Digital Commons Network^™

Teaching Youth Wildlife Damage Management Principles Comparing Techniques (How To’S And Helpful Hints), Dallas A. Virchow, Denny M. Hogeland

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Youth need to receive research-based information about wildlife damage management principles and techniques so they can make wise decisions regarding issues. Educators also need to identify the best techniques for specific ages. We presented wildlife damage management topics on 70 separate occasions to over 4,500 youth in Nebraska’s Panhandle from 1993 through 1996. Youth, ages 7 through 10 year old, comprised the majority of the audience. Presentations included a furbearer pelt display and illustration of fur preparation, wildlife population influences using interactive games and demonstrations, wildlife damage principles using lecture, video, small group discussion and demonstration, and historical changes in …

Livestock Protection Collar Use In California, Robert M. Timm, Gary D. Simmons, John R. Hays

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Use of the Livestock Protection Collar (LP Collar) containing sodium fluoroacetate began on a research basis in October 1995 at the UC Hopland Research and Extension Center. Registration for use in California only by certified ADC specialists was granted in early 1996, and operational use in three north coast counties began in early 1997. Preparation for beginning operational use dealt with concerns regarding user certification, hazardous waste disposal, and public relations. We report on the success to date of using LP Collars to remove sheep-killing coyotes. Incidents in which non-target predators including mountain lions have attacked LP-Collared sheep are also …

White-Tailed Deer Activity, Contraception, And Estrous Cycling, Stephen A. Schumake, Gary Killian

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Reliable activity measures in free-ranging white-tailed deer could be useful for the assessment of estrous cycling and general activity changes that can occur after immunocontraceptive vaccine treatments. Electronic data-logging (Countcard^TM) devices attached to 9 white-tailed doe deer on neck collars were used to monitor their movement activities during 2 rutting seasons in 2.5 acre fenced enclosures. Direct daily behavioral observations on buck responses toward individual does were used to detect estrus and to validate changes in 24-hour activity counts as another indication of estrous cycling. When individual activity counts for the estrus days on the does were compared …

Dealing With Different Audiences: Special Interest Groups, Guy R. Hodge

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

One of the classic cases of clashing special interests can be found in Brownsville, Texas, just a few miles from the border with Mexico. On the outskirts of town is a location that has become as much a gathering place for bird watchers as it is for birds. The site, referred to informally as the Mexican Crow Sanctuary, is the only reliable location in the United States to observe this species. Each year, visiting birders pump millions of dollars into the local economy while pursuing the Mexican crow. But not everyone looks with favor at the presence of the birds. …

Sheep Predation By Coyotes: A Behavioral Analysis, Ray T. Sterner

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

This paper presents (1) a brief overview of several concepts important to predator-prey behaviors of coyotes, (2) results of an enclosure study of sheep-attack, -immobilization, and -ingestion responses involving 12 male coyotes (Canis latrans) that were paired with sheep after observing various sheep- predation events by conspecifics, and (3) an analysis of sheep predation based upon operant learning principles. Contrasts between comparative psychological and ethological approaches to the study of animal behavior are described. Results of the enclosure study (0.127-ha) showed that following matched-length trials of observing predation, non-predation, and lone sheep, 3, 2, and 1 coyote(s), respectively, …

Dealing With Wildlife Professionals, Scott E. Hygnstrom

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

A relatively small, but highly influential audience that we need to address includes all professional wildlife biologists. But wildlife biologists come in all shapes and sizes. To be an effective educator, you need to properly identify your audience and a proper medium in which to deliver your message.

Experimental Rodent Control At The Beef Cattle Research Center, Kansas State University, Philip S. Gipson, Charles D. Lee, Matthew L. Burenheide, Jan F. Kamler, Justin E. Kretzer, Daniel J. Martin, Celine C. Perchellet, Chad M. Willemssen, Jennifer Weins

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Little research has been conducted on rodent control techniques in livestock feedlot situations. We tested efficacy of several treatments including two anticoagulant baits, an acute toxicant and snap trapping to reduce rodent populations at the Beef Cattle Research Center at Kansas State University. Among the four treatments utilized, Contrac®, Blox®, and Ditrac® Tracking Powder reduced the number of active burrows. ZP® Rodent Bait had no observed effect on the rodent population and no rodents were taken with snap traps. Burrow activity appears to be a better census method when compared to corn consumption when rodents have access to unlimited food.

Mole Census Techniques, Richard M. Poche

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Effective mole control is often difficult to achieve. Various types of traps, baits, and fumigants have been developed over the years to reduce mole damage to lawns, golf courses, and other areas. Two studies were conducted in the St. Louis, Missouri area to field test products currently registered by the EPA for mole control. Reliable census methods are required to determine efficacy. The best method used was the hole punch method. It consisted of punching 1.9-2.5 cm diameter holes (using a blunt end broom stick) into the top of a mole shallow tunnel. The punched holes were examined 48 hours …

Dealing With The Policy Makers, Herb Manig

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

First, “Why would policy makers be interested in wildlife damage control in the first place?” In response, I would have to say that the problems with wildlife are increasing in number, diversity and complexity. Policy makers cannot afford to ignore controversies caused by them. We have problems in transportation with deer/automobiles collisions. We have airplane engines ingesting birds. We have health problems with respect to disease. Wildlife damage costs money. We also have problems with aesthetics. Some of the homeowners may not lose a lot of money when deer nibble their shrubs but they certainly don't like the looks of …

Use Of Netted-Cage Traps In Population Management And Research Of Urban White-Tailed Deer, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Jeff Beringer, Scott Hygnstrom

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Growing populations of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in urban areas often conflict with local human interests and present challenges to natural resource managers. Netted-cage traps can be an important tool for management of urban deer populations where traditional control methods may not be appropriate or acceptable. We discuss the design of netted-cage traps, trapping techniques, and the handling of trapped deer.

Elk Vs. Livestock: Forage Utilization Study In Portions Of The Gila National Forest., Michael Treadaway, V.W. Howard Jr., Chris D. Allison, Jon C. Boren

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

In areas where elk (Cervus elephus) and livestock, mainly cattle (Bos taurus), occupy the same rangeland the potential for competition exists, which may adversely effect each species. Competition between these herbivores may occur for herbaceous vegetation in areas with high elk numbers and moderate livestock numbers. In portions of the Gila National Forest some ranchers claim that the steady increase in elk numbers has caused them to run livestock numbers below that allocated by the United States Forest Service. This has resulted in numerous management challenges including the management of forage utilization for livestock and wildlife. …

Mylar Flags As Gull Deterrents, Jerrold L. Belant, Sheri K. Ickes

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

During 1996, we evaluated the effectiveness of mylar flags for deterring herring gulls (Larus argentatus) from 2 nesting colonies (roof and breakwall) and herring and ring-billed (L. deglawarensis) gulls from 2 loafing sites at a landfill. Mylar flags (15 cm x 1.0 m) attached to wire or lathe supports were positioned at 6-m intervals at nesting colonies and 3- to 12-m intervals at loafing areas. For both nesting colonies, time of nest initiation, nest density, and clutch size in 1996 when flags were present was similar to or greater than values obtained for these parameters at …

Nonlethal Control Techniques Used To Manage Blackbird Damage To Sunflower, David L. Bergman, Timothy L. Pugh, Louis E. Huffman

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Since 1986, nonlethal management techniques have been used by the North Dakota and South Dakota Animal Damage Control programs to reduce blackbird damage to sunflower. The use of propane cannons, pyrotechnics, hazing, and cattail management is discussed. Currently, the primary program for both States is cattail management.

The Coyote As An Ecological Model, Thomas A. Eddy, Cindy M. Moore

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Teachers (K-12) in a prairie ecology workshop in Kansas used the coyote as the focus for the design of an educational strategy to integrate many concepts and principles of ecology into the various subject areas of the curriculum. A topical outline was developed as a guide for implementing the study.

Technical Publication Of Wildlife Damage Research, Michael W. Fall, William B. Jackson

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The growth of the subdiscipline of wildlife damage research is producing a wealth of scientific information about methods of resolving conflicts between animals and people. Scientists working on these problems have, for many years, found difficulty in publishing the results of their applied research investigations in traditional scientific journal outlets, leading to a diverse information base that encompasses a variety of technical journals and a large “gray” literature in non-refereed publications. Although a number of current scientific journals welcome papers reporting the results of wildlife damage research, the identification of suitable primary outlets for such work, particularly for studies conducted …

Cultural Control Of Damage To Alfalfa Caused By Pocket Gophers, Ronald M. Case, Debra Baker, James Luchsinger, Bruce Jasch

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

In 1989 we postulated that using different varieties of alfalfa might minimize damages caused by pocket gophers (Geomys spp.). We tested a tap-rooted variety (Wrangler) and a fibrous-rooted variety (Spredor 2). From previous studies, Wrangler out performs Spredor 2 by as much as 27% by the fourth year after planting. Spredor 2, however, has a creeping habit and it sends up new shoots on lateral roots. When a root breaks, it sends up new shoots. Therefore, we predicted that Spredor 2 would be damaged less by below-ground foraging by plains pocket gophers (G. Bursarius). Additionally, Spredor 2 …

Gifford Point/Fontenelle Forest Urban Deer Survival And Case Study, Jason D. Ekstein, Scott E. Hygnstrom

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

From 1995-1996, we radio collared and/or ear tagged 98 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in an urban area of Bellevue, Nebraska. We determined the density to be 44 deer/km² and observed the movements of 52 collared does. The managed hunt and harvest results are discussed.

Lesser Scaup Depredation And Economic Impact At Baitfish Facilities In Arkansas, M. Chad Philipp, Michael D. Hoy

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

During the winters of 1994-95 and 1995-96, unusually large numbers of diving ducks were observed on baitfish facilities in Arkansas. Historically, lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) inhabited baitfish ponds with little reported impact on minnow production, and thus little attention was paid to the birds. Unfortunately, minnow crops in the spring of 1995 fell short of expectations and immediate attention became focused on the role lesser scaup may have had on that minnow shortage. Subsequently, lesser scaup were collected from baitfish facilities in an effort to determine their effect on commercial fish farms. Two hundred and twenty-three lesser scaup …

Cost-Effectiveness Of Predator Damage Management Efforts To Protect Sheep In Idaho, Mark D. Collinge, Craig L. Maycock

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Cost-effectiveness of ADC’s predator damage management efforts was identified as an issue of concern during preparation of an environmental assessment (EA) on predator damage management in southern Idaho. A specific benefit-cost analysis of ADC’s efforts to protect sheep in southern Idaho was prepared to address this issue. This analysis involved a comparison of the difference between 1) the value of livestock losses sustained with a control program in place, plus the costs of implementing the program, and 2) the value of losses that could reasonably be expected without the program in place. This difference, divided by the cost to implement …

Welcome, Charles Lee

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

It is a pleasure to welcome you to the 13th Great Plains Wildlife Damage Workshop. It has been 24 years since the 1st Great Plains Workshop was held in Manhattan, Kansas, in December 1973. Attendance has varied throughout the years; focus of the workshop has changed and has evolved to where it is today. As I look around the room, I still see a lot of interest. I still get a lot of calls about wildlife damage control, and I realize there is a great need to share the information that each of us has about wildlife damage control. That …

Water Current, Volume 29, No. 1, February 1997

Water Current Newsletter

Innovative Groundwater Cleanup Technique Being Featured in EPA's Technology Profiles
From the Director: Funding Sources Explored; Award Recognizes Stewardship
Prevention Helps Safeguard Drinking Water
Health and Human Services Department Certifies Nebraska Water Operators
"Splash" Is Interactive Intro to Nonpoint Source Pollution Through CD-ROM Game
Water Brief News
Register for Groundwater University
Expedition Planned for Children's Groundwater Festival
Comfort, Morrison Earn Research Awards
Volk Presented Water Guardian Award
Conference Deadline March 4
Unit Library A Little Known Resource

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Center Newsletter, Volume 5-1, Winter 1997

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

New Voice in CCWHC - Ontario Region
Volunteers in Saskatoon
Botulism on the Prairies: Another Bad Year, With New Wrinkles
Necropsy of a Right Whale on Long Island, Nova Scotia
Morbillivirus Infection in Four Lynx
Ethylene Glycol Intoxication in a Raccoon
Risk of Morbillivirus to Belugas
Bullfrog Mortality in a Man-Made Pond
Snow Goose Mortality - Fort Severn, Ontario
Thick-billed Murres
Barbiturate Poisoning of Bald Eagles
Diseases in Endangered Marmots
Fish Deaths Caused by Parasites
Outbreak of Viral Disease in Tiger Salamanders

A Guide To Mechanical Rangeland Regeneration, J. Addison

Bulletins 4000 -

The main objective of this Bulletin is to describe mechanical methods of promoting rangeland regeneration and how to determine which is the most appropriate to use on any particular site. Mechanical regeneration methods are not 'quick fix' but may be used to advantage in some rangeland regeneration strategies.

Oxidative Response Of Immobilized Bovine Blood To The Model Pollutant Phenol, Michael George Nickey

Theses

The primary purpose of this work is to determine if bovine blood can be studied in an immobilized cell bioreactor to determine if a phenol induced oxygen releasing optimum exists. This method of study has the potential to be used to determine what effects xenobiotics have on the oxidative activities of blood.

Three blood fractions containing approximately 21, 44, and 70% red blood cells (RBCs) were immobilized and placed in a recirculating bioreactor. These fractions were exposed injections of 0 ml, 3 ml, or 10 ml amounts of 2000 ppm phenol. The most active fraction was the 21% red cell …

The Influence Of The Wastewater Drainage From The Las Vegas Valley On The Limnology Of Boulder Basin, Lake Mead, Nevada-Arizona, James F. Labounty, Michael J. Horn, Bureau Of Reclamation

Publications (WR)

Lake Mead, Colorado River, Arizona-Nevada, is one of the most heavily used reservoirs in the western United States, providing abundant recreational opportunities as well as downstream domestic and agricultural water for over 22 million users. Based on average nutrient levels and productivity, Lake Mead is classified as mildly mesotrophic. The interflow of the Colorado River dominates the limnology of much of the 106 km-long reservoir, and may still be identified at Hoover Dam under certain conditions. The lower basin of Lake Mead ending at Hoover Dam is known as Boulder Basin and is near the Las Vegas metropolitan area. Las …

Rodent Exclusion Techniques: A Training Guide For National Park Service Employees, Gerard Hoddenbach, Jerry Johnson, Carol Disalvo

Other Publications in Wildlife Management

Rodents have been a common problem in living and working environments, probably, ever since humans began living in permanent dwellings. Even today many people believe rodent infestations are "inevitable". However, the recent appearance of Hantavirus (Sin Nombre Virus, Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome, HPS) in the Western states has re-awakened the public to the serious health problems posed by rodents and has prompted new inquiries into more effective ways to manage infestations. This manual is designed as a training reference for making rodent control in buildings an attainable goal.

The Decision To Reactivate A First-Generation Soviet Nuclear Power Plant: Conceptual And Decision-Analytic Frameworks, John M. Gleason

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Explores a variety of factors that led to reopening the Armenian Metsamor facility notwithstanding general agreement that this is unwarranted technologically.

Book Review Of Bruce M. Owen Et Al., The Economics Of A Disaster - The Exxon Valdez Oil Spill, William C. Shaw Ii

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Review of Bruce M. Owen, David A. Argue, Harold W. Furchtgott-Roth, Gloria J. Hurdle & Gale Mosteller, The Economics of a Disaster - The Exxon Valdez Oil Spill (Quorum Books 1995). Acknowledgments, appendices, author index, figures, selected bibliography, subject index, tables. LC 95- 3782; ISBN 0-89930-987-9. [200 pp. Cloth $55.00. 88 Post Road West, Westport CT 06881.]

Land Use Patterns In Relation To Lake Water Quality In The Messalonskee Lake Watershed, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College

Colby College Watershed Study: Other Area Studies

The main purpose of this study is to assess the current land use patterns and their influences on the water quality of Messalonskee Lake, including the biotic and abiotic parameters which are involved. More specifically, four main objectives were proposed. First, was to calculate the water budget and flushing rate for Messalonskee Lake. Second, was to determine the influence of current and historical land use patterns on lake water quality. Third, was to utilize gathered information to construct a phosphorus model, which will enable future water quality predictions to be made. Our fourth and final objective was to make recommendations …

Monitoring Of Polluted Water Bodies By Remote Sensing, Anatoly A. Gitelson, Robert Stark, Gideon Oron, Inka Dor

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study is to evaluate a remote sensing method for real time monitoring of wastewater effluent. Reflectance in the range from 400 to 950 nm with a spectral resolution of 2 nm, simultaneously with turbidity, chlorophyll and total suspended matter contents were acquired in two wastewater systems: R "m and Naan, Israel. The reflectance spectra of wastewater effluent were investigated in order to develop algorithms for remote estimation of wastewater quality expressed as chlorophyll-α, bacteriochlorophyll-α, non-organic and total suspended matter concentrations. Reflectance height at 720 nm and an area above the base line from 670 to 950 …