Digital Commons Network^™

Bird Problems And Food Storage And Processing Facilities, Robert M. Russell, Robert Yeager, Fred Baur, James R. Dupre

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

For the bird control problems in the food industry I think we have a good pair to work with us. We have Bob Yeager, a pest control authority. Fred Baur is from Procter and Gamble, a great company with a long record of association with the pest control industry. Third, we have with us Jim Dupre, whose experience is with the Food and Drug Administration. And with all the government controls we've learned to expect from the government in the last few years, I think it's good for us to know that we have had a long and good record …

A Method Of Evaluating Blackbird Depredation Using Food Habits, Robert E. Williams

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

An accurate economic analysis of pest species, such as birds depredating agricultural systems, would entail a thorough understanding of the species1 ecological relationships with all components of their environment. Understanding behavioral patterns (e.g., seasonal territorialism and gregariousness, reproductive characteristics, and annual food habits), population dynamics (e.g., natality, mortality, and sex ratios), and environmental pressures (e.g., carrying capacity and interspecific competition) would only begin to provide a base for a valid evaluation. No single parameter could integrate the complex interactions which affect agricultural production. However, evaluation of one such parameter, food habits analysis, could provide enough useful information for estimating one …

Redwinged Blackbird Flock Feeding Behavior In Response To Repellent Stress, M. I. Dyer

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The use of 4-Aminopyridine (Avitrol, a Phillips Petroleum trade-name, or AFCC 99, a name designated by Environmental Protection Agency) as an avian repellent when placed on agricultural crops has been reported upon (DeGrazio, et al., 1971, 1972; Stickley, et al., 1972, 1976); and its status in the United States and elsewhere has been recently reviewed (Bessek, 1976). Much more information has been collected; but unfortunately, it has not been made accessible in published form (see Besser, 1976). Thus, much of the information and opinions about this repellent material is anecdotal, and the scientific community must rely upon relatively sparse information …

Bird Strikes And The Air Force, Portia R. Mccracken

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The first recorded bird strike accident was in 1912, when a gull got caught in an air- craft control cable. The pilot was killed in the crash. Since that first squaring-off, man and bird have been engaged in an accelerating contest in which there can be no winner. At first, birdstrikes were not really much of a problem. Aircraft were slow, and birds were able to learn to move out of their paths in time to avoid a collision. But, with the coming of the jet age, the problem began to take on more sinister proportions. At this point, birds …

Strychnine, Paul Ochs

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

I was to come here and talk to you today about the status of strychnine. Strychnine, of course, is one of the older poisons in use today; and, according to information from Fitzwater, Strychnine was known for its toxic properties as early as 1640. It was used to destroy crows, pests, stray dogs, etc. Strychnine was also used by natives of South America and Africa to dispose of neighboring tribes. This material is derived from an extract of the seeds from strychnos nux vomica and other species of the strychnos genus. The alkaloid form is only slightly soluble in boiling …

Examination Of Redwinged Blackbird Nestling Growth Rates Using The Logistic Model: A Case For R And K Selection?, M. I. Dyer, Z. Abramsky

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

One of the few processes of an avian population that presents the opportunity to collect sensitive information about the performance of that population is growth rates of young throughout the brooding period. Growth rate data are sensitive to many conditions of the breeding cycle: proximate influences, such as food availability and weather (Francis, et al., in prep.), and ultimate factors, such as species-specific characteristics, (Ricklefs, 1968). Additionally, the measurements themselves can be obtained with precision. The ability to make such detailed observations is extremely useful and is not always possible for other population parameters, such as determining life table data. …

Studies On Diet Overlap Among Icterids, Crows, And Starlings, M. I. Dyer, N. J. Kakalec

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Some of the problems that have been publicized for the past two to three years about blackbirds and Starlings in the southeastern United States are concerned with what these birds eat and the degree to which these granivores compete on their wintering grounds. The assumption by agriculturists has been that these birds cause severe depredations. Futhermore it is presumed by some that food supplies are unlimited and that these birds are simply living off the “fat of the land”; others consider that food is limited and that the birds are “pressured” into direct competition with man's food or food destined …

Selection Of Toxic Poultry Pellets From Cattle Rations By Starlings, Richard R. West, Jerome F. Besser

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Populations of wintering Starlings(sturnus vulgaris) causing problems at cattle feedlots have been effectively reduced by broadcasting pellet baits treated with 1 % DRC-1339 (3- chloro-p-toluidine hydrochloride) in their feeding areas (Besser, et al., 1967; West, et al., 1967; West, 1968). Each 1% DRC-1339 pellet (averaging 70 mg in weight) contains an amount of toxicant sufficient to be lethal to a starling (DeCino, et al., 1966). Besser, et al. (1968) estimated that starlings at cattle feedlots take about half their diet from the troughs. However, during severe winter weather, many Starlings take most of their food from troughs, and some appear …

Starling Damage To Sprouting Wheat In Tennessee, Allen R. Stickley, Richard A. Dolbeer, Stephen B. White

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

An estimated half-billion blackbirds and Starlings have been roosting in the United States each winter for many years (Meanley and Webb, 1965). Three-fourths of these birds, primarily Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus), Common Grackles (Quiscalus quiscula). Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater), and Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) winter in the east (lower Mississippi Valley and eastward to the Atlantic Ocean) where food and climate are apparently more attractive than in the more arid west.

In recent years, these birds have come increasingly to public notice because of appar- ent agricultural, health, aesthetic, and nuisance problems (Graham 1976). Considerable effort has been spent developing lethal …

The Good - The Bad - The Ugly - That’S Bird Control, William D. Fitzwater

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The good that most people see in birds is sometimes offset by the bad that birds do under certain situations. The ugly part comes in when misdirected emotionalism and unscientifically-based regulations interfere with effective control measures.

Enteric Virus Survival In Package Plants And The Upgrading Of The Small Treatment Plants Using Ozone, Lois S. Cronholm, James R. Mccammon, Marvin Fleischman, Jerry R. Perrich, Valerie Reisser, William Harris, Ronald R. Vanstockum, Khosrow Jaberizadeh, Michael J. Wahl

KWRRI Research Reports

Post-chlorinated effluent collected with a portable viral concentrator from four treatment plants in Jefferson County, Kentucky, yielded infective viral particles from three plants from spring through late fall. The pH, ,chlorine, turbidity, and coliform levels of these effluents indicated that viral persistence was correlated with inefficient processing which produced effluent environments that inhibited disinfection by chlorine. The disinfection potential of ozone was tested on secondary effluent and finished water seeded with poliovirus and Esaheriahia coli. Low doses of ozone inactivated viruses and bacteria in treated water, but not in effluent. The inactivation of bacteria by ozone does not appear …

Report On Wastewater Disposal To Board Of County Commissioners, Clark County Nevada, Clair N. Sawyer

Publications (WR)

This report is concerned with the management of waste-waters and subsurface drainage from the City of Las Vegas and its environs and the BMI complex, all in Clark County, Nevada. The prime objective is to recommend a plan of action which will utilize the natural resources of the area in the least costly manner and still protect Lake Mead for recreational purposes and use as a public water supply, At this writing, conditions in the upper Las Vegas arm of Boulder Basin are quite unsatisfactory for some recreational purposes due to the extensive blooms of algae which develop. Experience at …

The Arbovirus Surveillance And Control Program In Ohio, 1975 – 76, M. A. Parsons

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

In 1975 Ohio experienced the largest epidemic of mosquito-borne encephalitis in its history. Four hundred and sixty-eight human cases (416 St. Louis [SLE] and 52 California [CE] occurred with 30 fatalities; one death was due to CE. The entire United States was hard hit (Illinois, 475; Indiana, 297; Mississippi, 210; Michigan, 20; Tennessee, 91; 30 others, 550 ) with 1816 SLE, 160 CE, 133, Western, and 3 Eastern encephalitis cases causing 150 fatalities. The cycle of mosquito-borne encephalitis in nature progresses as follows: A mosquito infected with virus feeds on a non-infected animal, such as a bird in the case …

Wetting As A Means Of Bird Control, Sheldon Lustick

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

That birds are homeotherms is demonstrated by their ability to maintain a relatively constant body temperature over a wide range of ambient temperatures. An important com- ponent of this ability to maintain a constant body temperature in a cold environment is the feather layer. Birds have been shown to acclimate to cold by increasing their plum- age 20-30 percent and, hence, increasing their insulation (Kendeigh, 1934; Scholander, et al., 1950; West, 1962). Hutchinson (1954) states that oil secreted by uropygial (preen) glands maintains the ability of the feathers to shed water and, therefore, aids in maintaining the insulating layer. Since …

A Survey Of Archeological And Historical Resources Within The Bonneville Unit Of The Central Utah Project, Frank W. Hull, Craig W. Fuller

Elusive Documents

Four small archeological sites were found but were of insufficient significance to warrant their further study or preservation. Providing the enlargement of Deer Creek Reservoir represents the only alternative, a comprehensive study of the community and its historic resources has been recommended, especially as it relates to the use of land and water. In addition, study has been recommended of the settlement as it relates to the understanding of agricultural development in Utah.

Dams And People: Geographic Impact Area Analysis, Vance E. Arnett, Sue Johnson

KWRRI Research Reports

This report attempts to determine the efficacy of using geographic impact areas as analytical sub-groups for the assessment of the impact of multi-purpose reservoir projects on target communities. The impact areas utilized are: the take area; the below-the-dam area; the urban area; and, the adjacent area. Each area is described in detail and each is analyzed for differences in knowledge, previous experience, and perception of impact on community and family.

Data for this study originated from structured and open-ended interviews in Johnson County, Kentucky. Information was collected during two field efforts, the first in February, 1974, the second in August …

State Of The Fisheries Report 1975, Department Of Fisheries And Wildlife, Western Australia

Status Reports of the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

The total value of the fisheries of Western Australia is the highest of any of the States, and the Western Australian rock lobster fishery is the most valuable single fishery in Australia.

The Oombulgurri Project Clancy Committee Report, D J. Clancy, P Mccosker, C Mayberry, A J. Millington, P Ryan

All other publications

In early August the Oombulgurri community requested assistance in the following terms.

"On behalf of the Oombulgurri Community, we invite assistance in developing the grain and pasture cropping at Oombulgurri. We have experimented with peanuts, sorghum, and many varieties of vegetables. This has tested the reality of hopes to expand acreage and varieties to become self-sufficient in stock feed. The Farm and Garden Guild now needs the expertise of your services to plan a four-year programme. vie need assistance in choosing from the many options, opinions and advices available from Australia and elsewhere, for grain production, pastures, methods appropriate to …

Botanical Pioneers Of The Nebraska Sandhills, Curtis Twedt, Carl Wolfe

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Staff Research Publications

The Nebraska Sandhills comprise an area of about 20,000 square miles, extending from about 980 30' to 1030 . Northern and southern boundaries are parallel with the Niobrara and Platte River valleys, respectively. The Sandhills merge with the Loess Hills physiographic region at the southeast, resulting in irregular interfaces of low dunes with clay bluffs and canyons of the latter region (Elder, 1969).

Legal Institutions For The Allocation Of Water And Their Impact On Coal Conversion Operations In Kentucky, Richard C. Ausness, Gary W. Callahan, Steven W. Dills, Bill H. Flynn, John S. Gillig

KWRRI Research Reports

The conversion of coal into other types of fuel through gasification and liquefaction has been proposed as a means of coping with America's increasing energy needs. Coal conversion plants require large quantities of water for cooling purposes and for use as a raw material.

There are three types of water allocation presently used in the United States, riparianism, prior appropriation, and administrative permit systems. The common law riparian system is undesirable because under it water rights are insecure and subject to locational use restrictions. Prior appropriation is better, but the permanent water right created under this system results in excessive …

Minerals And Gemstones Of Nebraska: A Handbook For Students And Collectors, Roger K. Pabian, Allan Cook

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

Table of Contents:

Introduction
What Are Minerals? What Are Rocks? What Are Gemstones?
What is Mineralogy?
What Can Minerals Tell Us?
Minerals and Geologic Time
Minerals as Environmental Indicators
Minerals as Resources
Where are Minerals Found?
Collecting Courtesy
Tools for Collecting Minerals
Care of Tools
Tips on Collecting Minerals
Safety Rules
Preparation of Specimens
Mineral Identification
Physical Properties
Cleavage
Hardness
Luster
Streak
Specific Gravity
Form
Color
Tenacity
Fluorescence
Chemical Properties
Chemical Composition
Taste
Chemical Tests
Crystallography
Common Nebraska Minerals
Amphibole
Ankerite
Aragonite
Autunite
Barite
Bauxite
Biotite
Calcite
Carnotite
Celestite
Chalcedony
Chalcopyrite
Chalk
Chert
Chlorite
Coal
Copper
Dolomite
Epidote
Feldspar
Fluorite …

An Aqueous Environmental Simulation Model For Mid-South Lakes And Reservoirs, Louis J. Thibodeaux

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Quantitative relationships and associated computer program has been developed to simulate some of the major physical, chemical and biological processes occuring within the aqueous phase of lakes and reservoirs. The model was developed, in part, to study the eutrophic development of these water bodies. Emphasis is upon lakes in the Mid-South U.S.A. The physical model reflects the general environment in this region and includes a single stratified period. The chemical subsystem includes nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen and carbon. The biological subsystem includes phytoplankton, zooplankton, omnivorous fish, carnivorous fish and aerobic bacteria. The model differential equations are solved numerically with the IBM …

Hydrodynamic Separation Of Solids From Solid-Liquid Mixtures, Harry J. Sterling Jr., Don J. Wood

KWRRI Research Reports

Several schemes for separating solid pollutants from water flowing in a closed conduit were examined. Separation based on the momentum differential between the solids and liquids and the centrifugal movement of a conveying liquid were both examined under turbulent flow conditions. The study indicated these processes to have limited applications, primarily due to the difficulties in withdrawing a significant fraction of separated flow and the deleterious effects of turbulent mixing. However, utilization of the differential momentum of solid particles and water when flowing laminarly through a pipe was found to be a viable separation scheme. Significant experimental separations (greater than …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 8, Nos. 1 And 2. March-June 1976

The Prairie Naturalist

THE POTAMOGETONACEAE IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ G. E. Larson

NOTES

January Record for Western Grebe at Amenia, North Dakota ▪ J. M. Wiehe and J. F. Cassel

An Observation of Possible Mallard Adoption ▪ R. A. Stromstad

Unusual Mortality in California Gulls ▪ G. R. Lingle

Great Horned Owl Predation of Penned Gray Partridge ▪ J. W. Schulz

BOOK REVIEWS

North Dakota's Own Bird Book ▪ B. and A. Gammell

North Dakota's Wildlife ▪ Staff

A New Bird Book for Minnesota ▪ D. H. Johnson

Two New Waterfowl Books ▪ T. J. Dwyer

Two Canadian Bird References ▪ Staff

Canadian …

Water Current, Volume 8, No. 3, May/June 1976

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
Summer Institute Planned
Research Technologist Hired
Water Research in Nebraska
Bill Introduced to Amend Water Resources Planning Act
OMB Wants "Section 80" Reviewed Again
National Commission on Water Quality Sends Recommendations to Congress
Water Assessment and Appraisal Given Top WRC Priority
Rio Grande Region: More Water Stored Underground than Above
Research Review: Physiological Aspects of Plant Water Use Efficiency

Conservation Of Natural Resources--Ecology, Economics And Energy, Harold W. Young

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Feeding Behavior Of Pen Reared Mule Deer Under Winter Range Conditions, Michael A. Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study examined the feeding responses of mule deer to a system of spring livestock grazing. The specific purposes were 1) to determine botanical composition of diets selected by mule deer on a winter range subjected to previous spring grazing by sheep compared to one with no sheep grazing and 2) to develop a basis for predicting selection of individual plants by deer, based on physical characteristics of the plants and the species and physical proximity of associated plants.

The study was conducted within the framework of a completely randomized experimental design with two treatments. Variables controlled for each unit …

Forage Selection And Nutrition Of Sheep And Goats Grazing In The Tunisian Pre-Sahara, Rudolfo Ricardo Griego

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Nomadic pastoralism has been the traditional method of utilizing grazing resources in arid and semi-arid regions of Africa. However, increased sedentarization accompanied by growing human and animal populations during the past two decades is thought to be accelerating the desertification process, or desert expansion. The specific interactions of the grazing animal with this process has been speculated upon but not studied in detail. A comparative study was initiated during the spring grazing season of 1974 to determine sheep and goat nutritional and production responses, as well as patterns of vegetative selection and utilization under the pastoral system currently employed in …

Wind-Powered Hydrogen Electric Systems For Farm And Rural Use, Final Report, United States Department Of Energy

Agriculture

The objective of this study has been to determine the current technology of a wind-energy conversion system (WECS) of minimal cost for rural applications. Specifically, IGT has evaluated available methods for converting shaft horse-power from a wind turbine to electricity and hydrogen. A workable mix of these two energy forms with storage that can support the energy needs of selected farming operations and the rural home was sought.

Energy load patterns of several farming operations were examined for interfacing with the energy storage and delivery systems that are supplied by wind turbines dependent on the prevalent winds. Several preliminary designs …

Ua12/2/19 Earth Week, Energy For Student Awareness

WKU Administration Documents

Newspaper created by the Energy for Student Awareness group regarding Earth Week and environmental issues.