Digital Commons Network^™

A Sweet Home No More?: The Future For Habitat Protection Under The Endangered Species Act, Federico Cheever, Murray D. Feldman, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

A Sweet Home No More?: The Future for Habitat Protection Under the Endangered Species Act (November 29)

20 pages.

Includes bibliographical references and biographical information for Federico Cheever and Murray D. Feldman.

Contents:

Babbitt v. Sweet Home Chapter of Communities for a Greater Oregon / Federico Cheever -- The Sweet Home decision and private property issues / Murray D. Feldman -- Memorandum of Agreement between the State of Colorado and the Department of the Interior concerning programs to manage Colorado's declining native species

The U.S. Supreme Court decision in Babbitt v. Sweet Home Chapter of Communities for a Great Oregon,115 S.Ct. 2407 (1995), held that the Department of the Interior reasonably construed Congress' intent when it included …

Extirpation Of A Recently Established Feral Pig Population In Kansas, Chad D. Richardson, Philip S. Gipson, David P. Jones, James C. Luchsinger

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Most feral pigs (Sus scrofa) are descendants of domestic swine that have gone wild and their reproduction is uncontrolled by man. A few populations may be descendants of European wild boar or crosses between wild boar and domestic swine. Disease control officials report that 23 states have established populations of feral pigs and the total feral pig population in the United States is probably in excess of 2 million animals. A population of feral pigs was documented in the fall of 1993 on the Fort Riley Military Installation in northeastern Kansas. Biologists from the Fort Riley Natural Resources …

The Professional Evolution Of Wildlife Damage Management, James E. Miller

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The term -- wildlife damage management, in lieu of animal damage control, vertebrate pest control, or nuisance animal control -- has become the currently recognized term for an area of wildlife management that a growing number of professionals spend a significant part of their time and/or career working in. The acceptance of this terminology is, however, a part of the continuing evolution of the profession and not simply a name change for political correctness. Admittedly, my purpose is not to validate or beg acceptance of this terminology. Rather, what I hope to do is to justify the underlying premise of …

Efficacy Of Shooting Permits For Deer Damage Abatement In Wisconsin, Rick R. Horton, Scott R. Craven

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The efficacy of out-of-season shooting permits for deer damage abatement in Wisconsin has not been critically evaluated. We used deer damage shooting permits to remove 21 antlerless deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from 7 heavily damaged alfalfa fields to evaluate subsequent impact on crop damage. Volunteer shooters, using permits issued to the landowners, hunted a minimum of 3 nights/week throughout the growth of the third alfalfa crop (Aug. 1 - late Sept.). We calculated the difference between the assessed damage to the second crop (untreated) and the third crop (treated) on treatment and control farms. We found no significant difference …

Pesticide Use By The Federal/Cooperative Animal Damage Control (Adc) Program, 1988-1991, Guy Connolly

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 7th (1995)

ADC personnel use many wildlife damage control methods including pesticide products. This paper presents a national overview of the kinds and amounts of chemical pesticides used by ADC in direct control activities during Fiscal Years (FY) 1988-1991. The pesticides used by ADC included aluminum phosphide, 4-aminopyridine, bone tar oil, brodifacoum, carbon, alpha-chloralose, cholecalciferol, DRC-1339, fenthion, glyphosate, immobilizing & euthanizing drugs, mineral oil, PA-14, phosphorus, polybutene, sodium cyanide, sodium fluoroacetate, sodium nitrate, strychnine, sulfur, and zinc phosphide. This summary shows that ADC personnel used remarkably small amounts of chemicals during FY 19881991. Overall amounts of pesticides used by ADC have changed …

Survey Of Black Bear Depredation In Agriculture In Massachusetts, Sandra A. Jonker, James A. Parkhurst

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 7th (1995)

Black bear (Ursus americanus) depredation in agriculture has become an increasing concern in Massachusetts. Complaints from apiarists, corn growers, and livestock producers have increased 167% during the period 1980 to 1990, but whether this increase truly represents more depredation, response of bears to other factors, or simply better reporting/record keeping has not been determined. The bear population in Massachusetts from 1984 to 1989 increased 50°/a to approximately 700-750 animals statewide. Subsequent estimates (1995) have placed the bear population around 1,200 animals. Concurrent encroachment of human development into prime bear habitat also increased contact between bears and humans. During …

Wildlife Damage Control In Kansas: Private Operators And Public Agencies, L. Andrew Madison, Philip S. Gipson

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 7th (1995)

The private industry in wildlife damage control is expanding into territory predominantly occupied by public agencies in the past. There is a potential for overlap and competition in services provided by the public and private sectors in Kansas. We examined wildlife damage control activity reports from the Cooperative Extension Service (CES), Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks (IDWP), and private nuisance wildlife control operators (NWCO) to determine the most common species controlled by each and their overlap in services across Kansas. The CES predominantly controlled coyotes (Canis latrans). KDWP primarily controlled beavers (Castor canadensis), deer ( …

Pesticide Use By The Federal/Cooperative Animal Damage Control (Adc) Program, 1988-1991, Gus Connolly

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

ADC personnel use many wildlife damage control methods including pesticide products. This paper presents a national overview of the kinds and amounts of chemical pesticides used by ADC in direct control activities during Fiscal Years (FY) 1988-1991. The pesticides used by ADC included aluminwn phosphide, 4-aminopyridine, bone tar oil, brodifacoum, carbon, alpha-chloralose, cholecalciferol, DRC-1339, fenthion, glyphosate, immobilizing & euthanizing drugs, mineral oil, PA-14, phosphorus, polybutene, sodium cyanide, sodium fluoroacetate, sodium nitrate, strychnine, sulfur, and zinc phosphide. This summary shows that ADC personnel used remarkably small amounts of chemicals during FY 1988- 1991. Overall amounts of pesticides used by ADC …

From Deer Problem To People Solution: A Case Study From Montgomery County, Maryland, Jonathan S. Kays, Douglas Tregoning

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Montgomery County, Maryland, a 495 square-mile area adjacent to Washington, D.C., is a rapidly developing, highly educated suburban community with one of the highest per capita incomes in the nation. There is increasing concern for the growth and impact of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations by agricultural interests, resource professionals and residential landowners. The Montgomery County Council assembled a task force of stakeholders to examine relevant information and propose deer management options. The task force report provided detailed information on the county deer situation, 11 management alternatives, and 9 final recommendations. The county parks administrator appointed a staff …

Ecology And Control Of Wildlife Damage To Electric Substations, Glenn R. Dudderar, Scott R. Winterstein, Wendy H. Sangster

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

This study addresses several aspects of the ecology and control of wildlife damage to electric substations because the amount of existing research is not sufficient to make informed decisions about how best to minimize that damage. Records of 121 incidents of animal-caused faults showed that 78% of the faults were caused by squirrels and raccoons and an average of 2,511 customers lost service during the outage caused by such a fault. Animal damage control measures were evaluated by observing challenges to control measures by raccoons and squirrels at a substation. The control measures were breached twice because they had not …

American White Pelicans: The Latest Avian Problem For Catfish Producers, D. Tommy King

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Animal Damage Control offices in Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi began receiving complaints concerning American white pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) foraging in commercial channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) ponds in 1990. Because of the relatively shallow pond depth and high fish stocking rates used by most producers, commercial catfish ponds provide a near perfect foraging environment for American white pelicans. Since 1993, pelicans seem to have become more persistent in their foraging efforts and therefore, more difficult to disperse from catfish farms. Damage abatement recommendations have consisted of harassment measures similar to those used for other piscivorous birds, issuance of …

Ecosystem Management And Wildlife Management: Compatible Or Conflicting?, David C. Guynn Jr., Greg K. Yarrow

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Examples of wildlife-human conflicts include deer-automobile collisions, disease transmission concerns, and damage to various commodities (e.g. agricultural crops, timber production). The extent of these problems is increasing at a time when American's attitudes are shifting emphasis from commodity production to concern for the environment. Ecosystem management has been proposed as a strategy to balance concerns for commodity production and the environment. Ecosystem management, unlike traditional natural resource management, will require management over large areas for long periods of time. This new philosophy of land management requires that the natural resource base be viewed in its entirety, and not as separate …

Black Bear Damage Management In Washington State, Georg J. Ziegltrum, Dale L. Nolte

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Black bears (Ursus americanus) foraging on trees can be extremely detrimental to the health and economic value of a timber stand. A supplemental feeding program to reduce bear damage is coordinated by the Washington Forest Protection Association's Animal Damage Control Program (ADCP). A brief overview of the ADCP is provided along with a description of bear damage and the supplemental feeding program. Success of the feeding program is demonstrated by an increasing participation and its general acceptance by the public. Timber producers placed over 400 thousand pounds of pellets in 700 feeding stations this past year.

Mississippi's Beaver Control Assistance Program, 1989-1994, Philip Mastrangelo

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Responding to landowner requests, the 1989 Mississippi Legislature created the Beaver Control Advisory Board and mandated it to develop a program which would ensure the control of beaver damage throughout Mississippi. The Advisory Board is comprised of the administrative heads of five state agencies: the Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks (chairperson), the Department of Transportation, the Cooperative Extension Service, the Forestry Commission, and the Department of Agriculture and Commerce. In cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Animal Damage Control (ADC) program, the Advisory Board developed the Beaver Control Assistance Program (BCAP). BCAP …

A Strategy For Integrating Principles And Concepts Of Wildlife Damage Control Into The School Curriculum, Thomas A. Eddy

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

This paper reports an approach to educating today's youth concerning the importance of regulating numbers of wildlife species that threaten property, products and health. The emphases are on preparing teachers to integrate principles and concepts into the existing curricular materials, justifying control measures with ecological understandings and economic information and dealing effectively with sensitive animal rights issues. Opportunities for integration of specific wildlife damage control topics are suggested for lessons in the life sciences, social sciences, health, language arts and mathematics. Examples of conflict between groups of different opinions about the seriousness of a pest's activities or appropriateness of control …

Wildlife Damage Control In Kansas: Private Operators And Public Agencies, L. Andrew Madison, Philip S. Gipson

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The private industry in wildlife damage control is expanding into territory predominantly occupied by public agencies in the past. There is a potential for overlap and competition in services provided by the public and private sectors in Kansas. We examined wildlife damage control activity reports from the Cooperative Extension Service (CES), Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks (KDWP), and private nuisance wildlife control operators (NWCO) to determine the most common species controlled by each and their overlap in services across Kansas. The CES predominantly controlled coyotes (Canis latrans). KDWP primarily controlled beavers (Castor canadensis), deer ( …

Proceedings Of The Seventh Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference, James B. Armstrong - Editor

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 7th (1995)

Table of Contents

Apple Production, Vole Control, And Wild Turkeys: Finding A Balance In Vermont, Richard B. Chipman, Dennis Slate, Abigail J. Duke, Lorraine Berkett, Douglas Blodgett

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 7th (1995)

Meadow voles (Crotus pennsylvanicus) and pine voles (Crotus inetorum) cause extensive damage to apple trees by gnawing and girdling trunk and root systems. In 1991, approximately 70% of Vermont's 90 commercial apple producers were using zinc phosphide (ZP) treated cracked corn to manage vole damage. From November 1991 throughout January 1992, 36 confirmed wild turkey deaths were attributed to the broadcast application of ZP treated cracked coin in Vermont orchards. As a result of public concern regarding impacts to nontarget wild turkeys, a working group was formed with representation of various state and federal agencies as …

Prey Availability And Selection By Mountain Lions In Aravaipa-Klondyke Area Of Arizona, Stan C. Cunning

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 7th (1995)

Prey selection by mountain lions (Felis concolor) in the Aravaipa-Klondyke area (2,000 km) in southeastern Arizona was studied from February 1991 through September 1993. Overall diet from frequency of occurrence as determined from 370 scats was: 48% deer (white-tailed and mule deer combined), 34% cattle, 17% javelinas, 6% rabbit (cottontail and jackrabbit), 4% rodent, and 2% desert bighorn. Using a correction factor developed by Ackerman et al. (1984), we also estimated percent biomass and proportion of individuals killed. With respect to biomass consumed, cattle was 44%, deer 40%, javelinas 10.9%, rabbits 2.9%, and rodents 0.02%. Based on weights …

Beaver Impacts On Timber On The Chauga River Drainage In South Carolina, J. Rickie Dams, Judy A. Barnes, George E. Ward, David Van Leak, David C. Guynn Jr., C. Andy Dolloff, Mark Hijdy

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 7th (1995)

Even though beavers (Castor canadensis carolinensis) occur over most of the southeastern United States, the impacts of increasing beaver populations on riparian forests within the southern Appalachian mountains are. not been well documented. Long-tenor browsing and inundation by beaver may alter the composition and structure of riparian forests. A survey of 62 streams (74 mi) within the Chauga River drainage in the mountains of South Carolina was conducted during 1991-1992 to determine the level of beaver activity within the drainage and the amount of timber damaged by beaver activities. Thirty-six streams had evidence of significant beaver activity with …

Ecology And Control Of Wildlife Damage To Electric Substations, Glenn R. Dudderar, Scott R. Winterstein, Wendy H. Sangstei

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 7th (1995)

This study addresses several aspects of the ecology and control of wildlife damage to electric substations because the amount of existing research is not sufficient to make informed decisions about how best to minimize that damage. Records of 121 incidents of animal-caused faults showed that 78°I° of the faults were caused by squirrels and raccoons and an average of 2,511 customers lost service doting the outage caused by such a fault. Animal damage control measures were evaluated by observing challenges to cool measures by raccoons and squirrels at a substation. The control measures were breached twice because they had not …

Assessment Of Gnawing Behavior Of Three Rodent Species On Automatic Speed Control Mechanism Diaphragms From Gm Automobiles, Glenn R. Dudderar, Ren-Rong Hou, Scott R. Winterstein

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 7th (1995)

General Motors and the A C. Rochester Company, a subsidiary of General Motors (GM), has found that the robber diaphragms on automatic speed control mechanisms (servos) were gnawed by unknown rodents. House mice (Mus musculus), Peromyscus spp., and eastern chipmunks (Tamias striatus) were used to test gnawing behavior on 4 kinds of diaphragms. Diaphragms with or without a rodent proof cure formula, which are used by GM, did not influence the gnawing of all test rodent species. Diaphragms with a lubricant (Paricin) were more attractive to gnawing by house mice than diaphragms without a lubricant. Five …

A Strategy For Integrating Principles And Concepts Of Wildlife Damage Control Into The School Curriculum, Thomas A. Eddy

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 7th (1995)

This paper reports an approach to educating today's youth concerning the importance of regulating numbers of wildlife species that threaten property, products and health. The emphases are on preparing teachers to integrate principles and concepts into the existing curricular materials, justifying control measures with ecological understandings and economic is information and dealing effectively with sensitive animal rights issues. Opportunities for integration of specific wildlife damage control topics are suggested for lessons in the life sciences, social sciences, health, language arts and mathematics. Examples of conflict between groups of different opinions about the seriousness of a pest's activities or appropriateness of …

A Comparison Of Deer Hunter And Farmer Attitudes About Crop Damage Abatement In Michigan: Messages For Hunters, Farmers And Managers, Peter A. Fritzell Jr., Donna L. Minnus, R. Ben Peyton

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 7th (1995)

During the last 20 years several states have seen dramatic changes in the size of their white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations and also more frequent debates about how the deer resource should be managed. One central area of conflict between stakeholders involved in deer management is the issue of the lethal control of depredating deer, and how and when programs involving lethal control should be implemented. In the last decade, both Michigan farmers and deer hunters have organized special interest groups to express their dissatisfaction with deer population numbers, deer-caused crop losses, and/or the state's crop depredation control …

Ecosystem Management And Wildlife Management: Compatible Or Conflicting?, David C. Guynn Jr., Greg K. Yarrow

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 7th (1995)

Examples of wildlife-human conflicts include deer-automobile collisions, disease transmission concerns, and damage to various commodities (e. g. agricultural crops, timber production). The extent of these problems is increasing at a time when American's attitudes are shifting emphasis from commodity production to concern for the environment. Ecosystem management has been proposed as a strategy to balance concerns for commodity production and the environment. Ecosystem management, unlike traditional natural resource management, will require management over large areas for long periods of time. This new philosophy of land management requires that the natural resource base be viewed in its entirety, and not as …

Rodent Damage Control In No-Till Corn And Soybean Production, Ron Hikes

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 7th (1995)

In recent years the primary cause of reduced plant stands in no-till crops planted into heavy residue has been small eared rodents called voles (Microtus spp.). Past research has indicated that severe stand reductions (80 to 100 percent) can occur if vole populations in the field exceed 75 per hectare (30 per acre) at planting time. This vole population should be considered intense. If field scouting about 30 days prior to planting reveals at least 12 active vole colonies per hectare (five per acre) an intense population can develop, and damage control measures should be planned. Of all …

Efficacy Of Shooting Permits For Deer Damage Abatement In Wisconsin, Rick R. Norton, Scott R. Craven

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 7th (1995)

The efficacy of out-of-season shooting permits for deer damage abatement in Wisconsin has not been critically evaluated. We used deer damage shooting permits to remove 21 antlerless deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from 7 heavily damaged alfalfa fields to evaluate subsequent impact on crop damage. Volunteer shooters, using permits issued to the landowners, hunted a minimum of 3 nights/week throughout the growth of the third alfalfa crop (Aug. 1 - late Sept.). We calculated the difference between the assessed damage to the second crop (untreated) and the third crop (treated) on treatment and control farms. We found no significant difference …

From Deer Problem To People Solution: A Case Study From Montgomery County, Maryland, Jonathan S. Kays, Douglas Tregoning

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 7th (1995)

Montgomery County, Maryland, a 495 square-mile area adjacent to Washington, D.C., is a rapidly developing, highly educated suburban community with one of the highest per capita incomes in the nation. There is increasing concern for the growth and impact of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations by agricultural interests, resource professionals and residential landowners. The Montgomery County Council assembled a task force of stakeholders to examine relevant information and propose deer management options. The task force report provided detailed information on the county deer situation, 11 management alternatives, and 9 final recommendations. The county parks administrator appointed a staff …

Bat Exclusion Methods, William H. Kern Jr.

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 7th (1995)

This publication is intended to serve as a review of currently accepted methods of bat exclusion. Inappropriate house bat control methods are destructive to our decreasing bat populations and often cause additional problems for the building's owner or occupant. These problems include odor from dead bats, infestations of carrion-feeding flies, and increasing human and pet exposure to bats. Appropriate exclusion methods like winter structure modification for cave hibernating bats or one-way excluders using hardware cloth, plastic sheeting, or plastic bird netting are the best ways to protect these beneficial wildlife species and correct situations where humans and bats come into …

Relationships Between Wild Turkeys And Raccoons In Central Mississippi, Charles D. Lovell, Darken A. Miller, George A. Hurst, Bruce D. Leopold

Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference: 7th (1995)

Reduced trapping and hunting of predators has led to concerns that increased predator densities may aged game species populations. Therefore, we investigated effects of predation on the wild turkey population on Tallahala Wildlife Management Area (TWMA), Mississippi, from 1984-94. We also determined trends in raccoon trapping and hunter harvest in Mississippi. Predation of nests (eggs), nesting hens, and points caused a population decline on TWMA. Most (88°!0) nest failures were caused by predation from 1984-94; raccoons were the dominant predator. Declining raccoon hunter harvest from 1980-94 was correlated with declining hunter effort. Trapping license sales and trapping harvest also declined. …