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Fisheries Research Report No.128 - Aquaculture And Related Biological Attributes Of Abalone Species In Australia - A Review., Kylie A. Freeman

Fisheries Research Reports

China and Taiwan are the major producers of cultured abalone; with annual production estimated at 3,500 and 3,000 tonnes respectively. The world production of cultured abalone sold in 1999 was 7,775 tonnes. Australian farm production was still relatively low (89 tonne in 1999) but numerous abalone farms have been proposed and many have been constructed. On a national scale, Tasmania and South Australia are the major states involved in temperate abalone culture; however, new projects have commenced in Victoria and considerable interest exists in New South Wales. Pilot scale trials with tropical abalone aquaculture using the Donkey-ear abalone (Haliotis asinina) …

Fish Protection Measures To Ensure Fish For The Future, Jo Bunting

Fisheries Management Papers

The protection of Western Australia's aquatic animals, plants and habitats is important for many reasons. Fish, and many aquatic invertebrates, have significant commercial, recreational and social importance. Aquatic habitats provide food, refuge and breeding areas for fish and other animals. In addition, some habitats, such as rocky reefs and seagrass meadows, act as nursery sites for juvenile animals. Some habitats and their inhabitants (such as coral reefs) also have aesthetic values which support economically and socially important industries, such as tourism.

Biotechnology Of Whey Using Yeast Fungi Isolated From Local Environment, Mouza Suhail Al Muhairi

Theses

The potential threat of whey pollution to the soil environment and ultimately groundwater resources in UAB promoted the elements of concern to the utilization of the whey waste. This work was conducted in AI-Ain area to isolate new fermenting yeast strains, from local soils, capable of fermenting whey lactose.

Soil samples were collected from two locations in AI-Ain area (near Al-Ain dairy farm & AI-Markhania area) and from a neighboring area (AI-Buraimi) based on the soil nature and ecological parameters. Inorganic elements and organic residues of the soil samples were characterized. Results indicated that AI-Buraimi soil is rich in nitrate …

Territorial Defense By Coyotes (Canis Latrans) In Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming: Who, How, Where, When, And Why, Eric M. Gese

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Territorial defense and maintenance are an important facet of the social ecology of most carnivore species. From January 1991 to June 1993, we observed 54 coyotes (Canis latrans) for 2507 h in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, during which we observed 112 instances of territory defense. The identity of the coyotes involved in challenging and evicting intruding animals was known. Alpha coyotes were most likely to be involved in territorial evictions of intruding animals, followed by beta individuals; pups participated little in territory defense. Coyotes evicting intruders generally had a numerical advantage when challenging the intruders. Territory-defense rates were …

Evaluation Of Mirrors To Deter Nesting Starlings, Thomas W. Seamans, Charles D. Lovell, Richard A. Dolbeer, Jonathon D. Cepek

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) nesting in buildings and other structures can cause health, nuisance, and safety problems. We evaluated effectiveness of flashing lights combined with mirrors, and mirrors alone, as deterrents for starlings nesting in starling nest boxes in northern Ohio, 1998-2000. Each year, 100 nest boxes attached to utility poles were randomly assigned equally among 4 treatments (including untreated boxes): 1998- mirrored (internally placed on the back and 2 side walls of nest boxes), mirrored with red-flashing lights, and mirrored with green-flashing lights; 1999-convex mirror above entrance hole, convex mirror at back of nest box, and flat …

Volume Change Behavior Of Clay Soils And The Effect On Discrete Fractures, Heather Ann Hall

Dissertations

This study examines the behavior of subsurface fractures in fine-grained soil such as clays in response to changing environmental conditions. Fractures serve as conduits for moisture transfer, which can lead to substantial shrinking and swelling of the surrounding fracture boundary soils. These volume changes, in turn, affect fracture geometry and moisture transmission rates. A new predictive model, termed the 'Fracture Volume Change Model' (FVC Model), has been developed to relate moisture transfer, soil volume change and associated changes in fracture aperture. The model assumes a discrete horizontal fracture in a laterally-infinite, saturated, expansive clay with rigid, outer no-flow boundaries and …

Benthic Communities In Spartina Alterniflora And Phragmites Australis Dominated Salt Marshes, Catherine E. Yuhas

Theses

The benthic communities were investigated in Phragmites australis and Spartina altemiflora salt marshes, conducted in natural and mitigated salt marshes located in a highly urbanized area, the Hackensack Meadowlands, New Jersey. Benthic samples were taken with a 5-centimeter core at two habitats, the creek bank and the edge of the vegetation in the low marsh zone. Salinity levels and textural and structural sediment characteristics were also collected at each site. A recolonization experiment that utilized sediment from an undisturbed and uncontaminated salt marsh was conducted to determine if substrate is important in benthic colonization. The results suggest that there were …

Density Of Prairie Skinks (Eumeces Septentrionalis) In Old-Field Habitats, William C. Pitt

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

From 1996–1998 I estimated the density of prairie skinks (Eumeces septentrionalis) in old fields and evaluated the influence of habitat characteristics on density. I estimated prairie skink density from a trapping grid using a mark-recapture method in seven old fields. For each field I estimated arthropod density, percent plant cover and recorded field age and if the field had been burned in the last 5 y. Arthropod density was highly variable among years and fields. Percent plant cover did not explain this variation, as it varied little among fields and years. Prairie skink density ranged from 58–206 adults …

Monitoring Changes In Feral Swine Abundance And Spatial Distribution, Richard M. Engeman, Bernice Constantine, Mark Nelson, John Woolard, Jean Bourassa

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Swine (Sus scrofa) have been introduced in many places throughout the world, and in many places they adversely affect the environment, economically impact agriculture, and/or harbor diseases transmittable to domestic livestock or humans. An easily applied method to assess their abundance is an important need for their management. To monitor efficacy of a swine control program in Florida, data from passive tracking plots provide an index of feral swine abundance. The same track data coupled with plot locations to numerically describe the spatial pattern of swine activity gave an index of pervasiveness, and a simple rate of interception …

Monitoring Raccoon Populations To Maximize Efficacy Of A Fixed-Cost Control Budget For Reducing Predation On Sea Turtle Nests, Richard M. Engeman, Bernice Constantin, Ryan Noel, John D. Woolard

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The fundamental focus for the Hobe Sound National Wildlife Refuge on Florida's east coast is to provide and protect nesting habitat for three threatened or endangered sea turtle species. Nesting and hatching by three sea turtle species spans from early spring to fall each year. Left unchecked, predation by raccoons would destroy a high proportion of turtle nests. Raccoon removal is applied to reduce nest predation, but available funding only allows for about a one person-month control contract. We maximized the economical efficiency of this control budget by using a passive tracking index to: 1) optimize the timing and strategy …

Solid Phase Extraction Gas Chromatography/Electron Capture Detector Method For The Determination Of Organochlorine Pesticides In Wildlife Whole Blood, S. A. Volz, J.J. Johnston, D.L. Griffin

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

A gas chromatographic method for the analysis of 10 organochlorine pesticides in 0.5 mL of whole blood is described. Sample preparation involved an ethyl ether and hexane extraction, followed by a silica solid phase extraction cleanup. The pesticides are quantified by gas chromatography/electron capture detection. Method limits of detection ranged from 1.1 to 5.2 μg/L. The mean and standard deviation for the recovery of 10 pesticides was 97.9 ± 5.5%. Recoveries from whole blood were comparable to recoveries from plasma. This indicates that the preparation of plasma is unnecessary for the quantification of organochlorine pesticides in blood. This approach is …

Solid Phase Extraction Gas Chromatography/Electron Capture Detector Method For The Determination Of Organochlorine Pesticides In Wildlife Whole Blood, S. A. Volz, J. J. Johnston, D. L. Griffin

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

A gas chromatographic method for the analysis of 10 organochlorine pesticides in 0.5 mL of whole blood is described. Sample preparation involved an ethyl ether and hexane extraction, followed by a silica solid phase extraction cleanup. The pesticides are quantified by gas chromatography/electron capture detection. Method limits of detection ranged from 1.1 to 5.2 μ g/L. The mean and standard deviation for the recovery of 10 pesticides was 97.9 ( 5.5%. Recoveries from whole blood were comparable to recoveries from plasma. This indicates that the preparation of plasma is unnecessary for the quantification of organochlorine pesticides in blood. This approach …

Miscellaneous Publication 009/2001 - Pistachios Western Australia An Income Producing Reforestation Opportunity For The Wheatbelt, Andrew Quinn

Horticulture published reports

Faced with a rising water-table, salt and acid land impacts, the Western Australian Wheatbelt requires significant changes to traditional farming system models.

Part of this drive towards improved sustainability is the need to re-plant substantial areas to tree belts or blocks. One of the limiting factors in the widescale adoption of on-farm tree planting is the narrow range of opportunities to generate income from these sites.

This report presents a model for the development of a Pistachio nut industry with production integrated into existing Wheatbelt farming systems. In addition to offering significant environmental benefits, the Pistachio tree offers the opportunity …

Long Pond Study 2000-2001

Watershed Access Lab Projects

No abstract provided.

Park And Ride Feasibility Analysis For The Evansville, Indiana, Metropolitan Area, Brian Howard

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Congested roadways and declining air quality standards are major concerns for many communities faced with the challenges of suburban growth and city decay. How each community chooses to fight the problems created by urban sprawl depends greatly on individualized characteristics of the community. Analyzing and understanding unique values of each community provides a sound foundation for measures designed to promote sustainable growth initiatives. The Evansville, Indiana, region is experiencing many of the growing pains associated with increased residential, commercial, and industrial development. Many roadways are currently strained near capacity, and traffic problems are anticipated to increase over the next 20 …

The Probe, Issue 216 – May/June 2001

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

NADCA's Future Mission -- Mike Conover, NADCA President
NADCA's Future: Comments from a Regional Director -- John Baroch, NADCA Southwest Regional Director
Some of Montana's most notorious grizzly bears, incarcerated for defeating "bear-proof garbage containers are being put on work duty instead of death row.
A 1996 attack by a black bear on a 16-year old Arizona girl at a U.S. Forest Service campground has greatly changed the way western state and federal agencies approach public bear-awareness programs.
How do animals that never or rarely drink water maintain water balance, especially those animals living in arid environments?
The Proceedings of …

Wildlife Damage News, Volume 1, Spring 2001

Wildlife Damage News

CONTENTS:

The Northeast Wildlife Damage Management Research and Outreach Cooperative by Paul Curtis, Cornell University and Gary San Julian, Penn State University, Co-Directors

Bats in the Attic

Review of Current Literature
Excerpted by Kristi Sullivan, Wildlife Communication Specialist Castelli, P.M. and S.E. Sleggs.

Wildlife Damage Management Fact Sheet Series (2001) by Paul Curtis and Kristi Sullivan

Managing Nuisance Beavers Along Roadsides (2000) by Paul Jensen, Paul Curtis and D. Hamelin

Managing White-tailed Deer in Suburban Environments: a Technical Guide (2000) by Anthony DeNicola, Kurt VerCauteren, Paul Curtis, and Scott Hygnstrom

Managing Canada Geese in Urban Environments (1999): a Technical Guide …

Effectiveness Of Earthen Escape Ramps In Reducing Big Game Mortality In Utah, Mary L. Hammer

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

One-way escape gates and earthen escape ramps are structures used to enable deer to exit the highway right-of-way along fenced roads. I compared the use of one-way escape gates and earthen escape ramps by mule deer on two highways in Utah to determine if deer exhibited a preference for either structure. Results showed that earthen escape ramps were used by mule deer 8-11 times more frequently than one-way gates. Highway mortality data suggest that the installation of the escape ramps likely reduced mortality of mule deer in both study locations, because we could not attribute reductions in mortality to decreased …

Ecology Of Treeline Whitebark Pine (Pinus Albicaulis) Populations In Central Idaho: Successional Status, Recruitment, And Mortality, And A Spring Temperature Reconstruction From Whitebark Pine Tree Rings, Dana Lee Perkins

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This research investigated the successional status of treeline whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) populations on 14 stands in central Idaho and used empirical statistical models to determine the principal factors affecting recruitment and mortality. The longest lived whitebark pines from four additional high-elevation sites were used to develop a tree-ring chronology to reconstruct over 1,000 years of average April-May temperature.

The assessment of stand structures using size-frequency distributions generally provides evidence that treeline whitebark pine populations are currently self-sustaining in areas of low to nonexistent incidence of white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola). However the presence of …

Casco Bay Watershed Wetlands Characterization, State Planning Office

Maine Collection

Casco Bay Watershed Wetlands Characterization

State of Maine Executive Department - State Planning Office

Augusta, Maine, May 2001

Contents: Abstract / Background / Getting Started / Designing the System / The Characterization / The Prioritization / Results / Cautions / Significance of the Approach / Literature Cited / Figure 1 - Biophysical Regions of Maine / Appendix A: Steering Committee Members / Appendix B: Field Verification Form / Appendix C: Contacts

Pride Water Quality Assessment Report: Iv. Nutrient Assessment, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

KWRRI Research Reports

The efficient utilization of federal funds in improving the water quality and aquatic habitat of the region requires a mechanism for assessing and evaluating the impacts of the proposed and ongoing projects as well as some mechanism for prioritizing the allocation of additional funds. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of these projects it is important to provide a formal monitoring and assessment program based on sound scientific principles. This report provides an initial 10 year baseline assessment of the existing water quality conditions in the 40 county PRIDE region for the purpose of evaluating the impacts of the PRIDE …

Historical And Contemporary Distributions Of Aquatic Mollusks In The Upper Conasauga River System Of Georgia And Tennessee, Robert Ryan Evans

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The Conasauga River, an upper Coosa River tributary, was historically one of the most diverse rivers within the Mobile basin drainage for freshwater mollusks. The Conasauga River historically supported 37 species of unionids (Bivalvia: Unionidae), 11 species of prosobranch gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda), and 3 species of sphaerid (Bivalvia: Sphaeridae) clams. I collected records from several museums ranging from 1914 to 1990 to chronicle the historical diversity of the Conasauga River system, and conducted a contemporary survey to compare changes in species distributions and richness over the twentieth century. During this study, a total of203 collections were made in the mainstem …

Natural History And Roosting Ecology Of The Eastern Pipistrelle, Pipistrellus Subflavus, Jacques Pierre Veilleux

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A study concerning the natural history and roosting ecology of the eastern pipistrelle, Pipistrellus subtlavus, was conducted from 1997 to 2000, in southern Vigo County, Indiana. 111 Females began forming pre-maternity colonies during early May, and parturition began during late June. Pre-maternity colonies averaged 3.7 ± 1.9 individuals, and maternity colonies averaged 4.4 ± 2.4 individuals. Young pipistrelles first became volant during the third and fourth weeks of July. Pipistrelles were located in 59 roost trees. All roosts were located in foliage, either in clusters of dead leaves (n = 40) or in live foliage (n = 19). Oaks (Ouercus …

An Ethical Framework For Interpreting The United States Endangered Species Act, Cathryn M. Elgin

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

In this study I argue that a holistic approach is better than an individualistic approach for interpreting the United States Endangered Species Act (ESA). I propose that the use of a holistic ethical framework, based on fundamental environmental philosophy, is better in that it more effectively fulfills the ESA's goals of species and ecosystem conservation. Holistic ethics is based on concern for a community as a whole, while individualistic ethics is based on concern for the individual. A holistic approach, I argue, is more beneficial to nature than is an individualistic approach or other non-holistic approaches. I set up basic …

Intensification In A Risky Environment: The Case Of Improving Private Grazing Land For Beef Production In Utah, Louise D. Sainsbury

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Utah ranchers commonly face risks to their livelihoods. The objective of this work was to determine if ranchers could make profitable improvements to private land forage given the combined threat of low beef prices, drought, and possible loss of public grazing.

We used linear programming (LINDO) to identify the most profitable solutions for private land investment with an 11-year simulation. Operations were divided into small, medium, and large size classes. Various forage improvements and public permits were options. Two phases of a beef price cycle (peak and trough) and 2 precipitation patterns (wet and drought) were combined as joint favorable …

Introduced Wildlife Of Oregon And Washington , Gary W. Witmer, Jeffrey C. Lewis

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Each species of wildlife occurs as part of an ecosystem, interacting in many ways with other plant and animal species in that system as well as with the abiotic components such as soil, air, water, and other substrates. The array of wildlife species around the globe has been shaped by geological and climatological events as well as by eons of evolution and natural selection. Species have come and gone and those remaining have, in most cases, co-evolved or co-adapted with many other species so that relatively stable, and often complex, relationships exist. Usually, a great many niches have been carved …

Use Of Acetaminophen For Large-Scale Control Of Brown Treesnakes, Peter J. Savarie, John A. Shivik, Gary C. White, Jerome C. Hurley, Larry Clark

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Because the brown treesnake (Boiga irregularis) has virtually extirpated the avifauna on Guam and is a threat to other Pacific islands, the development of alternative and efficient control methods is required. Therefore, we performed a large-scale field experiment to determine whether the acetaminophen baits we developed could be used to reduce population levels of brown treesnakes on Guam. Toxic baits were made by inserting 80 mg of acetaminophen into dead neonatal mice, and these mouse baits were used to treat plots. Reference plots were baited with unadulterated baits. We used mark-recapture methods to estimate snake abundance on plots …

Addressing Uncertainty In Tmdls: Short Course At Arkansas Water Resources Center 2001 Annual Conference, Marty Matlock, Matthew Murawski

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Management of a critical natural resource like water requires information on the status of that resource. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported in the 1998 National Water Quality Inventory that more than 291,000 miles of assessed rivers and streams and 5 million acres of lakes do not meet State water quality standards. This inventory represents a compilation of State assessments of 840,000 miles of rivers and 17.4 million acres of lakes; a 22 percent increase in river miles and 4 percent increase in lake acres over their 1996 reports. Siltation, bacteria, nutrients and metals were the leading pollutants of …

The John Muir Newsletter, Spring 2001, The John Muir Center For Regional Studies

Muir Center Newsletters (1981-2015)

JOHN in lilt 111! Wl 11% m MUIR Spring 2001 WSLE "'That Florida flavor': Nature and Culture in jftoRA Neale Hurston's Work for the Federal Writers' Project"1 Valerie Levy, Decatur, Georgia WlfSclitor's Note: The noted African-American author, Zora Wfeale Hurston, is not widely known as a nature writer. For a discussion of her work in that vein, below is an excerpt from the work of an outstanding graduate student, Valerie Levy.) n 1938 famed African-American folklorist, anthropologist, and author Zora Neale Hurston left Harlem and returned to her home state, Florida, to supplement her income by working as a relief …

Esperance Downs Research Station : Rehabilitation Report, Harvey Jones

Resource management technical reports

Esperance Downs Research Station (EDRS) was established in 1949 as an experimental farm. Knowledge from trials on the station has been instrumental in development of agriculture throughout the Esperance region. However, land degradation and in particular secondary salinity became widespread by the 1980s. With potential for similar problems to develop in the region, the EDRS rehabilitation program began in 1990/91. This report details the objectives of this project along with implementation procedures and an assessment of its achievements.

The stated aim of the rehabilitation was 'To research and demonstrate economic methods of obtaining production from land affected by salinity, waterlogging …