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A Chance-Constrained Programming Model Of Water Allocations In Utah, John E. Keith, Gustavo A. Martinez Gerstl, Rangesan Narayanan, Donald L. Snyder

Reports

A chance-constrained separable programming model of water allocations between agriculture and energy production was developed in order to examine the effect of the variability of water supplies in Utah. Using an incomplete gamma function, based on method of moments estimation of parameters, the water flows at 85, 90, and 95 percent probabilities of occurence were generated. These flows were then used as constraints in the allocation model. Results indicate that water quality could be a more significant constraint on irrigated agriculture than water quantity in the face of large scale energy development, and the variability of water availability alone is …

Hydrologic Series Generation From The Spectral Density Function, Ronand V. Canfield

Reports

Computer simulation of hydrologic processes has become an effective analytical tool for analysis of complicated water resource systems. Present methods of generating sequences place practical limits on the ability of the methods to preserve an observed autocorrelation structure. This report explores the use of spectral characteristics in the generation of time series. Because of the correspondence between the spectral density function and the autocorrelation function of a time series, the spectrum can be used to fit any of the empirical autocorrelation structures observed in hydrologic sequences. The problem of maintaining an observed correlation structure in a generated sequence is reduced …

Energy Impacts Of Water Based Recreation, J. Clair Batty, David A. Bell, E. Bruce Godfrey, Craig Howell, J. Paul Riley, Thomas C. Stoddard

Reports

The overall objective of the study reported here was to determine to what extent energy accounting could supplement and/or complement economic benfit/cost analyses of water management projects and to specifically examine the energy impacts of water based recreation. The energy accounting literature was carefully reviewed and an energy accounting methodology applicable to water management was devised. Data pertaining to receation at five reservoirs in Utah were assembled from visitation recoreds and on-site surveys. Energy requirements for site construction, travel to and from the recreation site, and recreation at the site were estimated. It was determined that energy devoted to water …

Predicted Limnology Of The Proposed Ridges Basin Reservoir, Lawrence A. Baker, V. Dean Adams

Reports

A limnological evaluation was conducted for the offstream Ridges Basin Reservoir proposed by the Bureau of Reclamation in southwest Colorado. The study required the determination of existing water quality in the source river and use of the information to predict the algal standing crop, hypolimnetic oxygen deficity, Secchi disk transparency, and retention of metals in the proposed reservoir. A water quality study was conducted between May 1977 and August 1978. Samplse were collected from the Animas River, which will provide the inflow to the proposed reservoir, and from the La Plata River, which will receive discharge from the reservoir. Samples …

Guidelines For Minimizing Salinity Buildup In Groundwaters Of Utah, Edward P. Fisk, Calvin G. Clyde

Reports

In arid Utah practically all of the replenishable surface water supplies are nearly fully developed. At least some groundwater resources are being used in every basin. Groundwater use is expanding throughout the state and in some areas the draft is nearly equal to the sustained yield. Irrigated agriculture is the major water user. Multiple reuse of water is common in many areas, but as salinity increases with each cycle of usage, salinity also is usually the limiting factor for usefulness. Effective control of salinity buildup will permit more efficient and more extensive use of the state’s waters with potentially large …

Reverse Osmosis In The Treatment Of Drinking Water, R. Ryan Dupont, Talbert N. Eisenberg, E. Joe Middlebrooks

Reports

An extensive review of the literature was conducted and results were evaluated for the use of the reverse osmosis process in the treatment of drinking water supplies. All aspects of reverse osmosis technology, including pretreatment requirements; membrane type and configuration; membrane cleaning and maintenance; and reverse osmosis removal of organics, inorganics, and microbial contaminants were incorporated inot the literature evaluation. A survey (Appendix E) of existing full scale reverse osmosis installations was also carried out and results of the survey are discussed. In light of data presented in the literature and results of the survey conducted, the following recommendations were …

Hydraulics And Numerical Solutions Of Steady-State But Spatially Varied Debris Flow, Alfredo A. Deleon, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

Debris flow is a natural phenomenon triggered by special conditions that combine: high intensity rainfall, material available for transport, slopes steep enough to induce flowage, and insufficient protection of the ground by vegetation and/or other erosion control means. These conditions are very common in semiarid and arid regions in Utah, other Western states and many other parts of the globe. Previously, the two models proposed to solve debris flow are the Bingham plastic model and the dilatants model. Both these models depend upon coefficients that are not easy to obtain. Therefore, they are not very useful in practice. According to …

The Influence Of Salinity On Larval Development And Population Dynamics Of Anopheles Merus Dönitz (Diptera: Culicidae), F. W. Mosha, C. M. Mutero

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Variations in density of adults of Anopheles merus Dön. in Jimbo Village on the Kenya Coast were found to be correlated both with rainfall and with salinity at their breeding sites. Densities started to increase at the beginning of the rains when several breeding sites were formed. This was followed by a decline in numbers resulting mainly from the decrease in salinity in the semi-permanent breeding sites. A second rise occurred after the end of the rains, corresponding with an increase in salinity in the semi-permanent breeding sites due to evaporation. Peak density coincided with salinities of 30–50% sea water …

The Probe, Issue 17 - November 1981

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

THE PROBE National Animal Damage Control Association November, 1981
It is now time to pay your dues.
Bats roosting in an attic can provide a free and easy way to keep a house warm in winter.
THE NO ANTIDOTE 1080
ORCHARD MOUSE CONTROL
The highly publicized "Adopt-a-Horse" program of the FRIENDS UF ANIMALS that was foisted on the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is undergoing reevaluation.
NADCA ANNUAL MEETING
ASTM SYMPOSIUM ANNOUNCEMENT
WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT ON PUBLIC LANDS
Cats won't chase birds at the bird feeder if you feed the birds lemon-scented bird seed.
The killing of the three-year old by …

Coyote Management: A Rationale For Population Reduction, Dale A. Wade

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Historic and anecdotal information on coyote depredation and population control is presented, with case histories from specific areas. Population reduction methods, their application and their limitations are described. Situations in which coyote population management is desirable and some of the restrictions imposed by laws and regulations are discussed.

Criteria For Pesticide Registration, John R. Beck, William B. Jackson

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Satisfactory criteria for registration of vertebrate pesticides, other than for commensal rodents, are largely lacking. Even those that are available have not made their way fully through the bureaucratic processes of EPA. Recognizing the difficulty of standardizing pesticide registration, EPA in 1973 requested that the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) consider establishing a committee on pesticides for the purpose of writing consensus standards, guidelines, and practice statements. The resulting committee of more than 400 biological scientists and chemists from academia, industry, and regulatory agencies has prepared standards on many phylogenetic areas.

Urban Vertebrate Pest Management: A Practical Approach, Patricia A. Chamberlain, Milton Caroline, William A. Wright

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Urban vertebrate pest management is influenced by a variety of factors. Public perceptions of wildlife limit control specialists in their methods of operation. Population density, costs of operation and timing of control are considered. Suggestions are made for operational mode, methods, baits, traps and disposal. Two new trapping concepts are described and experimental data on attractants are given. Computer-summarized data on urban wild life conflicts from one state (Texas) show that most complaints can be handled by extension methods supplemented with direct control by the public and wild life damage control specialists.

U.S. Fish And Wildlife Service Coyote Control Research, Guy Connolly

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

This paper reviews recent research by the Denver Wildlife Research Center, Section of Predator Management Research, on chemical and lethal coyote control methods. Steel trap modifications, aerial shooting, den hunting, the M-44 (spring-loaded sodium cyanide ejector), toxic and nontoxic baits, the toxic collar, other livestock-borne toxicants, development of new toxicants, and aversive conditioning with lithium chloride are discussed. No new, lethal coyote control method has been implemented into practical use over the past decade, but toxic baits and den hunting were lost or banned from use in the Federal-Cooperative Animal Damage Control Program. One new technique, the toxic collar, may …

Controlling Problem Pocket Gophers And Moles, F. Robert Henderson

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Two small mammals, pocket gophers and moles, spend most of their lives underground and can cause a lot of concern and frustration to people above ground. The pocket gopher and mole, while engaging in their daily activities, leave their telltale marks on lawns and gardens, on golf courses, parks, cemeteries, and on alfalfa fields and rangelands. Sometimes they damage irrigation canals and dikes and chew into underground cables. They can also create root damage to young trees.

Prairie Dogs And Their Influence On Rangeland And Livestock, Robert M. Hyde

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The prairie dog (Cynomys) has been cussed, discussed, protected, exploited, credited with doing many good things and accused of being completely bad. He is at least a controversial Great Plains inhabitant. The prairie dog has been credited with adding significant amounts of organic matter to the soil profile through burrowing, clipping and feces deposition. Really the 35 to 40 pounds of organic matter per acre per year added to the soil profile by prairie dogs is rather insignificant especially when one considers that amount throughout a 5 to 7 foot soil profile and that the organic matter added isn't well …

L:Egal Problems Of Bird Damage Control - Protected Species And Practical Solutions, Ronald D. Ogden

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Legal problems in bird damage control can occur from two directions. First, most birds are protected by federal law; all birds are protected by some states and all birds can be protected by local governing agencies. Second, the method of control may be restricted by state or local governments. Some states require permits to use toxicants; shooting is prohibited in some areas by local government. The only practical solution is to know the federal and state regulations pertaining to each individual project and to check each time with local agencies for further restrictions. A federal permit is required to trap …

A Vertebrate Ipm Project In Nebraska, Robert M. Timm

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

An Integrated Pest Management project in Nebraska is assisting farmers, particularly pork producers, in controlling damage caused by Norway rats, house mice, house sparrows, and starlings. This extension program also provides information on control of pocket gophers in alfalfa and on rangelands. Integrated control recommendations include rodent- and bird-proof construction, limitation of food and shelter, traps, and toxicants (rodenticides and avicides). The project is attempting to gather data on economic damage, including structural damage to confinement buildings, caused by these pests. This information will be used to assist producers in deciding when to initiate control.

Panel Discussion: Integrated Pest Management—A Viable Approach To Wildlife Damage Control?, Roger E. Gold Moderator

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Questions & answers. Questioners and respondents include:
Roger E. Gold, Moderator
Robert M. Timm
Bill Ahlschwede
Rex E. Marsh
George Laidlaw
James Miller
Terry Salmon

John Muir Newsletter, October 1981, Holt-Atherton Pacific Center For Western Studies

Muir Center Newsletters (1981-2015)

Holt-Atherton Pacific Center for Western Studies VOLUME 1 OCTOBER 1981 University of the Pacific Stockton, Calif 95211 NUMBER 4 EDITORIAL STAFF: RONALD H. L1MBAUGH. JANICE D. MAGDICH UPDATE ON NHPRC FUNDING Yet final action on both an appropriations bill and an authorization measure for NHPRC must come soon. It is still not too late to phone or write your Congressional delegation, especially any members of the committes listed below, urging them to support at the very least a 75% refunding of NHPRC. And don't forget to make your opinion known at the .White House, since the President must ultimately approve …

Algal Dynamics In A Cypress Stand In The Seasonally Flooded Great Dismal Swamp, Joseph A. Atchue Iii

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The dynamics of epiphytic algae and phytoplankton were studied at a cypress stand in the Great Dismal Swamp, Virginia. Mean epiphytic algal biomass was 19.9 g m^-2 and mean planktonic biomass was 3.4 g m^-2.Nutrient concentrations in the epiphytic algae and the litter were determined. The algae had mean concentrations of 1.67% and 0.18%. They were found to immobilize as much as 0.5 g N m^-2 and 0.06 g P m^-2. This suggests that the algae are important as nutrient conservers. The phytoplankton were composed primarily of Bacillariophyceae. They exhibited a more or less …

Classification And Ranking Of Selectd Arkansas Lakes, Robert E. Babcock, Eugene H. Schmitz, Thomas Buchanan, Richard L. Meyer, James I. Meinecke, David B. Czarnecki

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Trophic-state related problems associated with waters in the United States have generated tremendous public interest and concern, particularly during the past decade. These interests and concerns led to Public Law 92-500, the mandate by Congress known as the Federal Water Pollution Control Act. Various sections of PL 92-500 directly address the need for trophic-state analyses, particularly Section 314 referred to as the Clean Lakes Program which assigns states the responsibility for classifying their lakes according to water quality, identifying methods of pollution control and restoring those lakes which have become degraded.

The Probe, Issue 16 - September 1981

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

THE PROBE National Animal Damage Control Association No. 15 September, 1981
Kelly Keene was killed by a coyote as she left her house in Glendale (Calif.) on her way to preschool classes.
"SHEEP PERFUME" IS CHIC FOR COYOTES
According to the by-laws, NADCA has to hold its' first election.
We appreciate Bill Jackson (Director, Center of Environmental Studies, Bowling Green State University, Ohio) checking further on our note in PROBE No. 15 about the rabid mouse in Nebraska.
CAGE TRAP
The price tag on the 101 mile Washington, D.C. transit system is now estimated at $10 billion and going up …

Low Pressure Membrane Separation Process To Remove Heavy Metal Complexes, Dibakar Bhattacharyya, Chin-Shun Cheng

KWRRI Research Reports

The overall objective of this investigation is to establish the rejection behavior of heavy metals in the presence of complexing agents, utilizing negatively charged ultrafiltration membranes. An extensive experimental investigation is conducted with Zn²⁺, Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Cu¹⁺ in the presence of cyanide, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, and oxalates, under insignificant concentration polarization condition. The rejection dependence of the heavy metals is found to be a function of feed metal concentration, metal types, complexing agent to metal feed molar ratio, pH and ionic strength. The dependence of rejection behavior of heavy metals and complexing …

Water Current, Volume 13, No. 5, September/October 1981

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
Water Problems Ranked as #1 Priority
Coordination of Water Extension Programs
Water Resources Seminar Series
Agricultural and Water Research Fund Projects
Project Funded by OWRT
NWRC Research Program
States to Continue Regional Water Resources Efforts
Water Conservation Workshops Project
No Funds for State Water Institutes
Watt Reaffirms State Control of Water in Announcing New Legal Opinion
Repeal of Principles and Standards
Research Review: Measurement of Actual Transpiration of Native Grass Stands as a Component of Nebraska Sandhills Groundwater Hydrology

A Hydrologic Carbonate Chemistry Model Of Flooded Rice Fields, James A. Ferguson, John T. Gilmour

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Many flooded rice fields in Arkansas are irrigated with subterranean waters saturated or supersaturated with respect to calcium carbonate. Deposition of calcium carbonate from these waters largely occurs near field inlets and in flow areas (1). When sufficient amounts of calcium carbonate accumulate, soil pH rises and zinc deficiency occurs in rice seedlings grown on the affected soil (2). The use of zinc fertilizers has provided a short-term solution to the problem (3), but does not provide a water management alternative which would slow, stop or reverse the localized accumulation of calcium carbonate and concomitant soil pH increase.

The Probe, Issue 15 July, 1981

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

THE PLIGHT OF LOVING WILDLIFE
Charlie Cadieux, who once was Principal Assistant in the Texas. D i s t r i c t o f the old PARC, has written a book about rare and endangered species of w i l d l i f e . Entitled THESE ARE THE EUOAUGEREV, the book is hardcover and i l l u s t r a t e d with 18 of Bob Hines drawings, along with many photographs.
TALON VERSUS THE ZOO AGAIN
TRAPPER EDUCATION
membership l i s t
road show on the West Coast this fall by Bill …

Water Current, Volume 13, No. 4, July/August 1981

Water Current Newsletter

Community Course on Water in Nebraska
Assistant Instructor in Water Resources Communications
Sandhills Research Package Being Developed
Governors May Seek Continued Regional Water Planning Efforts
Missouri River Basin Commission Water Use Information Needs Assessment
Interior Appropriations Bill
Water Planning Bill Approved by Committee
Dr. Dallas Peck Nominated to Head USGS

Diagenesis Of Organic Matter In Las Vegas Bay And Bonelli Bay, Lake Mead, James W. Murray, Carolyn J. Jones, Kathy Kuivila, Jeff Sawlan

Publications (WR)

The interstitial water chemistry of the sediments of Las Vegas Bay and Bonelli Bay in Lake Mead has been studied as part of a comprehensive water quality study of those locations. Pore water and solid phase analyses were completed from four stations in Las Vegas Bay and two stations in Bonelli Bay. At both locations the pore water compositions and organic matter diagenesis in the sediments are dominated by sulfate reduction. This major role of sulfate reduction is unusual for lake sediments and reflects the fact that SO₄ is the major anion in the lake water. In addition, gypsum …

Petroleum-Utilizing Bacteria: The Biological Line Defense Against Oil Pollution, Steven W. Sokolowski

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

A silica gel-petroleum (SGP) medium was developed which is reliable, approximately the same cost as that of the corresponding agar-based petroleum medium, and can be made sufficiently firm to use in streaking or the spread-plate technique. Advantages of the medium include: the incorporation of all of the major ions of seawater in accordance with Dittmar's Law (the salinity of which can easily be varied from 0 to 35 parts per thousand); a wide workable pH range (5.5 to 11.6); negligable pH drift(~ 0.2 pH units after 166 days); the elimination of all but negligable amounts of syneresis, the ability to …

Regimes For Allocating Rights In Ground Water, William A. Hillhouse, Ii

Water Resources Allocation: Laws and Emerging Issues: A Short Course (Summer Conference, June 8-11)

145 pages.

Supplemental materials. Includes text of C.R.S. § 37-90-135-138, In the Matter of Rules and Regulations Governing the Use, Control, and Protection of Water Rights for Both Surface and Underground Water Located in the Rio Grande and Conejos River Basins and Their Tributaries, No. W-3466 (Colo. Dist. Ct., Water Div. 3 Jan. 31, 1980), Southeastern Colo. Wtr. v. Huston, 593 P.2d 1347, Ruling, Judgment and Certification, Southeastern Colo. Wtr. v. Huston (Colo. Dist. Ct. Water Div. 1,2,3,4,5,6 & 7 Feb. 11, 1981), Corrected Findings of Fact , Conclusions of Law and Decree, In the Matter of the Application for …