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Articles 12001 - 12030 of 12742
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Biology Of Nematodes In Desert Ecosystems, R. Mankau
Demography Of Termite Colonies As Related To Various Environmental Factors: Nutritional Biochemistry And Physiology Of Termites, W. L. Nutting, J. P. Lafage
Demography Of Termite Colonies As Related To Various Environmental Factors: Nutritional Biochemistry And Physiology Of Termites, W. L. Nutting, J. P. Lafage
Memorandum
No abstract provided.
Demography Of Termite Colonies As Related To Various Environmental Factors: Nutritional Biochemistry And Physiology Of Termites, W. L. Nutting, J. P. Lafage
Demography Of Termite Colonies As Related To Various Environmental Factors: Nutritional Biochemistry And Physiology Of Termites, W. L. Nutting, J. P. Lafage
Memorandum
No abstract provided.
Plant Food Habits Of Rodents In Curlew Valley, E. L. Becker Ii, D. F. Balph, M. H. Balph
Plant Food Habits Of Rodents In Curlew Valley, E. L. Becker Ii, D. F. Balph, M. H. Balph
Memorandum
No abstract provided.
Primary Production And Carbon Allocation In Creosotebush: Validation Of The Model, G. L. Cunningham, J. F. Reynolds
Primary Production And Carbon Allocation In Creosotebush: Validation Of The Model, G. L. Cunningham, J. F. Reynolds
Memorandum
No abstract provided.
Jornada Validation Site Report, W. G. Whitford
Rock Valley Validation Site Report, F. B. Turner
User's Manual For Desert2: A Desert Ecosystem Simulator Written In Ansi Fortran Iv, W. D. Valentine
User's Manual For Desert2: A Desert Ecosystem Simulator Written In Ansi Fortran Iv, W. D. Valentine
Memorandum
No abstract provided.
Design And Evaluation Of A Fisheries Information Storage And Retrieval System (Fisars) For The State Of South Dakota, Richard P. Kramer
Design And Evaluation Of A Fisheries Information Storage And Retrieval System (Fisars) For The State Of South Dakota, Richard P. Kramer
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Extensive data collected each year from the streams and lakes of South Dakota necessitates a computerized system with which to efficiently utilize the large amount of material. A fisheries related data storage and retrieval system (FISARS) was developed sufficiently to provide cost estimates in creating and maintaining such a system. Detailed descriptions were made to provide information in implementing and utilizing the retrieval system. A survey was made of state fish and game agencies currently operating storage and retrieval systems. This information along with comments provided by the fisheries personnel in the state of South Dakota was used as a …
Special Reflectance Of Hydrophytes, Robert G. Best
Special Reflectance Of Hydrophytes, Robert G. Best
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identification of hydrophytes will improve the delineation and classification of wetlands on remotely sensed imagery. Spectral reflectance measurements of 10 species of hydrophytes were made with an Exotach radiometer during three phenological stages, flowering and early seed, senescence, and early emergent. Reflectance data were analyzed to determine significant (≥.95) reflectance differences between species in each of four spectral regions during each phenological stage. Eight species had significantly (≥.95) different reflectances during the flower and early seed stage. Only one species could not be spectrally separated during at least one phenological stage. The results indicate that films sensitive to both visible …
Winter Limnological Conditions In A Prairie Pothole And The Application Of Molecular Oxygen, Richard A. Fike
Winter Limnological Conditions In A Prairie Pothole And The Application Of Molecular Oxygen, Richard A. Fike
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The physical, chemical, and biological conditions in Round Lake, Oakwood Lakes State Park, South Dakota were monitored during the 1977-1978 winter, and reaeration utilizing molecular oxygen was evaluated as a practical method to prevent winterkill. Ice and snow conditions after 20 December, 1977 allowed little light penetration, and phytoplankton numbers (6174/ml to 1668/ml) and chlorophyll concentration (46.6 mg/L to 14.1 mg/L) decreased throughout the winter. Aquatic bacteria and fungi comprised from 87.0% to 93.7% by number of the total cells identified (phytoplankton, bacteria, and fungi) in the lake water under ice. Dissolved oxygen declined to anoxic conditions after 19 January, …
Nesting Chronology Of South Dakota Ducks, Stephen A. Tessmann
Nesting Chronology Of South Dakota Ducks, Stephen A. Tessmann
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Duck broods were censused on 476 randomly selected plots in South Dakota during July of the years 1973 through 1976. Broods were also censused on wetlands located off the study plots both in July and August of these years, except in 1976 when no August counts were made. Hatching and nest initiation dates were determined by back dating from brood age classes. Early nesting species were mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and pintails (A. acuta). Northern shovelers (A. clypeata), redheads (Aythya americana), and canvasbacks (A. valisineria) were intermediate nesters while blue-winged teal (Anas discors), gadwalls (A. strepera), and American wigeons (A. americana) …
Catfish Cage Culture In A South Dakota Power Plant Cooling Reservoir, Gary P. Wheeler
Catfish Cage Culture In A South Dakota Power Plant Cooling Reservoir, Gary P. Wheeler
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Studies were conducted to evaluate the Big Stone Power Plant cooling reservoir in northeastern South Dakota as a site for cage culturing channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) for market and sport fishery stocking. Temperatures suitable for catfish culture (21-32 C) were present in the reservoir from mid-March through mid-September 1978 and from mid-October through 4 November 1978, the end of the study period. Mean values of chemical parameters analyzed included dissolved oxygen - 8.8 mg/1, total available chlorine- 0.13 mg/1, pH - 8.6, specific conductance - 2228 micromhos/cm, total hardness - 1128 mg/1 as CaC03, calcium hardness - 570 mg/1 as …
Habitat Preferences And Censusing Of Waterfowl Broods On Stock Ponds In South Central South Dakota, Mark A. Rumble
Habitat Preferences And Censusing Of Waterfowl Broods On Stock Ponds In South Central South Dakota, Mark A. Rumble
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Waterfowl broods on stock ponds in south central South Dakota were surveyed in 1977 and 1978 to compare flush and observation techniques for censusing broods and to determine waterfowl brood habitat preferences. Results indicated that 72-8% of the broods present were censused by either technique alone. No differences were indicated between the 2 techniques when analyzed by species. For total brood counts, a significant (P<0.05) difference was indicated for 1 of the 4 sample periods. Differences were found between the 2 techniques for certain age-classes of species and age-classes overall. Visibility correction factors were calculated for each species based on the percentage of known broods censused by each technique. Brood habitat preferences were examined using multiple regression and discriminant analyses of 33 pond and upland variables. Ponds were selected in a limited size range (0.71-2, 70 ha) to reduce variation in numbers of broods per pond due to pond size. However, variables indicative of pond size were significantly and positively associated to brood use of ponds in 8 of 9 analyses. Potential brood escape cover such as Polygonum spp. and Eleocharis spp. were positively associated with mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), (A. strepera), northern shoveler (A. clypeata) and class 1 broods. Large differences in numbers of broods on study ponds between the 2 years were likely due to increased nesting cover provided by yellow sweet clover (Melilotus officinalis). Study ponds with higher pH and more submersed aquatic vegetation had more brood use.
Modelling The Influence Of Eutrophication On The Coldwater Fishery Habitat Of Lake Mcconaughy, A "Two-Story" Reservoir, Melvin W. Taylor
Modelling The Influence Of Eutrophication On The Coldwater Fishery Habitat Of Lake Mcconaughy, A "Two-Story" Reservoir, Melvin W. Taylor
Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Publications
The lifespan of the existing coldwater habitat in Lake McConaughy is unknown, To promulgate effective management and regulatory strategies, a method of predicting this lifespan was needed, Ideally, this procedure should also provide potential management philosophies that would retard eutrophication, The LAKSCI computerized simulation model of Systems Control, Inc, was modified to assist in solving this problem, Data for model input were collected from August 1976 to August 1978. When calibrated the model proved satisfactory for predicting water level and temperatures, but unsatisfactory in prediction of water chemistry without additional data and refinement,
Additional Comments On Reproductive Strategies And Population Fluctuations In Microtine Rodents, Michael S. Gaines, William M. Schaffer, Robert K. Rose
Additional Comments On Reproductive Strategies And Population Fluctuations In Microtine Rodents, Michael S. Gaines, William M. Schaffer, Robert K. Rose
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Recently, Schaffer and Tamarin (1973) proposed a model relating changes in reproductive effort (RE) to fluctuating densities in microtine rodents (lemmings and voles). They assumed (and presented data supporting this assumption) that the major effect of increased crowding would be a reduction in survival among prereproductives, thereby lowering the effective fecundity (Schaffer and Rosenzweig 1977) of their parents. As a consequence, Schaffer and Tamarin argued that the optimal reproductive expenditure, E(N), should decline with increasing population size, N. They also deduced the shape of the zero-growth isocline, N*(E), for differing levels of RE and plotted both E(N) and N*(E) on …
Impact Of Water And Soils Having High Source-Sink Potentials On Water And Salinity Management Under Irrigation In The Upper Colorado River Basin, Lyman S. Willardson, R. J. Hanks, J. J. Jurinak
Impact Of Water And Soils Having High Source-Sink Potentials On Water And Salinity Management Under Irrigation In The Upper Colorado River Basin, Lyman S. Willardson, R. J. Hanks, J. J. Jurinak
Reports
Water management in irrigation projects is one potential method for reducing downstream salinity in the Colorado River. An important contribution can be made to developing more effective irrigation water management practices for water conservation and salinity control through identification and better understanding of the soil and water interactions that result in soils behaving as salt sources or as salt sinks. The interactions identified in this study were examined to determine the effects of various management alternatives on the quality and quantity of salt in subsurface return flow from irrigation projects. A soil solution chemistry model was developed to describe the …
Federal Agency Procedures For Project Design Flood Determination: Report To U.S. Water Resources Council, L. Douglas James, H. James Owen
Federal Agency Procedures For Project Design Flood Determination: Report To U.S. Water Resources Council, L. Douglas James, H. James Owen
Reports
No abstract provided.
Estimation Of Water Surface Elevation Probabilities And Associated Damages For The Great Salt Lake, L. Douglas James, David S. Bowles, W. Robert James, Ronald V. Canfield
Estimation Of Water Surface Elevation Probabilities And Associated Damages For The Great Salt Lake, L. Douglas James, David S. Bowles, W. Robert James, Ronald V. Canfield
Reports
Rising water surface elevations in perennial terminal lakes threaten major damages to shoreline industrial plants, transportation routs, and wetlands. Falling elevations increase pumping costs for industries extracting minerals from the lake water and reduce the quality of shoreline recreation. The managers of these properties need information on future lake level probabilities for planning, and public agencies need information on both probabilities and damages to determine whether lake level control is justified. Standard methods for estimating flood frequency and damages in riverine areas do not work well for terminal lakes because of the interdependency in annual peaks and the long advanced …
Domestic Water Demand In Utah, Trevor C. Hughes, Robert Gross
Domestic Water Demand In Utah, Trevor C. Hughes, Robert Gross
Reports
Multiple regression and frequency analysis of average month, peak month, peak day, and instantaneous water use by various water supply systems in Utah and Colorado are used to develop water demand functions. The research objective was to predict water demand as a function of a small number of independent variables for which data were easily obtainable and thereby provide an attractive method for use by consulting engineers inf uture planning studies. The independent variables in landscaped area and accounts for use of supplementary ditch or pressure irrigation systems. The demand functions were developed with data from a sample of 14 …
Tabulation And Application Of Pan Evaporation Data For Utah Through 1976, Kenneth G. Hubbard
Tabulation And Application Of Pan Evaporation Data For Utah Through 1976, Kenneth G. Hubbard
Reports
Monthly values of evaporation, wind movement and water temperatures are presently for all available station in Utah. A brief review is given of factors which effect evaporation along with several examples of how pan evaporation data ware used.
Research On Increased Winter Orographic Precipitation By Cloud Seeding (Fy 1979) Development Of Cloud Seedability Criteria, Geoffrey E. Hill
Research On Increased Winter Orographic Precipitation By Cloud Seeding (Fy 1979) Development Of Cloud Seedability Criteria, Geoffrey E. Hill
Reports
This research continues the exploration of improved cloud seeding technology through the use of airborne seeding, cloud physics measurements from a research aircraft and ground based measurements for the purpose of understanding transport and diffusion of seeding material, developing seedability criteria, and documenting in-cloud responses to seeding. Development of precipitation measuring and memory devices was continued with the aim of obtaining a network of gages well suited for measurement of winter snowfall in mountainous regions. Results of the research are highlighted by the development of criteria for seeding winter orographic storms. It was found that the cloud top temperature and …
An Economic Evaluation Of The Salinity Impacts From Energy Development: The Case Of The Upper Colorado River Basin, Rangesan Narayanan, Sumol Padungchai, A. Bruce Bishop
An Economic Evaluation Of The Salinity Impacts From Energy Development: The Case Of The Upper Colorado River Basin, Rangesan Narayanan, Sumol Padungchai, A. Bruce Bishop
Reports
To analyze the effect of potential energy development on water allocation and water quality in the Upper Colorado River Basin, a linear programming model is formulated. Using the model, changes in salinity are predicted. Further, least-cost strategies to maintain the established numeric salinity criteria through both structural and nonstructural alternatives are developed. The effectiveness of alternative control measures are examined within given institutional constraints. Based on cost-benefit analysis, optimal salinity levels over time are proposed. The economic feasibility of presently planned strucutral measures to reduce salinity is investigated and contrasted with nonstructural alternatives.
Evaluation Of In-Line Direct Filtration For Virus Removal, Behjat Sadat Malek, Dennis B. George, Daniel S. Filip, Bill B. Barnett
Evaluation Of In-Line Direct Filtration For Virus Removal, Behjat Sadat Malek, Dennis B. George, Daniel S. Filip, Bill B. Barnett
Reports
The purposes of this study were to evaluate virus removal in treatment of water supplies by an in-line direct filtration pilot plant system and to suggest a system design to enhance virus removal. Isotherm and jar tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of pH, sodium ion concentration, and coagulants (alum and cationic polyelectrolytes Cat-Floc T, Nalco 8102, and 8103) on the bacteriophage MS2 contained in water. Isotherm studies were also conducted to assess the kinetic adsorption of MS2 to sand, anthracite, and garnet. Rapid sand, dual-media, and multi-media filters were tested in continuous in-line direct filtration operations. Approximately 95 …
Levels Of Analysis In Comprehensive River Basin Planning, Dean T. Larson, L. Douglas James, Kirk R. Kimball, Jim Mulder, A. Berry Crawford, Charles Johson, Lance Rovig, Ken Sizemore
Levels Of Analysis In Comprehensive River Basin Planning, Dean T. Larson, L. Douglas James, Kirk R. Kimball, Jim Mulder, A. Berry Crawford, Charles Johson, Lance Rovig, Ken Sizemore
Reports
Since nearly every water resource managment choice has two or more sides, differences must be resolved in decision making. Equitable resolution requires an understanding of the reasons for the differences. These reasons originate in the implemented plans have physical-environmental, economic, social, cultural, and political impacts at levels ranging from local to national or international in scope. Decisions are made by individuals and groups impacted in all of these dimensions and at all of these levels; the decisions generate additional impacts; and the entire interactive process changes water management practice in ways outside the control of any one decision point or …
Erosion Control During Highway Construction: Volume 1, Calvin G. Clyde, C. Earl Israelsen, Paul E. Packer
Erosion Control During Highway Construction: Volume 1, Calvin G. Clyde, C. Earl Israelsen, Paul E. Packer
Reports
Summary: Highway constuction as we know it today is a high-risk activity with respect to engendering soil erosion. In earlier days of road building, when rights-of-way were generally narrow and excavations mostly shollow, erosion was rarely a serious problem. Only occasionally was it considered necessary to design and apply specific measures for erosion control. With the advent of the superhighway involving far greater widths of right-of-way, and much deeper disturbance of the natural ground to affort the horizontal and vertical highway geometry necessary for high-speed travel, came a several fold increase in erosion potential and a direct need for specific …
Effects Of Oil Shale Leachate On Phytoplankton Productivity, Mary Louise Cleave, V. Dean Adams, Donald B. Porcella
Effects Of Oil Shale Leachate On Phytoplankton Productivity, Mary Louise Cleave, V. Dean Adams, Donald B. Porcella
Reports
The effects of oil shale leachate and salinity additions on the productivity of freshwater algae were studied in the laboratory using batch bioassays. These batch bioassays were used to screen variations of ten salts in single and multiple additions of all possible combinations of the ten salts; water extractions of different processed and unprocessed oil shales; and the concentration effects of both the salts from 0.3 N to 0.05 N as NaCl and the oil shale extractions on the growth of standard test algae and indigenous algae from Lake Powell. The batch bottle bioassays were conducted following the standard algal …
Random Differential Equations In Water Quality Modeling, Brad A. Finney, David S. Bowles, Michael P. Windham
Random Differential Equations In Water Quality Modeling, Brad A. Finney, David S. Bowles, Michael P. Windham
Reports
A probabilistic river water quality model is developed with the capability of determinging the joint and marginal probability density function of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and dissolved oxygen (DO) at any point in a river. The one dimensional steady-state model can be applied to a river system with any reasonable number of point loads and diversions and lateral surface and subsurface inflow. The model can simultaneously consider randomness in the intital conditions, inputs, and coefficients of the water quality equations. Any empirical or known distribution can be used for the initial condition. The randomness in the water quality equation inputs …
Modeling The Performance Of The Intermittent Sand Filter, P. A. Cowan, E. J. Middlebrooks
Modeling The Performance Of The Intermittent Sand Filter, P. A. Cowan, E. J. Middlebrooks
Reports
Several models were developed to predict the efficiency of the intermittent sand filter (ISF) in removing algae from wastewater stabilization pond effluent; volatile suspended solids (VSS) was the analytical technique used to identify algal concentrations. The first (ISF model) and second (modified ISF model) models consisted of two distinct portions: a surface algal layer (SAL) component and a sand phase component. In the ISF model, the sand phase component was described in terms of 20 empirical sand filter efficiency terms (20 ^ coefficients); in the modified ISF model, a functional relationship between ^ and filter depth was developed. The modified …
Emission Of Microbial Aerosols From Polluted Waters In Densely Populated Regions, Lois S. Cronholm
Emission Of Microbial Aerosols From Polluted Waters In Densely Populated Regions, Lois S. Cronholm
KWRRI Research Reports
The air surrounding three activated sludge tanks was sampled over a two year period for the emission of bacterial aerosols under a variety of climatic conditions and at varying distances upwind and downwind of the aerated tanks. All plants emitted species of enteric bacteria which are significant as index organisms and as frank pathogens. The emission pattern of these bacteria were influenced by distance from the plant and wind direction. Within the parameters of a plant, defined arbitrarily in this study by sampling sites less than 150 m upwind and less than 900 m downwind, distance from the source was …