknown about avian sensory capabilities. Compared with humans, birds can …

Are Birds Scared By Rotating Mirrors?, Thomas W. Seamans, Scott C. Barras, Zachary J. Patton

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 5th (2003)

Blackbirds (Icteridae) create human health and safety concerns when roosting in large numbers near airports or other urban areas. Therefore, there is considerable demand for effective nonlethal techniques to deter these birds. We tested the effectiveness of rotating mirrors (Peaceful Pyramid®) to keep blackbirds away from decoy traps. Mirrors were in place on traps for 5 consecutive days with control traps having similar a device in place but without mirrors. The total number of birds captured in traps with clear mirrors and control traps did not (P = 0.62) differ. When red mirrors were used, the total number of birds …

Fear And Loathing: The Modulatory Effect Of Stress On Memory Formation And Its Wildlife Management Implications, Arla G. Hile

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 5th (2003)

An ongoing challenge for wildlife managers is that target species habituate to or forget about hazing, even though the animals must be somewhat stressed by the hazing. Although stress and efficient memory formation/retrieval are considered to be incompatible, research suggests that the effect of stress on memory is complex. Mild and intense stress can impair memory formation and chronic stress can disrupt memory retrieval. Intermediate stress, however, actually enhances the formation of new memories, particularly long-term memories. Unfortunately, these conclusions are based data from only a very few domesticated species under highly controlled conditions. In nature the variation in baseline …

A Model For Assessing Bird Strike Risk At Proposed New Airports, Jenny Bell, Niall H. K. Burton, Richard Walls, Andy J. Musgrove, Mark M. Rehfish, John Allan, George Wattola

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 5th (2003)

There are many criteria which need to be assessed when carrying out site selection for new airport developments. One of those which should be assessed is prospective bird hazard and bird strike risk – unfortunately, this is rarely considered as a factor. One reason for this may be the lack of available methodology for such work. This paper presents the methodology used during a recent hazard assessment for a proposed new airport for London. The methodology builds on previously described risk assessment techniques, which were developed for operational airports. It allows an assessment of the likelihood of bird strikes to …